Southern African Journal of Infectious Diseases最新文献

{"title":"The wondrous world of biology","authors":"P. Moore","doi":"10.4102/sajid.v37i2.372","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4102/sajid.v37i2.372","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44007,"journal":{"name":"Southern African Journal of Infectious Diseases","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2022-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46768506","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Infectious diseases as ‘a colourful universe of possibilities’","authors":"N. Govender","doi":"10.4102/sajid.v37i2.407","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4102/sajid.v37i2.407","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44007,"journal":{"name":"Southern African Journal of Infectious Diseases","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2022-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43040344","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The times they are a changing","authors":"L. Devenish","doi":"10.4102/sajid.v37i2.376","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4102/sajid.v37i2.376","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44007,"journal":{"name":"Southern African Journal of Infectious Diseases","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2022-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47449626","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Endless forms most beautiful","authors":"J. Nel","doi":"10.4102/sajid.v37i2.388","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4102/sajid.v37i2.388","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44007,"journal":{"name":"Southern African Journal of Infectious Diseases","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2022-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41736837","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A passion for paediatrics and infection control","authors":"A. Dramowski","doi":"10.4102/sajid.v37i2.380","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4102/sajid.v37i2.380","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44007,"journal":{"name":"Southern African Journal of Infectious Diseases","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2022-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47253049","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hope and challenges working at the frontiers of medical knowledge","authors":"G. Meintjes","doi":"10.4102/sajid.v37i2.405","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4102/sajid.v37i2.405","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":44007,"journal":{"name":"Southern African Journal of Infectious Diseases","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2022-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44243613","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"D-dimers in omicron versus delta: A retrospective analysis.","authors":"Alon H Shulman,&nbsp;Barry Jacobson,&nbsp;Bradley M Segal,&nbsp;Amber Khan,&nbsp;Jessica Trusler,&nbsp;Lindsay Earlam,&nbsp;Guy Shemesh","doi":"10.4102/sajid.v37i1.484","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4102/sajid.v37i1.484","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Infection with SARS-CoV-2 has shown to cause an increase in D-dimers, which correlate with severity and prognosis for in-hospital mortality. The B.1.617.2 (delta) variant is known to cause a raised D-dimer level, with data on D-dimers in the B.1.1.529 (omicron) variant being scarce.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To determine the effect of age, gender and SARS-CoV-2 variant on the D-dimer in South Africans admitted to tertiary medical centres from May 2021 to December 2021.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>The study was performed retrospectively on 16 010 adult patients with a SARS-CoV-2 infection. Age, gender, SARS-CoV-2 PCR and D-dimer levels on admission were collected from two national laboratories. Admissions from 01 May 2021 to 31 October 2021 were classified as B.1.617.2, whereas admissions from 01 November 2021 to 23 December 2021 were classified as B.1.1.529 infections.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Omicron infections had a median D-dimer level of 0.54 µg/mL (95% CI: 0.32, 1.08, <i>p</i> < 0.001). Multivariable regression analysis showed that infection with omicron had a 34.30% (95% CI: 28.97, 39.23) reduction in D-dimer values, compared with delta infections. Middle aged, aged and aged over 80 years had D-dimer results greater than the adult baseline (42.6%, 95% CI: 38.0, 47.3, 124.6%, 95% CI: 116.0, 133.7 and 216.1%, 95% CI: 199.5, 233.3). Males on average had a 7.1% (95% CI: 4.6, 9.6) lower D-dimer level than females.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Infection with the B.1.1.529 variant, compared with B.1.617.2 variant, had significantly lower D-dimer levels, with age being a more significant predictor of D-dimer levels, than gender and SARS-CoV-2 variant of infection.</p><p><strong>Contribution: </strong>This study provides novel insight into the hypercoagulable impact of various SARS-CoV-2 variants, which can guide the management of patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":44007,"journal":{"name":"Southern African Journal of Infectious Diseases","volume":"37 1","pages":"484"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9724093/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10379738","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Monkeypox: Is the 'vacated niche' being filled?","authors":"Jacqueline Weyer,&nbsp;Lucille H Blumberg","doi":"10.4102/sajid.v37i1.479","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4102/sajid.v37i1.479","url":null,"abstract":"No abstract available.","PeriodicalId":44007,"journal":{"name":"Southern African Journal of Infectious Diseases","volume":"37 1","pages":"479"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9772718/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10435854","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Aetiology of genital ulcer disease and associated factors among Mthatha public clinic attendees.","authors":"Thembisa R Tshaka,&nbsp;Ravesh Singh,&nbsp;Teke R Apalata,&nbsp;Zizipho Z A Mbulawa","doi":"10.4102/sajid.v37i1.444","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4102/sajid.v37i1.444","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Genital ulcer disease (GUD) is a sexually transmitted disease characterised by ulcerating lesions. Despite the introduction of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) syndromic management approach into primary healthcare in South Africa (SA) in 1995, the prevalence of STIs in South Africa remains high.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The study investigated the aetiology of GUD and factors influencing it among public community health centre (CHC) attendees in the Eastern Cape, South Africa.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>A total of 105 participants were recruited among individuals presenting with GUD from three CHCs located in the Eastern Cape Province, South Africa. Blood and genital ulcer samples were collected from consented participants. Blood samples with suitable sera were tested for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and syphilis. Herpes simplex virus types 1/2 (HSV-1/2), <i>Chlamydia trachomatis, Treponema pallidum, Haemophilus ducreyi</i> and <i>Klebsiella granulomatis</i> were detected in nucleic acid extracted from genital ulcer specimens.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Out of the 98 samples with suitable sera, 55.1% and 8.2% were HIV and syphilis seropositive, respectively. Ulcerating STI pathogens were detected in 31.4% of the study participants. Herpes simplex virus type 2 was the most detected pathogen (16.2%) followed by <i>Chlamydia trachomatis</i> (10.5%), HSV-1 (8.6%), <i>Haemophilus ducreyi</i> (8.6%) and <i>Treponema pallidum</i> (6.7%). Multiple pathogens were detected in 13.3% of participants. Detected multiple ulcerating pathogens were common among HIV-positives (<i>p</i> = 0.016).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Molecular methods for diagnosing pathogens have the potential to improve the management of GUD. Data generated from this study would contribute to the limited data on GUD in the Eastern Cape Province. Further research with a larger sample size is recommended.</p><p><strong>Contribution: </strong>Data generated would contribute to the limited data on GUD in the Eastern Cape province, South Africa.</p>","PeriodicalId":44007,"journal":{"name":"Southern African Journal of Infectious Diseases","volume":"37 1","pages":"444"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9772736/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10435858","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identifying gaps in hand hygiene practice to support tailored target audience messaging in Soweto: A cross-sectional community survey.","authors":"Siobhan L Johnstone,&nbsp;Nicola A Page,&nbsp;Michelle J Groome,&nbsp;Shabir A Madhi,&nbsp;Portia Mutevedzi,&nbsp;Juno Thomas","doi":"10.4102/sajid.v37i1.339","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4102/sajid.v37i1.339","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Effective risk communication is essential for outbreak mitigation, as recently highlighted during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Hand hygiene is one of the proposed public health interventions to protect against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) acquisition and transmission along with social distancing, improved ventilation, environmental cleaning, and wearing of masks. Improving hand hygiene practices in the community requires an understanding of the socio-behavioural context. This cross-sectional community survey in Soweto identified gaps in hand hygiene, which can inform appropriate messaging at the community level. Only 42% of survey respondents practiced adequate hand hygiene. Tailored educational messaging should be targeted at young adults in particular, and the importance of soap for hand hygiene must be emphasised for all age groups. Risk communication should expand to focus on preventing multiple infectious diseases during and beyond the COVID-19 pandemic.</p>","PeriodicalId":44007,"journal":{"name":"Southern African Journal of Infectious Diseases","volume":"37 1","pages":"339"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8991282/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9349023","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}