CAHIERS DE NUTRITION ET DE DIETETIQUE最新文献

{"title":"Functional effects of virgin flaxseed oil on nutrigenomics regulation in a rat model of obesity","authors":"Emilse Negro, Carolina Gerstner, Claudio Bernal","doi":"10.1016/j.cnd.2026.08.029","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cnd.2026.08.029","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Obesity and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) are associated with altered lipid metabolism, inflammation, and increased cardiovascular risk.</div></div><div>Obesity and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) are associated with altered lipid metabolism, inflammation, and increased cardiovascular risk.</div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This study evaluated the nutrigenomic effects of diets containing virgin flaxseed oil (VFO), compared with animal fat and soybean oil, on metabolic parameters, hepatic fatty acid (FA) profile, and expression of genes involved in lipid metabolism in diet-induced obese rats.</div></div><div>This study evaluated the nutrigenomic effects of diets containing virgin flaxseed oil (VFO), compared with animal fat and soybean oil, on metabolic parameters, hepatic fatty acid (FA) profile, and expression of genes involved in lipid metabolism in diet-induced obese rats.</div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Male Wistar rats received for 90 days either a control diet containing 4% soybean oil (S4, <em>n</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->6) or an obesogenic diet containing 20% fructose and 20% animal fat (OB, <em>n</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->24). Ethics Committees: # CE2020-64. At the end of this period, six animals from S4 and six from OB were euthanized. Remaining OB animals continued for 60 additional days with diets containing 4% soybean oil, animal fat, or VFO, forming OBS4 (<em>n</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->6), OBGA4 (<em>n</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->6), and OBVFO4 (<em>n</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->6). Anthropometric parameters, serum and hepatic triglycerides (TG), hepatic FA profile, and gene expression of enzymes and transcription factors were assessed by RT-qPCR.</div></div><div>Male Wistar rats received for 90 days either a control diet containing 4% soybean oil (S4, <em>n</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->6) or an obesogenic diet containing 20% fructose and 20% animal fat (OB, <em>n</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->24). Ethics Committees: # CE2020-64. At the end of this period, six animals from S4 and six from OB were euthanized. Remaining OB animals continued for 60 additional days with diets containing 4% soybean oil, animal fat, or VFO, forming OBS4 (<em>n</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->6), OBGA4 (<em>n</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->6), and OBVFO4 (<em>n</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->6). Anthropometric parameters, serum and hepatic triglycerides (TG), hepatic FA profile, and gene expression of enzymes and transcription factors were assessed by RT-qPCR.</div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>After 90 days, the OB diet increased energy intake, body weight, adipose tissue mass, and serum and hepatic TG levels (<em>P</em> <!--><<!--> <!-->0.05 vs. S4). At the hepatic level, reduced flux through stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1 (SCD1) was evidenced by decreased palmitoleic/palmitic and oleic/stearic acid ratios, along with an increased arachidonic acid/eicosapentaenoic acid ratio. In addition, decreased expression of genes involved in ","PeriodicalId":43722,"journal":{"name":"CAHIERS DE NUTRITION ET DE DIETETIQUE","volume":"61 ","pages":"Pages e16-e17"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149028291","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High-fat diet induced metabolic disruption and altered ovarian lipid profile without triggering overt inflammation in obese mice","authors":"Thaiane da Silva Rios, Susana Castelo Branco Ramos Nakandakari, Renan Fudoli Lins Vieira, Camila de Oliveira Ramos, Giovana Rios Gonçalves, Érika Pereira Zambalde, Fernando Moreira Simabuco, Adelino Sanchez Ramos da Silva, Eduardo Rochete Ropelle, José Rodrigo Pauli, Dennys Esper Cintra","doi":"10.1016/j.cnd.2026.08.080","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cnd.2026.08.080","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To investigate the effects of obesity induced by a high-fat diet on metabolic homeostasis and ovarian health in mice.</div></div><div>To investigate the effects of obesity induced by a high-fat diet on metabolic homeostasis and ovarian health in mice.</div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This study was approved by the UNICAMP Ethics Committee (#5671-1/2020 and #5300-1/2019). Six-week-old female Swiss mice (<em>n</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->5–9) were assigned to either a control normocaloric diet- CT or a high-fat diet–HF (modified AIN-93G; 35% fat derived from lard) for 16 weeks. Body weight and food intake were monitored weekly. Estrous cyclicity was evaluated by daily vaginal lavage with saline solution for 10 days at weeks 8 and 16. At the end of the experimental period, glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity were assessed. Ovarian tissues were collected for histological evaluation, gene and protein expression analyses (RT-qPCR and Western blot), and ovarian lipid profiling by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry method. Statistical analyses were performed using Student's <em>t</em>-test or Mann-Whitney test (<em>P</em> <!--><<!--> <!-->0.05).</div></div><div>This study was approved by the UNICAMP Ethics Committee (#5671-1/2020 and #5300-1/2019). Six-week-old female Swiss mice (<em>n</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->5–9) were assigned to either a control normocaloric diet- CT or a high-fat diet–HF (modified AIN-93G; 35% fat derived from lard) for 16 weeks. Body weight and food intake were monitored weekly. Estrous cyclicity was evaluated by daily vaginal lavage with saline solution for 10 days at weeks 8 and 16. At the end of the experimental period, glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity were assessed. Ovarian tissues were collected for histological evaluation, gene and protein expression analyses (RT-qPCR and Western blot), and ovarian lipid profiling by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry method. Statistical analyses were performed using Student's <em>t</em>-test or Mann-Whitney test (<em>P</em> <!--><<!--> <!-->0.05).</div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>HF-fed mice showed increased caloric intake, body weight, adiposity, and waist circumference compared to CT. Despite these changes, no differences were observed in fasting glycemia, glucose tolerance, or insulin sensitivity. However, HF-fed mice exhibited compensatory metabolic adaptation, maintaining glucose homeostasis at the expense of increased circulating insulin levels after 16 weeks. No significant differences were observed in follicle counts or estrous cyclicity; however, a subset of HF-fed mice exhibited cycle disruption, including cessation of cyclicity. Ovarian expression of inflammatory genes (<em>Tnfα</em>, <em>Ccl2</em>, <em>Nlrp3</em>, <em>Il1β</em>, <em>Il18</em>, <em>Casp1</em>, <em>Il10</em>) and related proteins showed no differences between groups. Notably, cleaved caspase-1 levels were increased exclusively in HF-fed mice. Additionally, HF-fed mice exhibite","PeriodicalId":43722,"journal":{"name":"CAHIERS DE NUTRITION ET DE DIETETIQUE","volume":"61 ","pages":"Pages e43-e44"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149028305","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Usefulness of postbiotics for the management of MAFLD. Mechanisms of action and therapeutic perspectives","authors":"Iñaki Milton Laskibar, Laura Arellano García, María Puy Portillo, Saioa Gomez Zorita","doi":"10.1016/j.cnd.2026.08.011","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cnd.2026.08.011","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) is the most common liver condition worldwide, being the leading cause of chronic liver disease. This liver condition encompasses a wide spectrum of liver alterations, from the relatively benign and reversible steatosis to more harmful stages including cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Often, MAFLD is associated to obesity, and gut microbiota alterations (commonly referred to as dysbiosis) stand out as etiological factor. Since no specific pharmacological treatment has been developed so far for the management of MAFLD, scientific community is constantly looking for new therapeutic tools. In this regard, the usage of probiotics has gained momentum since tackling MAFLD associated gut microbiota dysbiosis may help managing this liver condition. However, the administration of viable bacteria to vulnerable subjects may pose certain risks. In this context, scientific community has focused on postbiotics, which consist of non-viable microbial cells (usually obtained through heat-inactivation of probiotic bacteria) and crude cell extracts. Interestingly, the available literature indicates that bacterial viability is not essential to obtain beneficial health effects since specific bacterial components have been identified as drivers of such effects. Regarding the usefulness of postbiotics for MAFLD management, the available literature indicates that postbiotic administration is an effective approach reducing liver lipid content when administered alongside the stressor causing this liver condition. These effects are mainly driven by the upregulation of hepatic lipid oxidation as well as the downregulation of de novo lipogenesis and triglyceride assembly. Noteworthily, these beneficial effects have been observed in a wide variety of bacterial strains and in different experimental conditions (different dose and duration). Nonetheless, the majority of studies analysed the preventive effects of this approach (administration alongside steatotic diets) and thus further studies are needed to confirm its therapeutic effect (administration once the stressor causing MAFLD is not present). As for clinical studies, no data have been published yet mainly because the majority of studies are ongoing clinical trials. Altogether, the available scientific evidence indicates that postbiotic administration seems to be effective for the management of MAFLD.</div></div><div>Metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) is the most common liver condition worldwide, being the leading cause of chronic liver disease. This liver condition encompasses a wide spectrum of liver alterations, from the relatively benign and reversible steatosis to more harmful stages including cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Often, MAFLD is associated to obesity, and gut microbiota alterations (commonly referred to as dysbiosis) stand out as etiological factor. Since no specific pharmacological treatment has","PeriodicalId":43722,"journal":{"name":"CAHIERS DE NUTRITION ET DE DIETETIQUE","volume":"61 ","pages":"Page e7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149028463","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nitro-fatty acids formed during virgin olive oil consumption: Dependence on cultivar, fruit ripening, and polyphenols and their protective role in a NAFLD pathophysiology model","authors":"Beatriz Sánchez-Calvo, Mauricio Mastrogiovanni, Mellany Santos, Sofía Petingi, Adriana Cassina, Homero Rubbo, Andrés Trostchansky","doi":"10.1016/j.cnd.2026.08.024","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cnd.2026.08.024","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) consumption is a key contributor to the health benefits of the Mediterranean diet, particularly in mitigating metabolic disorders such as non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). During gastric digestion, the acidic environment promotes the reaction of olive oil-derived unsaturated fatty acids with dietary nitrite (NO<sub>2</sub><sup>–</sup>), generating electrophilic nitro-fatty acids (NO<sub>2</sub>-FAs), including nitro-oleic acid (NO<sub>2</sub>-OA) and nitro-conjugated linoleic acid (NO<sub>2</sub>-CLA). These molecules act as potent anti-inflammatory and cytoprotective signaling mediators. However, the influence of olive oil matrix components on gastric NO<sub>2</sub>-FA formation and their therapeutic relevance in NAFLD remains incompletely understood. To identify determinants of NO<sub>2</sub>-FA formation, two contrasting olive cultivars (Arbequina and Coratina) were evaluated at different ripening stages under in vitro gastric conditions, with particular focus on the roles of endogenous polyphenols and pigments. To assess their protective effects in vivo, a murine NAFLD model induced by a high-fat (HF) diet was supplemented with EVOO and nitrite. Mitochondrial function, tissue lipid accumulation, and cellular respiration were analyzed in fresh liver and heart biopsies. Gastric NO<sub>2</sub>-FA formation was strongly influenced by olive cultivar and matrix composition. In Coratina EVOO, NO<sub>2</sub>-FA production peaked at the intermediate ripening stage and remained unaffected by polyphenol depletion, likely due to high pigment levels that preserved nitration reactions. In contrast, Arbequina EVOO exhibited relatively constant nitration rates across ripening stages, but polyphenols were essential for directing reactions toward fatty acid nitration rather than lipid oxidation. In the NAFLD model, HF-fed mice exhibited markedly reduced plasma NO<sub>2</sub>-FA levels. Supplementation with EVOO plus nitrite restored circulating NO<sub>2</sub>-FA concentrations, significantly increased hepatic heme oxygenase-1 expression, and reduced body weight gain and hepatic lipid accumulation. Moreover, NO<sub>2</sub>-FA formation rescued mitochondrial dysfunction, improving respiratory parameters, increasing ATPase activity, and enhancing mitochondrial complex II and V activities in both hepatic and cardiac tissues. The generation of bioactive NO<sub>2</sub>-FAs from olive oil is a tunable process governed by cultivar selection, fruit maturity, and antioxidant composition. Once formed during digestion, these lipid mediators attenuate NAFLD progression by preserving mitochondrial function and reducing lipotoxicity. These findings identify NO<sub>2</sub>-FAs as key molecular mediators underlying the health benefits associated with olive oil consumption.</div></div><div>Extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) consumption is a key contributor to the health benefits of the Mediterranean diet, particularly in mitigating me","PeriodicalId":43722,"journal":{"name":"CAHIERS DE NUTRITION ET DE DIETETIQUE","volume":"61 ","pages":"Page e14"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149028563","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Blood multi-omics reveals Vasorin as a biomarker of cardiometabolic health in pediatric obesity","authors":"Álvaro Torres-Martos, Augusto Anguita-Ruiz, Francisco Javier Ruiz-Ojeda, Mireia Bustos-Aibar, Ángel Gil, Mercedes Gil-Campos, Gloria Bueno, Rosaura Leis, Jesus Alcala-Fdez, Concepcion M. Aguilera","doi":"10.1016/j.cnd.2026.08.034","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cnd.2026.08.034","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background/objective</h3><div>Early identification of cardiometabolic risk in children with obesity remains a major clinical challenge. Current classification approaches rely mainly on late-stage or indirect indicators, limiting their usefulness for timely personalized prevention. We aimed to identify molecular biomarkers associated with metabolic health and cardiometabolic risk during childhood and adolescence.</div></div><div>Early identification of cardiometabolic risk in children with obesity remains a major clinical challenge. Current classification approaches rely mainly on late-stage or indirect indicators, limiting their usefulness for timely personalized prevention. We aimed to identify molecular biomarkers associated with metabolic health and cardiometabolic risk during childhood and adolescence.</div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We conducted a multi-omic study integrating leukocyte genomic and epigenomic data (DNA methylation and genotyping arrays), whole-blood transcriptomics (bulk RNA-seq), and circulating protein measurements from three independent pediatric cohorts (3–18 years). The discovery cohort included 138 children with and without obesity followed prospectively from childhood to adolescence, representing diverse cardiometabolic trajectories. An independent cross-sectional validation cohort comprised 237 children and adolescents with overweight or obesity. Findings were complemented by visceral adipose tissue (VAT) gene expression analyses in a third cohort (<em>n</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->13). Molecular profiles were associated with insulin resistance, adiposity, lipid profile, fat distribution, and blood pressure. All studies were approved by the corresponding ethics committees (Córdoba: 01/2017, 260/3408; Santiago: 2011/198, 2016/522, 2020/501; Zaragoza: 12/2010, 22/2016, 24/2020; Granada: 01/2017, 01/2021).</div></div><div>We conducted a multi-omic study integrating leukocyte genomic and epigenomic data (DNA methylation and genotyping arrays), whole-blood transcriptomics (bulk RNA-seq), and circulating protein measurements from three independent pediatric cohorts (3–18 years). The discovery cohort included 138 children with and without obesity followed prospectively from childhood to adolescence, representing diverse cardiometabolic trajectories. An independent cross-sectional validation cohort comprised 237 children and adolescents with overweight or obesity. Findings were complemented by visceral adipose tissue (VAT) gene expression analyses in a third cohort (<em>n</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->13). Molecular profiles were associated with insulin resistance, adiposity, lipid profile, fat distribution, and blood pressure. All studies were approved by the corresponding ethics committees (Córdoba: 01/2017, 260/3408; Santiago: 2011/198, 2016/522, 2020/501; Zaragoza: 12/2010, 22/2016, 24/2020; Granada: 01/2017, 01/2021).</div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Vasorin (VASN) emerged as a robust biomarker of metabolic health across multipl","PeriodicalId":43722,"journal":{"name":"CAHIERS DE NUTRITION ET DE DIETETIQUE","volume":"61 ","pages":"Page e19"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149028564","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterization of metabolomic alterations in two stages of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) in an experimental animal model","authors":"Gisela Kuhn, Andrés Trostchansky, Verónica Gonzalez, Claudio Bernal, Jimena Lavandera","doi":"10.1016/j.cnd.2026.08.037","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cnd.2026.08.037","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>The present investigation study aimed to characterize metabolomic alterations associated with two stages of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) in a murine model fed a cafeteria (CAF) diet.</div></div><div>The present investigation study aimed to characterize metabolomic alterations associated with two stages of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) in a murine model fed a cafeteria (CAF) diet.</div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Male Wistar rats (Ethics Committee approval No. CE2021-85), were fed either a control (C) -AIN93M- or a CAF diet for 90 or 150 days (C90, C150, CAF90, and CAF150 groups). Nutriomic parameters related to obesity, hepatic steatosis, and inflammation were evaluated by analyzing (i) obesity indices: body weight -BW-, abdominal circumference -AC-, body mass -BMI-, and Lee indexes; (ii) macro- and micro-steatosis by H&E staining, liver fibrosis (PSR); serum and hepatic triacylglycerol (TAG) and cholesterol (Chol) contents, and glycemia levels; (iii) hepatic gene expression related to lipogenesis, b-oxidation, fatty acids (FA) uptake and transport, and VLDL-TG synthesis determined by RT-qPCR; iv) FA profile by GC-FID and oxylipids levels associated with inflammatory status by HPLC-MS/MS. Data were analyzed by two-way ANOVA (diet<!--> <!-->×<!--> <!-->time), followed by Tukey's post hoc test. Statistical significance was set at <em>P</em> <!--><<!--> <!-->0.05.</div></div><div>Male Wistar rats (Ethics Committee approval No. CE2021-85), were fed either a control (C) -AIN93M- or a CAF diet for 90 or 150 days (C90, C150, CAF90, and CAF150 groups). Nutriomic parameters related to obesity, hepatic steatosis, and inflammation were evaluated by analyzing (i) obesity indices: body weight -BW-, abdominal circumference -AC-, body mass -BMI-, and Lee indexes; (ii) macro- and micro-steatosis by H&E staining, liver fibrosis (PSR); serum and hepatic triacylglycerol (TAG) and cholesterol (Chol) contents, and glycemia levels; (iii) hepatic gene expression related to lipogenesis, b-oxidation, fatty acids (FA) uptake and transport, and VLDL-TG synthesis determined by RT-qPCR; iv) FA profile by GC-FID and oxylipids levels associated with inflammatory status by HPLC-MS/MS. Data were analyzed by two-way ANOVA (diet<!--> <!-->×<!--> <!-->time), followed by Tukey's post hoc test. Statistical significance was set at <em>P</em> <!--><<!--> <!-->0.05.</div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>CAF90 showed marked micro- and macro-steatosis accompanied by increased hepatic TAG (20%), Chol (33%), and collagen deposition (79%). These alterations were further exacerbated in CAF150 group (465%, 463%, 124%, 19%, and 142%, respectively). The mechanisms involved in the progression of steatotic liver disease in CAF150 group were associated with reduced β-oxidation (PPARα: −37% and CPT1a: −42%) and impaired VLDL-TG secretion (MTTP: −21%), together with increased FA transport (FATP2: 5","PeriodicalId":43722,"journal":{"name":"CAHIERS DE NUTRITION ET DE DIETETIQUE","volume":"61 ","pages":"Page e21"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149028686","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of EPA-rich omega-3 supplementation on miR-122 expression in patients with MASLD: A randomized, double-blind, controlled clinical trial","authors":"Patrícia N. Soares, Lygia N. Barroso, Nathalie C. Leite, Cristiane A. Vilella-Nogueira, Renata Tavares, Wilza A.F. Peres","doi":"10.1016/j.cnd.2026.08.101","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cnd.2026.08.101","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>MicroRNA-122 (miR-122) plays a key role in the regulation of lipid metabolism and hepatic homeostasis. In metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), alterations in its expression have been associated with increased lipogenesis, insulin resistance, inflammation, and disease progression.</div></div><div>MicroRNA-122 (miR-122) plays a key role in the regulation of lipid metabolism and hepatic homeostasis. In metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), alterations in its expression have been associated with increased lipogenesis, insulin resistance, inflammation, and disease progression.</div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This randomized, double-blind, controlled clinical trial evaluated the effect of supplementation with 4<!--> <!-->g/day of EPA-rich omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFAs) in 52 patients with MASLD over a 6-month period. The following parameters were assessed: miR-122 expression by RT-qPCR; liver fibrosis and steatosis by transient elastography and non-invasive biomarkers; erythrocyte fatty acid incorporation; and lipid and glycemic profiles. Absolute changes (Δ values) between groups were compared using the Mann–Whitney test, and a <em>P</em>-value<!--> <!-->≤<!--> <!-->0.05 was considered statistically significant. The study protocol was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of HUCFF (approval No. 2.193.438).</div></div><div>This randomized, double-blind, controlled clinical trial evaluated the effect of supplementation with 4<!--> <!-->g/day of EPA-rich omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFAs) in 52 patients with MASLD over a 6-month period. The following parameters were assessed: miR-122 expression by RT-qPCR; liver fibrosis and steatosis by transient elastography and non-invasive biomarkers; erythrocyte fatty acid incorporation; and lipid and glycemic profiles. Absolute changes (Δ values) between groups were compared using the Mann–Whitney test, and a <em>P</em>-value<!--> <!-->≤<!--> <!-->0.05 was considered statistically significant. The study protocol was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of HUCFF (approval No. 2.193.438).</div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>After the intervention, a significant reduction in miR-122 expression was observed in both the placebo and intervention groups. Regarding erythrocyte n-3 fatty acid concentrations, a significant increase was observed in the supplemented group compared with the placebo group. Participants receiving omega-3 supplementation showed significant increases in docosapentaenoic acid (DPA) (<em>P</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.005), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) (<em>P</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.017), and total omega-3 index (<em>P</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.012), confirming adherence to and efficacy of the supplementation. No significant differences were observed between groups in liver disease-related parameters.</div></div><div>After the intervention, a significant reduction in miR-122 expression was ob","PeriodicalId":43722,"journal":{"name":"CAHIERS DE NUTRITION ET DE DIETETIQUE","volume":"61 ","pages":"Page e54"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149028578","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of the FTO rs9939609 polymorphism with obesity and postpartum weight retention in Brazilian women","authors":"José Guilherme de Santana Santos, Ana Sophia Soares Pessoa Nobre de Lacerda, Ana Clara Fonseca da Silva Gonçalves, Manuela Paz Barreto, Maria Luiza Azeredo Britto, Luiza Barreto Fonseca, Maira Coppola Auler, Felipe Rabelo Costa, Katherine Bittencourt Mendes Leitão de Jesus, Ana Carolina Proença da Fonseca, Karina dos Santos","doi":"10.1016/j.cnd.2026.08.058","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cnd.2026.08.058","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To investigate the association between the rs9939609 polymorphism of the FTO gene, obesity, and postpartum weight retention among women during the first year after childbirth.</div></div><div>To investigate the association between the rs9939609 polymorphism of the FTO gene, obesity, and postpartum weight retention among women during the first year after childbirth.</div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A cross-sectional study was conducted among adult women (=20 years) between 6 weeks and 12 months postpartum who had experienced a singleton pregnancy. Participants were recruited from a university hospital in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, between March 2024 and June 2026. Women who were pregnant at the time of data collection, diagnosed with HIV infection, or unable to complete the interview were excluded. Sociodemographic, clinical, obstetric, and anthropometric information was obtained through interviews and medical records. Postpartum weight retention (PPWR) was calculated as the difference between current weight and pre-pregnancy weight and was considered substantial when =5<!--> <!-->kg. Obesity was defined according to current body mass index. Genotyping of the rs9939609 polymorphism was performed using real-time PCR analysis of genomic DNA extracted from saliva samples. Associations were examined under codominant, dominant, and recessive genetic models, adopting a significance level of <em>P</em> <!--><<!--> <!-->0.05. The study was approved by the Research Ethics Committee (CAAE 70713423.8.0000.5258; approval no. 6.273.645).</div></div><div>A cross-sectional study was conducted among adult women (=20 years) between 6 weeks and 12 months postpartum who had experienced a singleton pregnancy. Participants were recruited from a university hospital in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, between March 2024 and June 2026. Women who were pregnant at the time of data collection, diagnosed with HIV infection, or unable to complete the interview were excluded. Sociodemographic, clinical, obstetric, and anthropometric information was obtained through interviews and medical records. Postpartum weight retention (PPWR) was calculated as the difference between current weight and pre-pregnancy weight and was considered substantial when =5<!--> <!-->kg. Obesity was defined according to current body mass index. Genotyping of the rs9939609 polymorphism was performed using real-time PCR analysis of genomic DNA extracted from saliva samples. Associations were examined under codominant, dominant, and recessive genetic models, adopting a significance level of <em>P</em> <!--><<!--> <!-->0.05. The study was approved by the Research Ethics Committee (CAAE 70713423.8.0000.5258; approval no. 6.273.645).</div><div><h3>Preliminary results</h3><div>A total of 228 women were included. The prevalence of current obesity was significantly higher among women carrying the AA genotype (56.8%) compared with those carrying the TT or TA genotypes (39.7%) (<em>P</em> <!--","PeriodicalId":43722,"journal":{"name":"CAHIERS DE NUTRITION ET DE DIETETIQUE","volume":"61 ","pages":"Pages e32-e33"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149028196","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Disordered eating behaviors are correlated with leptin-related gene expression patterns and increased adiposity in women with systemic lupus erythematosus","authors":"Jhulia Caroline Nunes Leal da Mota, Beatriz Garcia Carvalho, Amanda Alves Ribeiro, Lucas Moura Carvalho, Bruno Gualano, Eduardo Ferreira Borba, Carolina Nicoletti Ferreira Fino","doi":"10.1016/j.cnd.2026.08.099","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cnd.2026.08.099","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>This study aimed to investigate the association between disordered eating behaviors, leptin (<em>LEP</em>) gene expression, serum leptin levels, and body composition parameters in women with SLE.</div></div><div>This study aimed to investigate the association between disordered eating behaviors, leptin (<em>LEP</em>) gene expression, serum leptin levels, and body composition parameters in women with SLE.</div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Twenty-nine women (age 36.52<!--> <!-->±<!--> <!-->5.64 years) with SLE in remission (Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Disease Activity Index [SLEDAI]<!--> <!-->≤<!--> <!-->4) were included in this cross-sectional analysis. The study was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo (Certificate of Presentation for Ethical Consideration No. 86418824.6.0000.0068). Eating behavior was assessed using the Disordered Eating Attitude Scale (DEAS). Body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), fat mass percentage (FM), serum leptin levels, and LEP gene expression were analyzed. Correlations between variables were evaluated using Spearman's correlation.</div></div><div>Twenty-nine women (age 36.52<!--> <!-->±<!--> <!-->5.64 years) with SLE in remission (Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Disease Activity Index [SLEDAI]<!--> <!-->≤<!--> <!-->4) were included in this cross-sectional analysis. The study was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo (Certificate of Presentation for Ethical Consideration No. 86418824.6.0000.0068). Eating behavior was assessed using the Disordered Eating Attitude Scale (DEAS). Body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), fat mass percentage (FM), serum leptin levels, and LEP gene expression were analyzed. Correlations between variables were evaluated using Spearman's correlation.</div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Higher DEAS scores were positively associated with LEP expression (<em>r</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.646; <em>P</em> <!--><<!--> <!-->0.001), serum leptin levels (<em>r</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.492; <em>P</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.007), BMI (<em>r</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.580; <em>P</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.001), WC (<em>r</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.554; <em>P</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.002), and FM (<em>r</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.445; <em>P</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.016).</div></div><div>Higher DEAS scores were positively associated with LEP expression (<em>r</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.646; <em>P</em> <!--><<!--> <!-->0.001), serum leptin levels (<em>r</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.492; <em>P</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.007), BMI (<em>r</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.580; <em>P</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.001), WC (<em>r</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.554; <em>P</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.002), and FM (<em>r</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.445; <em>P</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.016).</div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Higher disordered eating behavior scores were positively corr","PeriodicalId":43722,"journal":{"name":"CAHIERS DE NUTRITION ET DE DIETETIQUE","volume":"61 ","pages":"Page e53"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149028201","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between the rs17782313 polymorphism near the MC4R gene, ultra-processed food consumption, and postpartum weight retention: Preliminary results","authors":"Felipe Rabelo Costa, Ana Sophia Soares Pessoa Nobre de Lacerda, Ana Clara Fonseca da Silva Gonçalves, Manuela Paz Barreto, Maria Luiza Azeredo Britto, Luiza Barreto Fonseca, Maira Coppola Auler, Katherine Bittencourt Mendes Leitão de Jesus, José Guilherme de Santana Santos, Ana Carolina Proença da Fonseca, Karina dos Santos","doi":"10.1016/j.cnd.2026.08.052","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cnd.2026.08.052","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To investigate the association between the MC4R rs17782313 polymorphism, ultra-processed food (UPF) consumption, and postpartum weight retention (PPWR).</div></div><div>To investigate the association between the MC4R rs17782313 polymorphism, ultra-processed food (UPF) consumption, and postpartum weight retention (PPWR).</div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This study included adult women (=20 years) between 6 and 12 months postpartum whose most recent pregnancy resulted in a singleton birth. Participants were recruited at Gaffrée e Guinle University Hospital (HUGG), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, between March 2024 and October 2025. Women who were pregnant at the time of data collection, diagnosed with HIV infection, or unable to complete the interview were excluded. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire covering sociodemographic characteristics and clinical and obstetric history. UPF consumption on the previous day was assessed according to the Brazilian Ministry of Health guidelines. Weight and height were measured, while pre-pregnancy weight was self-reported. PPWR was calculated as the difference between current and pre-pregnancy weight. Genotyping of the rs17782313 polymorphism was performed by real-time PCR using genomic DNA extracted from saliva samples. Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS version 25. Continuous variables were described as medians and interquartile ranges (IQR) and compared using the Mann-Whitney U test. Categorical variables were expressed as frequencies and compared using Pearson's chi-square test. Statistical significance was set at <em>P</em> <!--><<!--> <!-->0.05. The study was approved by the Research Ethics Committee (CAAE 70713423.8.0000.5258; approval no. 6.273.645).</div></div><div>This study included adult women (=20 years) between 6 and 12 months postpartum whose most recent pregnancy resulted in a singleton birth. Participants were recruited at Gaffrée e Guinle University Hospital (HUGG), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, between March 2024 and October 2025. Women who were pregnant at the time of data collection, diagnosed with HIV infection, or unable to complete the interview were excluded. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire covering sociodemographic characteristics and clinical and obstetric history. UPF consumption on the previous day was assessed according to the Brazilian Ministry of Health guidelines. Weight and height were measured, while pre-pregnancy weight was self-reported. PPWR was calculated as the difference between current and pre-pregnancy weight. Genotyping of the rs17782313 polymorphism was performed by real-time PCR using genomic DNA extracted from saliva samples. Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS version 25. Continuous variables were described as medians and interquartile ranges (IQR) and compared using the Mann-Whitney U test. Categorical variables were expressed as frequencies and compared using Pearson's chi-square test. S","PeriodicalId":43722,"journal":{"name":"CAHIERS DE NUTRITION ET DE DIETETIQUE","volume":"61 ","pages":"Pages e29-e30"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149028295","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}