Clinical Optometry最新文献

{"title":"OculoMotor Assessment Tool: Children Compared with Adults","authors":"Rachel Eichler, Gila Mivtachi, Dina Hershkovitz-Azoulay, M. Scheiman, Hadas Ben-Eli","doi":"10.2147/OPTO.S364516","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/OPTO.S364516","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose To provide additional normative data for the OculoMotor Assessment Tool (OMAT) for horizontal and vertical saccades and vergence jumps and to compare the results of children to adults. Methods Participants with visual acuity of logMAR ≥0.0 (6/6) and Randot stereopsis of at least 250 sec of arc without binocular disorders were recruited. Horizontal and vertical saccades, near point of convergence (NPC), accommodation and vergence jumps were evaluated using the OMAT. Means and standard deviations were reported for all parameters in children and adults. Results A total of 52 participants (ages 9–34, mean age 17.5 ± 7.2 years) participated in this study. Statistically significant differences were found for horizontal and vertical saccades with lower mean results in children, aged 9–18 (111.5 ± 20.9 and 112.5 ± 22.7, respectively) compared to adults, aged 19–34 (131.6 ± 23.9 and 126.2 ± 24.2, respectively) (P = 0.002 and 0.04, respectively). The mean of the last 30 seconds of both horizontal and vertical saccades were statistically significantly lower in the children’s group (52.5 ± 10.6 and 52.1 ± 11.3, respectively) compared to the adults (63.2 ± 10.2 and 59.3 ± 13.4, respectively) (P = 0.001 and 0.04, respectively). The normative values for horizontal and vertical saccades were 119.6 ± 23.9 and 118.1 ± 24.1 saccades per minute, respectively. NPC break and recovery were 2.3 ± 2.3cm and 3.0 ± 3.3cm, respectively. The vergence jumps assessment was 79.3 ± 21.19 movements per minute. Conclusion Normative values for the OMAT test were found in this study for children and adults. Assessment of endurance found children norms significantly lower for horizontal and vertical saccades compared to adults.","PeriodicalId":43701,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Optometry","volume":"14 1","pages":"75 - 81"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2022-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49431317","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characteristics of Visual Impairment and the Impact of Low Vision Assessment in a Tertiary Academic Hospital in Jordan.","authors":"Nakhleh Abu-Yaghi, Jehad Meqbil, Zuhair Sharif, Layth Helwa, Mahmood Al-Imam, Zeina Abumanneh","doi":"10.2147/OPTO.S364010","DOIUrl":"10.2147/OPTO.S364010","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This project aims to describe the characteristics of patients with visual impairment referred from a tertiary academic hospital in Jordan for a comprehensive low vision evaluation and to study its impact on their functional needs.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective analysis of the records of 108 patients from the ophthalmology clinic at Jordan University Hospital over the period from January 2014 to December 2018 was performed. Gathered information included age, gender, clinical diagnosis, family history of ocular disease, and type of low vision aid prescribed and its impact on patients' functional needs.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean age was 44.64 years (range 4-88). Most participants were in the 19-60 years age group (50.0%). Fifty percent of the participants were the offspring of consanguineous marriages. The main cause of visual impairment in this cohort was retinitis pigmentosa, followed by diabetic retinopathy. The majority of low vision aids were prescribed for near distance tasks, and reading spectacles were the most prescribed visual aid. Eighty-nine percent of patients reported functional improvement and retained their visual aids upon follow-up.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Retinitis pigmentosa was the main cause of visual impairment in this cohort of patients referred from a tertiary academic hospital for low vision assessment. We report a consanguinity rate of 50%. The overwhelming majority of patients reported functional improvement and retained their visual aids upon follow-up. Awareness and integration of low vision services into a multidisciplinary approach and improving referral protocols is essential to better address the needs of patients with visual impairment. Familial counselling regarding consanguineous marriages and emerging research to treat inherited retinal diseases should be pursued.</p>","PeriodicalId":43701,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Optometry","volume":"14 1","pages":"67-74"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2022-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9017693/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48170387","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Wear Experience of a Water Surface Daily Disposable Contact Lens in Existing Silicone Hydrogel Planned Replacement Lens Wearers [Corrigendum]","authors":"Ryan Rutschilling, J. Fogt","doi":"10.2147/opto.s368849","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/opto.s368849","url":null,"abstract":"[This corrects the article DOI: 10.2147/OPTO.S353666.].","PeriodicalId":43701,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Optometry","volume":"14 1","pages":"45 - 46"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49082723","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"How Can We Best Measure the Performance of Scleral Lenses? Current Insights","authors":"R. Macedo-De-Araújo, Daddi Fadel, M. Barnett","doi":"10.2147/OPTO.S284632","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/OPTO.S284632","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Scleral lenses (SLs) present several unique advantageous characteristics for patients. As these lenses are mainly fitted in severely diseased eyes, a thorough evaluation of the ocular surface before and after SL fitting and the on-eye SL fitting evaluation are essential and help minimize potential physiological complications. This review will explore the current and emerging techniques and instrumentation to best measure SL performance ensuring optimal lens fitting, visual quality, comfort and physiological responses, highlighting some potential complications and follow-up recommendations. A single physician could perform the great majority of evaluations. Still, the authors consider that the assessment of SL fitting should be a collaborative and multidisciplinary job, involving contact lens practitioners, ophthalmologists and the industry. This publication has reviewed the most up-to-date work and listed the most used techniques; however, the authors encourage the development of more evidence-based recommendations for SL clinical practice.","PeriodicalId":43701,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Optometry","volume":"14 1","pages":"47 - 65"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42296887","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence and Factors Associated with Myopia Among High School Students in Hawassa City, South Ethiopia, 2019","authors":"E. Gebru, Kidus Ayichluhem Mekonnen","doi":"10.2147/OPTO.S308617","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/OPTO.S308617","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose Myopia is one of the avoidable causes of visual impairment. Twenty-seven percent of the world population were myopic in 2010 and after 30 years it is expected half of the peoples in the planet will become myopic. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and factors associated with myopia among high school students. Materials and Methods A cross-sectional school-based study design using stratified simple random sampling technique was used to select 349 high school students from 21 high schools in Hawassa city. The study was conducted from April 24 to May 7, 2019. Structured questionnaire, six meter Snellen visual acuity chart, trial frame, trial set, retinoscope and cyclopentolate 1% eye drops were used to collect data. Data were analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) version 20 computer software. Variables having p-value <0.05 in multivariate logistic regression were considered as statistically significant. Results A total of 349 participants having a response rate of 97% were involved with the mean age of 16.90±1.32 years. Prevalence of myopia was 16.05% (95%CI: 12.6, 20.1). Early age of schooling (adjusted odds ratio, AOR=3.14; 95%CI: 1.16, 10.06), parents being myopic (AOR=8.46; 95%CI: 7.11, 12.08), prolonged near work (AOR=11.65; 95%CI: 2.11, 64.5), short working distance (AOR=10.90; 95%CI: 0.57, 20.55), lack of outdoor sport activities (AOR=7.37; 95%CI: 2.71, 20.03) and visual display unit (VDU) usage (AOR=8.36; 95%CI: 2.39, 29.33) were variables significantly associated with myopia. Conclusion and Recommendations The prevalence of myopia was high in the study area. Early age of schooling, parents being myopic, prolonged near work, short working distance, lack of outdoor sport activities, and visual display unit usage were variables significantly associated with myopia. There should be strategies to prevent visual impairments secondary to myopia with affordable optical corrections and appropriate use of visual display units.","PeriodicalId":43701,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Optometry","volume":"14 1","pages":"35 - 43"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41637916","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Wear Experience of a Water Surface Daily Disposable Contact Lens in Existing Silicone Hydrogel Planned Replacement Lens Wearers","authors":"Ryan Rutschilling, J. Fogt","doi":"10.2147/OPTO.S353666","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/OPTO.S353666","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose The health benefits of silicone hydrogel lens materials and a daily replacement modality have been demonstrated in previous studies; however, existing planned replacement lens wearers may resist changing to a new lens replacement schedule. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the wear experience of satisfied planned replacement silicone hydrogel wearers when refit into a silicone hydrogel daily disposable lens. Patients and Methods In this open-label, non-comparison study, satisfied wearers of two week planned replacement contact lenses were evaluated for inclusion criteria and refit with optimized prescriptions in their habitual lenses. At a follow-up visit one week later, participants were refit with the study daily disposable lenses and completed visual analog scale (VAS) surveys of initial quality of vision, comfort, and satisfaction. Participants returned for a final visit after two weeks of wearing the study daily disposable lenses. At the final visit, VAS surveys for both overall and end of day (EOD) vision, comfort, and dryness were completed. Overall median and interquartile range (IQR) were assessed for all surveys in the study. Results Thirty individuals completed the study (29.1 ± 7.8 years old; 19 female). Median (IQR) results for the initial impression VAS surveys were 92.50(11.75) for quality of vision, 92.50(18.00) for comfort, and 93.00(18.00) for satisfaction. Final VAS survey results revealed median scores of 87.50(25.00) for EOD quality of vision and 82.50(51.25) for EOD comfort. The median overall quality of vision was 91.00(17.00) and overall comfort was 93.00(28.50). Median (IQR) overall dryness was 28.50(49.00) and median EOD dryness was 30.50(64.25). Conclusion The findings of this study suggest that providers can successfully refit satisfied wearers of early generation silicone hydrogel planned replacement lenses into a new generation silicone hydrogel daily disposable lens while maintaining satisfaction.","PeriodicalId":43701,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Optometry","volume":"14 1","pages":"27 - 34"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47481158","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Review of Ocular Complications Associated with Medications Used for Anxiety, Depression, and Stress","authors":"P. Constable, Dalia Al-Dasooqi, Rhiannon Bruce, Mallika Prem-Senthil","doi":"10.2147/OPTO.S355091","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/OPTO.S355091","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This review of commonly prescribed psychotropic drugs aims to update the clinician on possible ophthalmic side effects that may include dry eye, diplopia, mydriasis, and cataracts. This review summarizes our current knowledge of known ocular side effects of psychotropic drugs based on reviews, case reports, case-control studies, a case series, and cross-sectional observational studies reported in the recent literature. The review covers disorders related to depression, anxiety, and stress which are commonly encountered within society and can have debilitating impacts on an individual’s quality of life that may require chronic therapeutic management. The main medications used in the treatment and management of these conditions typically target receptors, metabolic enzymes, or transport pumps that alter the pre- and/or post-synaptic levels of neurotransmitters such as serotonin, norepinephrine, dopamine, gamma-aminobutyric acid, and opioids to improve mood and/or relieve pain and anxiety. Novel non-therapeutic options are undergoing clinical trials, and some patients may seek alternative therapies or have associated substance abuse issues to alleviate their symptoms. This review summarizes some of the clinical signs of depression and the main therapeutic options and their reported ocular side effects which may be pertinent today given the rise in use of psychotropic medications used to manage depression, anxiety, and stress.","PeriodicalId":43701,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Optometry","volume":"14 1","pages":"13 - 25"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2022-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41655654","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"OSDI Outcomes Based on Patient Demographic and Wear Patterns in Prosthetic Replacement of the Ocular Surface Ecosystem.","authors":"Bita Asghari,&nbsp;Daniel Brocks,&nbsp;Karen G Carrasquillo,&nbsp;Estelle Crowley","doi":"10.2147/OPTO.S337920","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/OPTO.S337920","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To evaluate the impact of prosthetic replacement of the ocular surface ecosystem (BostonSight PROSE) treatment on symptom outcomes based on the Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI).</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>This was a single-center, retrospective analysis of consecutive patients who initiated PROSE treatment between September 2017 and December 2019 by the same clinician. The primary outcome measure was to compare OSDI survey scores at baseline prior to PROSE treatment and at follow-up, after PROSE treatment. Indication for treatment, sex, age, device diameter, average wear time, preexisting mental illness, duration of PROSE wear, and status of PROSE wear at follow-up were also studied.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 134 patients underwent PROSE treatment and completed a baseline OSDI survey during the study period. Forty-three patients completed a follow-up OSDI survey and were included in the study analysis. The most common treatment indications were keratoconjunctivitis sicca (n=27) and corneal ectasia (n=16). Baseline average OSDI score was 56.9±23.7 for the 43 subjects who completed a subsequent OSDI survey. The last documented average follow-up OSDI for those 43 subjects was 23.8±15.6, median (IQR) of 22.9 (10.4 to 32.3), and a statistically significant 54.7±27.6% average improvement from baseline (<i>p</i><0.01). All patients, except for two, showed improvement in OSDI score. Statistically significant improvement occurred regardless of underlying diagnosis with no statistically significant difference based on age, sex, mental illness, or device diameter and no statistical correlation with average wear time, or duration of PROSE wear.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>PROSE treatment improves visual function and symptom relief as demonstrated by the OSDI survey. Sex, age, preexisting mental illness, device diameter, average wear time, and duration of wear had no statistically significant impact on OSDI outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":43701,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Optometry","volume":" ","pages":"1-12"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2022-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/17/df/opto-14-1.PMC8760101.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39947325","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effect of Home-Based Dichoptic Therapy on Young Adults with Non-Strabismic Anisometropic Amblyopia on Stereo Acuity [Letter].","authors":"Robert Arnold","doi":"10.2147/OPTO.S400270","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/OPTO.S400270","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":43701,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Optometry","volume":"14 ","pages":"249-250"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/3c/78/opto-14-249.PMC9760063.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10413615","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Scleral Tonometry Precision During Scleral Lens Wear: A Pilot Study.","authors":"Allen Y Ganjei,&nbsp;Gabriel G L Shlager,&nbsp;Daniel Brocks","doi":"10.2147/OPTO.S339411","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/OPTO.S339411","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To evaluate the reproducibility, and therefore the utility, of using traditional tonometry devices for measuring intraocular pressure (IOP), while a prosthetic replacement of the ocular surface ecosystem device (PD) or scleral lens is applied to the eye.</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>Twenty subjects (40 eyes) with keratoconus were enrolled. With PD applied, the first 10 consecutive patients had IOP measured multiple times with a handheld tonometer (Tono-Pen AVIA, Reichert, Depew, NY) on the superotemporal sclera 1 mm posterior to the PD edge. This identical procedure was repeated for the next 10 consecutive patients with a pneumatonometer (Model 30, Reichert, Depew, NY). Once three reliable measurements, as defined by the study protocol, were obtained for an eye, the procedure was repeated with the same tonometer device on the fellow eye.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean standard deviation for reliable IOP measurements was ±2.92 mmHg, median (IQR) of 2.62 (1.68 to 3.53) mmHg in the handheld tonometer group and ±1.98 mmHg in the pneumatonometer group. There was no statistically significant difference between the groups (p = 0.07). The mean IOP range for the reliable IOP measurements was 5.5 ± 3.80 mmHg, median (IQR) of 5 (3 to 7) mmHg for the handheld tonometer group and 3.71 ±1.12 mmHg in the pneumatonometer group. There was no statistically significant difference between the groups (p = 0.06).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Handheld tonometry and pneumatonometry have poor reproducibility when used to measure scleral IOP in keratoconus patients, while a PD is applied to the eye. An alternative research model and methodology should be investigated and confirmed to have precision prior to proceeding with further analysis of any relationship between scleral lens wear and IOP.</p>","PeriodicalId":43701,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Optometry","volume":"13 ","pages":"341-350"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2021-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/99/8a/opto-13-341.PMC8725838.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39888935","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}