Nada M. Yakout, Dina M Abdallah, Doaa A Abdelmonsif, Hassan Mahmoud Kholosy, Omayma Elsakka
{"title":"Immunohistochemical Detection of BRAFV600E in Cutaneous Melanocytic Neoplasms in a Cohort of Egyptian Population","authors":"Nada M. Yakout, Dina M Abdallah, Doaa A Abdelmonsif, Hassan Mahmoud Kholosy, Omayma Elsakka","doi":"10.31557/apjcc.2022.7.4.747-751","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31557/apjcc.2022.7.4.747-751","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Melanocytic neoplasia shows different pathways that have been implicated in tumorigenesis. One of the key genes involved in the BRAFV600E gene, can be detected through DNA-based or protein-based tests including immunohistochemistry (IHC). To check its reproducibility, this study was conducted to evaluate BRAFV600E IHC by different observers in a range of melanocytic neoplasms. Methods: The present study was performed to evaluate immunohistochemical staining (IHC) using the RM-08 to detect BRAF V600E in 50 formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) blocks of different melanocytic neoplasms after bleaching using Tris-HCL buffer. IHC was considered positive when more than 90% of tumour cells showed cytoplasmic staining. IHC assessment by a team of two pathologists and a third pathologist to check the interobserver variability. IHC scores were compared among nevi and melanoma. Results: IHC evaluation revealed good agreement by different observers (ĸ-coefficient=0.691, p=0.00). BRAFV600E showed a statistically significant difference between nevi and melanoma. Conclusions: These findings suggest that BRAFV600E IHC assessment shows good reproducibility among pathologists, however, more strict criteria should be adopted in interpretation, especially in bleached samples.","PeriodicalId":436394,"journal":{"name":"Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Care","volume":"116 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123158500","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"An Audit of Histopathology Reports of Invasive Breast Carcinomas with Reference to Adequacy and Amendments","authors":"Victoria Liza, G. Ravikumar, R. Tirumalae","doi":"10.31557/apjcc.2022.7.4.679-685","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31557/apjcc.2022.7.4.679-685","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Periodic auditing of histopathology report (HPR) of breast cancer, monitors compliance and increases the standards of reporting. This study was done to audit the completeness of breast cancer HPR in accordance with the CAP protocol and to analyse the amendments in tumour summaries. Methods: Retrospective review of HPR of invasive breast carcinoma resections from 2016-2020. Core (CE) and non-core elements (NCE) evaluated using CAP protocols. Outcome measures analyzed: (i) overall report completeness for CE (ii) element specific completeness for all reports. Amendments were reviewed. Results: Breast cancer reports included 246 resections. Most common histological variant was ductal type, NOS. Overall completeness was seen in 87%. Biomarker status was available in 83.1%. Reporting format was synoptic-like structured format. CAP protocol underwent five revisions between 2016-2019 with shifting of parameters between CE and NCE. Adequately represented CE: procedure, tumour size & type, Nottingham score, grade, stage, DCIS, margin status, lymph nodes and lymphovascular invasion. Less commonly reported CE: laterality, extent of involvement, size of largest metastatic deposit and extranodal extension. Frequently reported NCE: LVI, architecture/grade of DCIS, findings in adjacent breast. Biomarker reporting and treatment effect was complete in all reports. Amended reports were 4.8%. Majority were transcriptional errors. Conclusion: Common CE were satisfactorily represented in majority. Reasons for deficiencies were frequent change in CAP protocols and flexibility in synoptic-like structured format over synoptic format. The study underscores the need for periodic auditing of breast cancer summaries to monitor gaps in CE reporting. Synoptic reporting with additional free text field will improve compliance and overcome deficiencies.","PeriodicalId":436394,"journal":{"name":"Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Care","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129866398","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
N. Vinin, Joneetha Jones, T. Jithin, KG Gopakumar, A. Geethanjali, G. Muttath
{"title":"Radiotherapy for Pediatric Malignancies: An Experience from a Tertiary Cancer Centre","authors":"N. Vinin, Joneetha Jones, T. Jithin, KG Gopakumar, A. Geethanjali, G. Muttath","doi":"10.31557/apjcc.2022.7.4.675-678","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31557/apjcc.2022.7.4.675-678","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Incidences of pediatric malignancies are increasing. In management of various childhood malignancies like hematological, bone and soft tissue tumors radiotherapy plays a crucial role. RT treatment planning and delivery poses a challenge to clinicians. Hence with this study we wanted to know the radiotherapy practices in our institution. Materials and Methods: This was a retrospective study analyzing case records and RT charts of all pediatric malignancies who received radiation treatment for a period of 3 years from January 2018 to December 2021. Demographic details, RT details, toxicity details were carefully recorded. Results: Details of 73 pediatric malignancy cases who received RT were analyzed. Median age was 10 years and the majority were males (66%). Commonest malignancies which received RT treatment were ALL (30%), Brain tumors (26%) and bone and soft tissue tumors (22%). Radiotherapy was given as a part of radical intent treatment including neo adjuvant, definitive, adjuvant and prophylactic in 92% of patients. Conformal RT techniques in the form of 3DCRT and VMAT were used in majority (91%) cases. A significant proportion (27%) of cases required anesthesia for RT treatment delivery. 16% of patients had treatment break and common reasons for treatment break being infections (COVID, respiratory) and neutropenia. Grade 3 or more acute toxicities were observed in 14% of patients and hematological toxicity was the most frequent. Conclusion: Hematological and bone & soft tissue tumors are the most common pediatric malignancies requiring RT as a part of multimodality treatment. For RT treatment delivery anesthesia services may be required in pediatric malignancies. Acute Grade 3 or more toxicities and treatment breaks are a concern and these pediatric cases require a properly coordinated supportive care during treatment.","PeriodicalId":436394,"journal":{"name":"Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Care","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129575351","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
T. Tali, Fiza Amin, Javaid Ahmad, Aijaz Ahmad Khan
{"title":"Dosimetric Comparison of IMRT Versus 3DCRT for Post-mastectomy Chest Wall Irradiation: An Analytical Observational Study","authors":"T. Tali, Fiza Amin, Javaid Ahmad, Aijaz Ahmad Khan","doi":"10.31557/apjcc.2022.7.4.669-673","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31557/apjcc.2022.7.4.669-673","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: To compare the dose distribution of three-dimensional conformal radiation therapy (3DCRT) with intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) for post-mastectomy radiotherapy (PMRT) to left chest wall. Materials and Methods: 30 post-MRM female breast cancer patients with histologically confirmed infiltrating ductal carcinoma of unilateral left breast without evidence of distant metastasis or second malignancy were found eligible during January 2017 to December 2021. All patients received 45 Gy in 20 fractions. Planning target volume (PTV) parameters -D2, D98, Dmean, V95, and V107—homogeneity index (HI), and conformity index (CI) were compared. The mean doses of lung and heart, percentage volume of ipsilateral lung receiving 5 Gy (V5), 20 Gy (V20), and 49 Gy (V49) and that of heart receiving 5 Gy (V5), 25 Gy (V25), and 42 Gy (V42) were extracted from dose-volume histograms and compared. Results: PTV parameters were comparable between the two groups. CI was significantly improved with IMRT (1.118 vs. 1.224, p < 0.04) but HI was similar (0.0951 vs. 0.0962, p = 0.125) compared to 3DCRT. IMRT in comparison to 3DCRT significantly reduced the high-dose volumes of lung (V20, 24.52% vs. 29.62%; V49, 3.56% vs. 6.42%; p < 0.001) and heart (V25, 5.89% vs. 8.24%; V42, 1.64% vs. 6.12%; p < 0.001); mean dose of lung and heart (10.21 vs. 11.96 Gy and 3.86 vs. 7.42 Gy, respectively; p < 0.001).Conclusions: For left sided breast cancer, IMRT significantly improves the conformity of plan and reduce the mean dose and high-dose volumes of ipsilateral lung and heart compared to 3DCRT, but 3DCRT is superior in terms of low-dose volume. ","PeriodicalId":436394,"journal":{"name":"Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Care","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116244021","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Assessing Feasibility of Using Quality of Life Questionnaire in Head and Neck Cancer Patients Undergoing Palliative Radiation Therapy","authors":"Kanmani Velarasan, Deivanayagam Ramasundaram","doi":"10.31557/apjcc.2022.7.4.665-667","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31557/apjcc.2022.7.4.665-667","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Advanced head and neck cancer patients have distressing symptoms and bad prognosis. They have very limited treatment options. Radiation therapy in palliative intent appears to decrease symptoms. But there are limited data on palliative radiation therapy in relation to quality of life. Materials and methods: We conducted a pilot study to assess the feasibility of using quality of life questionnaire in patients undergoing palliative radiation therapy. Advanced head and neck cancer patients who are deemed incurable were recruited. Results: Out of 15 patients, 9 were males and 6 were females. 6 patients were in 51-60 years age group followed by 3 patients in 61-70 years age group. Significant improvement was seen in the physical domain at the end of radiotherapy course. Only 8 patients completed the questionnaire at 4, 8 and 12 weeks. 5 patients skipped the scheduled follow ups occassionally. Conclusion: There is a urgent need to devise a simple and validated tool for prognostication and to improve the quality of life. Intent of treating these patients should be according to patient directed goal of care.","PeriodicalId":436394,"journal":{"name":"Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Care","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"113969005","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Swallowing Dysfunction and its Impact on Patients Undergoing Oncological Treatment","authors":"S. Chaudhry, Zarmina Ehtesham","doi":"10.31557/apjcc.2022.7.4.691-694","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31557/apjcc.2022.7.4.691-694","url":null,"abstract":"The effectiveness of head and neck cancer HNC treatments has increased tumour survival, response, and loco-regional control. Treatment escalation does, however, also result in late early and early toxicities. One underrated symptom of HNC patients is dysphagia. Aspiration, dehydration, pneumonia, and malnutrition can all result from swallowing difficulties. About one-third of individuals with dysphagia required therapy for pneumonia. Undiagnosed dysphagia significantly lowers the quality of life, increased death, and caused severe morbidity. In this article, we emphasise the definition, underlying causes, and prognostic factors of dysphagia while also outlining some keys. Better symptoms and cancer therapy may result from a proper evaluation.","PeriodicalId":436394,"journal":{"name":"Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Care","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114875555","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Squamous Cell Bladder Cancer Associated with Large Bladder Stone: Literature Review and Its Case Report","authors":"S. Pramod, Ferry Safriadi, Rizqia Abyaksa","doi":"10.31557/apjcc.2022.7.4.763-767","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31557/apjcc.2022.7.4.763-767","url":null,"abstract":"Bladder cancer is the most common urinary tract malignancy. Radical cystectomy is preferred as gold standard therapy for non-metastatic SCC, reflected from better survival rates than other treatment options such as partial cystectomy, chemotherapy, and radiation. Several factors are associated with the occurrence of bladder cancer, including bladder stone and infection ; such conditions suggestively could cause chronic irritation on the bladder surface epithelial, causing cancerous lesion to arise. Several literatures have showed positive outcome of patients with bladder cancer that underwent radical cystectomy. Thus, it is recommended to be performed on bladder cancer cases. Hereby we present a case of a 50-years old male who underwent radical cystectomy and bilateral ureterocutaneoustomy after previous trans urethral resection of bladder tumor (TURB-T) due to squamous cell bladder cancer. At the time of admission, he had bladder stone that based on imaging result, has already penetrated adjacent tissues. We also conducted literature review to assess our case with the other reports regarding the outcome of radical cystectomy for bladder SCC.","PeriodicalId":436394,"journal":{"name":"Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Care","volume":"241 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115789159","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
D. Cristina G., Pandy Jessa Gilda P., Francia Marie Belle D.
{"title":"Internet-Based Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Depression and Anxiety Symptoms in Cancer: A Meta-Analysis","authors":"D. Cristina G., Pandy Jessa Gilda P., Francia Marie Belle D.","doi":"10.31557/apjcc.2022.7.4.695-700","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31557/apjcc.2022.7.4.695-700","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Depression and anxiety affect up to 20% of patients with cancer. Physical treatment and side effects are usually the only factors given attention to during treatment and recovery. Psychological distress can have deleterious effects in their quality of life, and may even affect healing. Treatment options for depression and anxiety are limited. One well-studied treatment is cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT). However, face-to-face treatment has been a challenge for the oncology team during this pandemic. Internet-based cognitive behavioral therapy (iCBT) can be a new means of dealing with cancer patients’ psychological health. Objective: To evaluate iCBT in alleviating depression and anxiety symptoms in patients with cancer. Methods: A systematic search of Pubmed, Embase, Cochrane, Clinical trials databases and hand search were utilized to identify randomized controlled trials (RCTs) investigating the role of iCBT in addressing psychological distress in cancer patients. Meta-analysis was conducted on 4 randomized controlled trials (N=548). All 4 studies were included for analysis. Psychological distress was measured as depression and anxiety based on the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) total scores. Results: There was a trend in improvement of anxiety and depression in the iCBT treatment group, however, it was not significant (p = 0.06). Due to substantial heterogeneity, subgroup analyses was done and showed improvement of anxiety and depression in patients with different cancer types and baseline psychological distress (p < 0.00001). Conclusion: The results indicate that iCBT can be a potential treatment option in cancer patients who exhibit baseline depression and anxiety, especially during this pandemic. More studies are needed to determine the efficacy of iCBT in cancer patients who are not clinically diagnosed with psychological disorders.","PeriodicalId":436394,"journal":{"name":"Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Care","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130030138","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sawmik Das, A. Sarma, B. Das, D. Sarma, R. Barman, M. Bhattacharyya, A. Kataki, A. Rai
{"title":"Analysis of Biochemical and Hematological Parameters During the First and Second Wave of SARS-CoV-2 Infection among North-East Indian Cancer Patients","authors":"Sawmik Das, A. Sarma, B. Das, D. Sarma, R. Barman, M. Bhattacharyya, A. Kataki, A. Rai","doi":"10.31557/apjcc.2022.7.4.637-642","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31557/apjcc.2022.7.4.637-642","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) affects respiratory airways as well as the kidneys, hearts etc. This study aims to demonstrate the impact of COVID-19 infection on biochemical and hematological parameters in cancer patients of North-East India. Methods: The study includes biochemical parameters for 907 and hematological parameters for 1103 cancer patients who were tested for COVID-19 between 1st June 2020 and 1st June 2021. All the data were analyzed by the statistical software SPSS (ver20). Results: AST (p = 0.023), GGT (p = 0.026) and Urea (p = 0.004) significantly increased in COVID-19 positive cancer patients compared to negative cancer patients. Eosinophils (p=0.01), eosinophils absolute (p=0.01), monocyte (p=0.04) and MCHC (p=0.01) were significantly decreased in COVID-19 positive cancer patients compared to negative. Various biochemical and haematological parameters analysed in our study were found to be altered between the COVID-19 positive and negative group but their association was not found to be statistically significant. Conclusion: We conclude that in cancer patients of North-East India, significant alterations of biochemical and hematological parameters AST, GGT, Urea, Eosinophils, eosinophils absolute, monocyte and MCHC were found in COVID-19 positive cancer patients compared to negative cancer patients.","PeriodicalId":436394,"journal":{"name":"Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Care","volume":"46 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114855639","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
N. Zongo, P. B. Yameogo, A. Ouédraogo, R. A. Djigemdé, A. Dem
{"title":"Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Breast, a Rare Entity: Report of Case from Ouagadougou/Burkina Faso and Review of the Literature","authors":"N. Zongo, P. B. Yameogo, A. Ouédraogo, R. A. Djigemdé, A. Dem","doi":"10.31557/apjcc.2022.7.4.751-753","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31557/apjcc.2022.7.4.751-753","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the breast is a rare tumour. Histology and immunohistochemistry are the key to diagnosis. Treatment is similar to other breast cancers. Its prognosis is poor. We report our first documented case with the aim of describing our diagnostic and therapeutic features. Case report: A 33-year-old married woman was presented with an ulcerated and oozing mass of the right breast that had been evolving for one year. The examination noted an 8 cm irregular mass attached to the skin which it ulcerated. It was necrotic and foul smelling. Pathological anatomy noted a carcinomatous proliferation centred by keratogenic maturation. Immunohistochemistry was positive for AE1 and AE3 antibodies. The tumour was classified as cT4bN1bM0. It was triple negative. We performed a mastectomy and an axillary curage. Three out of 16 nodes were invaded. She is currently undergoing well-tolerated chemotherapy. Conclusion: Squamous cell carcinoma of the breast is a rare histological entity. The diagnosis is late like other breast cancers in Ouagadougou. Its prognosis remains poor. This is why early diagnosis, a better knowledge of its histogenesis and profile are important in order to better codify its management. \u0000 ","PeriodicalId":436394,"journal":{"name":"Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Care","volume":"69 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121703585","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}