Zeitschrift Fur Sprachwissenschaft最新文献_第4页

Semantic maps and temperature: Capturing the lexicon-grammar interface across languages 语义图和温度：捕捉跨语言的词汇语法界面

IF 0.3 3区文学

Zeitschrift Fur Sprachwissenschaft Pub Date : 2022-06-01 DOI: 10.1515/zfs-2021-2042

Maria Koptjevskaja-Tamm

{"title":"Semantic maps and temperature: Capturing the lexicon-grammar interface across languages","authors":"Maria Koptjevskaja-Tamm","doi":"10.1515/zfs-2021-2042","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/zfs-2021-2042","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Traditionally, lexical typology has to a large extent been interested in lexical categorization of various cognitive domains (e. g., colour, perception, body), i. e., in how these are cut up by the most important words in a language, and in lexical motivation, or formal relatedness, i. e., in whether words for certain concepts are completely unrelated or related to others via polysemy or derivation (e. g., intransitive vs. transitive verbs, words for ‘day’ and ‘sun’, etc.). Grammatical behavior of words and morphosyntactic patterns as encoding meanings traditionally belong to grammatical typology. In this paper, I consider the domain of temperature and show how the close interaction between lexicon and grammar in the encoding of the temperature domain across languages calls for an integrated lexico-grammatical approach to these phenomena. As a useful tool for such an enterprise I suggest an elaborated semantic map comprising three layers – the layer specifying the words with the information on their mutual formal relations (i. e., whether they are identical, completely unrelated or related via derivation or inflection), their morphosyntactic properties (e. g., their part-of-speech affiliation, inflectional potential, etc.), and the constructions they occur in.","PeriodicalId":43494,"journal":{"name":"Zeitschrift Fur Sprachwissenschaft","volume":"41 1","pages":"125 - 177"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46837194","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Semantic maps of causation: New hybrid approaches based on corpora and grammar descriptions 因果关系的语义映射:基于语料库和语法描述的新混合方法

IF 0.3 3区文学

Zeitschrift Fur Sprachwissenschaft Pub Date : 2022-06-01 DOI: 10.1515/zfs-2021-2043

N. Levshina

引用次数: 7

New avenues and challenges in semantic map research (with a case study in the semantic field of emotions) 语义图研究的新途径和挑战（以情感语义领域为例）

IF 0.3 3区文学

Zeitschrift Fur Sprachwissenschaft Pub Date : 2022-06-01 DOI: 10.1515/zfs-2021-2039

T. Georgakopoulos, Stéphane Polis

引用次数: 4

Lexical typology and semantic maps: Perspectives and challenges 词汇类型学和语义映射:观点和挑战

IF 0.3 3区文学

Zeitschrift Fur Sprachwissenschaft Pub Date : 2022-06-01 DOI: 10.1515/zfs-2021-2046

E. Rakhilina, D. Ryzhova, Yulia Badryzlova

引用次数: 3

A diachronic semantic map of the Optative negative in Beja (North-Cushitic) 北库什语贝加语选性否定的历时语义图

IF 0.3 3区文学

Zeitschrift Fur Sprachwissenschaft Pub Date : 2022-06-01 DOI: 10.1515/zfs-2021-2047

M. Vanhove

引用次数: 2

Building semantic maps for closely related languages: Words for ‘grain’ and their kin in South Mande 为密切相关的语言构建语义图：南曼德语中“谷物”及其亲属的单词

IF 0.3 3区文学

Zeitschrift Fur Sprachwissenschaft Pub Date : 2022-03-18 DOI: 10.1515/zfs-2021-2045

Tatiana Nikitina

{"title":"Building semantic maps for closely related languages: Words for ‘grain’ and their kin in South Mande","authors":"Tatiana Nikitina","doi":"10.1515/zfs-2021-2045","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/zfs-2021-2045","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This study is an exercise in micro-scale comparison based on the semantic map approach. A semantic map is constructed for meanings associated with the word for ‘grain’ in four closely related South Mande languages: Dan Blowo, Tura, Mwan, and Wan. Although non-cognate, the words show remarkable similarity in their range of meanings, suggesting that newly introduced words are associated with the same networks of meanings as the words they come to replace. Differences between the languages boil down to the unavailability or reduced productivity of particular uses in one or two of the languages (Wan and to some extent Mwan). The original network is shown to have become significantly reduced in Wan, and to a lesser extent in Mwan. A major challenge in micro-comparison is due to the small sample size and the idiosyncratic nature of some of the semantic relationships, which together make it hard to explore the network’s internal structure. Language-internal evidence can occasionally be used to compensate for the missing evidence from large-scale typological sampling. Overall, the approach proves promising for research on the history of closely related languages and has the potential to help lexicographers and fieldworkers identify possible gaps in lexical descriptions.","PeriodicalId":43494,"journal":{"name":"Zeitschrift Fur Sprachwissenschaft","volume":"41 1","pages":"207 - 230"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43292485","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

On two mathematical representations for “semantic maps” 关于“语义图”的两种数学表示

IF 0.3 3区文学

Zeitschrift Fur Sprachwissenschaft Pub Date : 2022-03-09 DOI: 10.1515/zfs-2021-2040

W. Bruce Croft

{"title":"On two mathematical representations for “semantic maps”","authors":"W. Bruce Croft","doi":"10.1515/zfs-2021-2040","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/zfs-2021-2040","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract We describe two mathematical representations for what have come to be called “semantic maps”, that is, representations of typological universals of linguistic co-expression with the aim of inferring similarity relations between concepts from those universals. The two mathematical representations are a graph structure and Euclidean space, the latter as inferred through multidimensional scaling. Graph structure representations come in two types. In both types, meanings are represented as vertices (nodes) and relations between meanings as edges (links). One representation is a pairwise co-expression graph, which represents all pairwise co-expression relations as edges in the graph; an example is CLICS. The other is a minimally connected co-expression graph – the “classic semantic map”. This represents only the edges necessary to maintain connectivity, that is, the principle that all the meanings expressed by a single form make up a connected subgraph of the whole graph. The Euclidean space represents meanings as points, and relations as Euclidean distance between points, in a specified number of spatial dimensions. We focus on the proper interpretation of both types of representations, algorithms for constructing the representations, measuring the goodness of fit of the representations to the data, and balancing goodness of fit with informativeness of the representation.","PeriodicalId":43494,"journal":{"name":"Zeitschrift Fur Sprachwissenschaft","volume":"41 1","pages":"67 - 87"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42144176","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 6

The development of the apostrophe with proper names in Turkish 土耳其语专有名词撇号的发展

IF 0.3 3区文学

Zeitschrift Fur Sprachwissenschaft Pub Date : 2021-11-01 DOI: 10.1515/zfs-2021-2036

Javier Caro Reina, Işık Akar

{"title":"The development of the apostrophe with proper names in Turkish","authors":"Javier Caro Reina, Işık Akar","doi":"10.1515/zfs-2021-2036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/zfs-2021-2036","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In modern Turkish, the apostrophe is used to separate proper names from inflectional endings (İzmir’de ‘in İzmir’). This is not the case with inflected common nouns (şehirde ‘in the city’). In this respect, the apostrophe constitutes an instance of graphematic dissociation between proper names and common nouns. Interestingly, the apostrophe was originally employed to transliterate hamza and ayn in Arabic and Persian loanwords (san’at ‘art’). However, these loanwords gradually lost the apostrophe (sanat ‘art’). This implies that Turkish experienced a graphematic change whereby the apostrophe developed from a phonographic marker of glottal stop into a morphographic marker of morpheme boundaries in proper names. This refunctionalization process is illustrated by a diachronic corpus analysis based on selected issues of the newspaper Cumhuriyet from 1929–1975. The findings reveal that the use of the apostrophe with proper names was triggered by foreignness. More specifically, the apostrophe first occurred with foreign names to highlight morpheme boundaries (Eden’in ‘of Eden’) and then expanded to native names via animacy (Doğan’ın ‘of Doğan’).","PeriodicalId":43494,"journal":{"name":"Zeitschrift Fur Sprachwissenschaft","volume":"40 1","pages":"371 - 400"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2021-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41738090","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Alternative criteria for writing system typology 书写系统类型的可选标准

IF 0.3 3区文学

Zeitschrift Fur Sprachwissenschaft Pub Date : 2021-11-01 DOI: 10.1515/zfs-2021-2030

T. Joyce, D. Meletis

{"title":"Alternative criteria for writing system typology","authors":"T. Joyce, D. Meletis","doi":"10.1515/zfs-2021-2030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/zfs-2021-2030","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In essence, typologies of writing systems seek to classify the world’s diverse writing systems in principled ways. However, against backdrops of early, misguided assumptions (Gelb 1969 [1952]) and stubborn term confusions, most proposals have focused primarily on the dominant levels of representational mapping (i. e., morphemic, syllabic, or phonemic), despite their shortcomings as idealizations (Joyce 2016, forthcoming; Joyce and Borgwaldt 2011; Meletis 2018). In advocating for exploring a more diverse range of criteria, either as alternatives or complementary factors, this paper outlines a promising framework for organizing typology criteria (Meletis 2018; 2020), which consists of three broad categories; namely, (a) linguistic fit, (b) processing fit and (c) sociocultural fit. Linguistic fit concerns the match between a language and its writing system and, thus, relates closely to the traditional criterion of representational mapping. Processing fit pertains to the physiological and cognitive aspects of a writing system, such as word spacing. Finally, sociocultural fit addresses the communicative and social functions of writing systems, such as implementing orthographic reforms. In singling out a particular parameter from each category, the paper illustrates its potential application as a typology criterion with cross-linguistic observations from the German (GWS) and the Japanese writing systems (JWS).","PeriodicalId":43494,"journal":{"name":"Zeitschrift Fur Sprachwissenschaft","volume":"40 1","pages":"257 - 277"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2021-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42472127","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

The evolution of writing systems 书写系统的演变

IF 0.3 3区文学

Zeitschrift Fur Sprachwissenschaft Pub Date : 2021-11-01 DOI: 10.1515/zfs-2021-2048

S. Hartmann, J. Nowak, R. Szczepaniak

{"title":"The evolution of writing systems","authors":"S. Hartmann, J. Nowak, R. Szczepaniak","doi":"10.1515/zfs-2021-2048","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/zfs-2021-2048","url":null,"abstract":"Recent years have seen an increased interest in the investigation of graphemic systems both from a linguistic point of view and in a decidedly interdisciplinary perspective. Many different aspects have been addressed in the recent literature: the semiotic nature of writing systems (e. g. Morin et al. 2018), the emergence of writing systems in the realworld aswell as in laboratory settings (e. g. Garrod et al. 2010, Kelly et al. forthc.), neurocognitive processes determining the development of writing systems (e. g. Dehaene 2009), sociohistoric, cognitive, and cultural factors that influence diachronic changes in written language (e. g. Baddeley and Voeste 2012; Condorelli 2020), as well as the interface between writing, phonology and morphology (e. g. Fuhrhop and Schmidt 2014; Fuhrhop et al. 2017; Caro Reina and Engel 2020). This special issue of Zeitschrift für Sprachwissenschaft brings together typological, empirical, and cross-linguistic studies investigating the diachronic development of writing systems. It is based on the workshop of the same title held at the annual conference of the Deutsche Gesellschaft für Sprachwissenschaft (DGfS, the Linguistic Society of Germany), March 4–6, 2020, in Hamburg. The aim of the present special issue is to shed new light on the dynamics of graphemic systems, taking into account the interaction of written language with different linguistic and social settings. Covering a broad range of writing systems in both European andnon-European languages andat different diachronic stages, the contributions in this issue are situated within the central research fields of grapholinguistics: – the typology of writing systems, – linguistic, typographic, social and cultural factors in graphemic variation, – punctuation, from a diachronic and cross-linguistic perspective, – measuring graphemic variation.","PeriodicalId":43494,"journal":{"name":"Zeitschrift Fur Sprachwissenschaft","volume":"40 1","pages":"253 - 256"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2021-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44510044","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0