Journal of the World Federation of Orthodontists最新文献

{"title":"New regression equation for predicting post-treatment lower incisor position based on the pretreatment thickness of alveolar housing","authors":"Kutraaleeshwaran Velmurugan,&nbsp;Annapurna Kannan,&nbsp;Vignesh Kailasam","doi":"10.1016/j.ejwf.2025.03.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ejwf.2025.03.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>A regression model was formulated to assess the final lower incisor position based on its pretreatment alveolar bone housing. The objective of the study was to determine and quantify the thickness of alveolar bone in the mandibular incisor region using lateral cephalograms in skeletal Class I, Class II, and Class III patients. Formulate a calculated regression model on the final lower incisor based on its alveolar bone housing.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A retrospective analysis was conducted on 99 lateral cephalograms from patients with skeletal Class I, Class II, and Class III malocclusions. Digital tracing was performed to measure pretreatment alveolar bone thickness, including labial and lingual cortical thickness and alveolar spongiosa. A multivariate linear regression analysis was used to frame the equation. A one-way ANOVA and post hoc Scheffe tests were used to compare these variables across different skeletal classes and growth patterns.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The regression analysis identified pretreatment incisor mandibular plane angle (IMPA) (β = 0.33; <em>P</em> = 0.011) and pretreatment lingual cortical thickness (β = −7.15; <em>P</em> = 0.001) as significant predictors of post-treatment IMPA and a regression equation to predict the post-treatment IMPA was developed. The skeletal Class I patients with average growth patterns exhibited greater labial and lingual cortical thickness than other classes and growth patterns.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>A new regression model has been developed to predict post-treatment lower incisor position based on pretreatment alveolar housing. This model can enhance treatment planning and stability by accounting for individual anatomical variations. Clinicians should consider planning the post-treatment lower incisor position for a stable and successful treatment outcome.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":43456,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the World Federation of Orthodontists","volume":"14 4","pages":"Pages 221-226"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144044738","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"World Federation of Orthodontists social media guidelines: Ensuring accuracy, reliability, and objectivity in online orthodontic information","authors":"Narayan H Gandedkar ,&nbsp;Bryce PH Lee ,&nbsp;Valmy Pangrazio-Kulbersh ,&nbsp;Reem Alansari ,&nbsp;Jorge L Castillo ,&nbsp;Ricardo M Cruz ,&nbsp;Derya G Çakan ,&nbsp;Kelvin WC Foong ,&nbsp;Jae H Park ,&nbsp;Young G Park ,&nbsp;Aron Dellinger ,&nbsp;Letizia Perillo ,&nbsp;Allan R Thom ,&nbsp;Nikhillesh Vaiid","doi":"10.1016/j.ejwf.2025.06.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ejwf.2025.06.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The World Federation of Orthodontists (WFO) recognizes the growing impact of online media in shaping public understanding of orthodontics. In response to the proliferation of misinformation and disinformation, particularly on digital platforms, the WFO has developed comprehensive guidelines aimed at ensuring accuracy, objectivity, and ethical standards in online orthodontic content. These guidelines serve to inform WFO fellows and affiliates involved in creating or managing web-based orthodontic resources.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A detailed policy framework was established by the WFO to address key elements of digital communication. These include content definition, site ownership and access, payment structures, privacy protocols, sponsorship disclosures, funding transparency, and ethical advertising practices. Special emphasis was placed on promoting source verification, critical appraisal of content, and user engagement strategies to combat misinformation. The policy was developed through expert consensus and informed by best practices in health communication and evidence-based dentistry.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The guidelines provide a structured approach to enhancing the credibility and reliability of online orthodontic information. By delineating clear standards for ethical content creation and dissemination, the WFO aims to safeguard public trust and support informed decision-making. The policy addresses modern challenges posed by social media and other user-driven platforms, offering practical strategies for orthodontists to promote evidence-based information and patient education. A commitment to regular review ensures the framework remains adaptive to the evolving digital environment.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The WFO online content guidelines establish a robust foundation for ethical, accurate, and transparent communication in orthodontics. By adhering to these principles, WFO members and affiliates can actively contribute to reducing misinformation, enhancing patient understanding, and upholding the integrity of the profession. Ongoing updates will ensure alignment with technological advancements and emerging communication trends.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":43456,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the World Federation of Orthodontists","volume":"14 4","pages":"Pages 187-193"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144643787","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"David L Turpin, 1938-2025","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.ejwf.2025.07.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ejwf.2025.07.001","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":43456,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the World Federation of Orthodontists","volume":"14 4","pages":"Pages 246-247"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144749049","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Open bite treatment through delicate rotation of occlusal and mandibular planes with clear aligners: A case report","authors":"Yeerpan Ailikamu ,&nbsp;Xinyu Yan ,&nbsp;Xiaoyue Han ,&nbsp;Donger Lin ,&nbsp;Xi Zhao ,&nbsp;Wenli Lai ,&nbsp;Hu Long","doi":"10.1016/j.ejwf.2025.05.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ejwf.2025.05.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This case report presents a successful treatment of an 18-year-old male patient with skeletal open bite and mild dental crowding using clear aligners. The treatment plan involved a series of approaches: sequentially intruding the posterior teeth, extruding the maxillary anterior teeth, and implementing counterclockwise rotation of the mandibular plane and clockwise rotation of the occlusal plane to achieve desirable functional and esthetic outcomes. This comprehensive strategy resolved the anterior open bite and established Class I canine and molar relationships. After 2 years of treatment with a total of 64 (39 + 25) sets of clear aligners and a 1-year follow-up, all treatment objectives, including the resolution of open bite, proper alignment of teeth, mandibular repositioning, and improvement of lateral profile, were successfully achieved. This case demonstrates the effectiveness and advantages of clear aligners in treating anterior open bite. It not only provides a esthetically appealing and comfortable wearing experience, but also achieves remarkable outcomes in complex cases.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":43456,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the World Federation of Orthodontists","volume":"14 4","pages":"Pages 235-245"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144545389","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Performance in answering orthodontic patients’ frequently asked questions: Conversational artificial intelligence versus orthodontists","authors":"Xinlianyi Zhou ,&nbsp;Yao Chen ,&nbsp;Ehab A. Abdulghani ,&nbsp;Xu Zhang ,&nbsp;Wei Zheng ,&nbsp;Yu Li","doi":"10.1016/j.ejwf.2025.02.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ejwf.2025.02.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>Can conversational artificial intelligence (AI) help alleviate orthodontic patients’ general doubts? This study aimed to investigate the performance of conversational AI in answering frequently asked questions (FAQs) from orthodontic patients, with comparison to orthodontists.</div></div><div><h3>Materials and Methods</h3><div>Thirty FAQs were selected covering the pre-, during-, and postorthodontic treatment stages. Each question was respectively answered by AI (Chat Generative Pretrained Transformer [ChatGPT]-4) and two orthodontists (Ortho. A and Ortho. B), randomly drawn out of a panel. Their responses to the 30 FAQs were ranked by four raters, randomly selected from another panel of orthodontists, resulting in 120 rankings. All the participants were Chinese, and all the questions and answers were conducted in Chinese.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Among the 120 rankings, ChatGPT was ranked first in 61 instances (50.8%), second in 35 instances (29.2%), and third in 24 instances (20.0%). Furthermore, the mean rank of ChatGPT was 1.69 ± 0.79, significantly better than that of Ortho. A (2.23 ± 0.79, <em>P</em> &lt; 0.001) and Ortho. B (2.08 ± 0.79, <em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). No significant difference was found between the two orthodontist groups. Additionally, the Spearman correlation coefficient between the average ranking of ChatGPT and the inter-rater agreement was 0.69 (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.001), indicating a strong positive correlation between the two variables.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Overall, the conversational AI ChatGPT-4 may outperform orthodontists in addressing orthodontic patients’ FAQs, even in a non-English language. In addition, ChatGPT tends to perform better when responding to questions with answers widely accepted among orthodontic professionals, and vice versa.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":43456,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the World Federation of Orthodontists","volume":"14 4","pages":"Pages 202-207"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143721861","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Environmental footprints in orthodontics: The World Federation of Orthodontists’ white paper on sustainable practices, challenges and research imperatives","authors":"Theodore Eliades ,&nbsp;Samar M. Adel ,&nbsp;Sercan Akyalçin ,&nbsp;Phimon Atsawasuwan ,&nbsp;Kelvin WC. Foong ,&nbsp;Anastasia Hiskia ,&nbsp;Nearchos Panayi ,&nbsp;Nikolaos Silikas ,&nbsp;Veerasathpurush Allareddy ,&nbsp;Adith Venugopal ,&nbsp;Aron Dellinger ,&nbsp;Letizia Perillo ,&nbsp;Nikhillesh Vaiid","doi":"10.1016/j.ejwf.2025.06.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ejwf.2025.06.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This World Federation of Orthodontists (WFO) white paper addresses the escalating environmental impact of orthodontic practices, synthesizing expert perspectives on sustainable transformation. The paper critically evaluates the environmental footprints associated with orthodontic materials, energy consumption, and waste management across diverse global settings. It examines the impact of both traditional and emerging digital technologies, highlighting the challenges of material selection, recycling limitations, and energy-intensive procedures. Recommendations focus on adopting eco-friendly materials, minimizing resource consumption, promoting responsible waste disposal, and integrating digital workflows to improve efficiency. It emphasizes the need for standardized guidelines and collaborative efforts among orthodontists, researchers, manufacturers, and policymakers to achieve a more sustainable future for the profession. The discussions in this manuscript delve into various aspects, including material use, waste management, and potential avenues for sustainable transformation of orthodontic practices. The goal is to foster a collective commitment to reducing the environmental impact of orthodontics, ensuring a healthier planet for future generations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":43456,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the World Federation of Orthodontists","volume":"14 4","pages":"Pages 194-201"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144660698","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transparent, reproducible and trustworthy research reporting","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.ejwf.2025.07.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ejwf.2025.07.002","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":43456,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the World Federation of Orthodontists","volume":"14 4","pages":"Pages 185-186"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144749050","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biochemical and histopathological evaluation of rapid maxillary expansion in experimentally induced sinusitis: A controlled animal study","authors":"Esra Agaoglu Mogul ,&nbsp;Hasan Babacan ,&nbsp;Mehmet Tuzcu","doi":"10.1016/j.ejwf.2025.04.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ejwf.2025.04.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Rapid maxillary expansion (RME) is a commonly used orthopedic method in orthodontics that may influence upper airway physiology. However, its effects on inflammation in sinusitis have not been clearly identified. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of RME on experimentally induced sinusitis in rats using biochemical and histopathological markers.</div></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>To investigate the effects of RME on inflammatory cytokine levels (neopterin, IFN-γ, IL-6, TNF-α) and histopathological changes in rats with sinusitis. The secondary objective was to analyze histological changes in the sinus epithelium.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Thirty-two male rats were divided into four groups (Control, Sinusitis, RME, RME+Sinusitis). Sinusitis was induced using Staphylococcus aureus. RME was performed using a helical spring appliance applying 120 g force for 5 days, followed by a 10-day retention period. Serum cytokines were analyzed by ELISA. Histopathological evaluation was conducted on hematoxylin-eosin stained sections. One-way ANOVA and Tukey post hoc tests were used (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>RME significantly reduced neopterin, IL-6, and TNF-α levels in rats with sinusitis. Histopathological analysis showed decreased PMNL infiltration, fibroblast activity, and epithelial damage in the RME+Sinusitis group compared to the Sinusitis group.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>RME application reduced inflammation and tissue damage in rats with induced sinusitis, suggesting a potential therapeutic role in upper airway inflammatory conditions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":43456,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the World Federation of Orthodontists","volume":"14 4","pages":"Pages 215-220"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144133158","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Role of the rs6184 growth hormone receptor gene polymorphism in mandibular morphogenesis","authors":"Ashwin Mathew George ,&nbsp;Vijayashree Priyadharsini Jayaseelan ,&nbsp;A. Sumathi Felicita ,&nbsp;Rebekah Raju ,&nbsp;Aravind Kumar Subramanian","doi":"10.1016/j.ejwf.2025.02.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ejwf.2025.02.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Polymorphisms in the growth hormone receptor (GHR) gene influence the craniofacial system by affecting the growth of the mandibular body length and ramal height, with significant variations observed across different ethnic populations. This study investigated the relationship between a single nucleotide polymorphism (rs6184) in the GHR gene and its effects on mandibular morphogenesis in a Dravidian population.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A total of 250 subjects were divided into three groups. Group 1 included 100 subjects with skeletal Class I malocclusion and average ramal height (control group). Group 2 included 150 patients with skeletal Class II malocclusions and reduced mandibular body length. On the basis of ramal height, group 2 was divided into two groups with 75 subjects each (short ramus: group 2a) and (long ramus: group 2b). DNA extracted from the salivary samples of individuals was analyzed to identify the genotype of the rs6184 using the polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism method and compare it in the three groups.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The genotype and allele frequencies showed statistically significant differences between the control (group 1) and groups 2a and 2b (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.0001), with the polymorphic homozygous TT genotype found only in subjects with Class II malocclusions and reduced mandibular body length. However, no statistically significant difference was found between individuals with small and long ramal heights (group 2a and 2b, <em>P</em> = 0.7789).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The rs6184 polymorphic variant of the GHR gene can be considered a candidate gene for mandibular morphogenesis in the Dravidian population.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":43456,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the World Federation of Orthodontists","volume":"14 4","pages":"Pages 208-214"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144020303","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring experiences of orthognathic surgery: A Reddit-based content analysis.","authors":"Mimi Ngo, Emilija Jensen, Maurice Meade","doi":"10.1016/j.ejwf.2025.06.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejwf.2025.06.001","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Gaps in presurgical consultations may lead individuals to seek information and support on the internet. Social media, including Reddit, may offer emotional reassurance and peer-driven insights. This study aims to explore key themes, user sentiment, and Reddit's role in shaping orthognathic surgery experiences.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Content analysis of the \"r/jawsurgery\" subreddit was conducted to explore discussions on orthognathic surgery. The top 50 posts from the past year, along with 500 comments, were extracted and analyzed using NVivo 20 . Thematic coding identified key topics, while sentiment analysis and descriptive statistics were performed to analyze discussion trends within the dataset.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Most posts (96%) were shared postsurgery, often illustrating before-and-after experiences with photographs. Five key themes emerged: personal transformation, support and interaction, advice and guidance, practical concerns, and curiosity and planning. Sentiment analysis showed overwhelmingly positive engagement, with users offering encouragement and sharing insights. Discussions also addressed functional outcomes, financial aspects, and recovery experiences.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Reddit appears to act as an emotional support system and educational resource for orthognathic surgery patients, facilitating visual and narrative-driven knowledge exchange. The findings highlight gaps in traditional patient education, suggesting that integrating social media insights into clinical discussions may enhance informed consent and patient preparedness. Healthcare providers may benefit from digital engagement strategies to bridge communication gaps.</p>","PeriodicalId":43456,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the World Federation of Orthodontists","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144709397","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}