Journal of the World Federation of Orthodontists最新文献

{"title":"Which is preferable: a conservative, innovative, or balanced clinical approach?","authors":"Vinod Krishnan (Editor-in-Chief)","doi":"10.1016/j.ejwf.2026.05.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ejwf.2026.05.002","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":43456,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the World Federation of Orthodontists","volume":"15 3","pages":"Pages 195-196"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148060386","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Conservative therapy of obstructive sleep apnea using an in-office 3D-printed, titratable mandibular advancement device: Effectiveness and side effects","authors":"Eva Řezáčová ,&nbsp;Jiří Hálek ,&nbsp;Eva Kubásková ,&nbsp;Hana Böhmová ,&nbsp;Patrice Marek","doi":"10.1016/j.ejwf.2025.11.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ejwf.2025.11.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness and side effects of in-office 3D-printed mandibular advancement device (MAD) in the treatment of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The study included 23 patients. A novel type of 3D-printed MAD was developed specifically for the treatment of OSA. At the beginning of therapy, orthodontic documentation was obtained. During follow-up visits, a cone-beam computed tomography scan was performed with the MAD in situ to verify changes in the airways, and patients were referred to a sleep laboratory to assess the effectiveness of the therapy. After 1 year of treatment, orthodontic documentation was repeated, and the side effects of MAD therapy were noted. Patients also completed questionnaire to evaluate the subjective effectiveness of the treatment.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Side effects were observed during MAD therapy for OSA. These side effects were primarily related to dentoalveolar compensation, most notably changes in the position of the upper (2.22° <em>P</em> &lt; 0.001) and lower (1.91°, <em>P</em> = 0.003) incisors and alterations in occlusion. A statistically significant increase was observed in the maximum cross-sectional area (72.62 mm², <em>P</em> &lt; 0.001). The therapy was objectively successful in 74% of patients. Subjectively, all patients reported an improvement in their condition. The study did not reveal any direct association between the use of the MAD and temporomandibular joint damage in the study cohort.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>In-office 3D-printed, titratable MADs represent easily fabricated therapeutic option for OSA treatment, with favorable clinical outcomes. They may offer a solution for a broad spectrum of patients.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":43456,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the World Federation of Orthodontists","volume":"15 3","pages":"Pages 223-232"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145834879","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Age-dependent saturation of the biological response to different orthodontic forces","authors":"Mani Alikhani ,&nbsp;Mona Alikhani ,&nbsp;Chinapa Sangsuwon ,&nbsp;Fanar Abdullah ,&nbsp;Jeanne M. Nervina ,&nbsp;Cristina C. Teixeira","doi":"10.1016/j.ejwf.2026.02.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ejwf.2026.02.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>In animal studies we have shown that the inflammatory response and rate of tooth movement triggered by orthodontic force reach a saturation point beyond which increased force produces no additional response. In addition, our previous clinical study found that adolescents and adults have different inflammatory response, tooth movement rates, and pain with increasing orthodontic forces. Based on these findings, our goal in this study was two-fold. First, to determine if there is a saturation point for the inflammatory response and tooth movement rates in orthodontics patients. Second, to determine if age impacts the saturation point.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We conducted a non-randomized, single-center, single-blinded clinical study on two groups of healthy subjects who required first premolar extraction and canine retraction to correct their malocclusion. Adolescents (11–14 years old) and adults (21–45 years old) of both sexes were recruited and randomized within their age group (<em>n</em> = 4 per force) to receive one of the following four magnitudes of force during canine retraction: 50, 100, 150, and 200 cN Gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) from the distolabial crevice of the canine was collected to assay inflammatory marker levels before treatment and one day after beginning retraction. IL-1β, CCL2, and RANKL proteins were quantified using a slide-based protein array assay. Study models were used to assess canine retraction after 28 days of force application. Differences within and between treatment groups were assessed statistically.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>We found that inflammatory cytokine levels and the rate of tooth movement reached its maximum at 100 cN or 150 cN for adults and adolescents respectively. Adolescents had lower cytokine levels at lower magnitude forces than adults, but the levels increased at higher magnitude forces, with adults reaching saturation sooner than adolescents. The rate of canine movement in 28 days was not significantly different between adolescents and adults at any force level. However, the rate was higher in adolescents for all force groups.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>As in our animal studies, humans demonstrate a saturation point for inflammatory responses and the rate of tooth movement to orthodontic force. Adults reached saturation of the biological response earlier, while younger patients had a higher saturation point. This study has important clinical significance as it may guide orthodontists toward optimizing orthodontic forces and treatment duration, while reducing the risk of pathology arising from excessive forces.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":43456,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the World Federation of Orthodontists","volume":"15 3","pages":"Pages 205-212"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147436275","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antimicrobial effects of four different probiotic compositions and delivery forms on clear aligner biofilm: A randomized single-blind crossover trial","authors":"Vikas Thakur,&nbsp;Achint Juneja,&nbsp;Monis Raza,&nbsp;Prachi Mehra,&nbsp;Anju Treesa Jacob,&nbsp;Prashant Kumar Shahi","doi":"10.1016/j.ejwf.2025.12.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ejwf.2025.12.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>To evaluate the short-term antimicrobial effects of consumer probiotic formulations on bacterial load and biofilm accumulation on clear orthodontic aligners using a randomized four-period crossover design.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Twenty Invisalign users completed four 7-day intervention periods separated by 14-day washouts. Interventions comprised: (1) probiotic gummy (Bonatona; <em>Bacillus coagulans</em>, 1.5 × 10⁹ CFU/dose), (2) probiotic rinse (Perfora; proprietary multi-strain blend, 1.5 × 10⁹ CFU/10 mL), (3) probiotic capsule (HealthKart; multi-strain, 3.0 × 10¹⁰ CFU/dose), and (4) probiotic drink (Yakult Original; <em>Lacticaseibacillus paracasei</em> Shirota, ∼6.5 × 10⁹ CFU/65 mL). Products were used as labelled; Labelled strains included <em>Bacillus coagulans, Lacticaseibacillus paracasei Shirota</em>, and proprietary multi-strain Lactobacillus/Bifidobacterium blends (10⁹–10¹⁰ CFU/dose). No independent verification of strain identity or viability was undertaken. After each period, 5-mm discs from standardized aligner sites were analysed for total viable counts (CFU/mL) and for biofilm matrix (EPS) and viability using confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) with Concanavalin A staining. Primary analysis used linear mixed-effects models with treatment, period, and sequence as fixed effects and subject as a random intercept. Least-squares means (95 % CI) and Bonferroni-adjusted contrasts are reported. Trial registered at CTRI/2024/08/072820.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>All four probiotic delivery forms produced significant reductions in total viable counts and EPS fluorescence compared with pre-intervention controls (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.001). CFU reductions ranged from 0.62–1.06 log₁₀ (mean reduction 3.8–4.3 × 10³ CFU/mL), with the probiotic drink showing the largest decrease (LS-mean difference vs. baseline = 1.055 log₁₀ CFU; 95% CI: 0.93–1.18; <em>P</em> &lt; 0.001). Similar reductions were observed in CLSM fluorescence (mean differences 93–145 AU; all <em>P</em> &lt; 0.001).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Short-term use of consumer probiotics delivered as a drink, rinse, gummy, or capsule, demonstrated statistically significant antimicrobial reductions in aligner biofilm. The probiotic drink yielded the greatest effect. Given the short intervention duration and label-only verification of probiotic content, these findings should be interpreted as preliminary. Larger, species-resolved studies with longer follow-up and comparison against routine mechanical cleaning are needed before clinical recommendations can be established.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":43456,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the World Federation of Orthodontists","volume":"15 3","pages":"Pages 249-257"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145999185","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Canine distal movement impact on teeth and aligner deformation in clear aligner treatment: A 3D finite element study","authors":"Shuo Wang ,&nbsp;Xiuqian Peng ,&nbsp;Zhen Tian ,&nbsp;Yiran Wang ,&nbsp;Yanheng Zhou","doi":"10.1016/j.ejwf.2025.12.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ejwf.2025.12.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Although the use of clear aligners (CAs) has gained popularity in orthodontics, it faces challenges in extraction cases, particularly the “roller coaster effect” (mesial molar movement, distal canine tipping, and lingual incisor tipping/extrusion). Previous finite element studies focused on CAs as force-applying agents, neglecting counterforces from teeth to CAs. This study aimed to analyze how canine distal movement patterns affect incisors via tooth-aligner force interactions.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A three-dimensional finite element model was developed, including teeth, periodontal ligament, attachments, and CAs, based on cone-beam computed tomography and intraoral scanning data. Three groups simulated different canine distal movement modes: Group 1 (bodily movement with vertical rectangular attachments), Group 2 (bodily movement with paired optimized attachments), and Group 3 (distal tipping with vertical rectangular attachments). Multi-step iterative modeling methods were used to simulate long-term treatment, analyzing tooth displacements, contact stresses, and CA deformations.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>All groups demonstrated distal tipping of canines with the rotation center at the apical third, despite bodily movements in Groups 1 and 2. Group 2 exhibited significant canine rotation (3.36°). Incisors revealed unintended displacements: Groups 1 and 2 demonstrated higher lingual cervical pressure from CAs, causing greater buccal displacement (0.30–0.39 mm) and rotation (1.30–1.74°) compared to Group 3 (0.14–0.23 mm, 0.59–1.01°). Group 3 revealed better CA adaptation and reduced incisor movement due to minimized counterforces from actively tipped canines.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>As current attachments cannot achieve bodily canine distalization, tipping is inevitable. Designed bodily movements induce CA deformation and incisor lingual tipping/extrusion, while active distal tipping reduces adverse effects. Orthodontists should avoid programming unattainable bodily canine movements in premolar extraction cases and prioritize tipping-based strategies with subsequent root control.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":43456,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the World Federation of Orthodontists","volume":"15 3","pages":"Pages 233-240"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146087235","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Artificial intelligence for detecting orthodontic root resorption: A systematic review and meta-analysis of diagnostic accuracy","authors":"Karla Nogueira Matos ,&nbsp;Hugo Henrique dos Santos Dantas Guimarães","doi":"10.1016/j.ejwf.2026.02.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ejwf.2026.02.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>External root resorption (ERR) and external cervical resorption (ECR) are common orthodontic complications with prognostic impact. Early, accurate detection helps prevent irreversible damage.</div></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>Our objective is to synthesize diagnostic accuracy of artificial intelligence (AI) for ERR/ECR on orthodontic imaging and compare performance by imaging modality and model architecture.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div><strong>Data Sources:</strong> Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus, Embase, IEEE Xplore, and Cochrane Library (through September 9, 2025).</div><div><strong>Study Selection:</strong> Original human or ex-vivo imaging studies of AI models for ERR/ECR with extractable accuracy data.</div><div><strong>Data Extraction and Synthesis:</strong> Two reviewers independently extracted TP/FP/TN/FN. Pooled sensitivity/specificity and HSROC were estimated via a bivariate random-effects model; risk of bias with QUADAS-2; PROSPERO: CRD420251103690.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Five studies (1089 images) met criteria. Pooled sensitivity was 90.7% (95% CI, 85.6-94.1) and specificity 91.8% (95% CI, 86.0-95.3). CBCT-based models outperformed panoramic models, and transformer/hybrid architectures showed slightly higher accuracy than CNNs, though subgroup power was limited. Heterogeneity was moderate (I² ≈ 55-61%), plausibly related to variable diagnostic thresholds, mixed tooth types, and differing reference standards (orthodontists/endodontists/radiologists).</div></div><div><h3>Limitations</h3><div>Small evidence base (<em>n</em> = 5), small geographically limited datasets, and absence of true external validation restrict generalizability. With &lt;10 studies, formal publication-bias testing was not feasible.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions and Relevance</h3><div>AI shows high accuracy for ERR/ECR, particularly with CBCT and transformer/hybrid models, yet moderate heterogeneity and limited generalizability warrant cautious interpretation. AI should augment, not replace, clinician judgment within explainable, standardized workflows. Priorities include open multicenter annotated datasets, harmonized thresholds/protocols, and external validation to enable reliable clinical adoption.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":43456,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the World Federation of Orthodontists","volume":"15 3","pages":"Pages 197-204"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147436240","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From genetics to occlusal medicine treatment: A case report on the multidisciplinary management of congenitally missing permanent maxillary canines","authors":"David F. Gómez-Gil ,&nbsp;Gonzalo Vásquez-Palacio ,&nbsp;Martha L. Marín-Botero","doi":"10.1016/j.ejwf.2026.01.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ejwf.2026.01.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Permanent maxillary canine agenesis is a rare condition caused by genetic, epigenetic, or environmental factors affecting tooth development. It results in malocclusion and adverse physiological changes. We present our orthodontic diagnosis, treatment challenges, and successful outcomes of a case involving a 10-year-old male with Class II/0 malocclusion, mild class III skeletal pattern, anterior crossbite, left mandibular lateral displacement malocclusion, right dental-skeletal crossbite, mild transitional bilateral posterior open bite, moderate lower anterior crowding, mild maxillary spacing, and genetic polymorphisms in MSX1 and PAX9; bilateral permanent maxillary canine agenesis, molar taurodontism, and bilateral mesioangular mandibular permanent second molar impactions. Presumptive mild-to-moderate hypolordosis and phase 2 left adolescent idiopathic scoliosis were also identified. Treatment involved widening the maxilla, replacing maxillary canines with bicuspids, second bicuspid extraction and closing spaces in the mandible, and deimpacting second mandibular molars. Spine follow-up showed indirect effects on head posture. Class I occlusion with normal overjet and overbite was achieved. Cervical spine correction occurred spontaneously years later. The spatiotemporal effects of MSX1 and PAX9 polymorphisms on the patient’s phenotype led us to apply age-related orthodontic transverse and sagittal treatment strategies to avoid dental replacements and correct dental relationships and molar impactions. This approach also contributed to adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) self-correction in adolescence and long-term stability in adulthood.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":43456,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the World Federation of Orthodontists","volume":"15 3","pages":"Pages 258-271"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147646765","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effectiveness of varying alternating rapid maxillary expansions and constrictions (Alt-RAMEC) durations on maxillary protraction in noncleft Class III malocclusion: A systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"Hamza Parvez Siddiqui ,&nbsp;Anne Marie Kuijpers-Jagtman ,&nbsp;Saraa Angel ,&nbsp;Karthik Sennimalai ,&nbsp;Madhanraj Selvaraj","doi":"10.1016/j.ejwf.2025.10.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ejwf.2025.10.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>This systematic review aims to assess whether extending Alt-RAMEC (Alternating Rapid Maxillary Expansions and Constrictions) protocols from four to nine weeks yields superior skeletal, dental, and soft-tissue outcomes in growing noncleft Class III patients when compared to conventional rapid maxillary expansion (RME).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A systematic literature search was conducted across the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), PubMed, Scopus, Embase, Web of Science, Google Scholar, Ovid MEDLINE, EBSCOhost, and LILACS databases over the past 20 years up to 7 January 2025. Clinical trials comparing cephalometrically conventional RME with Alt-RAMEC-assisted maxillary protraction in growing noncleft Class III subjects were included. Risk of bias was assessed using the Methodological Index for Nonrandomized Studies (MINORS) and the Cochrane Risk of Bias (RoB 2) tool. A random-effects meta-analysis using RevMan was conducted for quantitative synthesis.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Out of 1847 articles screened, 24 studies were included for qualitative synthesis and 11 studies for meta-analysis. The five-week Alt-RAMEC protocol showed a statistically significant improvement in the ANB angle compared to RME (mean difference 1.37°; 95% confidence intervals 0.85–1.89; <em>P</em> &lt; 0.01; c² = 2.14; I² = 0%). However, both 7-week and 9-week protocols demonstrated no significant advantage over conventional RME/facemask.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Only the five-week Alt-RAMEC protocol offers a statistically significant but clinically negligible improvement in maxillofacial, dental, and soft-tissue outcomes over conventional RME-assisted protraction in managing growing noncleft Class III malocclusion using a Hyrax-type expander. However, this is supported by only moderate to weak evidence.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":43456,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the World Federation of Orthodontists","volume":"15 2","pages":"Pages 95-109"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145696522","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gender disparity in the authorship of orthodontic papers and the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic: A ten-year bibliometric study","authors":"Aline Goerll Henriques ,&nbsp;Tiago Fialho ,&nbsp;Beatriz Oliveira da Silva ,&nbsp;Eduardo Terumi Blatt Ohira ,&nbsp;Karina Maria Salvatore de Freitas ,&nbsp;Fabrício Pinelli Valarelli ,&nbsp;Célia Regina Maio Pinzan-Vercelino ,&nbsp;Paula Cotrin","doi":"10.1016/j.ejwf.2025.09.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ejwf.2025.09.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Women remain underrepresented in the academic world. This study aimed to compare the numbers of female and male authors in high-impact orthodontic journals during the pre- and post-COVID-19 pandemic periods.</div></div><div><h3>Material and Methods</h3><div>A total of 7902 papers published in eight orthodontic journals (American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Angle Orthodontist, European Journal of Orthodontics, Journal of Orofacial Orthopedics, Journal of the World Federation of Orthodontists, Korean Journal of Orthodontics, Orthodontics &amp; Craniofacial Research, and Progress in Orthodontics) were screened. They were divided into two groups: Group 1 (G1): Pre-pandemic (2015-2019) and Group 2 (G2): Post-pandemic (2020-2024). The data were collected manually, including the journal, type of study, gender, and authorship position. Descriptive statistical analyses were used. The sex of the authors before and after the pandemic was compared using the chi-square test. The Mann-Whitney U test was used to compare the total number of authors and the total number of male and female authors.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>5494 papers were evaluated and included in the study. There was no significant difference in gender distribution in single-authored papers. After the pandemic, there was a significant increase in women in first and last author positions. The total number of authors and proportion of female authorship in intermediate positions increased significantly post-pandemic. The European Journal of Orthodontics was the only journal that had more female first authors than males in the post-pandemic period.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The pandemic has not negatively affected female participation in orthodontic publications. There was a significant increase in female authorship after 2020, indicating a gradual reduction in gender disparities in this field.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":43456,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the World Federation of Orthodontists","volume":"15 2","pages":"Pages 128-136"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145446091","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Simple and efficient distalization methods using temporary skeletal anchorage devices in nonextraction treatment: A report of two cases","authors":"Yoon-Ah Kook ,&nbsp;You-Sun Lee ,&nbsp;Mohamed Bayome ,&nbsp;Alex Hung Kuo Chou ,&nbsp;Jaewon Kim ,&nbsp;Jae Hyun Park","doi":"10.1016/j.ejwf.2025.10.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ejwf.2025.10.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Nonextraction treatment has become more popular with the development of temporary skeletal anchorage devices (TSADs). This report presents simple and efficient mandibular molar distalization methods using ramal plates and buccal miniscrews in nonextraction treatment and describes their biomechanics. The application of TSADs facilitates distalization of both the maxillary and mandibular dentition. The placement of ramal plates prevents gingival impingement at the retromolar region and maximizes the distalization. Meanwhile, mandibular distalization via buccal miniscrews would require application of intermaxillary vertical elastics to avoid gingival impingement and close the resulting posterior openbite.</div><div>These two cases are presented as proof of concept, showcasing the biomechanics of ramal plate for mandibular total arch distalization as a viable treatment option.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":43456,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the World Federation of Orthodontists","volume":"15 2","pages":"Pages 163-170"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145507480","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}