{"title":"AVICENNA ON HUMAN SELF-INTELLECTION","authors":"Boris Hennig","doi":"10.1017/S0957423922000029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0957423922000029","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract I argue that Avicenna allows for at least one case where we can intellectually grasp a particular individual as such: Each human intellect can intellect itself as numerically this one intellect without relying on any general notion or concept. This is because humans can retain their individuality when separated from their bodies. I discuss passages in which Avicenna appears to affirm and deny that humans can intellect themselves. I conclude that in contrast to the self-awareness that Avicenna showcases in his “floating human” thought experiment, human self-intellection is a rare achievement, and I explain how it differs from the more perfect self-intellection of the divine intellect.","PeriodicalId":43433,"journal":{"name":"Arabic Sciences and Philosophy","volume":"15 1","pages":"179 - 199"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89609567","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"REREADING METAPHYSICS Ε2-3: ARISTOTLE'S ARGUMENT AGAINST DETERMINISM, AND HOW AVERROES TWISTED IT IN HIS LONG COMMENTARY","authors":"Dustin Klinger","doi":"10.1017/S0957423921000138","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0957423921000138","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In the fresh reading proposed here of the still not satisfactorily interpreted passages in Metaphysics Ε2-3, Aristotle emerges as making a case against determinism based on a robust notion of the accident. Accidental beings are uncaused causes and have their rightful place in Aristotle's ontology. The resulting physical indeterminism is here used as a litmus test for the exegetical practice of the great Commentator, Averroes, whose self-proclaimed, and later proverbial, loyalty to Aristotle's text will be shown to give way to idiosyncratic interpretations at times. His explanations of Metaphysics Ε2-3 are sparse and no less obscure than Aristotle's text. It is only when read together with his commentaries on the Physics, to which he explicitly refers twice in his Long commentary on Metaphysics Ε2-3, that a surprising picture emerges. Averroes recycles the notion of the accident, now reconceptualised in cosmological terms, and – putting it to the opposite use of Aristotle's – weaves it into an original theory of motion that integrates both supra- and sublunar realms into a deterministic framework of uninterrupted causal chains, thus safeguarding the principle of Divine providence.","PeriodicalId":43433,"journal":{"name":"Arabic Sciences and Philosophy","volume":"8 1","pages":"109 - 135"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86206033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"PSEUDO-EUCLIDE, PSEUDO-PTOLÉMÉE ET THIASOS SUR LES MIROIRS","authors":"R. Rashed","doi":"10.1017/S0957423921000114","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0957423921000114","url":null,"abstract":"Résumé Parmi les écrits consacrés à la réflexion des rayons « visuels» et solaires sur les différents miroirs, il en existe deux, qui ont précédé bien d'autres, et qui occupent une position centrale dans l'histoire de la catoptrique : l'un est attribué à Euclide, l'autre à Ptolémée. À ces deux noms, on en ajoute un troisième jusqu'ici inconnu, Thiasos. Dans cet article, nous reprenons l'histoire textuelle et conceptuelle de cette tradition de recherche catoptrique.","PeriodicalId":43433,"journal":{"name":"Arabic Sciences and Philosophy","volume":"42 1","pages":"1 - 65"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88370753","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"ON SOME AMBIGUITIES IN IBN SĪNĀ’S ANALYSIS OF THE QUANTIFIED HYPOTHETICAL PROPOSITIONS","authors":"Saloua Chatti","doi":"10.1017/S0957423921000126","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0957423921000126","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In his analysis of the hypothetical (šarṭīyya) connected (muttaṣila) and disjunctive (munfaṣila) propositions (Al-qiyās, section V), Ibn Sīnā suggests that they can be quantified and presents in section VI a hypothetical system containing the conditional ones, which is exactly parallel to categorical syllogistic and makes use of the same conversion rules and the same proofs. In section VII, he provides four lists of hypothetical quantified propositions whose clauses are themselves quantified and says that the relations of the Aristotelian square of opposition hold for them. In addition, he says that some conditional universal affirmative propositions are equivalent to some universal negative ones with opposed consequents, and to some quantified disjunctive ones. The problem is that these claims are incompatible with each other, since they require two different readings of the universal affirmative conditional proposition, which Ibn Sīnā does not distinguish clearly. In this paper we solve the problem by distinguishing explicitly between these two readings and showing that the first one satisfies the conversion rule of the universal affirmative and the relations of the logical square, and validates all the admitted moods, while the second one satisfies the contraposition rule and the equivalences stated by Ibn Sīnā. This accounts for all Ibn Sīnā’s claims and makes the system coherent.","PeriodicalId":43433,"journal":{"name":"Arabic Sciences and Philosophy","volume":"245 1","pages":"67 - 107"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80578829","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"NOTE: BOETHUS FR. 44 RASHED","authors":"Nicolás Bamballi","doi":"10.1017/S0957423921000096","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0957423921000096","url":null,"abstract":"The Arabic text of Boethus fr. 44 Rashed has, pace Rashed (p. 266), a parallel in a Greek scholium to Galen's De elementis ex Hippocratis sententia. The scholium occurs in the sets of scholia to De elem. in Paris BNF suppl. gr. 634 (= Π; saec. xii) and in El Escorial Φ.II.15 (= Σ; saec. xiii). The former set was edited by G. Helmreich in Handschriftliche Studien zu Galen, vol. I. The relevant passage occurs in Π fol. 21 r ult. – v 3 (= schol. 34 p. 12 Helmr.) and in Σ fol. 136 r 7-11. The polysyllogism ascribed to Boethus reads: τὸ ὅμοιον ὑπὸ τοῦ ὁμοίου γινώσκεται. ἡ αἴσθησις τὰ στοιχεῖα γινώσκει. ἡ αἴσθησις ἄρα ὁμοία τοῖς στοιχείοις … ἡ αἴσθησις ὁμοία τοῖς στοιχείοις. τὸ ὅμοιον ἐκ τοῦ ὁμοίου [γινώσκεται]. ἡ αἴσθησις ἄρα ἐκ τῶν στοιχείων [γινώσκεται].","PeriodicalId":43433,"journal":{"name":"Arabic Sciences and Philosophy","volume":"332 1","pages":"265 - 267"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2021-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77622400","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}