Adolescent Psychiatry最新文献

{"title":"Prevalence of Body Dysmorphic Disorder and Predictors of Body Image Disturbance in Adolescence","authors":"James Collison, L. Harrison","doi":"10.2174/2210676610999200420112129","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/2210676610999200420112129","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000Body dysmorphic disorder encompasses a range of cognitive and\u0000behavioural states stemming from distressing, negative evaluations of one’s appearance. Despite\u0000the seriousness of this condition, little is known about who is likely to receive a diagnosis\u0000and more importantly what the putative risk factors are. This is particularly so among\u0000adolescent samples, where the extant literature is considerably smaller.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000This study had two broad aims: to estimate the prevalence of body dysmorphic\u0000disorder within a young-adult population, and to examine the predictors of body image disturbance.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Three-hundred and four adolescents (242 females; Mage = 17.68) completed the\u0000Body Image Disturbance Questionnaire and Body Dysmorphic Disorder Questionnaire,\u0000along with measures of clinical psychopathology, self-esteem, experiences of parenting, and\u0000bullying.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000 Body dysmorphic disorder was present in 3.9% of the sample, which is in line with\u0000previous estimates among adolescents. More interestingly, results indicated that instances of\u0000high stress, low self-esteem, and reported experiences of bullying were able to predict 48%\u0000of body image dissatisfaction.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Psychological interventions should be directed towards adolescents with body\u0000image concerns, especially if they also report bullying, elevated stress, or diminished selfesteem.\u0000However, additional research is still warranted to gain an increasingly accurate understanding\u0000of the prevalence of body dysmorphic disorder and who is susceptible to developing\u0000this disorder and how we can best serve these individuals in the community.\u0000","PeriodicalId":43326,"journal":{"name":"Adolescent Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2020-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42227928","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reactive and Proactive Aggression among Immigrant and Non-Immigrant Early Adolescents in Norway: The Relations to Emotional and Conduct Problems","authors":"Hildegunn Fandrem, B. Oppedal, T. Idsøe","doi":"10.2174/2210676610666200327165927","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/2210676610666200327165927","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000This study explores the differences in the association between three\u0000different types of aggression (reactive aggression, power-related proactive aggression and affiliation-\u0000related proactive aggression) and emotional and conduct problems between early\u0000adolescents with immigrant and non-immigrant backgrounds in Norway.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The sample comprised 1759 early adolescents in fifth to eighth grade (10- to 15-\u0000year-olds). The proportion of early adolescent immigrants with two foreign-born parents was\u0000862, and 897 participants were adolescents with two Norwegian-born parents. The gender\u0000distribution was similar in the immigrant and non-immigrant samples, 48.2% boys and\u000049.5% girls. The mean age was 11.6 years (SD 1.25) for immigrant boys, 11.7 (SD 1.29) for\u0000non-immigrant boys, 11.6 (SD = 1.25) for immigrant girls, and 11.8 (SD = 1.27) for nonimmigrant\u0000girls. Data were collected via self-report assessments.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000A multigroup structural equation model revealed that the effects of reactive and\u0000proactive aggression were different for conduct and emotional problems. Only reactive and\u0000power-related proactive aggression was significantly associated with conduct problems, and\u0000effect sizes were independent of immigrant status. The effects of reactive and power-related\u0000proactive aggression on emotional problems were stronger for non-immigrant early adolescents,\u0000while the effects of affiliation-related proactive aggression were stronger for immigrant-\u0000background early adolescents.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000 A better understanding of the underlying mechanisms of the associations between\u0000aggression and emotional problems and the variation between immigrant and nonimmigrant\u0000early adolescents can shed light on the etiology of mental health and behavioral\u0000problems. The importance of such knowledge in designing interventions targeting aggression\u0000among early adolescents in multicultural contexts is discussed.\u0000","PeriodicalId":43326,"journal":{"name":"Adolescent Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2020-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42627786","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Psychoanalytic-Interactional Method (PiM) for Adolescents with Borderline Personality Disorder","authors":"A. Streeck-Fischer, Charline Logé, S. Salzer","doi":"10.2174/2210676610666200327164953","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/2210676610666200327164953","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000Studies have shown the practicality of diagnosing borderline personality\u0000disorder (BPD) in children from the age of 12 years (cf. ICD-11, DSM-5). Research\u0000in the psychodynamic therapy of adolescents with BPD has been rare to date, however, there\u0000do exist some studies on the efficacy and effectiveness of psychodynamic therapy in adults\u0000with borderline personality disorder.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000We adapted the psychoanalytic-interactional method (PiM), originally developed\u0000in the treatment of severely disturbed adults, to the conditions of adolescents diagnosed with\u0000borderline personality disorder or structural deficits. Randomized controlled trial in an inpatient\u0000setting (Salzer et al., 2013; Salzer et al., 2014) showed that PIM is efficacious for adolescents\u0000with BPD symptoms. We describe the approach to treatment in detail.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000 The results of the therapeutic study and the short case vignette show that PiM is a\u0000useful method in both inpatient and outpatient treatment and meets the specific requirements\u0000of adolescent treatment.\u0000","PeriodicalId":43326,"journal":{"name":"Adolescent Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2020-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44485287","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Abstinence vs. Harm Reduction for Youth with Substance Use Disorders: “You Can’t Always Get What You Want”","authors":"Y. Kaminer, K. Bagot","doi":"10.2174/2210676610666200327164503","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/2210676610666200327164503","url":null,"abstract":"<jats:sec>\u0000<jats:title />\u0000<jats:p />\u0000</jats:sec>","PeriodicalId":43326,"journal":{"name":"Adolescent Psychiatry","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2020-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41621082","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Maternal Awareness of Adolescent Bullying Victimization in a Low-Income Context","authors":"Marlene A. Vieira, B. Handegård, J. Rønning, C. S. Duarte, J. Mari, I. Bordin","doi":"10.2174/2210676609666190808094820","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/2210676609666190808094820","url":null,"abstract":"Methods: This cross-sectional study involved a representative sample of in-school adolescents (n=669, 11-15-years) living in Itaboraí city, Brazil (mean age±SE: 13.01±0.07 years; 51.7% females). A 3-stage probabilistic sampling procedure (random selection of census units, eligible households and target child) generated sampling weights. Trained lay interviewers individually applied semi-structured questionnaires to mothers and adolescents in the households. Multivariable logistic regression analysis examined factors potentially influencing maternal perception of bullying victimization experienced by her son/daughter: adolescent gender and age, adolescent self-perceived bullying victimization, exposure to severe physical punishment by parents, internalizing/externalizing behaviour problems identified by the Youth Self-Report/YSR, maternal education and maternal anxiety/depression identified by the 20-item Self-Reporting Questionnaire/SRQ-20.","PeriodicalId":43326,"journal":{"name":"Adolescent Psychiatry","volume":"10 1","pages":"29-40"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2020-02-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2174/2210676609666190808094820","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46534763","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Psychometric Properties of the French Version of the Borderline Personality Features Scale for Children and Adolescents","authors":"K. Ensink, Michaël Bégin, Judith Kotiuga, C. Sharp, L. Normandin","doi":"10.2174/2210676609666190820145256","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/2210676609666190820145256","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000The Borderline Personality Feature Scale for Children (BPFS-C) is\u0000currently the only dimensional measure of child and adolescent borderline features and the\u0000English version has been shown to have good psychometric properties. To extend the use of\u0000this measure with French speaking adolescents, it is essential to examine the reliability and\u0000validity of the French BPFS-C.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The present study sought to assess the psychometric properties of the French\u0000BPFS-C.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000A community sample of 394 adolescents and young adults completed the Borderline\u0000Personality Features Scale for Children (BPFS-C), as well as the Million Adolescent\u0000Clinical Inventory (MACI) borderline tendency subscale, the Child Behavior Checklist-\u0000Youth Self-Report (CBCL-YSR) and the Beck Youth Inventories (BYI).\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The findings show that both the long and short French BPFS-C have good internal\u0000consistency and convergent validity. Affect regulation, identity, relationship difficulties and\u0000self-harm were found to be closely inter-connected rather than distinct factors.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The findings indicate that both long and short versions of French BPFS-C have\u0000good psychometric properties and provide preliminary evidence that the total scores are reliable\u0000and valid indicators of borderline personality features in adolescents and young adults.\u0000","PeriodicalId":43326,"journal":{"name":"Adolescent Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2020-02-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2174/2210676609666190820145256","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44540851","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trauma and Black Male Adolescents: A Critical Link","authors":"Gilbert Singletary","doi":"10.2174/2210676609666190617143509","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/2210676609666190617143509","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000By the year 2020, children of color will become the majority of\u0000those 18 years of age and under in United States. There is a dearth of research that investigates\u0000the developmental trajectories of children of color, especially those who live in communities\u0000where they are exposed to traumatic events. African American males reared in poverty\u0000and/or living in violent communities are an especially vulnerable group.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000This paper examines the unique experiences of Black male adolescents and their\u0000emotional, psychological, and neurobiological responses to trauma.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Trauma has multifaceted effects on the lives of Black males. Behavioral disturbances\u0000can result in exclusion from school, leading to further traumatization and deprivation.\u0000Much of what appears to be antisocial behavior is in fact adaptive response to living in violent\u0000communities. It is important to consider the role of this complex interweaving of circumstances\u0000in understanding the development of this vulnerable group.\u0000","PeriodicalId":43326,"journal":{"name":"Adolescent Psychiatry","volume":"10 1","pages":"17-28"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2020-02-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2174/2210676609666190617143509","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45453480","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Should Adolescents be Screened for Depression?","authors":"L. Flaherty","doi":"10.2174/221067661001200413093510","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/221067661001200413093510","url":null,"abstract":"<jats:sec>\u0000<jats:title />\u0000<jats:p />\u0000</jats:sec>","PeriodicalId":43326,"journal":{"name":"Adolescent Psychiatry","volume":"10 1","pages":"3-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2020-02-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2174/221067661001200413093510","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48376086","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Substance Use in Adolescents Presenting to the Emergency Department","authors":"Edore Onigu-Otite, Miju Kurtzweil, V. Tucci, N. Moukaddam","doi":"10.2174/2210676608666181015114220","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/2210676608666181015114220","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000Adolescent substance use is a dynamic public health problem.\u0000Adolescence is a unique developmental period involving overlapping biological,\u0000psychological, and social factors which increase the rates of initiation of substance use. The\u0000developing adolescent brain is particularly susceptible to the effects of substances and most\u0000adults with substance use disorders began to have symptoms and problems in their\u0000adolescent years. Yet, for various reasons, most adolescents who use, misuse, abuse, or are\u0000addicted to substances do not perceive the need for treatment.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Drug and alcohol use among adolescents is a common presentation in hospital\u0000Emergency Departments (EDs) and presents in different forms including in association with\u0000intoxication, withdrawal states, or trauma associated with drug-related events. For many\u0000adolescents with substance use, the Emergency Department (ED) is the first point of contact\u0000with medical personnel and thus also serves as a potential entry point into treatment.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000This article reviews the common ways drug and alcohol problems present in the\u0000ED, clinical assessment of the patient and family, screening, laboratory testing, brief\u0000interventions in the ED, and referral to treatment beyond the ED.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Guidelines on how to manage the shifting terrain of adolescent substance use\u0000presenting in EDs across the nation continue to evolve. We highlight that considerable\u0000further research is needed to inform effective ED protocols to address this important\u0000individual and public health safety concern. Systems of care models which include\u0000collaborative teams of diverse stake holders are needed to effectively manage adolescents\u0000with substance use disorders.\u0000","PeriodicalId":43326,"journal":{"name":"Adolescent Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2020-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2174/2210676608666181015114220","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48810920","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Managing Acute Agitation and Psychotic Symptoms in the Emergency Department","authors":"N. Moukaddam, Raymond Choi, V. Tucci","doi":"10.2174/2210676609666191015123943","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/2210676609666191015123943","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000It is fairly common for adolescents with a presenting\u0000problem of acute agitation to present to the Emergency Department. These patients present\u0000challenges with respect to both differential diagnosis and management. Furthermore, with\u0000many adolescents having extended stays in emergency departments, it is important for ED\u0000physicians to have a basic familiarity with diagnosis and treatment.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000In this paper, we present a primer on the conditions underlying acute agitation and\u0000review approaches to management in the emergency department.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Psychotic disorders, such as schizophrenia, are distinct from other\u0000conditions presenting with psychotic symptoms, which can range from depression to substance\u0000use to non-psychiatric medical conditions. Agitation, a state of excessive verbal and\u0000physical activity, can accompany any of these conditions. Unlike the case for adults, practice\u0000guidelines do not exist, and there is no fully agreed upon expert consensus yet. Emergency\u0000physicians should have a working knowledge of antipsychotic medications and need to consider\u0000pharmacological as well as non-pharmacological treatments for optimal management.\u0000","PeriodicalId":43326,"journal":{"name":"Adolescent Psychiatry","volume":"9 1","pages":"118-128"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2020-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46109915","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}