Adolescent Psychiatry最新文献

{"title":"Psychotherapy, Suicide and Depression, Body Dysmorphic Disorder, Aggression, an Unusual Case, and the Case for Harm Reduction in Treating Adolescent Substance Abuse","authors":"L. Flaherty","doi":"10.2174/221067661003201221094120","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/221067661003201221094120","url":null,"abstract":"<jats:sec>\u0000<jats:title />\u0000<jats:p />\u0000</jats:sec>","PeriodicalId":43326,"journal":{"name":"Adolescent Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2020-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41684437","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Suicide Attempts and Adolescents: The Need for Specialized Resources at Adult Trauma Centers","authors":"S. Soelling, D. Koganti, I. Padilla, M. Goodman, P. Prakash, Randi N. Smith","doi":"10.2174/2210676610999200727095605","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/2210676610999200727095605","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000Suicide is the second leading cause of adolescent death and suicide\u0000attempts outnumber deaths 50:1 for adolescents 15 to 19 years of age. This study examines\u0000differences in outcomes between adolescents and adults treated at an adult trauma center in\u0000an effort to guide recovery and prevention strategies following an adolescent suicide attempt.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000 Retrospective review of patients aged ≥14 years treated at an urban, Level 1\u0000trauma center for self-inflicted injuries between 2009 and 2018 was performed. The cohort\u0000was divided into adolescents (14-19 years) and adults (≥20 years) and into group A (economically\u0000distressed) and group B (non-distressed). Demographics, injury, outcomes, and\u0000geospatial analysis were compared.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Among 723 patients, 60 (8%) were adolescents of which 92% were male, 55%\u0000black, 47% blunt injuries, and 53% penetrating. In adults, 76% were male, 41% black, 28%\u0000blunt injuries, and 72% penetrating. Mortality estimates for adolescents and adults were 35%\u0000and 24%, respectively (p=0.09). Most adolescent deaths occurred within 3 days after admission,\u0000while adult deaths occurred further into hospitalization (p<0.01). Cox regression analysis\u0000found higher mortality with self-pay compared to private insurance (HR 2.6; p<0.001),\u0000and penetrating vs. blunt/other injuries (HR 2.4; p<0.001). Psychiatric care was administered\u0000in 64% of adolescents (n=39) and 84% of adults (p< 0.01).\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Inpatient psychiatric care for adolescents who attempted suicide was limited at\u0000an adult trauma center. The high incidence of suicide attempts and community-level distress\u0000in adolescents require immediate attention and resources.\u0000","PeriodicalId":43326,"journal":{"name":"Adolescent Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2020-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46438393","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adolescent Inpatients with Depression: Comparison to Inpatients without Depression and to Peers without Psychiatric Disorders","authors":"E. Savilahti, M. Rytilä-Manninen, H. Haravuori, M. Marttunen","doi":"10.2174/2210676610999200623112132","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/2210676610999200623112132","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000Family background, social support and psychological characteristics\u0000are known to be associated with depression in adolescence, but scientific data in complex,\u0000naturalistic settings are scarce.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000To investigate the characteristics of adolescent psychiatric inpatients with depressive\u0000disorders compared to peers without psychiatric disorders and to adolescent psychiatric\u0000inpatients without depression.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The study population of 206 inpatients (13-17 years old) and 203 age and gendermatched\u0000non-referred adolescents was evaluated using the Schedule for Affective Disorders\u0000and Schizophrenia for School-Age Children-Present and Lifetime Version (K-SADS-PL) interview,\u0000and clinical interview and clinical records when available. Structured self-reports\u0000provided information on family background, defense styles, self-image and perceived social\u0000support. We compared firstly subjects with current depressive disorders (n=120) to subjects\u0000without any psychiatric disorder (n=159) and secondly within the inpatient population, those\u0000with depressive disorders (n=117) to those with any other psychiatric diagnoses (n=89).\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Current depressive disorders were characterized by worse self-image, less mature\u0000defenses and less perceived social support particularly from the family. Adversities in the\u0000family were more prevalent in subjects with depression compared to subjects without any\u0000psychiatric diagnosis, while among inpatients, no significant differences were observed.\u0000Psychiatric comorbidity was common in all inpatients, whereas suicidality was more prevalent\u0000among inpatients with depression.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000 Negative self-image, less mature defense style and low perceived social support\u0000particularly from the family were characteristics of depression in adolescents.\u0000","PeriodicalId":43326,"journal":{"name":"Adolescent Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2020-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42125126","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evolution of Clinical Outcome During Adolescents’ Psychiatric Inpatient Care: A Prospective Multiple Informant Study","authors":"Marta Ruiz Cairó, S. Urben, Morgane Terren, Hélène De Rocquigny, Swen Courosse, Cecilia Bisio, Vivien Caspani, C. Legoux, Géraldine Petraglia, Boris Guignet, K. Plessen, L. Holzer","doi":"10.2174/2210676610999200623114116","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/2210676610999200623114116","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000Examining the effectiveness and adequacy of adolescents’ psychiatric\u0000inpatient treatment through multiple perspectives is crucial to provide the best care.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The aims of the current study were to examine the consistencies and discrepancies\u0000between patients and clinicians and to understand how each group considered\u0000the timing of improvement of symptoms and psychosocial difficulties of adolescents\u0000during a psychiatric inpatient stay.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The Health of the Nation Outcome Scales for Children and Adolescents\u0000(HoNOSCA, assessing symptoms and psychosocial difficulties) was rated on a weekly\u0000basis by patients and clinicians during a psychiatric inpatient stay. Data were collected\u0000from 297 patients, 58.2% females.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Both clinicians and patients reported a significant decrease of the HoNOSCA\u0000scores from admission to discharge, revealing that inpatient treatment is perceived as\u0000helping the adolescents to alleviate their symptoms and psychosocial difficulties. However,\u0000the item-by-item analyses indicated that patients and clinicians reported difficulties\u0000in different symptoms and psychosocial domains. Moreover, the week-by-week\u0000analyses revealed discrepancies in the perception of the time-course of clinical outcome-\u0000changes between clinicians and patients, as well as between males and females,\u0000and between voluntarily and involuntarily admitted patients.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000By integrating perspectives of patients and clinicians and their respective\u0000timelines, as well as by taking into account the mode of admission and the patient’s\u0000gender, this study provides a deeper understanding of the evolution of clinical outcome\u0000during adolescents’ hospitalizations, which allows to adapt their treatment and therewith,\u0000to help patients more efficiently.\u0000","PeriodicalId":43326,"journal":{"name":"Adolescent Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2020-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44309808","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring Therapeutic Risk in the Recovery Process of Adolescents at Risk of Self-harm: A Thematic Analysis of Support Staff Perceptions","authors":"Tomos Redmond","doi":"10.2174/2210676610999200623114504","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/2210676610999200623114504","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000The high prevalence of adolescent self-harm\u0000within mental health services presents considerable management concerns, exacerbated\u0000by a lack of clear evidence regarding therapeutically effective approaches. This shortfall\u0000perpetuates traditional risk-averse practice, despite likely inadequacies in mitigating\u0000self-harm through failing to address underlying psychological mechanisms. Therapeutic\u0000risk, defined as an approach whereby clinicians support individual risk-taking,\u0000may be an alternative that yields improved recovery outcomes. However, related research\u0000is adult-focused and provides limited detail on its features, practical delivery\u0000and impact on recovery. Consequently, the current study explored the experiences of\u0000professionals delivering a therapeutic risk ethos, including their conceptualisation of it\u0000and its impact on young people.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Semi-structured interviews were conducted with seven mental health support\u0000workers employed by a residential healthcare provider, which promotes a therapeutic\u0000risk approach. The provider supported service users aged 15 - 20 experiencing complex\u0000psychopathology who, following inpatient discharge, presented a high risk of self-harm\u0000and suicidality. Interview data was thematically analysed.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Staff participants provided their understanding of a therapeutic\u0000risk approach, suggesting risk is viewed as positive and beneficial to recovery,\u0000alongside the promotion of service user freedom and flexible therapeutic risk management.\u0000The perceived therapeutic risk incorporates both permission and support, which facilitate\u0000the exploration of underlying feelings and alternative actions. Additionally, therapeutic\u0000risk promotes positive recovery outcomes due to empowered service users having\u0000increased control over their lives. They argued this can reduce psychological distress, encouraging\u0000the development of emotional regulation and adaptive coping strategies.\u0000","PeriodicalId":43326,"journal":{"name":"Adolescent Psychiatry","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2020-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44127835","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mental Health Literacy: A Strategy for Global Adolescent Mental Health Promotion","authors":"Caroline S. Clauss-Ehlers, M. Carpio, M. Weist","doi":"10.2174/2210676610666200204104429","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/2210676610666200204104429","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000Adolescence is defined by key transitional elements which are considered\u0000within a cross-cultural context. The importance of building mental health capacity for\u0000adolescents in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) as well as high-income countries\u0000(HICs) is reviewed.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000To review the developmental period of adolescence, global needs for mental\u0000health promotion, the needs of LMICs while emphasizing building adolescent mental health\u0000capacity, and the importance of efforts to promote mental health literacy.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Mental health literacy (MHL) is presented as a strategy that can increase public\u0000awareness regarding mental health issues among adolescents. Increased awareness through\u0000an MHL framework is discussed as a way to build adolescent mental health capacity; with\u0000this work ideally occurring through global communities of practice (COP), dialogue, collaboration,\u0000and mutual support that aim to build innovation in systems of mental health promotion.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The authors review structural components in research, practice, and policy that seek\u0000to build global adolescent mental health capacity, nested within COPs involving HICs and\u0000LMICs working together to advance mental health promotion for children, adolescents, and\u0000young people.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The article concludes with a discussion of how the three structural components\u0000(i.e., research, practice, and policy) can address gaps in the provision of global mental health\u0000services for adolescents to meet adolescent mental health needs in LMICs and HICs. A\u0000multi-sectoral approach emphasizing a global COP is presented as a way to scale up capacity\u0000and maximize outcomes.\u0000","PeriodicalId":43326,"journal":{"name":"Adolescent Psychiatry","volume":"10 1","pages":"73-83"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2020-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46390954","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bias-motivated Victimization of Immigrant Students in Schools: Incidence, Impact, and Intervention","authors":"B. Daly, Chandler E. Puhy, M. Silverstein, L. Jones","doi":"10.2174/2210676610666200204110916","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/2210676610666200204110916","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000Bias-motivated victimization is common among school-age youth\u0000and is associated with negative academic and emotional consequences. Few studies have\u0000looked at the incidence of various forms of bias-motivated victimization for first- and second-\u0000generation immigrant-origin students even though these students represent an especially\u0000vulnerable population for experiencing bias.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The present study investigated whether immigrant-origin students reported higher\u0000incidences of bias-motivated victimization relative to their nonimmigrant-origin peers. For\u0000students who experienced bias-motivated victimization, we examined the impact of these experiences\u0000on levels of distress and examined perceived social and community support between\u0000immigrant-origin and nonimmigrant-origin students.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000 Participants completed the Youth Bias Victimization Questionnaire (YBVQ), a\u0000questionnaire designed to capture information about how often youth experience different\u0000types of bias-motivated victimization.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Approximately 60% of youth in the full sample reported experiencing one or more\u0000types of bias victimization in their lifetime and this rate was generally equivalent across immigrant-\u0000origin and nonimmigrant-origin participants. For those students who reported at\u0000least one lifetime event of bias victimization, immigrant-origin youth were more likely than\u0000nonimmigrant-origin youth to experience victimization related to peers’ perceptions of their\u0000country of origin or immigrant status. There were no significant differences in reported levels\u0000of distress or perceived social and community support between immigrant-origin and\u0000nonimmigrant-origin youth, regardless of whether they experienced bias-motivated victimization\u0000during their lifetime.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000 Clinicians working in school settings should be aware of the high incidence of\u0000students who experience bias-motivated victimization and when indicated provide targeted\u0000intervention services to those negatively impacted by these experiences.\u0000","PeriodicalId":43326,"journal":{"name":"Adolescent Psychiatry","volume":"10 1","pages":"123-141"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2020-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49109331","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adolescent Mental Health Promotion through a Global Framework","authors":"Caroline S. Clauss-Ehlers, M. Weist","doi":"10.2174/2210676610666200324112200","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/2210676610666200324112200","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":43326,"journal":{"name":"Adolescent Psychiatry","volume":"10 1","pages":"71-72"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2020-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47124437","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Community Psychiatry in a Latin American Context: Perú as a Case Example","authors":"Renato D. Alarcón, H. Vargas-Murga, July Caballero-Peralta, Yuri Cutipé-Cárdenas","doi":"10.2174/2210676610666200317155858","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/2210676610666200317155858","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000Historical and conceptual issues related to community psychiatry as\u0000an innovative approach to clinical assistance across the world, precede a more or less detailed\u0000examination of its presence, role and current accomplishments in Latin America, particularly\u0000related to child and adolescent subpopulations. Information about transition processes\u0000from the traditional hospital-centered model to the community-based approach, applicable\u0000mental health policies, levels of implementation and quality of the available reports in\u0000different countries, are duly evaluated.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Within an understanding of the broader Latin American context, the paper describes\u0000the situation in Perú, a country considered representative of the Low and Middle Income\u0000(LMIC) group in the subcontinent.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The situation in Perú is presented with particular emphasis on a recently established\u0000community-based mental health centers program across its territory.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000This description includes consideration of variables such as personal, family and\u0000identity empowerment, a focus on integrated care, and clinical outcomes and community relations.\u0000The development of community mental health centers across Perú is described.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Adolescents represent the unique future of socio-culturally diverse Latin\u0000American countries, and must be the target population of well-conceived, cohesive community\u0000mental health policies and programs. The importance of political will to promote community\u0000health centers that provide adolescents access to services is critical.\u0000","PeriodicalId":43326,"journal":{"name":"Adolescent Psychiatry","volume":"10 1","pages":"84-91"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2020-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47525467","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preface","authors":"L. Flaherty","doi":"10.2174/221067661001200413092352","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/221067661001200413092352","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":43326,"journal":{"name":"Adolescent Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2020-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2174/221067661001200413092352","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45607470","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}