{"title":"The design of an upper arm prosthesis utilising 3D printing conceived for the 2020 Tokyo paralympic games: A technical note.","authors":"Bryce Dyer, Richard Glithro, Abigail Batley","doi":"10.1177/20556683221113309","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/20556683221113309","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This article describes the design and development of an upper-limb prosthesis for a current elite level paracyclist that was conceived for use in the 2020 Paralympic Games. The prosthetic limb was intended specifically for use in cycling time trial events. These are held on the road and in the velodrome whereby the athlete rides using a tucked aerodynamic position. The prosthesis was developed using computer aided design software and an extensive use of the 3D printed manufacturing process. The resulting technical note illustrates the design methodology and manufacturing considerations for a high performance form of assistive technology. However, it results in a solution that challenges the traditional aesthetic of prosthetic limbs intended for sport and physical activity.</p>","PeriodicalId":43319,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Rehabilitation and Assistive Technologies Engineering","volume":" ","pages":"20556683221113309"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9272157/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40503550","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Emily J Farrar, Michelle Lo, Luke Groothoff, Jerald Cunningham, Joseph Theuri
{"title":"Two-year retrospective cohort results on use of a dynamic unilateral brace for treatment of clubfoot: Can compliance and prevention of recurrence both be achieved?","authors":"Emily J Farrar, Michelle Lo, Luke Groothoff, Jerald Cunningham, Joseph Theuri","doi":"10.1177/20556683221112084","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/20556683221112084","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The Ponseti method has led to vast improvements in outcomes for infants born with clubfoot deformity, but challenges with compliance during the bracing phase of the protocol remain. Unilateral braces promise higher compliance but often have led to unacceptably high recurrence.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We have developed a novel unilateral brace for clubfoot deformity that strategically applies patient-specific, anatomically-targeted forces to the lower limb to maintain correction. We retrospectively reviewed the cases of 26 patients with minimum follow-up of 24 months. The data were analyzed for recurrence rates, caregiver-reported compliance, and differences in Pirani score, dorsiflexion, abduction, hindfoot eversion, and resting rotation between initial and final follow-up.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Most patients (<i>N</i> = 23, 88%) were compliant with the bracing protocol. Two patients showed recurrence of deformity (8%). There were statistically significant improvements in Pirani score, dorsiflexion, abduction, hindfoot eversion, and resting external rotation. A subset of patients with sub-optimal correction at baseline showed improvement in all parameters across the course of bracing.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This novel unilateral brace for maintenance of clubfoot correction after Ponseti treatment demonstrates rates of recurrence rates and caregiver-reported compliance at 2 years of follow up that are comparable to outcomes with traditional bilateral foot abduction orthoses.</p>","PeriodicalId":43319,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Rehabilitation and Assistive Technologies Engineering","volume":" ","pages":"20556683221112084"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/b7/51/10.1177_20556683221112084.PMC9280036.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40623374","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Impact of the abandonment of assistive technologies for mobility on the incidence of serious falls in older adults living at home: Results of the ECOCAT study.","authors":"Abdoul Razak Sawadogo, Jean-François Nys, Estelle Tran, Caroline Gayot, Sophie Boyer, Noëlle Cardinaud, Clémence Thebaut, Achille Tchalla","doi":"10.1177/20556683221110866","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/20556683221110866","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To examine the impact of discontinuing the use of assistive technology for mobility (ATM) devices on the 6-months incidence of falls in older adults (OA) living at home.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A medico-socioeconomic survey was performed to collect information on the quality of life and well-being of older adults, before and 6 months after being loaned an ATM device. Personal data (medical, social, and economic) were collected via a geriatric survey.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In all, 102 OA participated in the study. Over the 6-months observation period, 17 (<i>n</i> = 81) serious falls were recorded among participants who were using their ATM device optimally; in those who discontinued device use, 12 falls (<i>n</i> = 21) were recorded (57.1%; <i>p</i> = 0.001). Factors significantly associated with falls at home were living in an urban area (odds ratio [OR]: 11.46; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.48; 88.98; <i>p</i> = 0.020), an Instrumental Activities of Daily Living Scale score > 4 (OR: 34.04; 95% CI: 1.59; 727.86; <i>p</i> = 0.024), and discontinuation of ATM device use (OR: 17.41; 95% CI: 2.59; 117.02; <i>p</i> = 0.003).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Discontinuation of ATM device use was associated with an increased risk for serious falls.</p>","PeriodicalId":43319,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Rehabilitation and Assistive Technologies Engineering","volume":" ","pages":"20556683221110866"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/82/75/10.1177_20556683221110866.PMC9234835.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40410736","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jill A Dosso, Ela Bandari, Aarti Malhotra, Gabriella K Guerra, Jesse Hoey, François Michaud, Tony J Prescott, Julie M Robillard
{"title":"User perspectives on emotionally aligned social robots for older adults and persons living with dementia.","authors":"Jill A Dosso, Ela Bandari, Aarti Malhotra, Gabriella K Guerra, Jesse Hoey, François Michaud, Tony J Prescott, Julie M Robillard","doi":"10.1177/20556683221108364","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/20556683221108364","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Socially assistive robots are devices designed to aid users through social interaction and companionship. Social robotics promise to support cognitive health and aging in place for older adults with and without dementia, as well as their care partners. However, while new and more advanced social robots are entering the commercial market, there are still major barriers to their adoption, including a lack of emotional alignment between users and their robots. Affect Control Theory (ACT) is a framework that allows for the computational modeling of emotional alignment between two partners.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a Canadian online survey capturing attitudes, emotions, and perspectives surrounding pet-like robots among older adults (<i>n</i> = 171), care partners (<i>n</i> = 28), and persons living with dementia (<i>n</i> = 7).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We demonstrate the potential of ACT to model the emotional relationship between older adult users and three exemplar robots. We also capture a rich description of participants' robot attitudes through the lens of the Technology Acceptance Model, as well as the most important ethical concerns around social robot use.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Findings from this work will support the development of emotionally aligned, user-centered robots for older adults, care partners, and people living with dementia.</p>","PeriodicalId":43319,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Rehabilitation and Assistive Technologies Engineering","volume":" ","pages":"20556683221108364"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/ee/ef/10.1177_20556683221108364.PMC9248047.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40556954","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Taavy A Miller, James H Campbell, Dwiesha L England, Phillip M Stevens, Shane R Wurdeman
{"title":"OASIS 2: Mobility differences with specific prosthetic feet across procedure codes.","authors":"Taavy A Miller, James H Campbell, Dwiesha L England, Phillip M Stevens, Shane R Wurdeman","doi":"10.1177/20556683221101623","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/20556683221101623","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Recently, many prosthetic devices were subjected to reimbursement coding review. Several prosthetic feet that were historically coded with the shock-attenuating function were recoded. The purpose of this analysis was to compare patient-reported functional mobility across a range of prosthetic feet using real-world clinical outcomes data.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective, observational review. A univariate generalized linear model was used to assess mobility across foot categories and between different prosthetic feet coded as L5987 or L5981.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The final sample analyzed comprised of 526 individuals and four mutually exclusive categories of feet examined across a total of 10 different prosthetic foot types. The comparison of prosthetic foot categories were significantly different from the control category (i.e. historically L5981).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The current data suggest the development of some prosthetic foot designs using advanced materials and geometric designs can provide comparable functional benefits as those with distinct shock absorbing mechanical features. Emphasizing functional performance over visible features may be a pathway towards higher performance for the end user.</p>","PeriodicalId":43319,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Rehabilitation and Assistive Technologies Engineering","volume":" ","pages":"20556683221101623"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/f1/13/10.1177_20556683221101623.PMC9208046.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40224435","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"An analysis of design recommendations for socially assistive robot helpers for effective human-robot interactions in senior care.","authors":"Fraser Robinson, Goldie Nejat","doi":"10.1177/20556683221101389","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/20556683221101389","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>As the global population ages, there is an increase in demand for assistive technologies that can alleviate the stresses on healthcare systems. The growing field of socially assistive robotics (SARs) offers unique solutions that are interactive, engaging, and adaptable to different users' needs. Crucial to having positive human-robot interaction (HRI) experiences in senior care settings is the overall design of the robot, considering the unique challenges and opportunities that come with novice users. This paper presents a novel study that explores the effect of SAR design on HRI in senior care through a results-oriented analysis of the literature. We provide key design recommendations to ensure inclusion for a diverse set of users. Open challenges of considering user preferences during design, creating adaptive behaviors, and developing intelligent autonomy are discussed in detail. SAR features of appearance and interaction mode along with SAR frameworks for perception and intelligence are explored to evaluate individual developments using metrics such as trust, acceptance, and intent to use. Drawing from a diverse set of features, SAR frameworks, and HRI studies, the discussion highlights robot characteristics of greatest influence in promoting wellbeing and aging-in-place of older adults and generates design recommendations that are important for future development.</p>","PeriodicalId":43319,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Rehabilitation and Assistive Technologies Engineering","volume":" ","pages":"20556683221101389"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/17/68/10.1177_20556683221101389.PMC9208044.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40224979","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lillian Hung, Jim Mann, Jennifer Perry, Annette Berndt, Joey Wong
{"title":"Technological risks and ethical implications of using robots in long-term care.","authors":"Lillian Hung, Jim Mann, Jennifer Perry, Annette Berndt, Joey Wong","doi":"10.1177/20556683221106917","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/20556683221106917","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The pandemic provides a unique opportunity to examine new directions in innovative technological approaches in long-term care (LTC) homes. While robotics could enhance staff capacity to provide care, there are potential technology risks and ethical concerns involved in technology use among older people residing in communal aged care homes. This qualitative descriptive study explores the technological risks and ethical issues associated with the adoption of robots in the specific context of LTC homes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The research team including patient and family partners employed purposive and snowballing methods to recruit 30 LTC participants: frontline interdisciplinary staff, operational leaders, residents and family members, and ethics experts in dementia care. Semi-structured interviews were conducted. Thematic analysis was performed to identify themes that capture empirical experiences and perspectives of a diverse group of LTC stakeholders about robotic use.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Technological risks include safety, increased workload, privacy, cost and social justice, and human connection. The findings offer practical insights based on the LTC perspective to contribute to the robot ethics literature. We propose a list of pragmatic recommendations, focusing on six principles (ETHICS): <b>E</b>ngagement of stakeholders, <b>T</b>echnology benefit and risk assessment, <b>H</b>arm mitigation, <b>I</b>ndividual autonomy, <b>C</b>ultural safety and justice, <b>S</b>upport of privacy.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>There is both a growing interest as well as fear in using robotics in LTC. Practice leaders need to reflect on ethical considerations and engage relevant stakeholders in making technology decisions for everyday care.</p>","PeriodicalId":43319,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Rehabilitation and Assistive Technologies Engineering","volume":" ","pages":"20556683221106917"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/17/c7/10.1177_20556683221106917.PMC9208036.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40224977","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Matthew Bonello, Philip Farrugia, Nathalie Buhagiar, Joseph Mercieca
{"title":"Towards a multi-user experience approach to exploring key requirements to design smart habilitation devices for children with cerebral palsy.","authors":"Matthew Bonello, Philip Farrugia, Nathalie Buhagiar, Joseph Mercieca","doi":"10.1177/20556683221103164","DOIUrl":"10.1177/20556683221103164","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>This paper takes a multi-stakeholder approach to generate key requirements to design smart habilitation devices for children with Cerebral Palsy. Four groups of different relevant stakeholders of smart-habilitation devices were approached to participate in this study, including children with Cerebral Palsy, their parents, occupational therapists, as well as technical specialists.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Profiles of children with Cerebral Palsy were generated to have a concrete idea of their needs and desires. Meanwhile, for the three stakeholders, focus groups were used to gather their insights and requirements on a prospective smart habilitation device for children. Successively, a thematic analysis was conducted to analyse the qualitative data obtained during the focus groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Eight design requirements were developed to generate designs which stimulate high quality user experiences in children and other users of smart habilitation devices. In addition, an initial framework of the process that design engineers would follow to design such devices for children was proposed.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Adopting this framework, and the respective requirements, will help design engineers to implement a multi-user approach and amend the design according to stakeholders' goals and desires. The resulted design should ensure a high quality user experience for both the active and potential passive users of smart habilitation devices.</p>","PeriodicalId":43319,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Rehabilitation and Assistive Technologies Engineering","volume":"9 ","pages":"20556683221103164"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/6d/34/10.1177_20556683221103164.PMC9152188.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10256475","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Estimating whole-body vibration limits of manual wheelchair mobility over common surfaces","authors":"Jacob Misch, S. Sprigle","doi":"10.1177/20556683221092322","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/20556683221092322","url":null,"abstract":"Whole-body vibration (WBV) experienced during manual wheelchair use was quantified across several types of terrain (tile, sidewalk, decorative bricks, expanded metal grates). Over-ground travel was controlled using a robotic propulsion system. Vibrations along the vertical axis were measured with a triaxial accelerometer mounted to the seat of the wheelchair. Root-mean-square acceleration values were compared to the health guidance exposure limits established by the European Council using the WBV calculator tool published by the Health and Safety Executive (HSE). Vibrations along the vertical axis were well below the exposure values associated with health risks. Even the most aggressive tactile surface (grates) tested in this study would require more than 14 h of daily travel to reach the “exposure action value,” and more than 24 h would be required to reach the “exposure limit value”. Considering the average cumulative duration of active self-propulsion among manual wheelchair users is around an hour or less, none of the tested conditions were deemed unsafe or damaging.","PeriodicalId":43319,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Rehabilitation and Assistive Technologies Engineering","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44051089","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ferzana Chaze, Leigh Hayden, Andrea Azevedo, Ashwin Kamath, Destanee Bucko, Yara Kashlan, Mireille Dube, Jacqueline De Paula, Alexandra Jackson, Christianne Reyna, Kate Dupuis, Lia Tsotsos
{"title":"Virtual reality and well-being in older adults: Results from a pilot implementation of virtual reality in long-term care.","authors":"Ferzana Chaze, Leigh Hayden, Andrea Azevedo, Ashwin Kamath, Destanee Bucko, Yara Kashlan, Mireille Dube, Jacqueline De Paula, Alexandra Jackson, Christianne Reyna, Kate Dupuis, Lia Tsotsos","doi":"10.1177/20556683211072384","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/20556683211072384","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>This paper describes the findings of a pilot implementation project that explored the potential of virtual reality (VR) technology in recreational programming to support the well-being of older adults in long-term care (LTC) homes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>32 Adults in four LTC homes participated in a pilot implementation project where they viewed VR experiences of popular locations in Canada created especially for this project. Data in this paper are based on multiple viewing experiences (<i>n</i> = 102) over a two-week period.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>VR appeared to be an effective distraction from pain for the participants. Participants of this study found the VR experiences to be enjoyable and were relaxed and happy while viewing them. Most participants were attentive or focused while viewing the VR experiences, and the experiences were found to be a source of reminiscence for some of the participants. Participants related well to others around them during a majority of the experiences and the VR experiences were a point of conversation between the staff and the participants.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The findings from this pilot implementation reveal that VR shows potential to enhance the physical, emotional, cognitive, and social well-being of older adults living in LTC, including those living with cognitive impairment.</p>","PeriodicalId":43319,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Rehabilitation and Assistive Technologies Engineering","volume":" ","pages":"20556683211072384"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/01/10/10.1177_20556683211072384.PMC8832624.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39777106","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}