Lillian Hung, Joey Wong, Chelsea Smith, Annette Berndt, Mario Gregorio, Neil Horne, Lynn Jackson, Jim Mann, Mineko Wada, Erika Young
{"title":"Facilitators and barriers to using telepresence robots in aged care settings: A scoping review.","authors":"Lillian Hung, Joey Wong, Chelsea Smith, Annette Berndt, Mario Gregorio, Neil Horne, Lynn Jackson, Jim Mann, Mineko Wada, Erika Young","doi":"10.1177/20556683211072385","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/20556683211072385","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Social isolation has been a significant issue in aged care settings, particularly during the COVID-19 pandemic, and is associated with adverse outcomes, including loneliness, depression, and cognitive decline. While robotic assistance may help mitigate social isolation, it would be helpful to know how to adopt technology in aged care. This scoping review aims to explore facilitators and barriers to the implementation of telepresence robots in aged care settings. Following the Joanna Briggs Institute scoping review methodology and the PRISMA extension for scoping reviews reporting guidelines, we searched relevant peer-reviewed studies through eight databases: CINAHL, MEDLINE, Cochrane, PsychINFO (EBSCO), Web of Science, ProQuest Dissertations and Theses Global, IEEE Xplore, and ACM Digital Library. Google was used to search gray literature, including descriptive, evaluative, quantitative, and qualitative designs. Eligibility includes: studies with people aged 65 years and older who interacted with a telepresence robot in a care setting, and articles written in English. We conducted a thematic analysis to summarize the evidence based on the constructs in the Consolidated Framework of Implementation Research. Of 1183 articles retrieved, 13 were included in the final review. The analysis yielded three themes: relative advantages, perceived risks and problems, and contextual considerations. The key facilitators to telepresence robot adoption are as follows: a feeling of physical presence, ease of use, mobility, and training. The barriers to implementation are as follows: cost, privacy issues, internet connectivity, and workflow. Future research should investigate the role of leadership support in implementation and practical strategies to overcome barriers to technology adoption in aged care settings.</p>","PeriodicalId":43319,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Rehabilitation and Assistive Technologies Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8785274/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39863361","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Moojan Ghafurian, Linda Francis, Zhuofu Tao, Mary Step, Jesse Hoey
{"title":"VIPCare: Understanding the support needed to create affective interactions between new caregivers and residents with dementia.","authors":"Moojan Ghafurian, Linda Francis, Zhuofu Tao, Mary Step, Jesse Hoey","doi":"10.1177/20556683211061998","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/20556683211061998","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>In this paper, we study the support needed by professional caregivers of those with dementia, and present a first step toward development of VIPCare, a novel application with the goal of assisting new caregivers at care-centres in interacting with residents with dementia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A mixed-methods study including two questionnaires, two focus groups, and seven co-design sessions with 17 professional caregivers was conducted to (a) understand caregivers' challenges/approaches used to reduce negative interactions with persons with dementia, (b) identify the existing gaps in supporting information for improving such interactions, and (c) co-design the user interface of an application that aims to help improve interactions between a new professional caregiver and persons with dementia. A pre-questionnaire assessed knowledge of smartphones and attitude toward technology. A post-questionnaire provided an initial evaluation of the designed user interface.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Focus groups emphasized the importance of role-playing learned through trial and error. The layout/content of the application was then designed in four iterative paper-prototyping sessions with professional caregivers. An iOS/Android-based application was developed accordingly and was modified/improved in three iterative sessions. The initial results supported efficiency of VIPCare and suggested a low task load index.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>We presented a first step toward understanding caregiver needs and developing an application that can help reduce negative interactions between professional caregivers and those with dementia.</p>","PeriodicalId":43319,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Rehabilitation and Assistive Technologies Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/2b/71/10.1177_20556683211061998.PMC8796076.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39749913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jennifer L Keller, Fan Tian, Kathryn C Fitzgerald, Leah Mische, Jesse Ritter, M Gabriela Costello, Ellen M Mowry, Vadim Zippunikov, Kathleen M Zackowski
{"title":"Using real-world accelerometry-derived diurnal patterns of physical activity to evaluate disability in multiple sclerosis.","authors":"Jennifer L Keller, Fan Tian, Kathryn C Fitzgerald, Leah Mische, Jesse Ritter, M Gabriela Costello, Ellen M Mowry, Vadim Zippunikov, Kathleen M Zackowski","doi":"10.1177/20556683211067362","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/20556683211067362","url":null,"abstract":"Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a leading cause of disability affecting people typically between the ages of 20 and 50 years, with negative impacts on their quality of life. Although medications may reduce the risk of relapses for those with relapsing remitting MS (RRMS), there are limited treatments to slow disability accrued from the progressive subtypes of MS. Measuring disability accrual relies on self-report or the use of clinical measures. Clinical measures for MS suffer from limitations in their ability to detect changes in function that relate to disease progression or intervention responsiveness. For example, the Expanded Disability Status Scale is a widely accepted raterbased categoricalmeasure that provides an overview of disability in people with MS; however, it has limited reliability and sensitivity for detecting small meaningful changes in motor function. 3,4 Walk tests such as the Timed 25-foot Walk and Timed-Up and Go are objective and reliable but only provide quantitative information about a moment in time, limiting the capture of daily (or even hourly) performance fluctuations that may provide an early indication of progression. Self-reported outcomes offer valuable personal perspectives but rely on memory recall, which could be confounded with cognitive changes or depression and anxiety. The heterogeneity of impairments in MS makes it challenging to find an objective outcome measure that reflects a person’s overall disability including daily fluctuations, that can be implemented in a standard way and demonstrates ecological validity. New biophysical markers that can be tailored to a person’s disability, applied in a person’s natural environment, and are simple to apply are greatly needed. Recent studies have turned to the use of motion sensors, such as accelerometers, aiming to develop a new gold standard for quantifying walking mobility. The wearable accelerometer is a non-invasive, objective, and inexpensive technology that records human movement in realtime in a real-world context. Accelerometry data are simple to acquire, making it possible to objectively study physical activity in awide range of individuals at an unprecedented temporal level (i.e., at minute level) in a person’s free-living environment. However, the methods used to analyze accelerometry data often fall well short of the richness of the accelerometry data. Current analysis methods largely rely on aggregated data summaries of either activity intensity or duration of active times defined for activity counts above a certain threshold; the data are often summarized in daily totals which leads to a loss of detail about diurnal distribution of physical activity over 24-h. Use of aggregated data removes the ability to tailor the accelerometry data to a person’s diurnal profile or to use it as a guide for interventions, ultimately expanding its clinical usefulness. To better understand how disease progression affects physical activity, it is possible to evaluate data ","PeriodicalId":43319,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Rehabilitation and Assistive Technologies Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/75/a7/10.1177_20556683211067362.PMC8771734.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39962767","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Fengpei Yuan, Amir Sadovnik, Ran Zhang, Devin Casenhiser, Eun Jin Paek, Xiaopeng Zhao
{"title":"A simulated experiment to explore robotic dialogue strategies for people with dementia.","authors":"Fengpei Yuan, Amir Sadovnik, Ran Zhang, Devin Casenhiser, Eun Jin Paek, Xiaopeng Zhao","doi":"10.1177/20556683221105768","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/20556683221105768","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Persons with dementia (PwDs) often show symptoms of repetitive questioning, which brings great burdens on caregivers. Conversational robots hold promise of helping cope with PwDs' repetitive behavior. This paper develops an adaptive conversation strategy to answer PwDs' repetitive questions, follow up with new questions to distract PwDs from repetitive behavior, and stimulate their conversation and cognition.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We propose a general reinforcement learning model to interact with PwDs with repetitive questioning. Q-learning is exploited to learn adaptive conversation strategy (from the perspectives of rate and difficulty level of follow-up questions) for four simulated PwDs. A demonstration is presented using a humanoid robot.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The designed Q-learning model performs better than random action selection model. The RL-based conversation strategy is adaptive to PwDs with different cognitive capabilities and engagement levels. In the demonstration, the robot can answer a user's repetitive questions and further come up with a follow-up question to engage the user in continuous conversations.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The designed Q-learning model demonstrates noteworthy effectiveness in adaptive action selection. This may provide some insights towards developing conversational social robots to cope with repetitive questioning by PwDs and increase their quality of life.</p>","PeriodicalId":43319,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Rehabilitation and Assistive Technologies Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/03/ef/10.1177_20556683221105768.PMC9174559.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10454969","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
L. Hayden, Ferzana Chaze, Ashwin Kamath, Andrea Azevedo, Destanee Bucko, Alexandra Jackson, Christianne Reyna, Yara Kashlan, M. Dubé, Jacqueline De Paula, Kathryn Warren-Norton, Kate Dupuis, L. Tsotsos
{"title":"Implementation of a Virtual Reality recreation program in long-term care","authors":"L. Hayden, Ferzana Chaze, Ashwin Kamath, Andrea Azevedo, Destanee Bucko, Alexandra Jackson, Christianne Reyna, Yara Kashlan, M. Dubé, Jacqueline De Paula, Kathryn Warren-Norton, Kate Dupuis, L. Tsotsos","doi":"10.1177/20556683211070994","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/20556683211070994","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction This manuscript describes the implementation of a Virtual Reality (VR) recreation program at long-term care sites across Ontario, Canada, using the RE-AIM Framework to guide the implementation and its evaluation. Methods We developed a VR recreation program to enhance the lives of long-term care residents, through 3 sequential phases. In Phase 1, we learned about resident and staff needs through focus groups, staff surveys and observations. In Phase 2, we developed 10 VR experiences, based on the data from Phase 1. In Phase 3, we implemented the VR experiences and supporting manual and measured their implementation, using the RE-AIM Framework. Results We found the VR program to be highly (but not consistently) implementable across all sites. Factors that supported implementation were the following: resident interest in the content and technology, relative ease of use for staff to implement and formally integrating VR into the recreation calendar. Factors that impeded implementation were the following: the size of the headset, inability for the headset to cast given the sites' Information Technology infrastructure and some content that was not engaging. Conclusions VR programs are highly implementable and this implementation is enhanced by integration of the program into existing recreational systems, ease of use and resident engagement.","PeriodicalId":43319,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Rehabilitation and Assistive Technologies Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41357945","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yue Zhou, Devin Box, K. G. Hardy, M. Jenkins, Jayne S. Garland, M. Naish, A. L. Trejos
{"title":"Survey-based identification of design requirements and constraints for a wearable tremor suppression device","authors":"Yue Zhou, Devin Box, K. G. Hardy, M. Jenkins, Jayne S. Garland, M. Naish, A. L. Trejos","doi":"10.1177/20556683221094480","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/20556683221094480","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction Parkinsonian tremor has severely impacted the lives of 65% of individuals with Parkinson’s disease, and nearly 25% do not respond to traditional treatments. Although wearable tremor suppression devices (WTSDs) have become a promising alternative approach, this technology is still in the early stages of development, and no studies have reported the stakeholders’ opinions on this technology and their desired design requirements. Methods An online survey was distributed to affected Canadians and Canadian movement disorder specialists (MDS) to acquire information on demographics, the current state of treatments, opinions on the WTSDs, and the desired design requirements of future WTSDs. Results A total of 101 affected individuals and 24 MDS completed the survey. It was found that both groups are generally open to using WTSDs to manage tremor. The most important design requirement to end users is the adaptability to lifestyle, followed by weight and size, accurate motion, comfort, safety, quick response, and cost. Lastly, most of the participants (65%) think that the device should cost under $500. Conclusions The findings from this study can be used as guidelines for the development of future WTSDs, such that the future generations could be evaluated and accepted by the end users.","PeriodicalId":43319,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Rehabilitation and Assistive Technologies Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47999980","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Mace, S. A. Mutalib, M. Ogrinc, N. Goldsmith, E. Burdet
{"title":"GripAble: An accurate, sensitive and robust digital device for measuring grip strength","authors":"M. Mace, S. A. Mutalib, M. Ogrinc, N. Goldsmith, E. Burdet","doi":"10.1177/20556683221078455","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/20556683221078455","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction Grip strength is a reliable biomarker of overall health and physiological well-being. It is widely used in clinical practice as an outcome measure. This paper demonstrates the measurement characteristics of GripAble, a wireless mobile handgrip device that measures grip force both isometrically and elastically-resisted for assessment and training of hand function. Methods A series of bench tests were performed to evaluate GripAble's grip force measurement accuracy and sensitivity. Measurement robustness was evaluated through repeated drop tests interwoven with error verification test phases. Results GripAble's absolute measurement error at the central position was under 0.81 and 1.67 kg (95th percentiles; N = 47) when measuring elastically and isometrically, respectively, providing similar or better accuracy than the industry-standard Jamar device. Sensitivity was measured as 0.062 ± 0.015 kg (mean ± std; 95th percentiles: [0.036, 0.089] kg; N = 47), independent of the applied force. There was no significant performance degradation following impact from 30 drops from a height >1.5 m. Conclusion GripAble is an accurate and reliable grip strength dynamometer. It is highly sensitive and robust, which in combination with other novel features (e.g. portability, telerehabilitation and digital data tracking) enable broad applicability in a range of clinical caseloads and environments.","PeriodicalId":43319,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Rehabilitation and Assistive Technologies Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43203266","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Javier L. Castellanos-Cruz, Maria F. Gomez-Medina, M. Tavakoli, P. Pilarski, K. Adams
{"title":"Preliminary testing of eye gaze interfaces for controlling a haptic system intended to support play in children with physical impairments: Attentive versus explicit interfaces","authors":"Javier L. Castellanos-Cruz, Maria F. Gomez-Medina, M. Tavakoli, P. Pilarski, K. Adams","doi":"10.1177/20556683221079694","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/20556683221079694","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction Children with physical impairments may face challenges to play because of their motor impairments, which could lead to negative impacts in their development. The objective of this article was to compare two eye gaze interfaces that identified the desired toy a user wanted to reach with a haptic-enabled telerobotic system in a play activity. Methods One of the interfaces was an attentive user interface predicted the toy that children wanted to reach by observing where they incidentally focused their gaze. The other was an explicit eye input interface determined the toy after the child dwelled for 500 ms on a selection point. Five typically developing children, an adult with cerebral palsy (CP) and a child with CP participated in this study. They controlled the robotic system to play a whack-a-mole game. Results The prediction accuracy of the attentive interface was higher than 89% in average, for all participants. All participants did the activity faster with the attentive interface than with the explicit interface. Conclusions Overall, the attentive interface was faster and easier to use, especially for children. Children needed constant prompting and were not 100% successful at using the explicit interface.","PeriodicalId":43319,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Rehabilitation and Assistive Technologies Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44520193","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
L. Oldford, N. Hanson, Isabelle Ross, Emma Croken, Lise Bleau
{"title":"Exploring the psychosocial impact of simple robotic assistive technology on adolescents with neuromuscular disease","authors":"L. Oldford, N. Hanson, Isabelle Ross, Emma Croken, Lise Bleau","doi":"10.1177/20556683221087522","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/20556683221087522","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction Adolescents with neuromuscular disease face significant challenges accessing social leisure activities. Assistive technology has provided new opportunities for those with neuromuscular disease to augment their social lives and leisure pursuits. However, there is limited research evaluating the impact of these technologies. Methods This study employed mixed methods to evaluate the potential impact of simple robotics on psychosocial factors and quality of life for those adolescents living with neuromuscular diseases. Semi-structured qualitative interviews were performed, as well as the adult Psychosocial Impact of Assistive Technology Device (PIADS) with 9 adolescents, ranging in age from 13 to 19 years old. Results Thematic analysis of the qualitative data resulted in five major themes: everyday lives and seasonality; socialization; leisure activities; robotics as a leisure activity; and ease of use of robotics. The PIADS found the individual scores demonstrated a range from very little yet positive perceived impact to maximum positive impact in each subscale (competence, adaptability, and self-esteem). Conclusions Simple mainstream robotics, paired with personalized access methods to control them, offer potential leisure and social integration opportunities to adolescents with neuromuscular diseases in a variety of settings, indoors and outdoors. The findings of this study suggest there are opportunities for this type of mainstream technology to be applied not just to adolescents, but potentially children of all ages with neuromuscular disease, across a variety of environments.","PeriodicalId":43319,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Rehabilitation and Assistive Technologies Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43588324","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Accelerated wear testing shows that thermoplastic bushings could be a cost-effective and durable alternative to traditional bearings for wheelchair caster use.","authors":"Jack J Fried, Jon L Pearlman, Anand A Mhatre","doi":"10.1177/20556683221144805","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/20556683221144805","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Wheelchair caster bearings often suffer high-risk failures that lead to adverse consequences such as user injuries, suggesting that design improvements are necessary. This study aimed to compare thermoplastic bushings to standard roller bearings for potential improvements in durability and cost-effectiveness.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The durability and cost-effectiveness of two thermoplastic bushing models and two metallic ball-bearing models were tested using a standard lab-based accelerated wear testing protocol. Bushings and bearings were installed on a standard 8″ caster, and four samples per model underwent testing (16 total samples).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>All failures were experienced by the stem rolling element. The thermoplastic bushings experienced higher mean durability than the standard ball-bearings. There were significant differences in durability across the tested models, <i>F</i>(3,12) = 3.88, <i>p</i> = 0.04. The durability of thermoplastic bushing #2 was higher than the standard type ZZ shielded deep groove ball bearings, <i>p</i> < 0.05. There were significant differences in cost-effectiveness across the tested models, <i>F</i>(3,12) = 7.64, <i>p</i> = 0.004. The cost-effectiveness of both thermoplastic bushings were significantly higher compared to type 2RS sealed deep groove bearings, <i>p</i> < 0.05.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The use of thermoplastic bushings can lower product cost and potentially reduce caster failures in the community that are associated with adverse consequences including user injuries.</p>","PeriodicalId":43319,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Rehabilitation and Assistive Technologies Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/7d/64/10.1177_20556683221144805.PMC9742721.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10363093","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}