Rose Gagnon, Krista L Best, Brandon Alexis Valencia Ariza, François Routhier
{"title":"Validation of an innovative algorithm for detecting self-propulsion in manual wheelchair users.","authors":"Rose Gagnon, Krista L Best, Brandon Alexis Valencia Ariza, François Routhier","doi":"10.1177/20556683251374577","DOIUrl":"10.1177/20556683251374577","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Actimetry is increasingly used to measure physical activity (PA) for manual wheelchair (MWC) users. However, conversion of raw data into interpretable PA outcomes remains imprecise, and the differentiation between propulsion and non-propulsion is challenging. Using a previously developed algorithm, the objectives of this study were to: (1) measure the accuracy of total distance collected, and (2) validate the algorithm's accuracy in differentiating between self-propulsion and non-propulsion.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Experimental study consisting of two data collection sessions. Actimetry data (Actigraph GT3X+) were collected indoors (controlled conditions) during 100 repetitions (n = 40 MWC propulsion, n = 60 pushing the MWC) over three distances (10, 50 and 100 m). Actimetry data were also collected outdoors (uncontrolled condition) during self-propulsion over 1000 m (10 repetitions). Descriptive statistics (mean and standard deviation) with confidence intervals and accuracy measures (percentage of true value) were conducted for each trial.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The algorithm measured total distance covered indoors with an excellent accuracy (98.9% to 99.8%). It differentiated between self-propulsion and non-propulsion with an accuracy between 96.2% and 99.2% under controlled condition, and between 91.3% and 100.0% under uncontrolled condition.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The algorithm tested allowed precise measurement of total distance covered, as well as an excellent discrimination between self-propulsion and non-propulsion.</p><p><strong>Preprint: </strong>Gagnon R, Best KL and Routhier F. Validation of an innovative two-part algorithm for detecting self-propulsion in manual wheelchair users. <i>medRxiv</i> 2024: 2024.2011.2014.24313548. DOI: 10.1101/2024.11.14.24313548.</p>","PeriodicalId":43319,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Rehabilitation and Assistive Technologies Engineering","volume":"12 ","pages":"20556683251374577"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12464429/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145186936","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Assessing and quantifying the interactions between spasticity, proprioception, and motor function of the upper limb after stroke: A meta-analysis.","authors":"Jasmine Usher, Jacqui Morris, Alejandra Aranceta-Garza","doi":"10.1177/20556683251372085","DOIUrl":"10.1177/20556683251372085","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The objective of this study was to carry out a systematic review and meta-analysis of available literature on the relationships between spasticity, proprioception and motor function of the upper limb post-stroke.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Using the terms: stroke; movement; proprioception; spasticity; rehabilitation; and upper limb, a systematic search was conducted on Scopus, PubMed and Web of Science from database inception to November 2023. A study must have assessed two of spasticity, proprioception, or motor function of the upper limb post-stroke to be included. Random-effects meta-analyses were conducted to investigate changes in time and strength of correlations between variables.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Fifty-two studies were included. Over time, spasticity increased (OR = 0.5, p = 0.0475); proprioception and motor function impairments decreased (OR = 3.15, <i>p</i> < 0.0001; OR = 3.21, <i>p</i> < 0.0001, respectively). The correlation between spasticity and proprioception was weak (r = 0.33, <i>p</i> = 0.0283); between proprioception and motor function was moderate (r = 0.45, <i>p</i> < 0.0001); and between spasticity and motor function was moderate (r = 0.55, <i>p</i> < 0.0001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Despite the limitation of heterogeneity in the available evidence, relationships between variables were illustrated. Moderate correlations between proprioception and both spasticity and motor function suggest proprioception should be an important target for personalised rehabilitation interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":43319,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Rehabilitation and Assistive Technologies Engineering","volume":"12 ","pages":"20556683251372085"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12444069/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145114539","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Holly Wilson-Jene, Rachel Cowan, Rachel Post, Jon Pearlman
{"title":"Drum rolling resistance consistently predicts SmartWheel rolling resistance and resultant force for manual wheelchair wheels and casters.","authors":"Holly Wilson-Jene, Rachel Cowan, Rachel Post, Jon Pearlman","doi":"10.1177/20556683251374919","DOIUrl":"10.1177/20556683251374919","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Introduction:</b> Minimizing repetitive strain (RS) is a key recommendation from clinical practice guidelines for preservation of upper limb. Propulsion force, which is required to overcome wheel rolling resistance (RR), is a major source of RS. A drum-based RR test method has been developed but has not been directly validated against propulsion forces. A previous validation study compared Drum versus treadmill RR, with excellent consistency (intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) = 0.94) and accuracy. <b>Methods:</b> Drum RR system estimates (N = 192) were compared to SmartWheel RR measurements and resultant force (Fres) for multiple wheelchair setups and surfaces. We hypothesized that Drum RR will consistently predict SmartWheel RR and Fres based on ICC and accuracy based on Bland Altman limits of agreement (LOA) and coefficient of determination (R<sup>2</sup>). <b>Results:</b> RR ICC = 0.966, 95%CI [0.955-0.975], mean difference between methods (4.2 N), and LOA [+/-5.5 N], which varied by surface. Drum RR explained 88% (R<sup>2</sup>) of SmartWheel RR variability. Drum RR prediction of Fres ICC = 0.83, 95%CI [0.77-0.87], explaining 60% of variability. <b>Conclusions:</b> Drum RR consistently predicts SmartWheel RR with excellent reliability and reasonable accuracy, and predicts Fres with good reliability and reasonable accuracy, reinforcing the validity of Drum RR for predicting system-level RR, and use guiding wheel selection to reduce RS.</p>","PeriodicalId":43319,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Rehabilitation and Assistive Technologies Engineering","volume":"12 ","pages":"20556683251374919"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12409041/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145013360","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Letter to the Editor: Regarding citation in: \"Effectiveness of orthotic devices in the treatment of forward head posture: A systematic review\".","authors":"Hussein Youssef","doi":"10.1177/20556683251375060","DOIUrl":"10.1177/20556683251375060","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":43319,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Rehabilitation and Assistive Technologies Engineering","volume":"12 ","pages":"20556683251375060"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12391701/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144973313","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hanaan H Z Deen, Iris C Levine, Roger E Montgomery, Steven Pong, Alison C Novak
{"title":"Suction cup handholds have low efficacy in laboratory evaluation with typical bathing conditions and wall materials.","authors":"Hanaan H Z Deen, Iris C Levine, Roger E Montgomery, Steven Pong, Alison C Novak","doi":"10.1177/20556683251370322","DOIUrl":"10.1177/20556683251370322","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Suction cup handholds are sometimes recommended by Occupational Therapists for bathing transfers when permanent grab bars are not feasible. The efficacy of suction cup handholds on typical bathroom surfaces is unknown.</p><p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study evaluated the efficacy and failure characteristics of two brands of suction cup handholds on six typical bathtub wall surfaces, under environmental and loading conditions associated with bathing.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Eighteen suction cup handholds underwent controlled longevity testing under wet and dry conditions in separate sessions. Handhold efficacy was evaluated through (a) visual inspection, (b) manual manipulation, and (c) controlled loading, with days to failure and other failure details as outcome measures.</p><p><strong>Findings: </strong>No handhold-wall sample combinations were effective over the 28 day test period, with at least one handhold on each wall sample failing on day one. Handhold failure was most frequently due to sliding along the wall surface, and occurred most frequently during manual manipulation testing.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Handhold efficacy was poor in a controlled experimental environment. These results can inform clinicians of the risks suction cup handholds pose and assist in clinical recommendations against their use.</p>","PeriodicalId":43319,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Rehabilitation and Assistive Technologies Engineering","volume":"12 ","pages":"20556683251370322"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12379541/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144973290","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The effects of wrist hand orthosis use on upper limb activity and difficulty in activities of daily living: Influence of material and design differences.","authors":"Junya Hirata, Manabu Yoshimura, Keiko Inoue","doi":"10.1177/20556683251372060","DOIUrl":"10.1177/20556683251372060","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Wrist hand orthoses are widely used in rehabilitation to improve hand function and alleviate pain. However, their use may restrict wrist motion, causing functional disabilities in activities of daily living (ADLs). This study aimed to evaluate the effects of wrist hand orthoses on upper limb activity during daily life, focusing on differences between padded fiberglass and thermoplastic wrist hand orthoses.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>35 healthy, right-handed adults wore two types of wrist hand orthoses (padded fiberglass and thermoplastic) for 24 h during daily activities. Upper limb activity was measured using accelerometers, while ADL difficulties were evaluated using the Hand20 questionnaire. Activity levels were compared across no-orthosis, fiberglass, and thermoplastic orthosis conditions.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Both wrist hand orthoses significantly reduced upper limb activity (magnitude ratio and use ratio) compared to the no-orthosis condition (p < 0.05). The Hand20 scores indicated greater ADL difficulties under both orthotic conditions, with no significant difference between the two types of orthoses (p > 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Wrist hand orthoses restrict wrist and forearm motions, reduce upper limb activity, and increase perceived ADL difficulties. No significant differences were observed between fiberglass and thermoplastic orthoses, suggesting comparable effects on daily life. Design modifications can improve user comfort and functionality.</p>","PeriodicalId":43319,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Rehabilitation and Assistive Technologies Engineering","volume":"12 ","pages":"20556683251372060"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12378486/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144973256","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Cilie Åsberg, Arve Isak Opheim, Matthijs Ferdinand Wouda
{"title":"Changes in arm and hand function after four weeks robot-assisted arm training in stroke survivors.","authors":"Cilie Åsberg, Arve Isak Opheim, Matthijs Ferdinand Wouda","doi":"10.1177/20556683251358277","DOIUrl":"10.1177/20556683251358277","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>This study aimed to explore the relationship between training volume during 4 weeks of robot-assisted arm training (RAAT) and changes in arm-and hand function, grip strength, gross motor skills, spasticity, and daily activities.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Twenty participants, >18 years of age, in subacute phase following stroke, with impaired arm function admitted to Sunnaas Rehabilitation Hospital, completed 4 weeks robot-assisted arm training (45 min, 3-5 times a week). Before and after this intervention, the participants' arm and hand function, grip strength, gross motor dexterity, spasticity and activities of daily living were assessed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The key findings of this study indicated no association between training volume and improvements in arm and hand function, grip strength, gross motor dexterity, spasticity, or activities of daily living. Also, no significant associations between changes in arm and hand function and age, gender, or affected side. However, subgroup analysis showed significant improvements in arm-hand function for participants with shorter time post-stroke (<i>p</i> = 0.01) and better initial arm and hand function (<i>p</i> < 0.0001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These findings highlight the importance of early initiation and individualized treatment based on initial function when using robot-assisted arm training in stroke survivors.</p>","PeriodicalId":43319,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Rehabilitation and Assistive Technologies Engineering","volume":"12 ","pages":"20556683251358277"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12357030/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144875811","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Rithika Lakshminarayanan, Alexandra Canori, Melissa Nunn, Shivayogi V Hiremath, Stephen Intille
{"title":"Harnessing social support to empower individuals with spinal cord injury to increase physical activity levels: Observations from feasibility studies.","authors":"Rithika Lakshminarayanan, Alexandra Canori, Melissa Nunn, Shivayogi V Hiremath, Stephen Intille","doi":"10.1177/20556683251364779","DOIUrl":"10.1177/20556683251364779","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>We report findings from two feasibility studies with persons with SCI that aimed to leverage social support to increase PA: a two-week study with nine participants and a four-week study with six participants.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>We recruited a total of 17 participants across two phases (10 participants in Phase 1 and seven participants in Phase 2). In dyads, participants used a smartphone-smartwatch application that we iteratively developed based on participant feedback. The application delivered just-in-time support based on measured PA and encouraged reciprocal self-disclosure to increase closeness within dyads.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Participants found the delivery of messages during detected PA to be motivational. Some liked automatically sharing tracked PA with others and did not have privacy concerns about doing so, and most preferred exchanging real-time messages more than context- or activity-triggered messages. Participants also expressed that feeling connected to their partner increased motivation to engage in PA.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Participants expressed that they liked being able to connect with individuals with shared life experience to exchange encouraging messages. There are, however, challenges that need to be addressed before a large-scale deployment of this technology, including user concerns about automatically detected activity.</p>","PeriodicalId":43319,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Rehabilitation and Assistive Technologies Engineering","volume":"12 ","pages":"20556683251364779"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12319211/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144785572","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Assessing patient use and satisfaction with ankle foot orthoses and service: A cross-sectional study in a tertiary care hospital.","authors":"Lall Sanya Prarthana, Chauhan Pooja, Bansal Avijit, Handa Gita","doi":"10.1177/20556683251359194","DOIUrl":"10.1177/20556683251359194","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The Study was done to examine the use, non-use, the quality of clinical advice, challenges in acquiring AFOs (Ankle Foot Orthosis), and user satisfaction, using a WHO based Rapid Assistive Technology Assessment (rATA) and Quebec User Evaluation of Satisfaction with Assistive Technology (QUEST) questionnaire. The cohort (n = 100) consisted mainly of males (71%) and residents of city (82%). It was found that 98 subjects were under advice from healthcare providers to use an AFO but only 59 subjects were using AFO at present. Common complaints were pain, fitting related and social stigma among users. The majority of the subjects (87%) paid for their AFOs. It was found that the majority of the subjects were \"more or less satisfied\" with the device however 59% strongly agree that they dislike the appearance of their AFO and 37% were completely dissatisfied with the accessibility of their home and surroundings while using the AFO. It is evident that we should work on improving the design and fit of the orthosis so that the acceptance and satisfaction improves. This study also explores the possibility of usage of rATA for the specific assistive Technology (like AFO in this context) assessment. It was observed that patients often have high expectations regarding a cure with the use of an AFO. Therefore, it is essential for service providers to explain that the AFO is intended to improve function rather than provider a cure. This mismatch of understanding may contribute to dissatisfaction by patients using AFOs, hence user education is essential along with technology provision.</p>","PeriodicalId":43319,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Rehabilitation and Assistive Technologies Engineering","volume":"12 ","pages":"20556683251359194"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12317181/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144776423","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Effectiveness of orthotic devices in the treatment of forward head posture: A systematic review.","authors":"Reza Hamzelouie, Mokhtar Arazpour, Mahmood Bahramizadeh, Iraj Abdollahi, Akbar Biglarian, Yasna Shokri","doi":"10.1177/20556683251362878","DOIUrl":"10.1177/20556683251362878","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Forward head posture (FHP), defined as the anterior positioning of the cervical spine where the head protrudes forward in relation to the body's vertical line, has become increasingly common, primarily due to sedentary lifestyles and extensive use of technology, impacting approximately 66% of the population. This condition frequently leads to secondary hyperkyphosis and various musculoskeletal problems, highlighting the urgent need for effective intervention strategies. A systematic review was performed across multiple databases, including Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar, encompassing studies published until June 2024. The review specifically targeted studies utilizing orthotic devices to address FHP. Two independent reviewers screened titles and abstracts, followed by comprehensive data extraction using a standardized form. The review included 10 studies involving a total of 450 patients with FHP. The findings demonstrated that orthotic devices significantly enhance postural parameters, notably improving spinal alignment and reducing FHP. However, the studies also underscored the necessity for better device design to improve comfort and usability for patients. Orthotic devices exhibit considerable potential in improving postural conditions associated with FHP. Future research should concentrate on optimizing device design and examining long-term effectiveness to enhance clinical application and patient outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":43319,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Rehabilitation and Assistive Technologies Engineering","volume":"12 ","pages":"20556683251362878"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12314262/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144776424","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}