EGE ACADEMIC REVIEW最新文献

{"title":"FORMATION OF MACROECONOMIC INDICATORS UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF MICE-TOURISM","authors":"K. Zhylenko, S. Khalatur, O. Pavlenko, O. Pavlenko","doi":"10.32342/2074-5354-2022-2-57-19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32342/2074-5354-2022-2-57-19","url":null,"abstract":"The international tourism industry faces a wide range of unique challenges, the solution of which will make it possible to revive the functioning of the industry and offset the unique scale of turbulence in 2022. In our opinion, in modern conditions a proven and effective tool is activation and development of services in the structure of MICE tourism. An analysis of modern scientific research on the effectiveness of the development and functioning of international tourism suggests that there is a wide range of unresolved issues that require additional analysis. The analyzed materials of scientific research allow to draw a conclusion about the indisputable influence of the tourist business on the formation and development of the economic potential of the region at the macro-levels. At the same time, tourism is in close interaction with the geographical, economic, innovative, ecological component. The dynamics, pace and nature of this interaction is affected by a wide range of determinants, which under certain conditions that under certain conditions set the vector and level of influence of tourism business on the overall potential of the region. Specialization and concentration in the production process ensures the sustainable development of the business entity and increases its level of competitiveness in its segment of operation. Differentiation according to the specialization in the provision of tourist services by type will allows to more fully reveal the potential of a particular tourist destination. The purpose of our research is to determine the impact of international MICE tourism on the formation of macroeconomic performance indicators of the region, namely the gross domestic product (GDP) and foreign direct investment (FDI). Using the methods of correlation-regression analysis and dispersion analysis, a close relationship between the number of MICE-tourism events and the level of GDP and FDI was established. For analysis, the top 10 leading countries in business tourism events were selected; data for 2017-2020 were processed. European countries are the leaders in conducting business tourism events (51% of the total volume). In second place, by a large margin (17% of the total volume), are the countries of North America. The study of indicators of the dynamics and structure of international business events by topic for the period 2017–2020 revealed the top five: medicine, technology, science, education, industry, social sciences. The results of the study have showed that the indicators of the number of conducted MICE-events in the region and the level of economic effect from their implementation are directly proportional to the level of GDP and FDI attracted in the region. In addition, it was established that such a region as China stands out from the general trend.","PeriodicalId":43307,"journal":{"name":"EGE ACADEMIC REVIEW","volume":"194 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75701857","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"THE PRINCIPLE OF COGNITIVE HIERARCHY IN MAKING INDIVIDUAL AND COLLECTIVE DECISIONS","authors":"G. Mazhara","doi":"10.32342/2074-5354-2022-2-57-14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32342/2074-5354-2022-2-57-14","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this study was to analyze the methods of k-levels and cognitive hierarchy, their approbation and application to solve various problems of an individual and collective nature with the help of an applied experiment. The task was to conduct the analysis several times and in different time frames, in several iterations. Effects such as cooperation and additional information were additionally investigated since in addition to individual decision-making under conditions of asymmetric information, a second attempt was also offered, after everyone heard the winners and heard the results of the first attempt, i.e., the information was symmetrical and available to everyone. At the third attempt, it was suggested to join any groups and make collective decisions. The experiment was conducted on the basis of differently formed groups. Students of specialized fields of education of various years of study, and scientific and pedagogical workers with professional education (candidates and doctors of economic, technical, physical and mathematical sciences) were selected. Two models for k-levels, k-LR and cognitive hierarchy (CH), were chosen and built for the study. Although the models are similar, they have some differences. The goal was to compare the indicators of the models with those that will be obtained in practice, and to prove or disprove the relevance of their use in decision-making evaluation. An experiment was conducted, data were collected, and their analysis was carried out by calculating and comparing experimental and model data. As a result, it was established that the experimental results were close to the CH model and not to the k-LR model. Factors such as awareness and cooperation increased the number of higher (deeper) level players at the expense of lower-level players. Changes due to awareness or cooperation occurred, but were not significant, and only brought the experimental results closer to the point of convergence with the model ones, which once again emphasized the possibility of using this model in different circumstances. Under circumstances such as information or cooperation, no optimal solution (saddle point) was found under pure strategies, according to Nash and Pareto. This finding is especially promising for the future economic analysis since it proves that even with an obvious solution to the model, it cannot always be solved according to “classical” theories and equilibrium, and people’s behavior is described by more complex cognitive processes in decisionmaking and operations research.","PeriodicalId":43307,"journal":{"name":"EGE ACADEMIC REVIEW","volume":"131 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79201473","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"COMMUNICATION OF STAKEHOLDERS IN THE PROCESS OF COMMERCIALIZATION OF INNOVATIONS IN THE WORLD MARKET","authors":"V. Shcherbachenko, S. Kotenko, L. Saher, H. Shcholokova","doi":"10.32342/2074-5354-2022-2-57-12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32342/2074-5354-2022-2-57-12","url":null,"abstract":"It is impossible to commercialize innovations without properly selected participants. Participants are the key to building a reliable commercialization chain that can quickly and efficiently turn an idea into an innovative product. However, selecting participants in the innovation commercialization chain is a rather complex, lengthy, and appropriate process. The success and speed of commercialization of innovations depend on it. In addition to selecting participants, it is important to ensure communication between them, i.e., to establish communication at a qualitative level, achieving harmonious relations. Properly built communication interaction will accelerate the introduction of innovations to the market and will contribute to the formation of long-term relationships. The article presents the results of a study of stakeholders in the process of commercialization of innovations. The study’s purpose was to analyze stakeholders’ communications and interaction in the process of commercialization of innovations in the international business environment. To achieve this goal, the following objectives were set: to define the stages of stakeholder analysis of innovation commercialization, analyze the degree of their importance and interest, and determine methods of interaction between stakeholders in the international business environment. The main research methods used in writing the article are comparative analysis of scientific publications and research on the work of commercialization of innovations, generalization and visualization map by VOS viewer software analysis of stakeholders, and methods of interaction in the process of commercialization of innovations, in particular the matrix of stakeholders, the Mendelow’s Matrix (“power/interest” matrix), MitchellAgle-Wood Stakeholder Model, Accountability Scorecard, Stakeholder’s Map. With the help of the VOS viewer software product, a visualization map was created in connection with the concepts of “commercialization of innovations”, “stakeholders” and related ideas based on information from the Scopus database. While working on the article, literary sources were analyzed close to the research topic. The analysis results confirmed the theory of the forms of interaction between stakeholders in the process of innovation commercialization.","PeriodicalId":43307,"journal":{"name":"EGE ACADEMIC REVIEW","volume":"70 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72636308","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ASSESSING THE REGIONAL LABOR MARKET BY USING DATA MINING METHODS: WAYS OF EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING","authors":"L. Harmider, S. Fedulova, Yuliia Bartashevska, Vitalina Komirna","doi":"10.32342/2074-5354-2022-2-57-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32342/2074-5354-2022-2-57-3","url":null,"abstract":"As a result of the uneven development of certain territories, it is more feasible and effective to tackle the practical issues of labor market regulation at the regional level. This ensures sufficient regulation of the system. Since it is necessary to properly account for the regional differences in practice, it is required that these issues be methodologically justified. Therefore, the aim of this paper is to investigate regional labor markets based on indicators of the socio-economic development of regions using the data mining methods. The current study has clustered regions of Ukraine on the basis of the level of their socio-economic development using data mining methods, in particular Kohonen maps and the k-means methods. One of the most critical stages in the assessment of Ukraine’s regions in terms of socio-economic development by using data mining methods is to determine the information base, criteria of evaluation, and a list of estimates. The data mining methods have gained much popularity in the assessing regional differentiation. The conducted analysis based on data mining methods included the use of the Deductor software, which includes the following analytical algorithms: neural networks, Kohonen’s self-organizing maps, autocorrelation and regression, associative rules, decision trees. For our study, we used the cluster analysis method based on Kohonen’s self-organizing maps as one of the most popular and frequently used methods for solving problems of the regional economy and assessing the differentiation of regions. In the context of our task, the result of cluster analysis is clusters of regions, united by indices of socioeconomic development. The main aspects of the socio-economic and demographic development of the regions are characterized by a set of statistical indicators related to four blocks of key factors: 1. Assessment of the demographic situation in a region. 2. Assessment of the social situation in a region. 3. Assessment of the economic situation in a region. 4. Assessment of the organizational environment in a region. The study, by no means, claims to detect all the dependences in the labor market related to all the above-mentioned factors. Based on public data, given in the statistical yearbook “Ukraine in Figures” (2020), by using mathematical methods (correlation-regression and cluster analysis), we obtained two groups of factors that characterize different aspects of the socio-economic and demographic development. The ranking of the regions by the level of extensive and intensive development shows that the development of the regions in Ukraine mainly proceeds in the extensive path of development. Almost all regions of Ukraine demonstrate a low level of intensive development. The integrated coefficient of intensive development for many territories is far from a maximum value; there are well distinguishable and huge discrepancies in the levels of the regions’ intensive development. Such a gap between the natural an","PeriodicalId":43307,"journal":{"name":"EGE ACADEMIC REVIEW","volume":"84 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89431415","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ECONOMIC DYNAMICS OF DESIGN IN THE CONTEXT OF INTERNATIONAL EXPERIENCE","authors":"Elfana Nasimi Gasimova, Lala Hamlet Mammadova, Gulchohra Salehzadeh, N. B. Huseynova","doi":"10.32342/2074-5354-2022-2-57-16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32342/2074-5354-2022-2-57-16","url":null,"abstract":"The transition from a raw model of development to a creative one, the transformation into a technologically dynamic country capable of developing, producing, and applying high technologies, innovations for large-scale production of competitive goods and services, are considered the most significant components of the strategy for modernizing the economy at the present stage. The study mainly discusses the concept of “creative economy”, its main characteristics, principles, and the international experience of the design economy. Attention is also paid to the consideration of design as a tool and factor in the country’s economic development. The main purpose of writing the article is to study the expanded innovative reproduction system of the economy, to identify its main structural elements. In the last decade, the intensification of globalization, regionalization, modernization and transformation of the economic system has led to a kind of creative development, whose direction and pace are determined by man as an innovator, which increases the relevance of the research topic. The methodological basis of the research was the works of German and other foreign scientists on the problems of economic design. The following research methods were used to perform the tasks: monographic (to study the principles of management of the economic system); system-structural (to study the essence of sustainable economic design); institutional (to study the application of the design problem in institutions); abstract-logical (to make theoretical and methodological generalizations and formulate the results). The main result of the research over time is that the study of the relationship between economics and culture in existing economic models allows for a more in-depth study of the phenomenon of creativity as a factor in innovative processes. The development of research on the role of culture in the formation of human capital can be useful in the study of the main categories of economic development, such as productivity, innovation, creativity. Changes in the focus of cultural economics from the study of cultural heritage and art (welfare model and neoclassical model), as well as a reconsideration of the concept and content of culture, which we observe in these models, can lead to changes in cultural development. Originality/scientific novelty. The scientific novelty of the research consists of its plan and the points that were clarified for the first time. The rationality of the funds allocated by the state for creativity, the inactivity of business in this area, the lack of scientific research, the reduction in the number of researchers and engineers were cited as factors hindering the development of the creative economy. Practical value/implications. The practical significance of the research is related to the fact that the research topic, i.e, the creative economy, affects not only the creation of new products, but also their production methods. For example, pra","PeriodicalId":43307,"journal":{"name":"EGE ACADEMIC REVIEW","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88963506","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY THROUGH MOTIVATING EMPLOYEES IN TYPICAL STATE-OWNED ECONOMIC GROUPS IN VIETNAM","authors":"Phan Minh Duc, Duong Ngoc Anh","doi":"10.32342/2074-5354-2022-2-57-17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32342/2074-5354-2022-2-57-17","url":null,"abstract":"In Vietnam, among 10 biggest economic groups (SEGs), four representatives, which are Viettel, Mobifone (belonged to VNPT in the period 1994-2016), Bao Viet Insurance (belonging to Bao Viet Group), Petroleum Insurance (belonging to PVN Group), have been ranked in the top list of 100 most desired employers in the market by Anphabe. This means that the working environment at the parent company or some subsidiaries of these four groups retains good employees and constantly attracts new talents to join. However, with the great potential and incentives on resources received from the Government, the business performance indicators of those State Economic Groups are not really commensurate. The root of the problem lies in the motivation of the workers. Also, the picture of corporate social responsibility is also much more energetic when the business situation of the groups becomes positive. When international partners and importers require Vietnamese enterprises to comply with global standards on occupational safety, worker health care, and environmental protection, Vietnamese enterprises will have stronger motivation to change and improve their performance, which means increased competitive advantage in the globally integrated environment. Therefore, this paper focuses on the relationship between CSR and the process of motivating employees to suggest new and more groundbreaking research directions on this issue in the future. This study is one of very few studies which have examined the potential relationship between Corporate Social Responsibility and Employee Motivation, with a look from the inside of the company towards the outside connection with society, communities and the customers. The effects can be imposed in back-and-forth directions between CSR and Employee Motivation activities of the company.","PeriodicalId":43307,"journal":{"name":"EGE ACADEMIC REVIEW","volume":"50 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91262028","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"MEASURING THE PARTICIPATION OF COUNTRIES IN GLOBAL VALUE CHAIN","authors":"I. Pavlovska, Viktoriia Khaustova, I. Hubarieva","doi":"10.32342/2074-5354-2022-2-57-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32342/2074-5354-2022-2-57-4","url":null,"abstract":"The article is devoted to the generalization and systematization of the main theoretical approaches and practical methods of measuring the participation of countries or industries in global value chains (GVC). The work provides the definition and main content of global value chains. It has been noted that the growing role of global value chains and their importance not only changes the approach to the ways of generating income and ensuring economic growth, but also gives an awareness that the most important driver of economic growth of an industry or country is direct participation in global value chains. Significant arguments have been presented in favor of the participation of countries in global value chains. Summarizing the existing methods of calculating the degree of a country’s participation in global value chains, the authors have singled out four index based methods: Index of Vertical Specialization, Export complexity index, GVC participation index and GVC position index. Index of Vertical Specialization assumes using data on the country’s expenditure-output for the distribution of the value of imported foreign goods contained in export products of a certain industry in this country, on the total export value of the industry. Export complexity index based on export volume and income of a country that participates in global value chains, as well as the export of goods of a specific country and the industry index of goods to measure the national product index. GVC participation index is measured in terms of the value of goods and services added as a result of trade. GVC position index shows the “status” of a certain industry in a country: the higher the value, the higher the “status” of a certain industry in the country’s global value chain, and vice versa. The main formulas for calculating indices, advantages and disadvantages of their use have been presented. Thus, it has been proven that the GVC participation index, which is based on the Index of Vertical Specialization, reflects the dynamics of the integration of countries in the GVC and allows for inter-country and inter-industry comparative analysis, but does not provide an opportunity to assess the benefits received from participation in the GVC. The use of the GVC Status Index allows to solve this task both at the country and at the sectoral level. It has been proposed to use GVC participation index and GVC position index as a basis for analyzing Ukraine’s participation in global value chains. This will allow not only to reveal the degree of Ukraine’s participation in the modern international division of labor but also, based on the conclusions of such an analysis, to develop recommendations for improving the place of Ukraine in the GVC and change the position of Ukraine from a raw material supplier country to a raw material processing country.","PeriodicalId":43307,"journal":{"name":"EGE ACADEMIC REVIEW","volume":"2014 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86528062","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"THE PECULIARITIES OF POVERTY RESEARCH IN THE COUNTRIES OF THE WORLD","authors":"R. Kliuchnyk, E. Lymonova","doi":"10.32342/2074-5354-2022-2-57-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32342/2074-5354-2022-2-57-2","url":null,"abstract":"The article attempts to generalize some features of the study of poverty in the modern world. The use of various indicators that demonstrate the level of poverty has been shown. It has been explained that GDP per capita is one of the most accurate ways of assessing the economic development of the state. It has been demonstrated that all the poorest countries are located on the African continent. Almost all of them used to be colonies of European empires, and now they face political instability, civil wars, natural disasters, etc. These problems have been considered on the examples of Niger and Egypt. Another indicator of poverty is the percentage of people living below the poverty line. The difficulty of using this indicator is that national poverty lines in different countries can differ significantly. According to this indicator, 8 African and 2 Latin American countries (Guatemala and Haiti) are in the top ten. The Global Hunger Index (GHI) has been considered, according to which African countries and Syria are among the top ten starving countries. It should be noted that for some countries there is very little data on the number and share of the hungry. When studying the situation in some countries (North Korea, Turkmenistan, Somalia, etc.), it should be borne in mind that the governments of these countries do not always publish real official statistics, and those data that get into the mass media are not always true. It has been proven that the Human Development Index (HDI) is an integrated indicator that can be used to study the problem of poverty. It has been shown that 10 countries with the lowest HDI are located in Africa. Their place in this ranking is influenced not only by material factors, but also by the average life expectancy and education. Africa is still a continent with a large number of illiterate people. The Corruption Perceptions Index is also important for the study of poverty, because corruption slows down reforms and harms transparent market relations. Therefore, it becomes one of the factors of poverty. Using the statistics provided by Transparency International, we have found out that the most corrupt countries are more evenly distributed around the globe, among them are not only African ones, but also Asian and Latin American states. It can be summarized that the nature of poverty is different in the developed and developing countries. In the developing countries, natural conditions, peculiarities of the organization of socioeconomic life, the political system and even the personality of political leaders are important. In the developed countries, poverty is mostly a consequence of individual psychological characteristics, behaviour, specific life circumstances, etc. In these countries, poverty can be easily overcome.","PeriodicalId":43307,"journal":{"name":"EGE ACADEMIC REVIEW","volume":"74 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88952572","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"USING CLUSTER ANALYSIS TO ASSESS FINANCIAL STABILITY AS AN OBJECT OF MANAGERIAL IMPACT OF REGIONAL COMPETITIVE IMMUNITY","authors":"Inna Strelchenko, Johanna Koczar, V. Pysarkova","doi":"10.32342/2074-5354-2022-2-57-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32342/2074-5354-2022-2-57-9","url":null,"abstract":"The relevance of considering and analyzing financial stability and competitive immunity at the meso-level in modern conditions is increasing due to changes in the state of both the economic and social spheres. It was found that the “competitive immunity of the territory” reflects a number of new characteristics of modern territorial-regional-interregional competition in the global economy, which distinguishes it from the concept of economic security both at the macro and meso levels. The paper considers the category of “competitive immunity of the region”, which implies the possibility of survival of the peripheral territories of the regions of Ukraine and maintaining their high level of competitiveness. In accordance with the accepted concept of competitive immunity, three problemarea blocks were identified: information-digital approach; information and digital technologies; cost and reputation management, which include objects of managerial influence necessary to evaluate the transition of competitive immunity to sustainable functioning. The main aspect in the study of the financial stability of the local regional budgets as an integral part of the competitive immunity of the region was the search for criteria and the development of a methodology for evaluating efficiency. The following performance indicators of local budgets were used: budget revenues; budget spending; intergovernmental transfers from the state budget; tax revenues; the amount of equalization subsidies; non-tax revenues; average population. An applied study of the methodology for assessing the financial sustainability of the budget as an object of managerial influence at the local level was carried out on the example of selected indicators of local budgets of all regions of Ukraine for 2018-2020. The calculation of the selected indicators was made on the basis of statistical data on the local budgets implementation, reports and decisions of regional councils on the regional budget. The distribution of the initial data set into clusters was analyzed with help of the Deductor business analytical platform, using the k-means clustering algorithm and Kohonen maps. Based on the results of the k-means algorithm, it was found that it is advisable to divide the sample for classifying regions into three groups. To compare and evaluate the effectiveness of the results obtained, as well as to supplement the analysis of the financial stability of the regions of Ukraine, Kohonen maps were used using the Deductor business analytical platform. It was revealed that both methods allow efficient clustering of data in a multidimensional space. The results of clustering obtained by different methods are consistent with each other and, when applied in a complex manner, make it possible to classify the elements of the sample with maximum likelihood and minimum error. The regions of Ukraine were grouped according to the financial stability of the local budget into three groups: regions with high fina","PeriodicalId":43307,"journal":{"name":"EGE ACADEMIC REVIEW","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81794634","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY AND WEIGHT OF THE NON-OIL SECTOR IN THE ECONOMY OF AZERBAIJAN","authors":"I. Mahmudova, Vusal Mubariz Guliyev, Asli Kazimova","doi":"10.32342/2074-5354-2022-2-57-20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32342/2074-5354-2022-2-57-20","url":null,"abstract":"After the collapse of the USSR, the socialist system collapsed in Azerbaijan, as well as in other allied states. That collapse completely destroyed almost all sectors of the country’s economy, especially the non-oil sector. This means that the period of recession in both the oil and non-oil sectors in the country reached its peak. The stagnation of the country’s economy was felt in many areas. It should be noted that agriculture, tourism, manufacturing, and engineering reached such a decline that the country became dependent on imports in most areas. The transition to economic development after such a tense situation in the country’s economy was remembered by our economists by highlighting three historical stages of the development of Azerbaijani economy in the period after the restoration of independence. The following stages ca be singled out: 1) A period of economic recession, 1991-1994. 2) A period of stability and consistent growth beginning, 1994-2003. 3) A period of dynamic development, 2003- until now. The period from 1991 to 1994 is considered the first period for the economy development. During that period, the political and socio-economic situation in the country became more complicated. According to the statistics provided for this period, during 1991-1994, the gross domestic product (GDP) decreased by 16.5 per cent annually. It is also known that in Azerbaijan, especially in the non-oil sector, a decrease in industrial production by 10% in 1991, 37% in 1992 and 50% in 1993 compared to 1985 was recorded. As a result of the collapse of the USSR, the production areas were almost completely out of order, and as a result, the level of unemployment increased to a high level. Again, referring to the statistics of that period, we can say that in 1991-1995, the monetary income of the population in real terms decreased by 3.3 times, and monetary income per capita decreased on average by 3.6 times. In parallel with this, the wages of the population decreased by 5.7 times. Since the times of the USSR, in agriculture, which has strong production and economic potential for Azerbaijan, the cultivated area of the main crops, the number of livestock has decreased sharply, and the level of production has almost fallen to the state of recession. Comparing 1996 with 1990 on the basis of given statistical data, it can be concluded that in 1996 agricultural production in the Republic decreased by more than 2-3 times. In parallel with this, the tense situation in agriculture also had a negative impact on the processing sector. Based on the calculations, it was found that in 1995, compared with 1993, the production of cereals and legumes decreased by 19.7%, cotton production – by 3.7%, tobacco production – by 74%, vegetable production – by 13%, fruit production – by 6.4%. At the same time, that trend was observed in meat and eggs production. During that period, meat production decreased by 10 thousand tons, egg production – by 128.7 million units. It was fo","PeriodicalId":43307,"journal":{"name":"EGE ACADEMIC REVIEW","volume":"109 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82072934","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}