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The Tundra Yukaghir Language in a Multilingual Environment: A Longitudinal Research 多语言环境中的苔原育卡吉尔语：纵向研究
IF 0.4
Journal of Language Contact Pub Date : 2024-06-18 DOI: 10.1163/19552629-01701003
Maria Pupynina, Nikolai Vakhtin
{"title":"The Tundra Yukaghir Language in a Multilingual Environment: A Longitudinal Research","authors":"Maria Pupynina, Nikolai Vakhtin","doi":"10.1163/19552629-01701003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/19552629-01701003","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The article presents the results of a longitudinal study of the language situation in a multilingual village of Andryushkino (northeast of the Sakha Republic). It is one of two localities where the endangered Tundra Yukaghir (<span style=\"font-variant: small-caps;\">TY</span>) language is still used. Data on <span style=\"font-variant: small-caps;\">TY</span> proficiency were collected in this village by one of the authors in 1987 and then, 35 years later, by the other author in 2022. In both cases, the same methodology for assessing the degree of language competence (<span style=\"font-variant: small-caps;\">DLC</span>) with the help of experts was used. Comparison of data from 1987 and 2022 shows a significant decrease in <span style=\"font-variant: small-caps;\">DLC</span> in younger and middle-aged generations. Our data include 13 people whose <span style=\"font-variant: small-caps;\">DLC</span> was assessed in both studies. The degree of <span style=\"font-variant: small-caps;\">TY</span> competence in six cases out of thirteen has increased over 35 years. The article provides several possible explanations for this growth against the background of linguistic biographies of the speakers and the multicultural and multilingual environment of the village of Andryushkino.</p>","PeriodicalId":43304,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Language Contact","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2024-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141513499","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Linguistic Variability across Four Generations of Basque Spanish Speakers: From the Regional Preverbal Double Negation Construction to the Standard Variant 巴斯克西班牙语四代人的语言变异性：从地区性前言双否定结构到标准变体
IF 0.4
Journal of Language Contact Pub Date : 2024-05-24 DOI: 10.1163/19552629-01604001
Ager Gondra
{"title":"Linguistic Variability across Four Generations of Basque Spanish Speakers: From the Regional Preverbal Double Negation Construction to the Standard Variant","authors":"Ager Gondra","doi":"10.1163/19552629-01604001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/19552629-01604001","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The present study uses the apparent-time construct to analyze cross-generational variability of the preverbal double negation construction (i.e., yo <em>tampoco no</em> voy a la fiesta ‘I’m not going to the party either’), traditionally cited as a regional characteristic of the Spanish spoken in the Basque Country. An acceptability judgment task and a semi-structured interview were carried out among four different age groups. The results show that speakers of the two older generations tend to accept and produce the regional construction significantly more than speakers of the two younger generations, who favor the Standard Spanish variant (yo <em>tampoco</em> voy a la fiesta ‘I’m not going to the party either’). It is suggested that this trend is mainly due to the participants’ different language contact situations (Thomason and Kaufman, 1988) and levels of formal education. Since older speakers grew up in a situation of shift via interference and with lower levels of formal education, they prefer the preverbal double negation construction, which was already a norm in the regional Spanish. However, younger speakers grew up in a language maintenance situation and have relatively high formal education levels, factors that have conditioned dialectal leveling in this case.</p>","PeriodicalId":43304,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Language Contact","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2024-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141166410","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Layers of Lexical Borrowing in Long-Term Contact Rooted among Ancient Crops from Mali’s Bandiagara Region 扎根于马里班迪亚加拉地区古老作物之间的长期接触中的词汇借用层次
IF 0.4
Journal of Language Contact Pub Date : 2024-05-24 DOI: 10.1163/19552629-01604003
Abbie Hantgan
{"title":"Layers of Lexical Borrowing in Long-Term Contact Rooted among Ancient Crops from Mali’s Bandiagara Region","authors":"Abbie Hantgan","doi":"10.1163/19552629-01604003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/19552629-01604003","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In this research, the People and Plants method illuminates language interactions in Eastern Mali’s Bandiagara Region. Home to six linguistic groups, the Bandiagara Escarpment has sheltered two populations for at least 800 years, though their pre-cliff origins are unclear. Historical empires might have driven them to this defensible terrain, with fertile lands anchoring them. Notably, evidence points to early pearl millet domestication not far from here, a Sahelian staple, around 5,000 years ago. Examining current plant-related lexemes across local languages and contrasting with distant, unrelated languages offers insights into older forms. Merging these findings with external data depicts language contact layers. Modern Bandiagara residents, likely with pre-existing botanical knowledge, may have been influenced by the ‘Mande Expansion’ and its vast West African trade routes.</p>","PeriodicalId":43304,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Language Contact","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2024-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141166255","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Mouthing Constructions in 37 Signed Languages: Typology, Ecology and Ideology 37 种手语中的发音结构：类型学、生态学和意识形态
IF 0.4
Journal of Language Contact Pub Date : 2024-05-24 DOI: 10.1163/19552629-01604004
Felicia Bisnath
{"title":"Mouthing Constructions in 37 Signed Languages: Typology, Ecology and Ideology","authors":"Felicia Bisnath","doi":"10.1163/19552629-01604004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/19552629-01604004","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The descriptive contribution of this paper is a typology of mouthing constructions in 37 signed languages and an analysis of the ideologies and resources that affect their documentation. The languages are divided into two categories labelled <em>deaf</em> (n=26) and <em>rural</em> (n=11), that are defined based on socio-historical/-cultural properties, but which have been problematised for their conflation of multiple linguistic ecologies (Kusters, 2009: 200; Nyst, 2012; Reed, 2019; Safar, 2020). The analysis is used to argue that phenomena like mouthing are marginalised in documentation, as opposed to marginal, and that the deaf-rural divide tracks differences that are more related to issues of documentation than contexts of language use and emergence. The Semiotic Repertoires approach (Kusters et al., 2017) is used to motivate the unit of analysis, the mouthing construction, and Uniformitarianism in Creole linguistics (Mufwene, 2000; DeGraff, 2005) is used as a lens onto signed language typology.</p>","PeriodicalId":43304,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Language Contact","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2024-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141166406","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Variable Contrast in Border Uruguayan Spanish /b/: From Cognates to Orthographic Loyalty 乌拉圭边境西班牙语 /b/ 的多变对比：从同源词到正字法忠诚度
IF 0.4
Journal of Language Contact Pub Date : 2024-05-24 DOI: 10.1163/19552629-01604002
Michael Gradoville, Mark Waltermire, Julie Engelhardt
{"title":"Variable Contrast in Border Uruguayan Spanish /b/: From Cognates to Orthographic Loyalty","authors":"Michael Gradoville, Mark Waltermire, Julie Engelhardt","doi":"10.1163/19552629-01604002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/19552629-01604002","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study addresses variation in the realization of intervocalic /b/ in the Spanish of Rivera, Uruguay, a border community that is bilingual in Portuguese and Spanish. While Spanish has one phoneme that corresponds to the graphemes ⟨b⟩ and ⟨v⟩, which is normally realized as an approximant or deleted intervocalically, Portuguese contrasts a voiced bilabial stop phoneme /b/ with a voiced labiodental fricative phoneme /v/. Sociolinguistic interviews from 40 native speakers of Riverense Spanish were analyzed acoustically using a consonant-vowel intensity ratio as a correlate of the degree of constriction in the realization of intervocalic /b/. Results indicate that speakers that use more Portuguese are more likely to contrast degree of constriction in words with Portuguese /b/ and /v/ cognates. Speakers that primarily use Spanish, on the other hand, contrast constriction based on orthography, a phenomenon that has been called “pedantic v” and “orthographic loyalty” in other Spanish varieties.</p>","PeriodicalId":43304,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Language Contact","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2024-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141166405","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Language Islands Worldwide – Theoretical and Methodological Issues: What Can We Learn from Language Island Research? 全球语言岛 - 理论与方法问题：我们能从语言岛研究中学到什么？
IF 0.4
Journal of Language Contact Pub Date : 2024-05-15 DOI: 10.1163/19552629-01602002
Peter Rosenberg
{"title":"Language Islands Worldwide – Theoretical and Methodological Issues: What Can We Learn from Language Island Research?","authors":"Peter Rosenberg","doi":"10.1163/19552629-01602002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/19552629-01602002","url":null,"abstract":"<p>What can we learn from language island research? Answers drawn from German language island research refer to linguistics, ethnology and language politics. German language islands in Russia and Brazil are on the way to language shift. The varieties of these communities display varying degrees of decomposition and simplification in terms of morphology. Regular and irregular morphology are developing differently. How could these differences be explained? What is the impact of language contact? To what extent does variation within language change depend on the distinctiveness of this linguistic community? The contribution is about comparative language island research, relating linguistic results to the ethnographic background and the conditions of language politics.</p>","PeriodicalId":43304,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Language Contact","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2024-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141062576","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Le berbère zénaga de Mauritanie: Un îlot (bilingue) en pleine terre 毛里塔尼亚泽纳加柏柏尔人：地球中央的（双语）岛屿
IF 0.4
Journal of Language Contact Pub Date : 2024-05-15 DOI: 10.1163/19552629-01602008
Catherine Taine-Cheikh
{"title":"Le berbère zénaga de Mauritanie: Un îlot (bilingue) en pleine terre","authors":"Catherine Taine-Cheikh","doi":"10.1163/19552629-01602008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/19552629-01602008","url":null,"abstract":"<h2>Résumé</h2><p>Il existe, dans le sud-ouest de la Mauritanie, un îlot de locuteurs parlant une variété de berbère appelée le zénaga. Dans cet îlot, devenu entièrement bilingue, la pratique de l’arabe ḥassāniyya est devenue beaucoup plus courante que celle du berbère et ne cesse de se renforcer. L’article comporte trois parties après l’introduction. La première, consacrée à la situation actuelle des zénagophones, précise leur territoire, leur nombre, les valeurs qu’ils attribuent aux langues qu’ils parlent et ce qu’elles représentent par rapport à leur identité culturelle. La seconde porte sur l’histoire de la région et plus particulièrement celle des populations berbérophones, présentes au Sahara ouest-africain depuis le néolithique, qui connurent leur heure de gloire au <span style=\"font-variant: small-caps;\">XI</span><sup>e</sup> siècle avec l’épisode almoravide et un enclavement très progressif après l’arrivée des Bäni Ḥassān. La dernière partie propose une étude linguistique qui permet de situer le zénaga par rapport aux autres parlers berbères, de le comparer avec le parler tetserret qui lui est le plus proche et d’évaluer les effets du contact avec les langues voisines.</p>","PeriodicalId":43304,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Language Contact","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2024-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141146085","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
L1 Attrition and Repair in Remnant Language Islands: The Case of Kyanga (Eastern Mande, Niger Congo) 残余语言岛的 L1 消减与修复：基扬加（尼日尔刚果东部曼德语）案例
IF 0.4
Journal of Language Contact Pub Date : 2024-05-15 DOI: 10.1163/19552629-01602012
Henning Schreiber
{"title":"L1 Attrition and Repair in Remnant Language Islands: The Case of Kyanga (Eastern Mande, Niger Congo)","authors":"Henning Schreiber","doi":"10.1163/19552629-01602012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/19552629-01602012","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Sociolinguistically, isolation can be seen as a speech-community event which is commonly the result of migration, e.g., if speakers from a larger speech community migrate into a language island, leading to contact-induced variation. Another type of language island results from extensive language shift when a formerly larger language area shrinks to a remnant speech community, an enclave. The literature shows, however, that in both cases ethno-linguistic vitality is precarious, and that the impact of language contact is observable at all levels. Nevertheless, the question arises as to whether contact-induced variation is sociolinguistically distinct from variation in an enclave island. The paper describes the enregisterment of semi-speech and repair strategies similar to ‘L1 creolisation’ in an endangered Eastern Mande language, Kyanga, spoken on the border of Benin/Nigeria.</p>","PeriodicalId":43304,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Language Contact","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2024-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141062625","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Akie as a Language Island 作为语言岛的秋江
IF 0.4
Journal of Language Contact Pub Date : 2024-05-15 DOI: 10.1163/19552629-01602004
Christa König, Bernd Heine, Karsten Legère
{"title":"Akie as a Language Island","authors":"Christa König, Bernd Heine, Karsten Legère","doi":"10.1163/19552629-01602004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/19552629-01602004","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The traditional hunter-gatherer group of Akie in Tanzania provides a paradigm example of a language island. Separated from its linguistic relatives by hundreds of kilometres, with no contact whatsoever between the two, the Akie are struggling for survival, both economically and linguistically.</p>","PeriodicalId":43304,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Language Contact","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2024-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141062539","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A Language Island in a Sea of Sand: The Case of Siwa (Egypt) 沙海中的语言岛：锡瓦案例（埃及）
IF 0.4
Journal of Language Contact Pub Date : 2024-05-15 DOI: 10.1163/19552629-01602011
Valentina Schiattarella
{"title":"A Language Island in a Sea of Sand: The Case of Siwa (Egypt)","authors":"Valentina Schiattarella","doi":"10.1163/19552629-01602011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/19552629-01602011","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The Siwi language is spoken in the Siwa oasis in the Egyptian Western Desert. It is the easternmost place where a Berber variety (Afro-Asiatic) is spoken. Siwi is not the only language spoken in the oasis, as the entire population speaks at least one variety (Bedouin and/or Egyptian) of Arabic. Siwi speakers can be firmly differentiated from Egyptians or Bedouins settled in the oasis not only because of their language, but also because of an entire set of customs and traditions that contribute to creating their identity. Though recent factors brought by modernity are levelling the gap between Siwa and the other communities, and Arabic influence on the language is increasing, this article discusses some distinctive historical, socio-cultural and linguistic features of Siwa.</p>","PeriodicalId":43304,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Language Contact","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2024-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141062573","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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