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Conflict, rockets, and birth outcomes: evidence from Israel's Operation Protective Edge 冲突、火箭和出生结果:来自以色列护刃行动的证据
IF 1.3 4区 经济学
Journal of Demographic Economics Pub Date : 2022-08-05 DOI: 10.1017/dem.2022.18
Shirlee Lichtman-Sadot, N. BENSHALOM-TIROSH, E. Sheiner
{"title":"Conflict, rockets, and birth outcomes: evidence from Israel's Operation Protective Edge","authors":"Shirlee Lichtman-Sadot, N. BENSHALOM-TIROSH, E. Sheiner","doi":"10.1017/dem.2022.18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/dem.2022.18","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 In summer 2014, southern Israel experienced rocket attacks from the Hamas-ruled Gaza strip on a nearly daily basis for over 50 consecutive days. We exploit this unexpected escalation in the Israeli-Palestinian conflict and variation across localities in Israel in the amount of sirens that warned of rocket attacks to measure the effect of conflict intensity on birth weight and gestation length among pregnant women during this period. In addition to the common notion that conflict intensity induces stress and anxiety, we show changes in prenatal care in response to sirens. This maternal behavioral response varies based on socioeconomic status, which ultimately differentially affected birth outcomes. While mothers ranked high socioeconomically likely had the resources to increase their prenatal care and shield their fetuses from the negative shock of sirens, mothers ranked low socioeconomically did not have these resources and even decreased prenatal care.","PeriodicalId":43286,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Demographic Economics","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41809967","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
Has the COVID-19 pandemic widened the gender gap in paid work hours in Spain? 新冠肺炎疫情是否扩大了西班牙带薪工作时间的性别差距？
IF 1.3 4区 经济学
Journal of Demographic Economics Pub Date : 2022-08-05 DOI: 10.1017/dem.2022.15
Maite Blázquez, Ainhoa Herrarte, A. I. Moro-Egido
{"title":"Has the COVID-19 pandemic widened the gender gap in paid work hours in Spain?","authors":"Maite Blázquez, Ainhoa Herrarte, A. I. Moro-Egido","doi":"10.1017/dem.2022.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/dem.2022.15","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 This paper analyzes the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on the within-household gender gap in relation to paid work hours in full-time employed heterosexual couples in Spain. Using the Spanish Labor Force Survey (2019–2020) and a difference-in-differences method, we analyze three stages of the pandemic: strict lockdown, de-escalation, and partial closures to study the short-term effects and potential medium-term effects on gender inequality in terms of paid work hours. Our results suggest that during the strict lockdown period there was a tendency to fall back on traditional family gendered patterns to manage the work–life balance, especially when young children are present in male-headed households. However, this phenomenon seems to be a short-term consequence of the pandemic. The sector of activity (essential or non-essential) has also played a key role, the gender gap increased in male-headed households with female partners employed in non-essential sectors.","PeriodicalId":43286,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Demographic Economics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49397920","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Hong Kong wives say no to a big family—educational pairings and fertility in Hong Kong 香港妻子拒绝香港大家庭教育配对和生育率
IF 1.3 4区 经济学
Journal of Demographic Economics Pub Date : 2022-07-29 DOI: 10.1017/dem.2022.17
Skylar Biyang Sun, Xiaohang Zhao
{"title":"Hong Kong wives say no to a big family—educational pairings and fertility in Hong Kong","authors":"Skylar Biyang Sun, Xiaohang Zhao","doi":"10.1017/dem.2022.17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/dem.2022.17","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 We used the 2016 Hong Kong Census data and the diagonal reference model to investigate the effects of partners' educational pairings on fertility in Hong Kong. Our findings suggest a negative relationship between couples' educational achievements and their fertility. Moreover, males' educational attainment is more consequential of whether having children or not and both males' and females' educational attainments are determinants of the number of children to raise. In addition, the more educated a wife is relative to her husband, the less likely the couple is to have children. Once these educationally hypogamous couples have at least one child, they tend to have fewer children than their homogamous counterparts. By contrast, couples with a relatively more educated male are more likely to have children and tend to rear more children than those in educationally homogamous marriages.","PeriodicalId":43286,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Demographic Economics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43253638","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Oil discoveries and gender inequality 石油发现和性别不平等
IF 1.3 4区 经济学
Journal of Demographic Economics Pub Date : 2022-07-25 DOI: 10.1017/dem.2022.16
Anca M. Grecu, Edner Bataille
{"title":"Oil discoveries and gender inequality","authors":"Anca M. Grecu, Edner Bataille","doi":"10.1017/dem.2022.16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/dem.2022.16","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Some studies suggest that resource-rich countries tend to allocate talent and investment toward the resource sector and away from manufacturing or agriculture reducing the competitiveness of these other sectors. Because mining overwhelmingly employs men, when other sectors shrink so do employment opportunities for women (Ross, 2008). This could significantly affect core social structures. Using plausibly exogenous variation in natural resource wealth due to giant oil discoveries and an event study design, this paper finds that giant oil discoveries are associated with relatively worse female outcomes as measured by higher male/female population ratios, higher teen birth rates, and lower educational attendance of tertiary education among women relative to men. However, the impact on health outcomes tapers off within 8 years. Additionally, during periods of increasing oil prices, there is no significant evidence of such effects possibly due to an income effect.","PeriodicalId":43286,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Demographic Economics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47192863","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Legally ever after: How did 1986 immigration reform affect marriage? 从法律上讲：1986年移民改革如何影响婚姻？
IF 1.3 4区 经济学
Journal of Demographic Economics Pub Date : 2022-06-16 DOI: 10.1017/dem.2022.14
Aaron M. Gamino
{"title":"Legally ever after: How did 1986 immigration reform affect marriage?","authors":"Aaron M. Gamino","doi":"10.1017/dem.2022.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/dem.2022.14","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 This paper is the first to study the effects of the Immigration Reform and Control Act of 1986 on marriage rates between foreign-born individuals and natural-born citizens. Using marriage license data, I find that gains to marriages involving a native bride and foreign groom decrease by 0.2 log points. The decrease in is driven by reductions in gains to marriages involving a Mexican groom or a non-Canadian, non-Mexican groom. I do not find evidence that the effects differed for states with lower educational attainment or higher shares of illegal immigrants.","PeriodicalId":43286,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Demographic Economics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47333280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Son preference and low birth weight for girls 重男轻女和女孩出生体重过低
IF 1.3 4区 经济学
Journal of Demographic Economics Pub Date : 2022-06-07 DOI: 10.1017/dem.2022.13
Hyunkuk Cho
{"title":"Son preference and low birth weight for girls","authors":"Hyunkuk Cho","doi":"10.1017/dem.2022.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/dem.2022.13","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 While previous studies have confirmed the negative effects of son preference on the prenatal care received by girls, few have examined its effect on birth outcomes. This study contributes to the literature on son preference by examining this relationship. The degree of son preference is measured by the sex ratio at birth, and the data were obtained from the birth registry of South Korea, which has a long history of strong son preference. We find that girls are more likely to be born with low birth weight when son preference is stronger. In addition, when son preference is stronger, girls are more likely to be born outside hospitals, which implies that mothers conceiving girls make fewer prenatal visits to the hospital when their son preference is stronger.","PeriodicalId":43286,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Demographic Economics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42701924","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Sex of first child: like migrant father, like son 第一胎性别:有外来务工人员父亲，有外来务工人员儿子
IF 1.3 4区 经济学
Journal of Demographic Economics Pub Date : 2022-05-26 DOI: 10.1017/dem.2022.12
Shangxiner Li
{"title":"Sex of first child: like migrant father, like son","authors":"Shangxiner Li","doi":"10.1017/dem.2022.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/dem.2022.12","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 As males in Mexico have the authority in households and dominate migration flows to the US, this paper argues that having a son as the first child provides an early additional candidate for the anchor position in Mexico and for migration trips to the US, making households better off. Fathers with longer migration experiences have higher expectations for future migration trips and stronger incentives to manipulate the sex of their first child. The empirical analysis confirms that by presenting positive effects of fathers’ previous migration experiences on the probability of having a son as a firstborn child, though abortions are widely illegal in Mexico.","PeriodicalId":43286,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Demographic Economics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46269953","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
DEM volume 88 issue 2 Cover and Back matter DEM第88卷第2期封面和封底
IF 1.3 4区 经济学
Journal of Demographic Economics Pub Date : 2022-05-11 DOI: 10.1017/dem.2022.11
{"title":"DEM volume 88 issue 2 Cover and Back matter","authors":"","doi":"10.1017/dem.2022.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/dem.2022.11","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":43286,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Demographic Economics","volume":"88 1","pages":"b1 - b6"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41395843","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
DEM volume 88 issue 2 Cover and Front matter DEM第88卷第2期封面和封面
IF 1.3 4区 经济学
Journal of Demographic Economics Pub Date : 2022-05-11 DOI: 10.1017/dem.2022.10
{"title":"DEM volume 88 issue 2 Cover and Front matter","authors":"","doi":"10.1017/dem.2022.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/dem.2022.10","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":43286,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Demographic Economics","volume":" ","pages":"f1 - f2"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47522381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Income and differential fertility: evidence from oil price shocks 收入与差异生育率:来自油价冲击的证据
IF 1.3 4区 经济学
Journal of Demographic Economics Pub Date : 2022-04-29 DOI: 10.1017/dem.2022.8
Abebe Hailemariam
{"title":"Income and differential fertility: evidence from oil price shocks","authors":"Abebe Hailemariam","doi":"10.1017/dem.2022.8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/dem.2022.8","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 This paper examines the effect of national income on the total fertility rate (children born per woman). We estimate the effects on fertility of shocks to national per capita income using plausibly exogenous variations in oil price shock as an instrument for income and using instrumental variable generalized quantile regressions (IV-GQR). Using data for a panel of 122 countries spanning the period 1965–2020, our results show that national per capita income has generally a negative and significant effect on the total fertility rate. Looking at the entire spectrum of the fertility distribution, the IV-GQR estimates exhibit considerable heterogeneity in the impact of income on fertility. The income elasticity of fertility is relatively low at the upper tail of the distribution (for countries with high fertility) compared to the value at the median.","PeriodicalId":43286,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Demographic Economics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43140242","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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