Digest of Middle East Studies最新文献

Correction to “In Defense of Lebanon: The Special Relationship Between Rashid Karami and Syria (From 1976 Until 1987)” 对“保卫黎巴嫩：拉希德·卡拉米与叙利亚的特殊关系（1976年至1987年）”的更正

IF 1.2

Digest of Middle East Studies Pub Date : 2025-10-14 DOI: 10.1111/dome.70009

引用次数: 0

Saudi Arabia's Commitment and Progress in Achieving Key United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) 沙特阿拉伯在实现联合国主要可持续发展目标方面的承诺和进展

IF 1.2

Digest of Middle East Studies Pub Date : 2025-09-24 DOI: 10.1111/dome.70008

Mhamed Biygautane

引用次数: 0

Crossing Borders and Connecting Feminists: “Global Iran” and Solidarity Protests in Latin America 跨越国界和连接女权主义者：“全球伊朗”和拉丁美洲的团结抗议

IF 1.2

Digest of Middle East Studies Pub Date : 2025-09-24 DOI: 10.1111/dome.70006

Elmira Louie

{"title":"Crossing Borders and Connecting Feminists: “Global Iran” and Solidarity Protests in Latin America","authors":"Elmira Louie","doi":"10.1111/dome.70006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/dome.70006","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The death of Jina Mahsa Amini on September 16, 2022, at the hands of Iran's Morality Police sparked months of protests, both domestically and internationally. This movement established “global Iran,” an interconnected network of people from diverse ethnic, linguistic, and cultural backgrounds who mobilize across identity-based and geographic fault lines. In this paper, I examine the ways Latin American feminist groups blended with the Jina protests and joined global Iran. From a decolonial and transnational feminist theoretical lens, I argue that this blend connected people in its recognition of a collective struggle that acknowledges intersectional difference. My South–South approach focuses specifically on Mexico and Chile due to their histories of Iranian immigration and gender activism. I analyze the protests in these countries and demonstrate how they generated spaces of plurality. Moreover, I claim that Spanish, Persian, and Kurdish-language songs and chants established a decolonial and transnational feminist praxis of solidarity between diverse communities. While most scholarly discourse on the 2022 protests has analyzed the movement's effects on Iran or on the diaspora, I consider the transnational implications. In doing so, I emphasize the communal, rather than national or individual, element of the movement. Through transnational solidarity may we strive towards a life of freedom.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":43254,"journal":{"name":"Digest of Middle East Studies","volume":"34 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145146559","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

More Than a Game: Football and Ethnic Contestation in Contemporary Iran 不仅仅是一场比赛：当代伊朗的足球和民族斗争

IF 1.2

Digest of Middle East Studies Pub Date : 2025-09-15 DOI: 10.1111/dome.70007

Ehsan Kashfi

{"title":"More Than a Game: Football and Ethnic Contestation in Contemporary Iran","authors":"Ehsan Kashfi","doi":"10.1111/dome.70007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/dome.70007","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study examines a particular form of ethnic resentment, namely the use of sport as a medium for expressing repressed ethnic feelings. It focuses on how a sports club, going beyond mere entertainment and athletics, becomes a center for disseminating ethnic sentiments. Specifically, it explores the role of Tractor, a football club founded in Tabriz, in the construction and expression of Azeri identity in Iran. This paper argues that much of the affection for Tractor is owed to the fact that it offers arenas for representing the idea of ethnic distinctiveness for Azeris. It provides the fans with a vehicle for a form of cultural resistance, celebrating an alternative identity different from and opposed to the Persian-centric narrative of Iranianness. For many fans, the club is the most significant single “ethnocultural focus” as it provides the social setting and set of symbolic representations through which their distinct sense of identity is sustained. By providing the Azeris with a distinguishing symbolic reservoir of tales and memories of victorious events, an idealized image of a distinctive public culture, and a narrative of the “other,” as defined in opposition to the Azeri “us,” the club helps to define and maintain an Azeri identity.</p>","PeriodicalId":43254,"journal":{"name":"Digest of Middle East Studies","volume":"34 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/dome.70007","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145062808","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Green Startups Led by Young Entrepreneurs in Tunisia: Transforming the Future With Sustainable Innovation 突尼斯青年企业家领导的绿色创业公司：用可持续创新改变未来

IF 0.6

Digest of Middle East Studies Pub Date : 2025-05-21 DOI: 10.1111/dome.70002

Camila Ponce Lara

{"title":"Green Startups Led by Young Entrepreneurs in Tunisia: Transforming the Future With Sustainable Innovation","authors":"Camila Ponce Lara","doi":"10.1111/dome.70002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/dome.70002","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The Arab Spring resulted in an expansion of social and individual freedoms in Tunisian society, but it also brought political instability, negatively impacting what had long been the country's primary source of employment—tourism. This economic crisis forced many to improvise their own sources of income, and it was in this context that a new ecosystem of green startups emerged in the Tunisian economy. Green startups are innovative and fast-growing companies created by teams of young people, focused on developing innovative, often tech-based solutions to environmental and energy transition problems. Through the implementation of a qualitative methodology based on semi-structured interviews with relevant actors of this ecosystem, this exploratory research has pursued the objectives of analyzing the context of emergence of the green startup ecosystem in Tunisia and studying the profiles and trajectories of the young startup founders at its heart. This article focuses on three cases in particular: an architect who created a bike-based package delivery system; a software engineer who develops software and electronics for agricultural management; and a renewable energies engineer who implemented a high-quality green waste management plan.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":43254,"journal":{"name":"Digest of Middle East Studies","volume":"34 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144108869","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

From Allies to Adversaries: The Impact of Identity Change on Turkish–Israeli Relations 从盟友到对手：身份变化对土以关系的影响

IF 0.6

Digest of Middle East Studies Pub Date : 2025-04-26 DOI: 10.1111/dome.70003

Nurlan Muminov

{"title":"From Allies to Adversaries: The Impact of Identity Change on Turkish–Israeli Relations","authors":"Nurlan Muminov","doi":"10.1111/dome.70003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/dome.70003","url":null,"abstract":"<p>20世纪90年代末, 土耳其和以色列建立了战略合作关系, 这种关系在2000年后恶化, 尤其是在2008年以色列在加沙实施“铸铅行动”之后。现有文献虽然研究了土以关系的若干影响因素, 包括其历史根源和不同方面, 但几乎没有研究聚焦于国家身份变化和自我形象的作用。通过分析身份认同变化作为这种关系中一个关键但经常被忽视的因素, 本文试图解释从合作到冲突的转变。本文论证, 土耳其的国家认同在正义与发展党(JDP)时代发生了重大变化, 这对21世纪初的土以冲突作贡献。在简要述评了有关国际关系中国家认同变化的文献后, 本文分析了一系列随时间推移而改变土耳其国家认同的政治因素。本文随后通过四个案例研究, 阐明了身份认同转变对土以关系的影响, 包括1996年的《军事训练合作协定》、2008年以色列在加沙发起的“铸铅行动”、2009年的“达沃斯事件”、2010年的“蓝色马尔马拉”号危机、以及早期的“阿拉伯之春”。最后, 本文分析了这些案例研究对未来土以关系的启示。</p><p>A finales de la década de 1990, Türkiye e Israel establecieron una relación de cooperación estratégica que se deterioró después del año 2000, en particular tras la “Operación Plomo Fundido” de Israel en Gaza en 2008. Si bien la literatura existente ha examinado varios factores que influyen en las relaciones entre Túrkiye e Israel, incluyendo sus raíces históricas y diversas dimensiones, pocos se han centrado en el papel del cambio de identidad estatal y la autoimagen. Este artículo busca explicar la transición de la cooperación al conflicto examinando el cambio de identidad como un factor crucial, pero a menudo descuidado, en esta relación. El artículo argumenta que la identidad estatal de Türkiye experimentó un cambio significativo durante la era del Partido de la Justicia y el Desarrollo (JDP), lo que contribuyó al conflicto entre Türkiye e Israel desde finales de la década de 2000. Después de revisar brevemente la literatura sobre el cambio de identidad estatal en las relaciones internacionales, el artículo examina los factores políticos que cambiaron la identidad estatal de Türkiye a lo largo del tiempo. El artículo presenta cuatro estudios de caso que ilustran el impacto de este cambio de identidad en las relaciones entre Türkiye e Israel, incluyendo el Acuerdo de Cooperación para el Entrenamiento Militar de 1996, la Operación Plomo Fundido de Israel en Gaza en 2008, el incidente de Davos en 2009, la crisis del Mavi Mármara de 2010 y los inicios de la Primavera Árabe. Finalmente, el artículo concluye analizando las implicaciones de estos estudios de caso para el futuro de las relaciones entre Türkiye e Israel.</p>","PeriodicalId":43254,"journal":{"name":"Digest of Middle East Studies","volume":"34 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143875538","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Neo-Mercantilist Nexus: China's Geoeconomics Strategy in the Middle East—Discourse and Practice 新重商主义的联系：中国在中东的地缘经济战略——论述与实践

IF 0.6

Digest of Middle East Studies Pub Date : 2025-04-14 DOI: 10.1111/dome.70001

Riya Sultana, Ronen A. Cohen

{"title":"The Neo-Mercantilist Nexus: China's Geoeconomics Strategy in the Middle East—Discourse and Practice","authors":"Riya Sultana, Ronen A. Cohen","doi":"10.1111/dome.70001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/dome.70001","url":null,"abstract":"<p>China's Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) has become a cornerstone of its hybrid neo-mercantilist geoeconomics strategy, reshaping the Middle East's geopolitical and economic landscape. This research explores how the BRI enables China to secure energy resources, expand trade networks, and establish strategic infrastructure, thereby advancing its global ambitions in a multipolar world. Unlike traditional Western military-diplomatic approaches, China leverages economic engagement to fill the void left by US retrenchment, competing with powers like Russia, the EU, and India. Focusing on Saudi Arabia, Iran, and the UAE, this study examines how China's economic policies influence regional power dynamics and align with its broader geopolitical ambitions. This research addresses two key questions: To what extent does the BRI redefine China's role in the Middle East compared to other external powers? And does China's growing economic entanglement in the region signal a shift from its traditional noninterference policy toward a more pragmatic and interventionist approach? Using a mixed-methods framework that combines qualitative analysis of policy documents with quantitative evaluation of trade flows and investment patterns, this study concludes that although the BRI strengthens China's regional influence, it also introduces vulnerabilities that may compel a recalibration of its foreign policy. The findings highlight how neo-mercantilism underpins China's evolving role in the Middle East and its impact on global power dynamics.</p>","PeriodicalId":43254,"journal":{"name":"Digest of Middle East Studies","volume":"34 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/dome.70001","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143827039","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Authoritarianism and the Emergence of Parallel State Dynamics: Evidence From the Syrian Earthquake 威权主义与平行国家动态的出现：来自叙利亚地震的证据

IF 0.6

Digest of Middle East Studies Pub Date : 2025-01-30 DOI: 10.1111/dome.12347

Rahaf Aldoughli

{"title":"Authoritarianism and the Emergence of Parallel State Dynamics: Evidence From the Syrian Earthquake","authors":"Rahaf Aldoughli","doi":"10.1111/dome.12347","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/dome.12347","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This article investigates the Syrian regime's strategic manipulation of the February 2023 earthquake to reaffirm its authority and maintain legitimacy. The regime's response to the disaster is analyzed to understand how authoritarian states leverage natural disasters for political gains. It argues that the Assad regime's survival is not merely about governance capabilities but about extending its infrastructural power and political decisions through co-opted civil society organizations. The earthquake highlighted the regime's fragile crisis management capabilities and its reliance on entities like the Syrian Trust for Development (STD) and the Syrian Arab Red Crescent (SARC), which function as quasi-state apparatuses. These organizations, under the guise of civil society, operate as extensions of state power, embodying a “parallel state” structure. Using theoretical frameworks from scholars like Beshara and Gramsci, the article explores the regime's tactics of control, hegemony, and parallelization. It critically examines the blurred lines between state and civil society, emphasizing the regime's manipulation of international aid and the consolidation of its authority in the aftermath of the earthquake. This study contributes to the broader conversation on authoritarian durability, highlighting the complex interactions between state apparatuses and civil society in times of crisis.</p>","PeriodicalId":43254,"journal":{"name":"Digest of Middle East Studies","volume":"34 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/dome.12347","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143121103","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Internationalization of Deterrence: The Case Study of Iran's Biaxial Deterrence in the Middle East 威慑的国际化:以伊朗在中东的双轴威慑为例 La internacionalización de la disuasión: el caso de estudio de la disuasión biaxial de Irán en Oriente Medio The Internationalization of Deterrence: The Case Study of Iran's Biaxial Deterrence in the Middle East 威慑的国际化:以伊朗在中东的双轴威慑为例 La internacionalización de la disuasión: el caso de estudio de la disuasión biaxial de Irán en Oriente Medio

IF 0.6

Digest of Middle East Studies Pub Date : 2025-01-12 DOI: 10.1111/dome.12350

Rahim Baizidi

{"title":"The Internationalization of Deterrence: The Case Study of Iran's Biaxial Deterrence in the Middle East\u0000 威慑的国际化:以伊朗在中东的双轴威慑为例\u0000 La internacionalización de la disuasión: el caso de estudio de la disuasión biaxial de Irán en Oriente Medio","authors":"Rahim Baizidi","doi":"10.1111/dome.12350","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/dome.12350","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The concept of deterrence is central to both international relations and strategic studies, as it endeavors to establish peace through the “threat to reciprocal retaliation.” The Cold War era as the golden age of nuclear deterrence revealed that even the most powerful states are enthusiastic to transfer part of their strategic and military capabilities, such as nuclear weapons, to other states to countering potential threats. By presenting the concept of “internationalization of deterrence,” this article addresses the implementation of Iran's biaxial deterrence in the Middle East. Internationalizing deterrence entails the transfer of military and security capabilities from a deterrent power to allied and cooperative nations, thereby enhancing both the effectiveness and credibility of deterrence measures. The internationalization of deterrence encompasses a variety of strategies, including nuclear sharing, the creation of military bases in foreign countries, the backing of allied groups, and the overseas deployment of missiles. Biaxial deterrence is also an element of Iran's internationalized deterrence strategy, focusing on two interconnected dimensions: aligned groups—protégés—and advancing of their conventional weapons capabilities in the Middle East. Through internationalization of its conventional deterrence, Iran has sought to enhance its deterrent capabilities and credibility while minimizing costs and maximizing effectiveness.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":43254,"journal":{"name":"Digest of Middle East Studies","volume":"34 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143114583","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Advancing Women's Social and Political Rights Through a Reinterpretation of Islamic Law: Ayatollah Jannaati's View of Female Political Authority in Shiite Islam 通过重新解读伊斯兰教法来促进妇女的社会权利和政治权利:阿亚图拉·贾纳蒂对什叶派伊斯兰教中女性政治权威的看法 El fomento de los derechos sociales y políticos de las mujeres a través de una reinterpretación de la ley islámica: la visión del ayatolá Jannaati sobre la autoridad política femenina en el islam chiita Advancing Women's Social and Political Rights Through a Reinterpretation of Islamic Law: Ayatollah Jannaati's View of Female Political Authority in Shiite Islam 通过重新解读伊斯兰教法来促进妇女的社会权利和政治权利:阿亚图拉·贾纳蒂对什叶派伊斯兰教中女性政治权威的看法 El fomento de los derechos sociales y políticos de las mujeres a través de una reinterpretación de la ley islámica: la visión del ayatolá Jannaati sobre la autoridad política femenina en el islam chiita

IF 0.6

Digest of Middle East Studies Pub Date : 2025-01-12 DOI: 10.1111/dome.12351

Masoumeh Rad Goudarzi

{"title":"Advancing Women's Social and Political Rights Through a Reinterpretation of Islamic Law: Ayatollah Jannaati's View of Female Political Authority in Shiite Islam\u0000 通过重新解读伊斯兰教法来促进妇女的社会权利和政治权利:阿亚图拉·贾纳蒂对什叶派伊斯兰教中女性政治权威的看法\u0000 El fomento de los derechos sociales y políticos de las mujeres a través de una reinterpretación de la ley islámica: la visión del ayatolá Jannaati sobre la autoridad política femenina en el islam chiita","authors":"Masoumeh Rad Goudarzi","doi":"10.1111/dome.12351","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/dome.12351","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>One of the most important questions on which Muslim reformers have challenged traditional jurisprudence is that of the institutionalized discrimination against women, with respect to their social and political rights under Islamic jurisprudence. Traditional jurisprudents cite specific verses from the Qur'an and Hadiths and consider the political and social management of Islamic societies to be exclusive to men. Ayatollah Jannaati is one of Iran's leading Shiite Muslim jurisprudents to call for a review of women's rights, based on dynamic jurisprudence, and declares that women, just like men, may hold the highest religious, political, and social positions in Islamic countries, and enjoy equal rights. This article adopts a theological and hermeneutical approach, and references many primary sources in Persian, including Jannaati's books, articles, and interviews, to determine how the new reading of the Qur'an and Hadith, and his unique theological and epistemological presuppositions, have enabled him to issue such a fatwa regarding the political and social rights of women under Islam.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":43254,"journal":{"name":"Digest of Middle East Studies","volume":"34 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143114582","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0