Psychology and Law最新文献_第3页

Value Orientations of Persons That Commit Economic Crimes and Crimes in the Field of Computer Information 经济犯罪和计算机信息领域犯罪者的价值取向

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Psychology and Law Pub Date : 2024-04-04 DOI: 10.17759/psylaw.2024140111

V. Pozdnyakov, V. Petrov, D.V. Deulin

{"title":"Value Orientations of Persons That Commit Economic Crimes and Crimes in the Field of Computer Information","authors":"V. Pozdnyakov, V. Petrov, D.V. Deulin","doi":"10.17759/psylaw.2024140111","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17759/psylaw.2024140111","url":null,"abstract":"Taking into account the growth of economic crimes in Russia in recent years, and especially in the field of computer information, the article presents the materials of studying the value orientations of those who commit them. The data obtained on the basis of the “Value Orientations” method by M. Rokeach indicate a statistically significant contrast in the value preferences of the surveyed subjects who committed economic crimes (according to Section VIII of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation) and crimes in the field of computer information (Chapter 28 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation), and both in terms of individual priorities for terminal values and for the rank statuses of many diverse instrumental values. It is revealed that there is also the closeness of value profiles in the surveyed contrasting subjects of the crimes, which is primarily due to the characteristics of the defectiveness of their moral and legal consciousness: in particular, when ranking terminal values, “creativity” and “the happiness of others” are in the last places in the hierarchy of value preferences, and among instrumental values, the rank weight of a number of socially significant values — “honesty” , “sensitivity”, “tolerance” — is downgraded. Taking into account the results obtained, as well as data on previously conducted domestic and foreign publications, scientifically significant guidelines for the implementation of prevention and for further research have been substantiated.","PeriodicalId":43238,"journal":{"name":"Psychology and Law","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2024-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140744270","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Why People Justify Violence: The Role of Motivational Foundations in Rape Myths Acceptance 人们为何为暴力辩护？接受强奸神话的动机基础的作用

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Psychology and Law Pub Date : 2024-04-04 DOI: 10.17759/psylaw.2024140101

O.A. Ananyeva, I. Prusova, S.A. Zakharova

引用次数: 0

Scientific-Biographical Method in Psychological and Legal Research: from Retrospective and Multivariate Analysis to Methodological Tools for Quality Assessment 心理和法律研究中的科学-生物方法：从回顾分析和多变量分析到质量评估的方法工具

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Psychology and Law Pub Date : 2024-04-04 DOI: 10.17759/psylaw.2024140113

I.V. Afanasieva, I.V. Afanasyev, A.A. Pavlenko

{"title":"Scientific-Biographical Method in Psychological and Legal Research: from Retrospective and Multivariate Analysis to Methodological Tools for Quality Assessment","authors":"I.V. Afanasieva, I.V. Afanasyev, A.A. Pavlenko","doi":"10.17759/psylaw.2024140113","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17759/psylaw.2024140113","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of the article is to determine the scientific and applied potential of the biographical method, and its capabilities in solving a number of methodological and applied problems in the field of psychology and law. Scientific argumentation is based on the use of the key elements of substantive, retrospective, multifactorial, axiological and comparative analysis. An analysis of the phases of personal and social development is presented, each of which determines the composition and nature of the impact on the individual or social relations, depending on the specifics of their basic features in socially sensitive areas. The methodological indicators are identified that are correlates of the scientific and theoretical significance of modern research. The biographical method acts as an independent genre of studying the works of sciences that are significant for these sciences, and as a method of displaying the characteristics of the human factor and social relations. The method is aimed at solving an important methodological problem about the importance of the personality and social relations in the development of science. The applied significance of the method lies in the fact that it acts as an indicator of the quality and as the methodological tools of scientific research in the field of psychology and law.","PeriodicalId":43238,"journal":{"name":"Psychology and Law","volume":"12 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2024-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140745268","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Psychophysiological and Psychoendocrine Approaches in Foreign Studies of Stress Response in Police Officers 国外研究警官压力反应的心理生理学和心理内分泌方法

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Psychology and Law Pub Date : 2024-04-04 DOI: 10.17759/psylaw.2024140115

V. Bulygina, N.T. Ivashkevich, O.Yu. Rashevskaya, M. M. Pronicheva

引用次数: 0

Features of Criminal Behavior of the Accused of the Particularly Serious Crime with Violations of Programming, Regulation and Control Functions of Mental Activity (Part 2) 违反心理活动的编程、调节和控制功能的特别严重犯罪被告人的犯罪行为特征（第二部分）

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Psychology and Law Pub Date : 2024-04-04 DOI: 10.17759/psylaw.2024140112

D. Kashirskiy, O.V. Staroseltseva

{"title":"Features of Criminal Behavior of the Accused of the Particularly Serious Crime with Violations of Programming, Regulation and Control Functions of Mental Activity (Part 2)","authors":"D. Kashirskiy, O.V. Staroseltseva","doi":"10.17759/psylaw.2024140112","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17759/psylaw.2024140112","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of our study was the features of criminal behavior of the accused in the commission of particularly serious crimes in the context of the formation functions of programming and control. The sample consisted of 59 men aged 18—60 years, of those accused of committing particularly serious crimes aimed at a forensic psychiatric examination, the average age was 33.7 years. The methods of neuropsychological examination and psychological analysis of criminal cases were used. Syndrome of defeat of the basal divisions of the frontal lobes, prefrontal syndrome, syndrome of defeat of the medial divisions of the frontal lobes, Postfrontal (premotor) syndrome is most often seen among persons accused of particularly serious crimes. The criminal behavior of the accused in the Commission of particularly serious crimes was characterized by uncritical damage to the basal parts of the frontal lobes. The impulsivity is the main characteristic of the criminal behavior of the accused in especially serious crimes with the defeat of the prefrontal frontal lobe (prefrontal syndrome). Subjects with the defeat of the kinetic (dynamic) factor differed greater rigidity of criminal behavior. The behavior of those accused of committing particularly serious crimes was passive (energy-saving) in violation of the energy factor in the case of damage to the medial parts of the frontal lobes. The obtained results can be used to solve the issues of drawing a portrait of an unknown criminal, as well as in the course of correctional work with persons prone to repeat illegal behavior.","PeriodicalId":43238,"journal":{"name":"Psychology and Law","volume":"26 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2024-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140746169","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Ostracism Threatened Needs Scale (Adolescent, Youth), OTNS-AY (in Russ.) 排斥威胁需求量表（青少年），OTNS-AY（俄语）

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Psychology and Law Pub Date : 2024-04-04 DOI: 10.17759/psylaw.2024140104

E. Boykina, R. Chirkina, D.V. Chumachenko, N.M. Romanova, K. A. Kiselev

{"title":"Ostracism Threatened Needs Scale (Adolescent, Youth), OTNS-AY (in Russ.)","authors":"E. Boykina, R. Chirkina, D.V. Chumachenko, N.M. Romanova, K. A. Kiselev","doi":"10.17759/psylaw.2024140104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17759/psylaw.2024140104","url":null,"abstract":"<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">The article provides data on the standardization of the methodology “Ostracism Threatened Needs Scale (Adolescent, Youth), OTNS-AY (in Russ.)”, which is a modification of the “Need Threat Scale” methodology (I. van Beest, K.D. Williams, 2006). In the Russian version, OTNS-AY is represented by four subscales: the need for belonging, self-esteem, control and meaningful existence. The study involved 2351 people aged 14 to 25 years (M = 18.4 years, SD = 2.59). Distribution of the sample by gender: male 23.9%, female 75.8%. To assess the internal consistency of the questionnaire subscales, Cronbach’s Alpha consistency assessment was used, which showed good consistency of all 4 subscales: “belonging” (0.83), “selfesteem” (0.80), “control” (0.84) and “meaningful existence” (0.84). The general model of the four first-level factors and two second-level factors questionnaire was tested using confirmatory factor analysis, which showed good fit to the data: SRMR=0,046; CFI=0,99 RMSEA=0,043. To assess external validity, the questionnaires “Diagnostics of Affiliation Motives, A. Mehrabian (in Russ.)”, “Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (in Russ.)” and “Purpose-in-Life Test by D. Leontiev (in Russ.)” were used. The appendix to the article contains the text of the OTNS-AY (in Russ.) with instructions, key and interpretation.</p>","PeriodicalId":43238,"journal":{"name":"Psychology and Law","volume":"20 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2024-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140743054","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Model of Social and Psychological Adaptation of Women Married to Foreigners 与外国人结婚的妇女的社会和心理适应模式

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Psychology and Law Pub Date : 2024-04-04 DOI: 10.17759/psylaw.2024140116

O.I. Mironova, L. A. Ruonala

{"title":"Model of Social and Psychological Adaptation of Women Married to Foreigners","authors":"O.I. Mironova, L. A. Ruonala","doi":"10.17759/psylaw.2024140116","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17759/psylaw.2024140116","url":null,"abstract":"The work is devoted to the study of social and psychological adaptation of women who are married to foreigners. As a result of a theoretical study of the problem, a model of social and psychological adaptation of the social group under the study was firstly formulated and proposed. The model consists of four stages (“honeymoon stage”, stage of accumulation of contradictions, stage of depression, stage of integration), four levels (social level, collective level, personal level, level of close relationships), four types (assimilation, separation, marginalization, integration), four corresponding psychological difficulties (prevailing of the compelled contacts in the structure of communication; women’s expectations regarding interaction with society do not coincide with the expectations of society; ideas about oneself as a migrant before moving do not coincide with real ideas about oneself in the new country; the predominance of external motivation when moving to another country (following the husband), as a consequence — loss of work and familiar surroundings) and clinical manifestations (irritability; frustration, deprivation; depression, somatization; intrapersonal conflict). All of them are interconnected and form a single space of consistent changes in accordance with the tasks of adaptation. A distinctive feature of this model is the emphasis on the dynamic changes in the social and mental sphere of the lives of women-migrants in the process of integration into the host society.","PeriodicalId":43238,"journal":{"name":"Psychology and Law","volume":"26 15","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2024-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140744873","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Specific Signs of the Potential Involvement of Employees of the Penitentiary System of the Russian Federation in Corruption-Related Crimes 俄罗斯联邦监狱系统员工可能参与腐败犯罪的具体迹象

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Psychology and Law Pub Date : 2024-04-04 DOI: 10.17759/psylaw.2024140108

Y. Suslov, S. V. Kulakova, L.V. Levitskaya

引用次数: 0

Emotional Intelligence and Empathy in the Self-Regulation of the Activities of Law Enforcement Officers 情商与移情在执法人员活动自我调节中的作用

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Psychology and Law Pub Date : 2024-04-04 DOI: 10.17759/psylaw.2024140107

N. Goncharova, O. A. Zhidkova

{"title":"Emotional Intelligence and Empathy in the Self-Regulation of the Activities of Law Enforcement Officers","authors":"N. Goncharova, O. A. Zhidkova","doi":"10.17759/psylaw.2024140107","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17759/psylaw.2024140107","url":null,"abstract":"В статье обсуждаются особенности эмоционального интеллекта, эмпатии и саморегуляции у сотрудников органов внутренних дел. Цель исследования состояла в определении гендерных и возрастных особенностей данных явлений, структуры их взаимосвязей и влияний. Выборка была представлена сотрудниками полиции Санкт-Петербурга и Ленинградской области общим количеством респондентов 156 человек (мужчины: n = 89; женщины: n = 67). Методы: «Опросник эмоционального интеллекта “ЭмИн”» Д.В. Люсина, «Методика диагностики уровня эмпатических способностей» В.В. Бойко. В результате исследования установлен значимо высокий уровень (при р ≤ 0,05) эмоционального интеллекта у представителей мужской выборки по сравнению с женской, преимущество эмпатических способностей в женской выборке, более высокий уровень эмпатии у представителей младшей группы мужской выборки (18—20 лет). Выявлены особенности взаимосвязей эмоционального интеллекта и эмпатии, обсуждена их роль в эмоциональной саморегуляции. Корреляции, отражающие возможности сознательного эмоционального самоуправления, позволяют прогнозировать стабильность саморегуляции у представителей женской выборки в зависимости от внутренних аспектов, и регуляцию чужих эмоций в зависимости от коммуникативных внешних факторов у представителей группы мужской выборки.","PeriodicalId":43238,"journal":{"name":"Psychology and Law","volume":"5 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2024-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140746309","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Psychological Characteristics of Adults Who Have Experienced Sexual Violence in Childhood or Adolescence 童年或青少年时期遭受过性暴力的成年人的心理特征

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Psychology and Law Pub Date : 2024-04-04 DOI: 10.17759/psylaw.20241401tukhtaeva_lukovtseva

D.A. Tukhtaeva, Z. V. Lukovtseva

{"title":"Psychological Characteristics of Adults Who Have Experienced Sexual Violence in Childhood or Adolescence","authors":"D.A. Tukhtaeva, Z. V. Lukovtseva","doi":"10.17759/psylaw.20241401tukhtaeva_lukovtseva","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17759/psylaw.20241401tukhtaeva_lukovtseva","url":null,"abstract":"The relevance of the study is determined by the contradictory ideas about the psychological characteristics of people who experienced sexual violence in childhood or adolescence. The study was exploratory in nature and had no hypothesis. The sample consisted of 40 adults with experience of sexual violence at the specified ages. Interviews, “Traumatic Stress Questionnaire”, “Unfinished Sentences”, \"Time Perspective Questionnaire”, “Auto- and Heteroaggression Questionnaire”, “Self-Attitude Research Methodology” were used. The relationships between the values were evaluated according to the scales of the methods (Spearman’s r, p≤0.01). The inconsistency and vulnerability of self-attitude, the severity of depressive and anxious experiences, the psychological alienation of the past, and the negative perception of relationships with parents came to the fore. The emotional-protective role of the mnestic-attentive decrease is determined, the resource features of self-attitude and relationships with others are revealed. The importance of further studies of victims of different gender, age and nosological affiliation, as well as comparing the information obtained with the characteristics of victims who did not seek professional help, is substantiated.","PeriodicalId":43238,"journal":{"name":"Psychology and Law","volume":"17 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2024-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140743810","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0