Psychology and Law最新文献_第2页

Reconciliation Discourses and Problems of Institutionalization of Reconciliation Procedures in Criminal Cases 刑事案件中的和解论述与和解程序制度化问题

IF 0.4

Psychology and Law Pub Date : 2024-07-01 DOI: 10.17759/psylaw.2024140217

L. Karnozova

{"title":"Reconciliation Discourses and Problems of Institutionalization of Reconciliation Procedures in Criminal Cases","authors":"L. Karnozova","doi":"10.17759/psylaw.2024140217","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17759/psylaw.2024140217","url":null,"abstract":"The global trend of development of new approaches in criminal proceedings, as well as the emerging domestic practice of restorative justice in the last two decades set objective prerequisites for the institutionalisation of conciliation procedures in criminal cases in Russian law. However, attempts to legislate them have not yet been successful. The author considers the clash of socio-cultural discourses as a key factor of resistance to innovation. The article analyses the difference between the understanding of reconciliation in the concept of restorative justice and the dominant legal discourse on reconciliation in criminal cases, and considers the main ideas of the draft laws developed by the initiative working group of the Public Centre for Judicial and Legal Reform in 2020 and 2021. It is shown that interpreting the characteristics of restorative justice in terms of unproblematised legal axioms contradicts the proposed initiatives. The identification of the discursive grounds behind the different positions, against the background of increasing recognition of the role of reconciliation procedures, is a prerequisite for improving the conceptual system that corresponds to the objectives of modern humanistic criminal justice.","PeriodicalId":43238,"journal":{"name":"Psychology and Law","volume":"28 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141706444","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Neuropsychological Assessment and Verification of Cognitive Impairments in Forensic Psychiatry Patients 法医精神病患者的神经心理学评估和认知障碍验证

IF 0.4

Psychology and Law Pub Date : 2024-07-01 DOI: 10.17759/psylaw.2024140210

D.A. Pilechev, Y. Mikadze, V. Vandysh-Bubko, T.V. Adamovich

{"title":"Neuropsychological Assessment and Verification of Cognitive Impairments in Forensic Psychiatry Patients","authors":"D.A. Pilechev, Y. Mikadze, V. Vandysh-Bubko, T.V. Adamovich","doi":"10.17759/psylaw.2024140210","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17759/psylaw.2024140210","url":null,"abstract":"In modern clinical psychiatry, there is a tendency to introduce the principle of quasi-dimensional assessment, which can be facilitated by the use of specialized diagnostic methods such as neuropsychological examination. The purpose of the study is to clarify the possibilities of neuropsychological examination during forensic psychiatric examination for persons held criminally responsible. As part of the forensic psychiatric examination of persons brought to criminal responsibility on the basis of the Serbsky State Scientific Center for Social and Forensic Psychiatry Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 113 men (age 42±13) were examined with established groups of diagnoses, including organic, personality disorders, as well as schizophrenic spectrum disorders, disorders associated with the use of psychoactive substances. Of these, 50 people were declared “insane” and 63 were “sane”. A neuropsychological examination was performed using qualitative syndrome and quantitative analysis. In individuals with organic mental disorders (OMD), there were more pronounced disorders of neurocognitive functioning compared to those surveyed with other mental disorders. In addition, persons with OMD who were recognized as “insane”, compared with persons recognized as “sane”, had more pronounced disorders in such parameters as: programming, regulation and control, neurodynamic characteristics, auditory—speech memory, with primary interest - frontal (p=0.004), temporal (p=0.004), and subcortical structures (p=0.005). The results of a neuropsychological examination can be used to verify an expert decision at the level of both medical and psychological criteria, primarily in the examination of persons suffering from an organic mental disorder.","PeriodicalId":43238,"journal":{"name":"Psychology and Law","volume":"52 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141714895","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Forensic Schema Therapy: Theoretical Foundations 法医模式疗法：理论基础

IF 0.4

Psychology and Law Pub Date : 2024-07-01 DOI: 10.17759/psylaw.2024140209

E. Surgutskiy, G. Vartanyan

引用次数: 0

The Phenomenon of Schoolshooting and Its Interpretation in the Context of Legal and Psychological Knowledge and Associative Meanings of Future Investigators 学校调查现象及其在法律和心理知识以及未来调查者联想意义中的解释

IF 0.4

Psychology and Law Pub Date : 2024-07-01 DOI: 10.17759/psylaw.2024140213

S. Borisova

{"title":"The Phenomenon of Schoolshooting and Its Interpretation in the Context of Legal and Psychological Knowledge and Associative Meanings of Future Investigators","authors":"S. Borisova","doi":"10.17759/psylaw.2024140213","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17759/psylaw.2024140213","url":null,"abstract":"The reality and severity of the consequences of the phenomenon of schoolshooting*, which has distinctive features that make it possible to recognize it among criminal events, are stated. The imperfection of the definitions of schoolshooting is emphasized, and the need for its interdisciplinary analysis and study by future investigators within the framework of the discipline “Legal Psychology” is stated. The purpose of the study is to identify the features of associative representations of students (future investigators) about schoolshooting and to reveal the semantic content of conceptual connections, based on modern legal and psychological provisions. The survey data were obtained using the association method and are subject to mathematical processing. The main results correlating with the hypotheses are to determine the spectrum and structure of associative ideas about schoolshooting; to establish the consistency of associative ideas with scientific information; to identify the understanding, but at the same time insufficient use of psychological terms by cadets; to characterize schoolshooting based on filling associative-conceptual connections with scientifically based content.","PeriodicalId":43238,"journal":{"name":"Psychology and Law","volume":"5 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141698890","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Tendency Towards Psychologization in Assessing Public Danger 评估公共危险的心理化倾向

IF 0.4

Psychology and Law Pub Date : 2024-07-01 DOI: 10.17759/psylaw.2024140207

V.A. Ilyina

{"title":"Tendency Towards Psychologization in Assessing Public Danger","authors":"V.A. Ilyina","doi":"10.17759/psylaw.2024140207","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17759/psylaw.2024140207","url":null,"abstract":"The article reflects the results of a study of controversial issues of assessing public danger. Conclusions are drawn about the current trend towards psychologization in the assessment of social danger, both in law enforcement practice and in expert activities in assessing the danger of a person to himself or others. The author considers psychologization as a negative phenomenon, comparable to a violation of the boundaries of the professional competence of psychologists. This phenomenon, according to the author, “erodes” the criteria for an objective assessment of social danger due to the introduced subjective signs - the danger of the person who committed the crime. The article notes that the category “public danger” is a conventional criminal law category that does not fully coincide with the generally accepted interpretation of this term. The author believes that the legislative interpretation of concepts is a priority in the research of legal psychology (as opposed to other branches of psychology) and expert practice. The article points out that from the methodological aspects, psychologization is a reduction (reduction) of the complex to the simple, a violation of the laws of logic. The tendency towards psychologization can lead to the state starting to fight not against crimes, but against persons accused of committing crimes.","PeriodicalId":43238,"journal":{"name":"Psychology and Law","volume":"105 S1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141695897","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Cyber Hygiene as an Effective Psychological Measure in the Prevention of Cyber Addictions 网络卫生是预防网络成瘾的有效心理措施

IF 0.4

Psychology and Law Pub Date : 2024-07-01 DOI: 10.17759/psylaw.2024140206

S.S. Gulyamov, A.A. Rodionov

{"title":"Cyber Hygiene as an Effective Psychological Measure in the Prevention of Cyber Addictions","authors":"S.S. Gulyamov, A.A. Rodionov","doi":"10.17759/psylaw.2024140206","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17759/psylaw.2024140206","url":null,"abstract":"Problematic internet use and addiction have grown globally with increased digital access and device usage. Individuals are spending more time online, frequently developing non-adaptive habits and addiction symptoms. This article investigates cyber hygiene’s potential as an effective preventive approach against internet addiction through a cyberpsychology perspective. Cyber hygiene encompasses practices fostering responsible technology use to mitigate risks including internet addiction. A literature review reveals key internet addiction impacts, like mental health issues, social problems, and risky cyberbehaviors. Theoretical analysis evaluates interventions for internet addiction, determining cyber hygiene education has strong potential based on technology addiction models. Results suggest cyber hygiene reduces addiction symptoms by moderating online time, promoting healthy digital habits, and improving self-awareness of technology use. Examined hygiene strategies include monitoring usage, parental controls, and principles like avoiding digital distraction and setting screen time limits. While challenges remain, comprehensive cyber hygiene education combined with multilevel interventions can aid internet addiction prevention and mitigate consequences. The article concludes wide implementation of cyber hygiene education is needed, although additional research on long-term effectiveness is necessary.","PeriodicalId":43238,"journal":{"name":"Psychology and Law","volume":"8 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141700706","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Social Representations of the Body: Theory, Facts and Commentary (Part 1) 身体的社会表征：理论、事实和评论（第一部分）

IF 0.4

Psychology and Law Pub Date : 2024-07-01 DOI: 10.17759/psylaw.2024140216

N. Dvoryanchikov, D. V. Melnikova, E.D. Belova, I. Bovina

引用次数: 0

Psychometric Properties of the Questionnaires for Assessing Cognitive Distortions about Sexual Relations with Children 评估与儿童发生性关系的认知扭曲问卷的心理计量特性

IF 0.4

Psychology and Law Pub Date : 2024-04-04 DOI: 10.17759/psylaw.2024140102

L. Demidova, V. Korchagin, N. G. Vasiliev

{"title":"Psychometric Properties of the Questionnaires for Assessing Cognitive Distortions about Sexual Relations with Children","authors":"L. Demidova, V. Korchagin, N. G. Vasiliev","doi":"10.17759/psylaw.2024140102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17759/psylaw.2024140102","url":null,"abstract":"The prevalence of cognitive distortions in sexual offenders is a significant risk factor for reoffending. Investigation of cognitive distortions can improve the quality of differential diagnosis and expert assessment of the accused. The aim of this study was the testing of the criterion and convergent validity, as well as the internal consistency of two scales for assessing cognitive distortions: the Dichotomic Scale of Cognitive Distortions and the Russian version of the MOLEST scale. The psychometric properties of the questionnaires were tested on a sample of 84 male subjects. Many of them (63 subjects) were accused of committing sexual criminal acts against minors (37 with pedophilia, 26 without disorders of sexual preference). The results of the study demonstrate good internal consistency for both the scales (Cronbach’s alpha was 0,910 and 0,956, respectively). Evidences of criterion validity for the diagnosis of pedophilia (for both methods at the significance level of p<0,01) and convergent validity (r=0,713; p=0) are given. The proposed scales are resistant to social desirability and can be used as additional diagnostic tools in clinical practice.","PeriodicalId":43238,"journal":{"name":"Psychology and Law","volume":"101 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2024-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140742542","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

“Problem Situations”: Testing as a Forensic Psychiatric Research Method when Changing Civil Legal Status "问题情境"：测试作为改变民事法律地位时的法医精神病学研究方法

IF 0.4

Psychology and Law Pub Date : 2024-04-04 DOI: 10.17759/psylaw.2024140110

O. Rusakovskaya

引用次数: 0

Vulnerable Childhood in the Context of Children’s Well-Being 儿童福祉背景下的弱势童年

IF 0.4

Psychology and Law Pub Date : 2024-04-04 DOI: 10.17759/psylaw.2024140105

E.S. Garifulina, A. Telitsyna

{"title":"Vulnerable Childhood in the Context of Children’s Well-Being","authors":"E.S. Garifulina, A. Telitsyna","doi":"10.17759/psylaw.2024140105","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17759/psylaw.2024140105","url":null,"abstract":"This study aims to clarify the concept of “vulnerable childhood” within the context of child well-being. In modern society, children are exposed to various risks that can negatively impact their physical, emotional, and social development. The article explores diverse aspects of children’s vulnerability, such as socio-economic inequalities, violations of children’s rights, adverse family conditions, and the impact of traumatic events. The authors employ an interdisciplinary approach that encompasses the analysis of sociological, psychological, economic, and legal aspects. The article provides an overview of existing research that emphasizes the importance of understanding the factors contributing towards children’s vulnerability, as well as the consequences it may have on their future well-being. Focusing on governmental and other programs aimed at enhancing child well-being, the authors offer recommendations to ensure the protection of vulnerable children. These include the implementation of inclusive educational programs, strengthening the family social support system, refining legislation concerning children’s rights, and creating effective mechanisms for responding to crisis situations. The article offers an analysis of the influence of the concept of a “vulnerable childhood” on children’s well-being, and presents specific steps for ensuring the protection and support of children at risk.","PeriodicalId":43238,"journal":{"name":"Psychology and Law","volume":"13 21","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2024-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140744722","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0