Ning Lin, Xiaoming Chen, Chunwei Xia, Jing Ye, Xiaowei Li
{"title":"ChaoPIM: A PIM-based Protection Framework for DNN Accelerators Using Chaotic Encryption","authors":"Ning Lin, Xiaoming Chen, Chunwei Xia, Jing Ye, Xiaowei Li","doi":"10.1109/ATS52891.2021.00013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ATS52891.2021.00013","url":null,"abstract":"Although deep neural networks (DNNs) have been widely used, DNN models running on ASIC- or FPGA-based accelerators still lack effective and efficient protection. Once DNN models are stolen by attackers, it will not only infringe the intellectual property of model providers but also lead to security issues. The existing parameter encryption method brings greater power consumption, which is difficult to apply to resource-constrained edge devices. This paper proposes an effective and efficient framework –ChaoPIM to protect the security of DNN models by utilizing the chaotic encryption and the Processing-In-Memory (PIM) technology. Detailed experimental results show that our framework can effectively prevent attackers from using DNN models normally, as the accuracy of stolen models is quite low. Compared with the powerful Cortex-A53, Kryo-280, Intel-i5-8265U CPUs and TITAN V GPU, ChaoPIM achieves considerable performance improvements on various DNN models.","PeriodicalId":432330,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE 30th Asian Test Symposium (ATS)","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123283392","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Itsuki Fujita, Yoshikazu Nagamura, M. Arai, S. Fukumoto
{"title":"Note on CapsNet-Based Wafer Map Defect Pattern Classification","authors":"Itsuki Fujita, Yoshikazu Nagamura, M. Arai, S. Fukumoto","doi":"10.1109/ATS52891.2021.00019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ATS52891.2021.00019","url":null,"abstract":"Classification of wafer map defect patterns is important to monitor occurrence and further to assist root cause analysis of manufacturing-process-induced systematic defects. In this study we develop CapsNet-based wafer map defect pattern classifier. CapsNet is a variant of convolutional neural network, which extract features of images as vectors, not as scalars, and is expected to extract features more accurately under fluctuations of locations, angles, and scales of features in input images. Experimental results indicate that, by combining 2-stage (detector and classifier) approach, the proposed scheme shows higher accuracy on WM-811K real wafer map dataset for 8 categories in comparison to the previous work, on average and especially on the categories “Donut” and “Scratch,” which are difficult to accurately categorize by the previous work.","PeriodicalId":432330,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE 30th Asian Test Symposium (ATS)","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132449486","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Analyzing Transient Faults and Functional Error Rates of a RISC-V Core: A Case Study","authors":"Dun-An Yang, J. Liou, Harry H. Chen","doi":"10.1109/ATS52891.2021.00035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ATS52891.2021.00035","url":null,"abstract":"It is essential to perform extensive RTL functional fault simulation for critical systems in order to analyze the vulnerability and design error-tolerant measures accordingly. Since the number of faults would be exceedingly large for a full simulation, fault sampling techniques are applied. However, little information are available for fault characteristics, so the sampling might not be effective: often producing no error output or similar output syndromes.In this paper, we utilized an advanced Architecturally Correct Execution (ACE) analysis to study the functional fault characteristics of registers on a RISC-V core. From the results for all registers, only less than 0.34% to 2.76% of total faults need to be simulated. We then further sample and simulate these remained faults at RTL to analyze the categories for failure output syndromes. We found that faults at non-architecture registers have much higher masked results (as high as 90%), as compared with architecture registers (16% – 40%). Therefore, it is suggested that fault sampling should consider register and fault characteristics for a more effective result.","PeriodicalId":432330,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE 30th Asian Test Symposium (ATS)","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125293279","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Power Reduction Method for Scan Testing in Ultra-Low Power Designs","authors":"Hiroyuki Iwata, Yoichi Maeda, Jun Matsushima","doi":"10.1109/ATS52891.2021.00037","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ATS52891.2021.00037","url":null,"abstract":"In recent years, low power devices have become widely designed. Since the power supply design is based on the user operation, there is the possibility that it can malfunction in conventional scan testing on account of the excessive power consumption during scan testing. In order to overcome this problem, we have combined and adopted various scan testing techniques. This paper presents a scan testing approach that is demonstrated to be effective for ultra-low power devices. It splits one scan shift clock into several scan shift clocks per clock domain. Moreover, it changes the scan shift clock speed to cope with the inrush current. These clock controls are made possible by our own test clock controller.","PeriodicalId":432330,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE 30th Asian Test Symposium (ATS)","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129412149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Juan-David Guerrero-Balaguera, J. E. R. Condia, M. Reorda
{"title":"A Novel Compaction Approach for SBST Test Programs","authors":"Juan-David Guerrero-Balaguera, J. E. R. Condia, M. Reorda","doi":"10.1109/ATS52891.2021.00024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ATS52891.2021.00024","url":null,"abstract":"In-field test of processor-based devices is a must when considering safety-critical systems (e.g., in robotics, aerospace, and automotive applications). During in-field testing, different solutions can be adopted, depending on the specific constraints of each scenario. In the last years, Self-Test Libraries (STLs) developed by IP or semiconductor companies became widely adopted. Given the strict constraints of in-field test, the size and time duration of a STL is a crucial parameter. This work introduces a novel approach to compress functional test programs belonging to an STL. The proposed approach is based on analyzing (via logic simulation) the interaction between the micro-architectural operation performed by each instruction and its capacity to propagate fault effects on any observable output, reducing the required fault simulations to only one. The proposed compaction strategy was validated by resorting to a RISC-V processor and several test programs stemming from diverse generation strategies. Results showed that the proposed compaction approach can reduce the length of test programs by up to 93.9% and their duration by up to 95%, with minimal effect on fault coverage.","PeriodicalId":432330,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE 30th Asian Test Symposium (ATS)","volume":"49 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125438959","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Side-Channel Attacks on Triple Modular Redundancy Schemes","authors":"Felipe Almeida, L. Aksoy, J. Raik, S. Pagliarini","doi":"10.1109/ATS52891.2021.00026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ATS52891.2021.00026","url":null,"abstract":"Triple Modular Redundancy (TMR) is a well-known fault tolerance technique for avoiding errors in the Integrated Circuits (ICs) and it has been used in a wide range of applications. The TMR technique employs three instances of circuits realizing concurrently the same functionality whose outputs are compared through a majority voter. On the other hand, Side-Channel Attacks (SCAs) are powerful techniques to extract secret information from ICs based on the data collected from security critical operations. Over the years, the interplay between security and reliability is poorly studied. In this paper, we explore the performance of SCAs on the well-known Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) and its different realizations using the TMR technique. In this work, three implementations of the AES design under the TMR scheme are used and an SCA, which can collect power dissipation data from the physical netlist through simulations, is developed. The experimental results show that the TMR technique can increase the computation time of SCAs and more importantly, the use of functionally equivalent, but physically and structurally different instances in the TMR scheme can make it impossible for SCAs to discover the secret key.","PeriodicalId":432330,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE 30th Asian Test Symposium (ATS)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125847508","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Tutorials","authors":"A. Sheikholeslami","doi":"10.1109/ISSCC.2017.7870478","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISSCC.2017.7870478","url":null,"abstract":"Provides an abstract for each of the tutorial presentations and may include a brief professional biography of each presenter. The complete presentations were not made available for publication as part of the conference proceedings.","PeriodicalId":432330,"journal":{"name":"2021 IEEE 30th Asian Test Symposium (ATS)","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121653139","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}