{"title":"Why do people stigmatize depression? Need for cognitive closure and materialism as risk factors.","authors":"Rosana Stan, Ana Stoianov","doi":"10.5114/cipp/215865","DOIUrl":"10.5114/cipp/215865","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Despite various anti-stigma initiatives, the stigmatization of individuals suffering from depression remains a significant issue. While previous studies have examined the influence of demographic factors on self-stigma related to depression, there is a notable lack of research exploring individual psychological factors as potential predictors of personal depression stigma. This study aimed to determine the extent to which culture, age, gender, education, level of contact with depression, need for cognitive closure, and materialism explain personal depression stigma in two Eastern European countries.</p><p><strong>Participants and procedure: </strong>Two hundred twenty-four participants from Romania and the Republic of Moldova (176 females, 46 males) aged between 16 and 62 (<i>M</i> = 27.21, <i>SD</i> = 9.73) completed a set of online self-report questionnaires. Data were collected using Google Forms.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Hierarchical multiple regressions analysis revealed that materialistic values explain a significant amount of variance in personal depression stigmatization, compared to the variance explained by demographic factors and need for cognitive closure. Moreover, need for cognitive closure significantly moderates the relationship between level of contact with depression and personal stigma against depression.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Hierarchical multiple regressions analysis revealed that materialistic values explain a significant amount of variance in personal depression stigmatization, compared to the variance explained by demographic factors and need for cognitive closure. Moreover, need for cognitive closure significantly moderates the relationship between level of contact with depression and personal stigma against depression.</p>","PeriodicalId":43067,"journal":{"name":"Current Issues in Personality Psychology","volume":"14 1","pages":"19-27"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13006987/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147515540","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Beliefs about negative emotions and emotional eating: the role of rumination and body mass index.","authors":"Ezgi Tuna, Esin Engin","doi":"10.5114/cipp/213403","DOIUrl":"10.5114/cipp/213403","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Emotion beliefs are cognitive processes that influence how emotions are regulated, with important implications for well-being. Maladaptive beliefs about emotions may be associated with the use of less adaptive emotion regulation strategies, such as rumination, and may contribute to dysfunctional eating behaviors. This study examines the relationship between beliefs about the uncontrollability and uselessness of negative emotions and emotional eating (EE), with a focus on the mediating role of rumination. We also tested an exploratory hypothesis examining whether body mass index (BMI) moderates the pathways from emotion beliefs and rumination to EE.</p><p><strong>Participants and procedure: </strong>After obtaining ethical approval, participants were recruited from the general population through announcements on social media platforms. The sample consisted of 414 adults (<i>M</i> <sub>age</sub> = 32.5, <i>SD</i> = 11.4) from Turkey who completed online self-report questionnaires.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our results showed that stronger beliefs that negative emotions are uncontrollable or useless were associated with greater EE indirectly through their effects on rumination, after statistically controlling for gender. In the moderated mediation analyses, BMI significantly moderated the pathway from rumination to EE, with stronger associations observed in individuals with higher BMI. However, BMI did not moderate the associations between emotion beliefs and EE.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These findings underscore the significance of targeting emotion beliefs and rumination in interventions for EE and suggest the potential benefit of tailoring interventions based on the needs of individuals with different BMI levels.</p>","PeriodicalId":43067,"journal":{"name":"Current Issues in Personality Psychology","volume":"14 1","pages":"28-36"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13006983/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147515571","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Disconnection from social others: a RULS Loneliness Short Scale.","authors":"Alejandro César Cosentino, Alejandro Castro Solano","doi":"10.5114/cipp/213733","DOIUrl":"10.5114/cipp/213733","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This study aimed to develop a brief, psychometrically sound scale for assessing loneliness.</p><p><strong>Participants and procedure: </strong>A total of 39 unidimensional models derived from the Revised UCLA Loneliness Scale (RULS) were evaluated. In the first study, robust fit indices and construct reliability (CR) were analysed for all the models via data from 329, 525, and 623 Argentine participants. A five-item model emerged with consistently good fit and high reliability. In the second study, the five-item instrument was administered to a new sample of 870 Argentine participants, and its associations with relevant psychological variables were analysed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The five-item scale demonstrated a good robust fit (scaled χ<sup>2</sup>(5) = 2.41, ns; robust CFI = 1.000; robust SRMR = .004) and high reliability (CR = .893). Furthermore, the expected associations were confirmed, with inverse relationships found between the new scale and various dimensions of well-being and direct relationships with negative emotional states.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The new instrument, named <i>Desconexión de Otros Sociales de la RULS</i> (DOS-RULS), effectively captures the critical loneliness factor of lacking a supportive social network. It showed good model fit, high reliability, and meaningful associations with relevant psychological constructs, supporting its utility as a brief, robust measure of a crucial aspect of loneliness. In the context of the ongoing replication crisis, replication was achieved.</p>","PeriodicalId":43067,"journal":{"name":"Current Issues in Personality Psychology","volume":"14 1","pages":"64-71"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13006988/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147515637","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Psychometric properties of the Spanish adaptation of the Highly Sensitive Child Scale for use with adults.","authors":"Borja Costa-López, Nicolás Ruiz-Robledillo, Natalia Albaladejo-Blázquez, Monika Baryła-Matejczuk, Rosario Ferrer-Cascales, Michael Pluess","doi":"10.5114/cipp/213517","DOIUrl":"10.5114/cipp/213517","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Sensory processing sensitivity is the capacity to detect and interpret external and internal stimuli, which varies significantly among individuals. The Highly Sensitive Person Scale (HSPS) is a widely used tool for measuring this personality trait. To extend this research to children and adolescents, the Highly Sensitive Child Scale (HSCS) was developed.</p><p><strong>Participants and procedure: </strong>This study focused on adapting and psychometrically analyzing a 12-item Spanish version of the HSCS for use in adults (HSCS-A). This version was administered to 372 adults aged 18 to 75. The Spanish 27-item HSPS was applied to analyze convergent validity.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) confirmed that the three-factor structure of the test had the best fit indices in the Spanish sample, which was composed of three subscales: Ease of Excitation; Low Sensory Threshold; and Aesthetic Sensitivity. Internal consistency values (α/ω > 0.8) indicate that this Spanish version of the HSCS-A is adequate to measure environmental sensitivity. Positive and significant bivariate correlations for convergent validity demonstrated moderate and strong relationships between HSCS-A and HSPS-27 dimensions and the general factor of sensitivity (<i>r</i> = .83, <i>p</i> < .001).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study produced results consistent with recent research on the measurement of environmental sensitivity. The Spanish version of the HSCS for use in adults appears to be a reliable tool for measuring sensitivity across the life cycle.</p>","PeriodicalId":43067,"journal":{"name":"Current Issues in Personality Psychology","volume":"14 1","pages":"55-63"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13006984/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147515306","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Developmental Crisis Questionnaire (DCQ-12): psychometric characteristics of the Czech version among adult respondents.","authors":"Katarína Millová, Karel Rečka, Anna Khvalitska","doi":"10.5114/cipp/207003","DOIUrl":"10.5114/cipp/207003","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This study examined the psychometric properties of the Czech version of the Developmental Crisis Questionnaire (DCQ-12), assessing its internal consistency, factor structure, and associations with psychosocial variables such as self-esteem, social support, life satisfaction, negative emotionality, and perceived stress.</p><p><strong>Participants and procedure: </strong>The sample included 761 participants aged 19-59 years, primarily women (68.4%), recruited online. DCQ-12, along with measures for self-esteem, self-efficacy, life satisfaction, perceived stress, and negative emotionality, was administered. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and McDonald's omega were employed to evaluate the questionnaire's structure and reliability. Age and gender differences were assessed through two-way ANOVA.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>DCQ-12 demonstrated high internal consistency (ω = .89 for the total scale), though one subscale (Transition and Turning Point) showed lower reliability (ω = .63). A three-factor model with minor modifications exhibited good fit (CFI = .956, RMSEA = .068). DCQ-12 correlated positively with stress and negative emotionality, and negatively with self-esteem, self-efficacy, life satisfaction, social support, and meaning in life. Developmental crisis was more prevalent among younger adults and women. Crisis prevalence declined with age and varied by gender, with notable differences observed in younger and middle adulthood.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The Czech version of DCQ-12 is a reliable tool for assessing developmental crisis across adulthood. The current findings align with existing literature on psychosocial predictors of crisis. Future studies should explore the utility of DCQ-12 in diverse age groups and cultural contexts.</p>","PeriodicalId":43067,"journal":{"name":"Current Issues in Personality Psychology","volume":"13 4","pages":"271-280"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12690360/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145745017","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Examination of the role of dispositional and state suspicion in deceptive ratings and veracity judgments.","authors":"Yuta Takiguchi, Mariko Kikutani","doi":"10.5114/cipp/204034","DOIUrl":"10.5114/cipp/204034","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>How suspicious individuals are about some information affects how they judge whether the information is truthful. Being suspicious increases the possibility of one making a lie judgment about others (judging that others are lying); however, previous research has rarely distinguished between two types of suspicion: dispositional and state. This study examined how dispositional suspicion affects deceptiveness impressions and veracity judgments under different levels of state suspicion. Also, the relationship between the two types of suspicion and the amount of information people gather for truth-lie judgments was explored.</p><p><strong>Participants and procedure: </strong>Participants (<i>N</i> = 260) watched videos of someone telling either the truth or a lie, and immediately rated how deceptive the speaker looked, then made a final veracity judgment about him/her. Participants were assigned to two conditions: in one, they were informed that the speaker in the video might have committed a crime (suspicious condition), while in the other, they were not (non-suspicious condition). Participants were allowed to watch a maximum of five videos before making the final decision, and they all reported their level of dispositional suspicion.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results indicated that participants with high dispositional suspicion perceived the speaker as more deceptive than those with less suspicion but did not necessarily make more lie judgments. Although not statistically significant, there was a clear trend that the effect of dispositional suspicion was evident only under low-state suspicion. It was also found that more suspicious participants gathered less information.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The finding that dispositional suspicion and state suspicion interactively influence deception perception has practical implications for judgments under low suspicion (e.g., fraud).</p>","PeriodicalId":43067,"journal":{"name":"Current Issues in Personality Psychology","volume":"13 4","pages":"245-253"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12690355/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145744978","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Damian Grabowski, Patrycja Stawiarska, Katarzyna Stapor, Agata Chudzicka-Czupała
{"title":"Narcissistic admiration and rivalry, Machiavellianism and willingness to engage in unethical pro-organisational behaviour (UPB).","authors":"Damian Grabowski, Patrycja Stawiarska, Katarzyna Stapor, Agata Chudzicka-Czupała","doi":"10.5114/cipp/207002","DOIUrl":"10.5114/cipp/207002","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This survey of Polish employees replicates research on the relationship between narcissism, Machiavellianism and unethical pro-organisational behaviour (UPB) that was previously conducted in other countries such as China, Pakistan and the US. Positive associations between narcissism, Machiavellianism and UPB were expected to occur.</p><p><strong>Participants and procedure: </strong>The survey covered 250 people working in large corporations across Poland. The sample included 163 women (65%) and 87 men (35%). Narcissism was measured with the NARQ questionnaire, developed as an operationalisation of the narcissistic admiration and rivalry concept (NARC). The MACH-4 scale was used to measure Machiavellianism. Readiness for UPB, on the other hand, was measured using the Polish version of the UPB Scale.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The research showed statistically significant positive relationships between narcissistic admiration, rivalry and Machiavellianism and the readiness to engage in UPB. At the same time, narcissistic rivalry and its components aggressiveness and striving for supremacy, and Machiavellianism correlate most strongly with UPB. Regression and mediation analyses showed that the significant variables to predict higher levels of readiness to engage in UPB are rivalry (aggressiveness) and Machiavellianism. Machiavellianism, moreover, appears as a mediator in the positive relationship of rivalry and its components (devaluation of others, striving for supremacy) with UPB.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Significant predictors of UPB are narcissistic rivalry, including aggressiveness, and Machiavellianism. A Machiavellian strategy may enable UPB to be undertaken by those with a tendency to dominate and devalue others.</p>","PeriodicalId":43067,"journal":{"name":"Current Issues in Personality Psychology","volume":"14 1","pages":"45-54"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13006982/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147515363","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Andrzej Piotrowski, Ewa Sygit-Kowalkowska, Iwona Królikowska, Agnieszka Suchocka
{"title":"Resilience, sense of self-efficacy, and risk-taking in the context of task performance during ship simulator training.","authors":"Andrzej Piotrowski, Ewa Sygit-Kowalkowska, Iwona Królikowska, Agnieszka Suchocka","doi":"10.5114/cipp/204038","DOIUrl":"10.5114/cipp/204038","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Educating sailors requires intensive training, which involves highly specialized ship simulators. This is due to the crew's responsibility for the safety of the people on board and the simultaneous risk of making improper decisions under time pressure and with insufficient data. Thus far, empirical data on the role of personal psychological resources in the process of sailor skills training have been lacking.</p><p><strong>Participants and procedure: </strong>Fifty cadets of the Navigation and Naval Weapons Faculty and 51 cadets of the Mechanical and Electrical Engineering Faculty of the Polish Naval Academy in Gdynia, Poland, participated in the study. Task performance during ship simulator training was assessed. Additionally, the participants completed the General Self-Efficacy Scale, the Brief Resilience Scale, the Questionnaire of Stimulating and Instrumental Risk, and the Status-Driven Risk Taking Scale.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Three subgroups were distinguished based on their levels of task performance and the psychological variables measured. Cadets who achieved the highest task performance during simulator training simultaneously reported the highest sense of self-efficacy and resilience, average acceptance of instrumental risk, status-driven risk and its subdimensions, as well as the highest acceptance of stimulating risk.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Individual differences such as resilience, sense of self-efficacy, and risk acceptance have a different configuration among individuals who achieved the highest task performance on ship simulators. Identifying individuals with the optimal configuration of these variables may be useful for designing education and development processes for officers, although this requires further studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":43067,"journal":{"name":"Current Issues in Personality Psychology","volume":"14 1","pages":"37-44"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13006986/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147515328","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Coping strategies and well-being among young Polish adults: the mediating role of inner dialogues.","authors":"Małgorzata Puchalska-Wasyl","doi":"10.5114/cipp/204035","DOIUrl":"10.5114/cipp/204035","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>In previous research, the fourteen coping strategies proposed by Carver have been assigned to two categories: adaptive (planning, active coping, positive reframing, acceptance, using emotional and instrumental support, religion, and humor) and maladaptive (self-blame, denial, self-distraction, venting, behavioral disengagement, and substance use). Some studies have shown that the former correlate positively, while the latter correlate negatively with psychological well-being. The initiation of coping strategies seems to co-occur with the experience of uncertainty, which is typically accompanied by an inner dialogue. Different types of inner dialogues are related to well-being in different ways. This study aims to test whether identity and ruminative inner dialogues mediate the relationship between coping strategies and well-being.</p><p><strong>Participants and procedure: </strong>Convenience sampling was used. The study was conducted through an online survey. Participants were 337 young adults (181 women and 156 men) aged 20-35 years. They completed the Brief-COPE Inventory, Psychological Well-Being Scale, and Internal Dialogical Activity Scale-Revised.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>It was found that ruminative inner dialogues mediate negative relationships between maladaptive coping strategies and well-being. Identity inner dialogues are mediators of positive relationships between adaptive coping strategies and well-being, with the exception of humor and using emotional support.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These findings can be used by mental health professionals in counseling and therapy. To enhance clients' well-being, it is essential to strengthen their identity internal dialogues (associated with adaptive coping) and reduce their ruminative internal dialogues (associated with maladaptive strategies).</p>","PeriodicalId":43067,"journal":{"name":"Current Issues in Personality Psychology","volume":"13 4","pages":"235-244"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12690362/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145745014","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Dara Greenwood, Qiana Archer, Sydney Ash, Julian Keenan
{"title":"Connecting the dots between narcissism and fame appeal: the role of imaginary audience fantasies.","authors":"Dara Greenwood, Qiana Archer, Sydney Ash, Julian Keenan","doi":"10.5114/cipp/197263","DOIUrl":"10.5114/cipp/197263","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Although prior research has found a significant association between narcissistic tendencies and fame interest, details regarding the particular nature of this relationship remain to be elucidated. The present online survey study (<i>N</i> = 355) replicates and extends prior research examining the links between two subtypes of narcissism and fame appeal. Specifically, we distinguish between grandiose and vulnerable narcissism, as predictors of Visibility, Status, and Prosocial domains of fame appeal. Further, we examine the potential mediating role of imaginary audience fantasies.</p><p><strong>Participants and procedure: </strong>Participants were drawn from a student sample (74% female-identifying) aged 18 to 25 who completed an online survey for course credit.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Both grandiose and vulnerable narcissism predicted the Visibility appeal of fame, but only vulnerable narcissism predicted the Status appeal of fame. An inverse relationship emerged between grandiose narcissism and Prosocial appeal. Importantly, the frequency of imaginary audience fantasies mediated between both forms of narcissism and the Visibility and Prosocial appeals of fame.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>For those with grandiose or vulnerable narcissistic tendencies, whose self-image incorporates fantasies of being noticed and admired, celebrity and fame may be particularly appealing.</p>","PeriodicalId":43067,"journal":{"name":"Current Issues in Personality Psychology","volume":"13 3","pages":"202-210"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12427004/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145065545","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}