Vaccine: X最新文献

{"title":"Logistic and organizational barriers to herpes zoster vaccination in europe: A systematic review","authors":"Michele Sorrentino ,&nbsp;Alessandro Belpiede ,&nbsp;Claudio Fiorilla ,&nbsp;Michelangelo Mercogliano ,&nbsp;Maria Triassi ,&nbsp;Raffale Palladino","doi":"10.1016/j.jvacx.2024.100544","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jvacx.2024.100544","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>The Herpes Zoster (HZ) poses a significant public health threat, leading to morbidity and occasional mortality in unvaccinated adults aged 50 and older. With over 95 % of individuals in this age group globally having prior exposure to Varicella-Zoster Virus, a substantial portion of the world’s population is susceptible to developing HZ. Without vaccination, individuals reaching 85 years face a 50 % lifetime risk of HZ. Organizational and logistical barriers further hinder vaccination efforts, involving complexities in cost management, demanding vaccine storage requirements, supply limitations, distribution challenges, absence of a streamlined status collection system, and healthcare system deficiencies.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>A systematic review was conducted on the studies that examined the logistical and organizational barriers to HZ vaccination among frail and older adults, aligning with the PRISMA guidelines. Eligibility criteria focus on English studies in Europe, excluding pediatric or irrelevant populations. Rayyan AI was used for data extraction, and bias was assessed using the AXIS tool.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>After excluding 841 based on titles and abstracts, 22 publications were selected. A thorough analysis identified 4 studies meeting inclusion criteria, conducted between 2009 and 2022, unveiling several barriers on HZ vaccination: challenges with healthcare professionals, obstacles related to patients’ perceptions and knowledge, difficulties in accessibility, structural issues, social dynamics.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>The study represents a comprehensive examination, emphasizing the need for targeted interventions to overcome these barriers. The findings underscore the urgency of addressing these challenges to enhance vaccination rates and mitigate the public health burden associated with HZ.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":43021,"journal":{"name":"Vaccine: X","volume":"20 ","pages":"Article 100544"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590136224001177/pdfft?md5=f4ee87863946d561157a0701ed2ab1b1&pid=1-s2.0-S2590136224001177-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141962760","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influenza virus strains expressing SARS-CoV-2 receptor binding domain protein confer immunity in K18-hACE2 mice","authors":"Nathaniel A. Rader ,&nbsp;Katherine S. Lee ,&nbsp;Andrea N. Loes ,&nbsp;Olivia A. Miller-Stump ,&nbsp;Melissa Cooper ,&nbsp;Ting Y. Wong ,&nbsp;Dylan T. Boehm ,&nbsp;Mariette Barbier ,&nbsp;Justin R. Bevere ,&nbsp;F. Heath Damron","doi":"10.1016/j.jvacx.2024.100543","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jvacx.2024.100543","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the causative agent of coronavirus disease (COVID-19), rapidly spread across the globe in 2019. With the emergence of the Omicron variant, COVID-19 shifted into an endemic phase. Given the anticipated rise in cases during the fall and winter seasons, the strategy of implementing seasonal booster vaccines for COVID-19 is becoming increasingly valuable to protect public health. This practice already exists for seasonal influenza vaccines to combat annual influenza seasons. Our goal was to investigate an easily modifiable vaccine platform for seasonal use against SARS-CoV-2. In this study, we evaluated the genetically modified influenza virus ΔNA(RBD) as an intranasal vaccine candidate for COVID-19. This modified virus was engineered to replace the coding sequence for the neuraminidase (NA) protein with a membrane-anchored form of the receptor binding domain (RBD) protein of SARS-CoV-2. We designed experiments to assess the protection of ΔNA(RBD) in K18-hACE2 mice using lethal (Delta) and non-lethal (Omicron) challenge models. Controls of COVID-19 mRNA vaccine and our lab’s previously described intranasal virus like particle vaccine were used as comparisons. Immunization with ΔNA(RBD) expressing ancestral RBD elicited high anti-RBD IgG levels in the serum of mice, high anti-RBD IgA in lung tissue, and improved survival after Delta variant challenge. Modifying ΔNA(RBD) to express Omicron variant RBD shifted variant-specific antibody responses and limited viral burden in the lungs of mice after Omicron variant challenge. Overall, this data suggests that ΔNA(RBD) could be an effective intranasal vaccine platform that generates mucosal and systemic immunity towards SARS-CoV-2.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":43021,"journal":{"name":"Vaccine: X","volume":"20 ","pages":"Article 100543"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590136224001165/pdfft?md5=3b5fb587e718d82fcf1fa3214035e3db&pid=1-s2.0-S2590136224001165-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141963409","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Safety pharmacology of human endogenous retrovirus-enveloped baculoviral DNA vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 in Sprague-Dawley rats and beagle dogs","authors":"Sang-Jin Park ,&nbsp;Joung‐Wook Seo ,&nbsp;Kang-Hyun Han ,&nbsp;Byoung-Seok Lee ,&nbsp;Chanyeong Lee ,&nbsp;Young Bong Kim ,&nbsp;Kyong-Cheol Ko ,&nbsp;Yong-Bum Kim","doi":"10.1016/j.jvacx.2024.100545","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jvacx.2024.100545","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) emerged as a major global health crisis, posing significant health, economic, and social challenges. Vaccine development has been a crucial response to the severe-acute-respiratory-syndrome-related coronavirus-2 pandemic owing to the critical role of immunization in controlling infectious diseases, leading to the expedited development of several effective vaccines. Although mRNA platform-based COVID-19 vaccines authorized under emergency-use authorization have been administered globally, concerns regarding the vaccines have increased owing to the occurrence of various side effects. The present study aimed to evaluate the safety of a non-replicating recombinant baculovirus expressing the human endogenous retrovirus envelope gene (AcHERV) vaccine encoding SARS-CoV-2 antigens. Owing to the limited number of existing safety pharmacology studies on AcHERV as a viral vector vaccine, we conducted neurobehavior (Modified Irwin’s Test), body temperature, and respiratory function studies in rats and cardiovascular system studies in male beagle dogs, which were administered the AcHERV-COVID-19 vaccine using telemetry. The safety assessment revealed no significant toxicological alterations. However, in rats, both sexes administered with the AcHERV-COVID-19 vaccine exhibited a temporary increase in body temperature, which normalized or showed signs of recovery. In conclusion, AcHERV-COVID-19 demonstrates a sufficient safety profile that supports its potential evaluation in future clinical trials.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":43021,"journal":{"name":"Vaccine: X","volume":"20 ","pages":"Article 100545"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590136224001189/pdfft?md5=f8a5cad510f471864968f8b33d6d2177&pid=1-s2.0-S2590136224001189-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141953151","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of the knowledge, attitude, and perception of the world's population towards monkeypox and its vaccines: A systematic review and descriptive analysis of cross-sectional studies","authors":"Mohammad Tanashat ,&nbsp;Obieda Altobaishat ,&nbsp;Abdulrahman Sharaf ,&nbsp;Mostafa Hossam El Din Moawad ,&nbsp;Mohammad Al-Jafari ,&nbsp;Abdulqadir J. Nashwan","doi":"10.1016/j.jvacx.2024.100527","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jvacx.2024.100527","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Prevention and treatment of the monkeypox virus (Mpox) remain challenging in areas where it is endemic. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to collect this information from various studies in one study to give a comprehensive view of people's opinions, fears, and behaviors about this virus.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>We searched PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, the Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar for descriptive cross-sectional study designs conducted in 2022 and 2023 addressing knowledge, attitude, perception, preparedness, willingness to get vaccinated, and practices against Mpox infection.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Among the included studies, 16 studies assessed the level of knowledge of study participants regarding Mpox with a total of 9066 participants. Among them, 4222 (46.6 %) were reported to have good knowledge, and 4844 (53.4%) were reported to have poor knowledge about Mpox. Regarding willingness to get vaccinated against Mpox, 14 studies with a total of 10,696 participants were included. Among them, 7006 (65 %) were willing to get vaccinated while 3690 (35 %) weren’t willing to be vaccinated.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Knowledge about Mpox should be increased and awareness should be spread regarding the importance of preventive measures such as vaccination to protect the population from another COVID-19-like pandemic.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":43021,"journal":{"name":"Vaccine: X","volume":"20 ","pages":"Article 100527"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590136224001001/pdfft?md5=7ed49664bd31d328604d9baf4a9393c5&pid=1-s2.0-S2590136224001001-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141953152","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of different HA and NA gene combinations on the growth characteristics of the H3N8 influenza candidate vaccine virus","authors":"Liqi Liu,&nbsp;Zi Li,&nbsp;Jia Liu,&nbsp;Xiyan Li,&nbsp;Jianfang Zhou,&nbsp;Ning Xiao,&nbsp;Lei Yang,&nbsp;Dayan Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.jvacx.2024.100531","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jvacx.2024.100531","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Since 2022, three human cases of a novel H3N8 avian influenza virus infection have been reported in three provinces in China. Specific vaccines are important means of preparing for the potential influenza pandemic. Thus, H3N8 viruses [A/Henan/cnic410/2022 (HN410) and A/Changsha/1000/2022(CS1000)] were isolated from the infected patients as prototype viruses to develop candidate vaccine viruses (CVVs) using the reverse genetics (RG) technology. Five reassortant viruses with different HA and NA combinations were constructed based on the two viruses to get a high-yield and safe CVV. The results showed that all viruses had similar antigenicity but different growth characteristics. Reassortant viruses carrying NA from CS1000 exhibited better growth ability and NA enzyme activity than the ones carrying HN410 NA. Furthermore, the NA gene of CS1000 had one more potential N-glycosylation site at position 46 compared with HN410. The substitution of position 46 showed that adding or removing N-glycosylation sites to different reassortant viruses had different effects on growth ability. A reassortant virus carrying HN410 HA and CS1000 NA with high growth ability was selected as a CVV, which met the requirements for a CVV. These data suggest that different surface gene combinations and the presence or absence of potential N-glycosylation sites on position 46 in the NA gene affect the growth characteristics of H3N8 CVVs.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":43021,"journal":{"name":"Vaccine: X","volume":"19 ","pages":"Article 100531"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590136224001049/pdfft?md5=f7cdf2466fc67d18eea671a1e35c55b6&pid=1-s2.0-S2590136224001049-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141839083","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Post-introduction evaluation (PIE) of rotavirus vaccine in India","authors":"Pawan Kumar ,&nbsp;Arindam Ray ,&nbsp;Amrita Kumari ,&nbsp;Amanjot Kaur ,&nbsp;Rhythm Hora ,&nbsp;Kapil Singh ,&nbsp;Rashmi Mehra ,&nbsp;Seema S Koshal ,&nbsp;Shipra Verma ,&nbsp;Syed F. Quadri ,&nbsp;Arup Deb Roy","doi":"10.1016/j.jvacx.2024.100526","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jvacx.2024.100526","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>India became the first country in the WHO South-East Asia Region (SEAR) to introduce the rotavirus vaccine (RVV) in the Universal immunization programme (UIP) in 2016 with nationwide expansion by 2019. It was a landmark move to reduce the diarrheal disease burden in under-five children. To assess the implementation process of introduction of RVV, Post Introduction Evaluation (PIE) was conducted in March 2022.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>The evaluation was conducted across 14 states, 28 districts and 28 health facilities to obtain a nationwide geographical inclusion. Stakeholders involved in program decision-making, planning, training, vaccine delivery, logistics, and communication from all levels (National, state, district, health facility, health worker, caregiver) were interviewed using standardized data collection tool for PIE (adapted from the standard WHO PIE questionnaire) and scripted on a digital tool.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>A total of 260 interviews were conducted. Political willingness, well-planned preparedness activities, securing vaccines timely, strong supply chain monitoring, availability of domestic RVV products, quality trainings and intense communication activities were the key factors identified for the successful RVV introduction. Key activities during the introduction included cold chain space assessment, trainings of healthcare workforce, dissemination of job aids, updation of recording &amp; reporting formats and strengthening of AEFI surveillance. Lack of community awareness for immunization in a few areas, fear of AEFI amongst some caregivers and local issues with Alternate Vaccine Delivery (AVD) were some reported challenges in achieving high coverage for RVV.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Overall, the nationwide roll-out of RVV was smooth and the vaccine has been well-accepted in the community. The assessment emphasizes on having a well-strategized operational and communication planning, which is very crucial for any new vaccine introduction.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":43021,"journal":{"name":"Vaccine: X","volume":"19 ","pages":"Article 100526"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590136224000998/pdfft?md5=333ec60cdd772a04b8519154e93a1ca3&pid=1-s2.0-S2590136224000998-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141840668","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Factors influencing parental COVID-19 vaccination willingness for children in Japan","authors":"Mami Ueta ,&nbsp;Alton Cao ,&nbsp;Michio Murakami ,&nbsp;Hana Tomoi ,&nbsp;Stuart Gilmour ,&nbsp;Keiko Maruyama-Sakurai ,&nbsp;Yoshihiro Takayama ,&nbsp;Yoshitake Takebayashi ,&nbsp;Masahiro Hashizume ,&nbsp;Rauniyar Santosh Kumar ,&nbsp;Hiroyuki Kunishima ,&nbsp;Wataru Naito ,&nbsp;Tetsuo Yasutaka ,&nbsp;Satoshi Kaneko ,&nbsp;Hiroaki Miyata ,&nbsp;Shuhei Nomura","doi":"10.1016/j.jvacx.2024.100528","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jvacx.2024.100528","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><p>This study aims to investigate the factors influencing parental willingness in COVID-19 vaccination for children in Japan in light of the introduction of pediatric vaccines.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>An online survey was conducted in February 2022, coinciding with the imminent start of pediatric COVID-19 vaccinations in Japan. It assessed attitudes toward vaccine uptake and included questions about health-related attributes, psychological considerations, and sources of COVID-19 information. Data from 2,419 respondents who had children under the age of 12 were analyzed using multinomial logistic regression to identify factors associated with parental willingness towards COVID-19 vaccination for children. The outcomes were “agree” (in favor of vaccination), “not sure” (undecided), with “disagree” (against vaccination) as the reference category.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Among participants supportive of vaccination (“agree” compared to the “disagree” reference), salient determinants included: gender (Men in reference to women: odds ratio [OR] 1.54; 95 % confidence interval [CI] 1.11–2.15), highest educational level (Junior College/Vocational in reference to under high school: OR 0.61; 95 % CI 0.40–0.93, Bachelor’s /Master’s/Doctoral degree in reference to under high school: OR 0.59; 95 % CI 0.42–0.84), perception of benefits of COVID-19 vaccination (Significant in reference to Insignificant: OR 2.04; 95 % CI 1.26–3.28), perception of risks of COVID-19 vaccination (Significant in reference to Insignificant: OR 0.28; 95 % CI 0.19–0.42, Neutral in reference to Insignificant: OR 0.48; 95 % CI 0.33–0.71), the number of referenced information sources utilized for COVID-19 was associated with attitudes towards children’s vaccination (OR 1.02; 95 % CI 1.00–1.04).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>The study highlights the multifaceted factors influencing parents’ COVID-19 vaccination attitudes for their children, encompassing socioeconomic, health, psychological, and informational aspects. Factors like cautious information gathering, vaccine concerns and diverse referenced information sources impact willingness. To facilitate informed decision-making, essential measures include government risk communication, widespread vaccine information dissemination, and enhancing parents’ health information accessibility and evaluation skills are important.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":43021,"journal":{"name":"Vaccine: X","volume":"19 ","pages":"Article 100528"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590136224001013/pdfft?md5=36250064aeac5fa28b34166c7c402200&pid=1-s2.0-S2590136224001013-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141844901","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Associations of mothers’ decisional conflicts and satisfaction with governmental health promotion materials with their daughters’ HPV vaccination uptake in China: A cross-sectional survey","authors":"Zian Lin ,&nbsp;Siyu Chen ,&nbsp;Lixian Su ,&nbsp;He Cao ,&nbsp;Hongbiao Chen ,&nbsp;Yuan Fang ,&nbsp;Xue Liang ,&nbsp;Jianan Chen ,&nbsp;Biyun Luo ,&nbsp;Chuanan Wu ,&nbsp;Zixin Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.jvacx.2024.100529","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jvacx.2024.100529","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>China started to implement the HPV vaccination program for females in 2016. This study investigated associations between mothers’ decisional conflicts, satisfaction with governmental health promotion materials, and their daughters’ HPV vaccination uptake.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>A cross-sectional online survey was conducted between July and October 2023 among mothers of girls aged 9–17 years in Shenzhen, China. Participants were mothers having a daughter aged 9–17 years at the survey date and a smartphone with internet access. About 3 % of all primary and secondary schools in Shenzhen were randomly selected by the research team (11 primary schools and 13 secondary schools). Teachers at the selected schools invited mothers of female students aged 9–17 years to complete an anonymous online questionnaire. Multivariate logistic regression was fitted.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Among 11,728 mothers who completed the survey, 18.9% of their index daughters received at least one dose of HPV vaccination. In multivariate analysis, less decisional conflict about the choice of HPV vaccines for their daughters (AOR: 1.07, 95%CI: 1.05, 1.10), more satisfaction with the government’s health promotional materials related to HPV vaccines (AOR: 1.15, 95%CI: 1.12, 1.19), receiving more cue to action from significant others (AOR: 1.23, 95%CI: 1.19, 1.27), and perceived higher self-efficacy related to HPV vaccines (AOR: 1.79, 95%CI: 1.67, 1.92) were associated with a higher uptake of HPV vaccines. Perceived susceptibility to HPV (AOR: 0.79, 95%CI: 0.74, 0.85), perceived barriers to having the index daughter receive HPV vaccines (AOR: 0.82, 95%CI: 0.80, 0.84), and mothers who were hesitant to receive HPV vaccination (AOR: 0.75, 95%CI: 0.68, 0.84) were associated with a lower uptake.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>HPV vaccination uptake was low among girls in China. Future health promotion should address mothers’ decisional conflicts about the choice of HPV vaccines for their daughters and improve the health promotional materials. School-based HPV vaccination programs might be useful.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":43021,"journal":{"name":"Vaccine: X","volume":"19 ","pages":"Article 100529"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590136224001025/pdfft?md5=7c5f5dfb30a197f7937dab0e184a474a&pid=1-s2.0-S2590136224001025-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141846359","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Knowledge of caregivers regarding pneumococcal diseases and pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV): A cross sectional study at a district in India","authors":"Jayanta Majumder ,&nbsp;Arindam Ray ,&nbsp;Pradeep Haldar ,&nbsp;Arup Deb Roy ,&nbsp;Debasis Roy ,&nbsp;Nitai Chandra Mandal ,&nbsp;Tanmay Mahapatra","doi":"10.1016/j.jvacx.2024.100532","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jvacx.2024.100532","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>To reduce burden of pneumonia, India has introduced Pneumococcal Conjugate vaccine (PCV) in routine immunization programme. The state of West Bengal, India introduced PCV in 2021. Uptake of new vaccines depends a lot on knowledge of caregivers on the disease and vaccine<strong>.</strong> This study aimed to assess the knowledge of caregivers regarding pneumococcal diseases and PCV. The study will inform programme managers to develop a comprehensive demand generation strategy for improving uptake of PCV and other new vaccines.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>It is an observational, cross-sectional study using a predesigned, pretested and structured questionnaire conducted among 353 caregivers of children who has received at least one dose of PCV. The children were aged between 6 weeks to 20 months, residing in rural and urban areas of Howrah district of West Bengal. Sample size was calculated considering 95 % confidence interval and 5 % margin of error.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Results are analysed taking into consideration rural/urban divide, socioeconomic status and other factors influencing vaccine uptake. Study findings suggest lack of knowledge of caregivers regarding pneumococcal diseases and PCV. Most of respondents have no idea about any other pneumococcal diseases apart from pneumonia. More than 40 % does not know about what causes pneumonia and more than 47 % does not know how to prevent pneumonia. They also have poor knowledge about injection site, number of doses, schedule and when to start PCV.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Limited knowledge among caregivers may cause negative impact on vaccine coverage and jeopardise the goal of government to reduce morbidity and mortality due to pneumonia.</p><p>The study findings suggest that there is dearth of knowledge regarding pneumococcal diseases and PCV among caregivers. Therefore the policy makers need to develop a comprehensive plan for awareness generation for improving PCV uptake and strategy developed for this purpose can be implemented in future new vaccine introduction also.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":43021,"journal":{"name":"Vaccine: X","volume":"19 ","pages":"Article 100532"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590136224001050/pdfft?md5=41a687e4e9e02fc49f11f3cf8579e939&pid=1-s2.0-S2590136224001050-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141846775","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of anti-phospholipid antibody titers before and after SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccination in hospital staff","authors":"Michi Hisano ,&nbsp;Naho Morisaki ,&nbsp;Makiko Sampei ,&nbsp;Erika Obikane ,&nbsp;Koushi Yamaguchi","doi":"10.1016/j.jvacx.2024.100539","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jvacx.2024.100539","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Multiple concerning reports have emerged of cardiovascular complications, particularly thrombosis, following mRNA vaccination against the SARS-CoV-2 pathogen. The presence of serologically persistent anti-phospholipid antibodies is a characteristic of antiphospholipid syndrome, which presents with clinical manifestations including thrombosis or pregnancy morbidity. Anti-SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccines pose a theoretical risk of cross-reactivity between the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein and phospholipids in host tissues. In this study, serum anti-phospholipid antibody titers before and after SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccination were compared among 184 hospital staff members. Although no significant differences were found in terms of antibody titers targeting cardiolipin and β2-glycoprotein I, post-vaccination antibody titers targeting phosphatidylethanolamine were found to be significantly increased compared to pre-vaccination levels (<em>p</em> = 0.008). Anti-phosphatidylethanolamine antibodies are the most common anti-phospholipid antibodies detected in patients with recurrent miscarriages at &lt; 10 weeks of gestation. However, the association between vaccination and these types of adverse events remains unknown, thus warranting further investigation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":43021,"journal":{"name":"Vaccine: X","volume":"20 ","pages":"Article 100539"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590136224001128/pdfft?md5=de3f22c2f043423e258767d7bb1a7fa4&pid=1-s2.0-S2590136224001128-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141961469","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}