HOPOS-The Journal of the International Society for the History of Philosophy of Science最新文献_第2页

Editor's Note 编者按

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HOPOS-The Journal of the International Society for the History of Philosophy of Science Pub Date : 2023-06-14 DOI: 10.1086/726258

Lydia Patton

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Remarks on François Jacob’s Concept of Integron 评弗朗索瓦·雅各布的整合概念

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HOPOS-The Journal of the International Society for the History of Philosophy of Science Pub Date : 2023-06-13 DOI: 10.1086/726253

H. Rheinberger

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The Logic of Life, the Creation of the European Molecular Biology Laboratory, and the Relation between Molecular Biology and Physics 生命的逻辑，欧洲分子生物学实验室的创建，分子生物学与物理学的关系

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HOPOS-The Journal of the International Society for the History of Philosophy of Science Pub Date : 2023-06-13 DOI: 10.1086/726252

D. Cozzoli

{"title":"The Logic of Life, the Creation of the European Molecular Biology Laboratory, and the Relation between Molecular Biology and Physics","authors":"D. Cozzoli","doi":"10.1086/726252","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1086/726252","url":null,"abstract":"In The Logic of Life, François Jacob reconstructed the history of heredity from the seventeenth century to the present, emphasizing the role of physics in the development of biology. Quantum mechanics provided questions, methods, and techniques to molecular biologists. In the 1960s, physics also provided the organizational model. Jacob worked on the creation of the European Molecular Biology Laboratory, on the model of CERN (European Organization for Nuclear Research). I argue that reflection on the relation between molecular biology and physics played a part in the making of The Logic of Life. Between the mid-1960s and the early 1970s, Jacob focused on relations between the “genealogy” of his molecular biology work and the development of physics at scientific, institutional, and historical levels. He thus brought molecular biology to the attention of a larger public, following the history of the Institut Pasteur, whose public mission had to be reaffirmed to grant its survival. With The Logic of Life, Jacob became an influential intellectual who engaged with scholars in human sciences. He promoted his view of the development of molecular biology as a model for a possible new discipline: bioanthropology.","PeriodicalId":42878,"journal":{"name":"HOPOS-The Journal of the International Society for the History of Philosophy of Science","volume":"4 1","pages":"463 - 482"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85159885","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A Sexless Universe: How Microbial Genetics Shaped the First History of Reproduction, François Jacob’s The Logic of Life 一个无性的宇宙:微生物遗传学如何塑造繁殖的第一个历史，弗朗索瓦·雅各布的《生命的逻辑》

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HOPOS-The Journal of the International Society for the History of Philosophy of Science Pub Date : 2023-06-13 DOI: 10.1086/726259

N. Hopwood

{"title":"A Sexless Universe: How Microbial Genetics Shaped the First History of Reproduction, François Jacob’s The Logic of Life","authors":"N. Hopwood","doi":"10.1086/726259","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1086/726259","url":null,"abstract":"Although it has not been much noticed, reproduction is the central theme of François Jacob’s important history of biology, La logique du vivant (The Logic of Life). In a book ostensibly devoted to heredity, this molecular biologist had reproduction integrate levels of organization from organisms to molecules and play a major role in each historical transition between them, not just in the influential argument for a shift “from generation to reproduction.” Moreover, I claim, La logique was the first general history of (research on) reproduction. Earlier histories had tackled only aspects of generation and reproduction; none historicized the latter. Jacob’s innovation came out of the rising prominence of reproduction in neo-Darwinist studies of populations and in his own field, the cellular genetics of bacteria and their viruses, and engagement with history and philosophy of science. The discovery of bacterial “sex” enabled microbial genetics but, ironically, led Jacob to a sexless concept of reproduction. This approach molded a history that reached across the living world but slighted sex and the complexities of reproduction in multicellular organisms. Readers can learn from its strength and limitations.","PeriodicalId":42878,"journal":{"name":"HOPOS-The Journal of the International Society for the History of Philosophy of Science","volume":"43 1","pages":"511 - 534"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76977149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Jacob’s Understanding of Reproduction: Challenges from an Organismic Collaborative Framework 雅各布对生殖的理解:来自有机协作框架的挑战

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HOPOS-The Journal of the International Society for the History of Philosophy of Science Pub Date : 2023-06-13 DOI: 10.1086/726256

Arantza Etxeberria Agiriano

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Jacob versus Monod on the Natural Selection of Ideas 雅各布与莫诺论思想的自然选择

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HOPOS-The Journal of the International Society for the History of Philosophy of Science Pub Date : 2023-06-07 DOI: 10.1086/726222

Pierre-Olivier Méthot

{"title":"Jacob versus Monod on the Natural Selection of Ideas","authors":"Pierre-Olivier Méthot","doi":"10.1086/726222","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1086/726222","url":null,"abstract":"François Jacob’s The Logic of Life: A History of Heredity has shown an enduring relevance for the history and philosophy of biology. In this article, resisting the received view that regards this book merely as an application of Foucault’s archaeological method, I reconstruct a silent debate between François Jacob and Jacques Monod. More precisely, I argue that Jacob’s history of biology offers a riposte to Monod’s claims in Chance and Necessity. First, I show that the distinction between a “history of ideas” and a “history of objects” captures two ways of looking at the history of science that characterize Monod’s and Jacob’s own approaches. Next, I present Monod’s search for a “theory of the natural selection of ideas.” Then I argue that the concept of “integron,” introduced by Jacob in his conclusion, covertly undermines Monod’s argument for the use of evolutionary models of cultural and scientific change. These contrasting perspectives shed new light on why the Nobel colaureates and former colleagues expressed little interest in each other’s books. More generally, the Monod-Jacob divide illustrates the use and rejection of biological models in writing the history of science and the importance of situating Jacob within his own milieu.","PeriodicalId":42878,"journal":{"name":"HOPOS-The Journal of the International Society for the History of Philosophy of Science","volume":"48 1","pages":"492 - 510"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85392039","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

“Dare Explanations” (Wagerklärungen): Hypothetical Thinking in Late Eighteenth- and Early Nineteenth-Century German Philosophy of Science “大胆解释”(Wagerklärungen): 18世纪末和19世纪初德国科学哲学中的假设思维

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HOPOS-The Journal of the International Society for the History of Philosophy of Science Pub Date : 2023-06-05 DOI: 10.1086/726182

J. Schickore

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William Whewell, Cluster Theorist of Kinds 威廉·休威尔，类群理论家

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HOPOS-The Journal of the International Society for the History of Philosophy of Science Pub Date : 2023-06-05 DOI: 10.1086/726180

Zina B. Ward

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Breaking into British Academic Life in Second World War Britain: The Story of Rose Rand 《闯入二战时期英国的学术生活:罗斯·兰德的故事》

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HOPOS-The Journal of the International Society for the History of Philosophy of Science Pub Date : 2023-06-01 DOI: 10.1086/726075

Katarina Mihaljevic

{"title":"Breaking into British Academic Life in Second World War Britain: The Story of Rose Rand","authors":"Katarina Mihaljevic","doi":"10.1086/726075","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1086/726075","url":null,"abstract":"In this article, I propose a novel way of understanding the mechanisms of academic transfers in the context of the Second World War by looking at the role of membership and referral systems in determining an applicant’s success. Using largely unexplored archival data from the Society for the Protection of Science and Learning, held at the Bodleian Library, and the British Federation for University Women, held at the British Library of Political and Economic Science, this articles presents the case of Rose Rand. She was a philosopher and one of the core members of the Vienna Circle who spent her professional years in exile, first in the United Kingdom and later in the United States. Her academic journey in the United Kingdom lasted almost 16 years. In that time, Rand never managed to obtain a permanent academic post despite the fact that her philosophical work is deemed relevant today by the experts and historians of her field. By reading and combining new and previously unused biographical data and personal and professional correspondence, this article shows the crucial role that memberships and personal referrals had in determining the success of her academic transfer.","PeriodicalId":42878,"journal":{"name":"HOPOS-The Journal of the International Society for the History of Philosophy of Science","volume":"325 1","pages":"297 - 316"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82928710","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

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The Bernays-Müller Debate 伯纳斯-米勒之争

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HOPOS-The Journal of the International Society for the History of Philosophy of Science Pub Date : 2023-06-01 DOI: 10.1086/726077

Günther Eder

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