Psihologiâ i Pravo最新文献_第4页

Professional Deformations of Teachers and Deviations of Students During the Global Crisis: Psychological Diagnosis, Prevention, Correction 全球危机中教师专业变形与学生偏差:心理诊断、预防与矫正

Psihologiâ i Pravo Pub Date : 2023-06-27 DOI: 10.17759/psylaw.2023130214

G.V. Mitin, L.M. Mitina, J.I. Vostokova

{"title":"Professional Deformations of Teachers and Deviations of Students During the Global Crisis: Psychological Diagnosis, Prevention, Correction","authors":"G.V. Mitin, L.M. Mitina, J.I. Vostokova","doi":"10.17759/psylaw.2023130214","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17759/psylaw.2023130214","url":null,"abstract":"The article is devoted to the study and development of technologies for the prevention and correction of professional deformations of teachers that cause the manifestations of deviant forms of behavior of students. The materials of theoretical and empirical research consisting of ascertaining and forming experiments are presented. The ascertaining study was aimed at studying the personal and professional development and manifestations of professional deformations of teachers (n = 90), individual characteristics and indicators of deviant behavior of students (n = 125); comparative analysis of the results of the study of teachers and students before the crisis (2018) and during the crisis (until now), the formative experiment was a longitudinal study of 2018-2022, in which students of the Pedagogical Education direction took part (n=107). The results obtained prove the effectiveness of the implemented technology of personal and professional development, which contributes to the actualization of the reflexive resource as a psychological means of prevention and correction of professional deformations of teachers and deviations of students.","PeriodicalId":426732,"journal":{"name":"Psihologiâ i Pravo","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135503075","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Prospects for the Use of Psychophysiological Methods to Assess Stress Resistance in a Situation of Professional Psychological Selection 心理生理学方法在专业心理选择情境下评估抗逆性的前景

Psihologiâ i Pravo Pub Date : 2023-06-27 DOI: 10.17759/psylaw.2023130212

A.V. Khavylo, A.V. Ustenko, W.F. Engalychev

{"title":"Prospects for the Use of Psychophysiological Methods to Assess Stress Resistance in a Situation of Professional Psychological Selection","authors":"A.V. Khavylo, A.V. Ustenko, W.F. Engalychev","doi":"10.17759/psylaw.2023130212","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17759/psylaw.2023130212","url":null,"abstract":"The study is aimed at developing the problem of increasing the reliability and objectivity of professional selection. Psychodiagnostic methods used in professional selection have a common drawback: their result is quite easy to falsify. The purpose of the study is to explore the possibilities of psychophysiological methods in solving problems of psychological diagnostics. Hypothesis: the intensity of emotional and physiological reactions to stressful stimuli is positively related to the level of neuroticism and negatively to the stress resistance of the participants in the experiment. The sample consisted of students in the amount of 16 people (11 girls) aged 17 to 21 years. A modified Eysenck personality questionnaire and a test by Cohen and Willianson were used. The experiment consisted in presenting stressful video material to the participants and simultaneously fixing their mimic and physiological reactions. It was found that the intensity of the manifestation of the emotion of sadness is positively associated with low stress tolerance, and the severity of the emotion of happy is positively associated with the level of neuroticism (p&lt;0.05). The revealed effects are both of applied importance in the context of professional selection, and are of independent theoretical interest.","PeriodicalId":426732,"journal":{"name":"Psihologiâ i Pravo","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135503071","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Evaluation of the Value of Physiological Cues to Determining the Salience of a Risk Factor in a Situation of Screening Polygraph Test 生理线索在筛选测谎测试中确定风险因素显著性的价值评价

Psihologiâ i Pravo Pub Date : 2023-06-27 DOI: 10.17759/psylaw.2023130207

D.M. Kuptsova, N.V. Dvoryanchikov

{"title":"Evaluation of the Value of Physiological Cues to Determining the Salience of a Risk Factor in a Situation of Screening Polygraph Test","authors":"D.M. Kuptsova, N.V. Dvoryanchikov","doi":"10.17759/psylaw.2023130207","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17759/psylaw.2023130207","url":null,"abstract":"The scientific validity of polygraph testing is regularly criticized by the scientific community in view of the subjectivity of data evaluation and the unclear predictive value of the parameters obtained with the help of a polygraph. In order to clarify the contribution of the physiological cues used in identifying the salience of the topic during polygraph screening, the materials of an empirical study obtained from a sample of 67 volunteers who have a risk factor associated with forgery of documents and do not have it are presented. A psychophysiological method was used with a preliminary questionnaire about the well-being at the time of the experiment. During the paid experiment, it was proposed to forge a financial document and lie about it to a polygraph examiner, or answer questions honestly. In order to eliminate subjectivity in data evaluation, all registered signals were digitized, standardized and processed using the discriminate analysis method. At the same time, a high accuracy of the discriminant model was found (92.5%). The parameters of a short-term rise in blood pressure and changes in the electrical activity of the skin were the main variables for the classification of persons with and without a risk factor. The data obtained complement previous studies on the accuracy of the polygraph screening test, expanding the prognostic value of the length of the respiratory signal line.","PeriodicalId":426732,"journal":{"name":"Psihologiâ i Pravo","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135503073","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Negative Motives of the Debtor in the Context of Legal Regulation of Debt Relations. Criminological Consequences of Unsatisfactory Resolution of Debt Relations 债务关系法律规制背景下债务人的消极动机。债务关系不妥善解决的犯罪学后果

Psihologiâ i Pravo Pub Date : 2023-03-30 DOI: 10.17759/psylaw.2023130111

P.A. Skoblikov

{"title":"Negative Motives of the Debtor in the Context of Legal Regulation of Debt Relations. Criminological Consequences of Unsatisfactory Resolution of Debt Relations","authors":"P.A. Skoblikov","doi":"10.17759/psylaw.2023130111","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17759/psylaw.2023130111","url":null,"abstract":"The article shows what place in the Russian legal system is occupied by the regulation of debt relations and ensuring the repayment of debts. The thesis on expediency of identification and accounting of motives of the debtor by participants of civil turnover and law enforcers is substantiated. The author&rsquo;s concept of the psychological mechanism of effective collection of problem debts by economic entities and other creditors is presented. This concept is based on the analysis and consideration of the motivational sphere of the non-performing debtor, and, in particular, its negative motives. Typical negative motives of debtors are described and systematized, recommendations for their weakening or liquidation are given. The legal and actual limits of efforts to recover problem debts, as well as the criminological consequences of the ineffectiveness of legal methods of debt collection are shown. The empirical basis of the study was the materials of pre-investigation checks, criminal and civil cases related to the debtors&rsquo; failure to fulfill their obligations, the results of surveys of employees of commercial organizations (from units for working with bad debts, legal units and economic security services), law enforcement officers. The information obtained as a result of the included observation and self-observation, field experiments and other sources are also used.","PeriodicalId":426732,"journal":{"name":"Psihologiâ i Pravo","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135463756","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Formation of Legal Awareness as a Component of the Professional Identity of Specialists in the Social Sphere at the Stage of Study at the University 作为大学学习阶段社会领域专家职业认同组成部分的法律意识的形成

Psihologiâ i Pravo Pub Date : 2023-03-30 DOI: 10.17759/psylaw.2023130116

S.V. Markova, E.A. Nikitskaya

{"title":"Formation of Legal Awareness as a Component of the Professional Identity of Specialists in the Social Sphere at the Stage of Study at the University","authors":"S.V. Markova, E.A. Nikitskaya","doi":"10.17759/psylaw.2023130116","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17759/psylaw.2023130116","url":null,"abstract":"The analysis of works in pedagogy, psychology, sociology, philosophy and jurisprudence allows us to state the presence of certain problems in professional training, in particular, in the formation of legal consciousness of future specialists in the social sphere at the stage of university education. The array of studies of legal consciousness in the humanitarian fields of knowledge shows that the general scientific discourse is focused on understanding the phenomenon as a significant factor in the formation of professional identity, as well as the analysis of real and potential opportunities to create conditions for the development of students&rsquo; legal consciousness in the conditions of universities. The aim of the study, the results of which are presented in the article, was to investigate the impact of the formation of legal consciousness on the professional identity of students. The article describes the stages of the experimental study, presents the sample, the tools, describes and interprets the results, as well as outlines the prospects of the study.","PeriodicalId":426732,"journal":{"name":"Psihologiâ i Pravo","volume":"210 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135463759","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Features of Psychological Defense Mechanisms and Individual Coping Strategies of Juvenile Delinquency 青少年犯罪的心理防御机制特征及个体应对策略

Psihologiâ i Pravo Pub Date : 2023-03-30 DOI: 10.17759/psylaw.2023130108

G.I. Garnaeva, E.O. Shishova

{"title":"Features of Psychological Defense Mechanisms and Individual Coping Strategies of Juvenile Delinquency","authors":"G.I. Garnaeva, E.O. Shishova","doi":"10.17759/psylaw.2023130108","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17759/psylaw.2023130108","url":null,"abstract":"The article presents data from a study aimed at studying strategies for overcoming personal difficulties and the degree of adaptation to stress and traumatic circumstances in the context of norm and juvenile delinquency. Empirical data were obtained on the basis of general educational institutions in Kazan and special educational institutions for children and adolescents with deviant behavior. The total sample size was 163 people. Of these, 106 are juvenile criminals and 57 are law-abiding teenagers. We used the methodology of E. Heim &ldquo;Study of coping mechanisms&rdquo; and the questionnaire &ldquo;Index of life style&rdquo;. With the help of one-way analysis of variance in groups of subjects serving sentences in different places, significant differences were established in the protective mechanisms and in the coping mechanisms of convicted juveniles. It is shown that individuals who commit illegal actions are characterized by excessive inclusion of psychological defenses and non-adaptive versions of coping behavior, which does not allow them to realize an objective, real situation and contribute to its effective resolution. It is concluded that it is necessary to develop individual programs for deep psychological correction of criminal forms of behavior and the formation of constructive strategies to overcome stressful situations.","PeriodicalId":426732,"journal":{"name":"Psihologiâ i Pravo","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135463917","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Body: Social-Representational Regard 正文:社会表征性关注

Psihologiâ i Pravo Pub Date : 2023-03-30 DOI: 10.17759/psylaw.2023130114

I.B. Bovina, N.V. Dvoryanchikov, D.V. Melnikova, N.V. Lavreshkin, S.V. Budykin

{"title":"Body: Social-Representational Regard","authors":"I.B. Bovina, N.V. Dvoryanchikov, D.V. Melnikova, N.V. Lavreshkin, S.V. Budykin","doi":"10.17759/psylaw.2023130114","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17759/psylaw.2023130114","url":null,"abstract":"Our focus in this paper is the discussion of the body as an object of research in the theory of social representations, which determines the aim of the theoretical and analytical study. The body is an inherently complex and polymorphous object that lies at the intersection of a number of diverse dimensions (biological-social; body-mind; individual-social etc.). The proposed analysis of empirical facts concerning the social representations of the body obtained within the framework of social representation theory gives us grounds to draw a rather paradoxical conclusion: the social representation theory postulates importance of the body as an object of social representations, privileges this topic for the theory of social representations, specificity of the body as an object of social representations. On the other hand, there are relatively few studies devoted to the study of social perceptions of the body, with such elements as health and beauty turning out to be the key elements around which they crystallize. The paper outlines the lines of further analysis of social perceptions, taking into account the phenomenon of the &ldquo;mute zone&rdquo; of social representations.","PeriodicalId":426732,"journal":{"name":"Psihologiâ i Pravo","volume":"279 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135463755","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Features of Emotional and Volitional Stability of Police Officers at Various Stages of Occupational Genesis 警察职业形成不同阶段的情绪与意志稳定性特征

Psihologiâ i Pravo Pub Date : 2023-03-30 DOI: 10.17759/psylaw.2023130104

N.A. Goncharova, A.S. Dushkin, I.N. Konopleva, M.V. Pryakhina

{"title":"Features of Emotional and Volitional Stability of Police Officers at Various Stages of Occupational Genesis","authors":"N.A. Goncharova, A.S. Dushkin, I.N. Konopleva, M.V. Pryakhina","doi":"10.17759/psylaw.2023130104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17759/psylaw.2023130104","url":null,"abstract":"The article deals with the issues of emotional and volitional stability, acting as the leading ones in the system of moral and psychological support for the activities of the internal affairs bodies of the Russian Federation. The purpose of the article was to analyze the features of emotional and volitional stability of police officers of the territorial bodies of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia and cadets of the educational organization of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia. The sample is represented by two groups of 119 people, including police officers, 65 people, cadets of the educational organization of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia &mdash; 54 people. The research methods were presented by the diagnostic unit: the questionnaire for assessing neuropsychic stability &ldquo;Prognosis-2&rdquo; (V.Yu. Rybnikov); the test &ldquo;Lifestyle Analysis&rdquo; (Boston stress tolerance test), the Individual typological questionnaire L.N. Sobchik, The methodology of the study of the volitional organization of the personality of A.A.Khokhlov, The test questionnaire of A.V. Zverkov and E.V. Eidman &ldquo;The study of volitional self-regulation&rdquo;. Research results. The presence of significantly significant differences (p&le;0.05) between the groups was established, indicating a higher level of neuropsychic stability, stress resistance and emotional-volitional regulation of police officers, which is determined by age characteristics and character accentuations. The normative indicators in both groups were not exceeded, which generally reflects the quality of professional psychological selection and the stability of the personality of police officers.","PeriodicalId":426732,"journal":{"name":"Psihologiâ i Pravo","volume":"576 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135463914","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Personality Predictors of Cyber-Victimization and Cyber-Bullying in Adolescence 青少年网络受害与网络欺凌的人格预测因素

Psihologiâ i Pravo Pub Date : 2023-03-30 DOI: 10.17759/psylaw.2023130107

A.A. Vikhman

{"title":"Personality Predictors of Cyber-Victimization and Cyber-Bullying in Adolescence","authors":"A.A. Vikhman","doi":"10.17759/psylaw.2023130107","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17759/psylaw.2023130107","url":null,"abstract":"The article presents an empirical study of personality predictors of cyber-victimization and cyber-bullying in adolescence. There is a shortage of domestic (Russian) studies of individual psychological predictors of both cyber victimization and cyber aggression. To overcome this deficit, an empirical study was organized on a sample of 220 students of secondary specialized and higher educational institutions (age range from 16 to 22 years old, average age 18.3). There is a strong gender bias towards the female in the sample. Using the adapted Cyberbullying and Online Aggression Survey S. Hinduja, J.W. Patchin we measured indicators of cyber-victimization and cyber-aggression among students. To diagnose personality traits, the Russian-language version of the Big Five Inventory (BFI) questionnaire was used. As a result of step-by-step regression analysis, several reliable models of personality traits were built that predict cyber victimization and cyber aggression. Cyber-victimhood predicts declining conscientiousness (β = -0.197) and increasing openness to new experiences (β = 0.148) and neuroticism (β = 0.145). Cyberbullying predicts declining conscientiousness (β = -0.227), benevolence (β = -0.178), and increasing extraversion (β = 0.171). The special role of the lack of conscientiousness, the only personality trait that affects both phenomena at once, is discussed. Analysis of personal predictors of cyber-victimhood in the domestic sample of students as a whole shows a similar picture with the available foreign data. Based on the identified models, it became possible to build preventive programs to reduce cyberbullying in adolescence.","PeriodicalId":426732,"journal":{"name":"Psihologiâ i Pravo","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135463913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Psychological Features of Professional Demand and Motivation of Law-Enforcement Officers 执法人员职业需求与职业动机的心理特征

Psihologiâ i Pravo Pub Date : 2023-03-30 DOI: 10.17759/psylaw.2023130102

Yu.Yu. Strelnikova, N.A. Goncharova

{"title":"Psychological Features of Professional Demand and Motivation of Law-Enforcement Officers","authors":"Yu.Yu. Strelnikova, N.A. Goncharova","doi":"10.17759/psylaw.2023130102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17759/psylaw.2023130102","url":null,"abstract":"The article considers the peculiarities of professional demand and motivational profile of the personality of employees of operational subdivisions and patrol-guard service of the police. The sample is represented by 89 employees of internal affairs bodies in age from 29 to 36 years, with the service experience of 2-3 years. Purpose of the study: to determine the influence of the specifics of service activity, motivation and social characteristics on the experience of professional demand for police officers. Methods: anonymous questionnaire of assessment of socio-psychological factors; methodology &ldquo;Professional demand for personality&rdquo; (E.V. Kharitonova, B.A. Yasko); questionnaire &ldquo;Motivational profile&rdquo; (S. Ritchie, P. Martin). As a result of the study it was found that the specifics of service activities of police officers and their motivation have a significant impact on the overall level of professional demand for personality and its individual components, as well as on the socio-psychological adaptation, &ldquo;turnover&rdquo; and psychological health of specialists. Operational unit officers differ from patrol officers (p &le; 0,05) with a more harmonious profile of the professional demand for personality.","PeriodicalId":426732,"journal":{"name":"Psihologiâ i Pravo","volume":"78 3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135463749","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0