Geometry & Graphics最新文献

{"title":"Solving Educational and Applied Engineering and Construction Problems by Computer Graphics Methods","authors":"E. Verhoturova","doi":"10.12737/2308-4898-2022-10-4-46-58","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12737/2308-4898-2022-10-4-46-58","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this study is to develop an algorithm for solving educational computational and graphic work from a cycle of constructive tasks of engineering and construction design (construction graphics) by computer geometric modeling in the environment of the domestic nanoCAD program. Algorithmization of the solution of the problem was carried out on the example of a training task from the cycle of graphic works in the course \"Engineering and computer graphics\", which is performed by students in the first semester and is the basis for solving problems of engineering and construction design. It is shown that the use of computer geometric modeling methods by means of modern software products makes it possible to speed up the process of solving a problem, simplify the calculation of the necessary data and visualize the results, which together contribute to an increase in the didactic effect and mastering the learning competencies necessary in future professional activities. Computer geometric modeling contributes to the understanding of the principles of modern information technologies, and also instills the skills to use them to solve more complex educational problems and tasks of future professional activity. Thus, the application of the proposed algorithm of computer geometric modeling in solving educational and applied problems within the framework of the training course \"Engineering and Computer Graphics\" in the preparation of students of engineering and construction profile, as well as in the performance of research and design activities is appropriate.","PeriodicalId":426623,"journal":{"name":"Geometry & Graphics","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134619987","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Graphic Training of Students Using Forms of Distance Learning","authors":"Z.T. Nazarova","doi":"10.12737/2308-4898-2022-10-4-59-66","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12737/2308-4898-2022-10-4-59-66","url":null,"abstract":"This article examines the experience of graphic training of students of a transport university in the conditions of distance learning caused by the COVID-19 pandemic by the example of studying the discipline \"Descriptive geometry and computer graphics\". The use of the BlackBoard electronic educational environment and the teaching and methodological developments of the department staff is shown both as a learning medium for students, including independent work, and as a means of teaching for the teaching staff. Not only the remote format of classes is considered, but also the so-called mixed format, when in-person laboratory or practical classes are held only in small groups, and streaming lectures are conducted with the use of an electronic educational environment. After the end of the pandemic, the mixed format is used in many educational organizations continuously or occasionally due to the withdrawal of a separate group to quarantine. Within the framework of the article, a comparative analysis was carried out, reflecting data on the quality of graphic training among students who studied before, during and after the pandemic, using the example of samples from among the students of the 2019 – 2022 sets. The results of the comparative analysis show that there were no significant fluctuations in one direction or another. This allows us to conclude that the measures taken to organize the educational process in the remote format of classes have helped to preserve the quality of graphic training of students. Recommendations on the organization of graphic training of students are given, which can be used by geometry teachers both in the field of higher education and secondary special education, after returning to the usual conditions of the educational process.","PeriodicalId":426623,"journal":{"name":"Geometry & Graphics","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124914697","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Application of the Koch Curve to Increase the Strength of Aircraft Parts","authors":"L. Zhikharev","doi":"10.12737/2308-4898-2022-10-4-13-25","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12737/2308-4898-2022-10-4-13-25","url":null,"abstract":"Fractals are formed by iterative repetition of the construction algorithm at different scale levels. The use of such an algorithm, which increases the strength properties during the construction of the structure, will strengthen these properties with each iteration. The Koch curve principle is applied in the article. Replacing the compressible plate with four new ones connected at angles increases the stability of the structure. \u0000This article theoretically confirms the increase in the stability of the Koch plate both at the level of individual plates and at the level of fractal segments and the structure as a whole (general stability). Regularities of stability changes at different scale levels with an increase in the number of iterations are established. A comparison of variants of Koch plates with different similarity coefficients is also carried out. \u0000The theoretical results were confirmed using simulations in the CAE system Solid-Works - a finite element analysis of the stability of computer models of the Koch plates was carried out. The graphs constructed from the obtained data correspond to the theoretical predictions of the dependence of stability on the geometric parameters of the Koch plate. \u0000As an illustration of the applicability of this kind of fractal structures in the design of aircraft parts, a fractal modification of a typical part, the slat rail, has been developed. The proposed modification of the rail was also investigated using computer simulations. A comparison of the strength properties of a standard-shaped part and its analogue with a fractal structure included showed the advantage of the latter: with certain values of mass and loading scheme, the fractal modification showed twice as much stability. This reduces the weight of the standard slat rail by 5% without loss of strength properties.","PeriodicalId":426623,"journal":{"name":"Geometry & Graphics","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129119986","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Graphic Disciplines and Informatization of Engineering Education","authors":"I. Kozlova, R. Slavin, B. Slavin","doi":"10.12737/2308-4898-2022-10-4-35-45","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12737/2308-4898-2022-10-4-35-45","url":null,"abstract":"The development of information technology has given a significant impetus and progress both for various industries and life, as well as for education. The national program \"Digital Economy of the Russian Federation\" provides for ensuring the introduction of digital technologies in the economy and social sphere, and is associated with the National Project \"Education (2019-2024)\", which includes the Federal Project \"Digital Educational Environment\" based on the introduction of the target model of modern digital technologies into educational programs. Innovative methods and forms of training create a strategy for the professional training of specialists, and computer visibility of the forms of the part gives an idea of the assembly technology, allows you to perform competent drawings. The purpose of the study is to analyze the methods of solving the problems of descriptive geometry and engineering graphics together with the use of methods of surface formation by geometric methods, as well as on the basis of basic CAD operations COMPASS-3D. \u0000In modern high school, in most cases, drawing is not studied, or only the most general concepts and definitions are studied. The existing course of school computer science deals only with general issues and practically does not give skills in drawing and modeling. As a result, applicants for the most part come to a technical university unprepared for the normal perception of geometric and graphic disciplines. In this regard, two priority tasks of further informatization of engineering education at the technical university have been formulated. On the one hand, this is the improvement of the methodology for teaching geometro-graphic disciplines, including in distance learning. On the other hand, it is the involvement of schoolchildren in various Olympiads and competitions held on the basis of technical universities to develop the initial skills of drawing and modeling simple objects.","PeriodicalId":426623,"journal":{"name":"Geometry & Graphics","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132458209","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF SIMULATOR BY CURRICULUM «DESCRIPTIVE GEOMETRY»","authors":"A. Folomkin, S. Yankilevich, O. Moroz","doi":"10.12737/2308-4898-2023-10-3-54-70","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12737/2308-4898-2023-10-3-54-70","url":null,"abstract":"The availability of the material and technological capabilities of modern information and communication technologies in the field of education allows, on the one hand, to realize the creative potential of each teacher in creating such tools as educational and methodological complexes, applications, simulators, educational games, and so on, significantly changing the pedagogical tools, and on the other hand, the expanding range of newly created teaching aids causes an urgent need for an adequate assessment of their impact on learning outcomes. The purpose of the work is to evaluate the effectiveness of using the simulator program for independent studies of students in the discipline \"Descriptive geometry\". The work used such research methods as questionnaires using Google Forms, testing, timing, statistical data processing, comparison of control and experimental groups, construction of bar and pie charts, SWOT analysis. In the process of pedagogical research, the following platforms and programs were used: LMS Moodle, Microsoft Excel, an original simulator program for the development of students' spatial thinking. It has been established that the developed simulator program for the development of spatial thinking of students of engineering specialties studying the discipline \"Descriptive Geometry\" allows increasing students' interest in mastering the topics of the discipline, favorably affects the formation of skills for constructing orthogonal projections of a point, reducing the time for solving problems on this topic by 40% and also positively affects the degree of adequacy of students' self-assessment. It has also been established that to check in a semi-automatic mode 80 reports of students on the implementation of individual tasks in the simulator program, the teacher will spend only about 30 ... 40 minutes of his time. At the end of the article, ways to improve the simulator program are given and directions for further research are outlined.","PeriodicalId":426623,"journal":{"name":"Geometry & Graphics","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130777656","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Engineering graphics in the light of parting with the Bologna agreement","authors":"D. Tikhonov-Bugrov, S. Abrosimov","doi":"10.12737/2308-4898-2023-10-3-45-53","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12737/2308-4898-2023-10-3-45-53","url":null,"abstract":"The situation that has developed as a result of the signing by Russia of the Bologna agreement is considered and an attempt is made to evaluate the prospects for leaving it. It is noted that the introduction of undergraduate and master's master has broken a classic domestic system of higher education. A reference is made to the work of specialists who predicted serious problems of building undergraduate in the sphere of professional activity. In relation to graphic training, two aspects are considered: undergraduate and competency -based approach to education. The undergraduate has greatly cut off not only the audit load, but also the total number of hours to study disciplines. The specified deficit gave rise to the exclusion of drawing geometry from a number of educational standards. This trend was paid attention to, in particular, Bulgarian colleagues. The result is the loss of the theoretical basis of the departments teaching graphic disciplines. The investigation is a loss of independence, unification with other departments. Due to the fact that employers in the field of equipment perceived the undergraduate as unacceptable engineers, unsuitable attempts were made to introduce engineering undergraduate. The deficiency of the auditor's load crushed mentoring - the invaluable quality of domestic education. It is especially important when working with 1-2 courses, due to the lack of graphics at school, insufficient training in the field of geometry, a small emphasis on analytics in the educational process. Attention is drawn to the “quiet revolution” that occurred in domestic education in connection with a competency -based approach. The educational process is built from the result to training i.e. In the opposite direction in relation to the classical scheme. Now the main in training is the employer. The relationship, mutual understanding between it and the university, the individual department unambiguously determines the quality of education. A possible dictate can turn a number of aspects of the educational process into formal or ineffective. Examples are given. In terms of forecasts, it is noted that the undergraduate will not disappear at the same time, and the specialists in the field of graphic training are faced with training using innovative approaches in the educational and production educational process within the framework of a specialty.","PeriodicalId":426623,"journal":{"name":"Geometry & Graphics","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122373201","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"On the geometric interpretation of quaternions by cones","authors":"G. Scheglov","doi":"10.12737/2308-4898-2023-10-3-23-34","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12737/2308-4898-2023-10-3-23-34","url":null,"abstract":"The geometric interpretation of quaternions is considered. The visualization complexity of quaternions is due to the fact that these objects have four independent parameters. A literature analysis shows that the problem of geometric interpretation of quaternions has not been completely solved to date. \u0000The first section provides general provisions on quaternions and the necessary notations. The second section describes the classical geometric interpretation of quaternions by arcs on a unit sphere. The third section describes a new geometric interpretation and its application to the problem of a vector finite rotation. \u0000The geometric interpretation of the quaternion as the surface of a right circular cone is presented. This representation allow demonstrating it as a holistic object in which the scalar and vector parts are interconnected, taking into account their modules and signs. \u0000For the considered normalized quaternion, it is easy to understanding an important entity, the quaternion versor: in general, it is a cone, which in the limiting case of a pure scalar quaternion transform into a sphere, and in the limiting case of a pure vector quaternion transform into an ordinary vector. This distinctive feature of the proposed geometric interpretation makes it possible, even when projected onto a plane, to clearly distinguish visualization of the quaternions with a nonzero scalar part from pure vector quaternions, which is difficult to do in the other known interpretations. The representation of quaternions by cones clearly demonstrates the need for a double quaternion product, when the vector is rotated around an arbitrary axis. \u0000Images of quaternions as cones, spheres and vectors can be useful in the study of quaternion algebra, which is currently finding increasing use in engineering.","PeriodicalId":426623,"journal":{"name":"Geometry & Graphics","volume":"266 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122985519","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reverse engineering is an effective tool for teaching engineering graphics","authors":"E. Verhoturova, S. Pronin, G. Ivaschenko","doi":"10.12737/2308-4898-2023-10-3-35-44","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12737/2308-4898-2023-10-3-35-44","url":null,"abstract":"This study proposes the introduction of reverse engineering technology into a graphic workshop in the discipline «Engineering Graphics». The purpose of this study was the scientific and methodological substantiation of the need to use reverse engineering in the methodology of teaching engineering graphics. The article considers the concept of «reverse engineering», its application for solving engineering problems and in the educational process. It is shown that reverse engineering of a part and a sketch of a part are used in solving issues of production organization, in pilot production, repair and other cases, to solve similar and sometimes identical engineering problems. It has been suggested that the technology of reverse engineering in production conditions can replace the function of sketching a part. In the educational process for some areas of training, it is proposed to consider reverse engineering of the part in addition to the topic “part sketch”. A comparison is made of the use of reverse engineering technology and part sketching to solve the engineering problem of obtaining a three-dimensional digital model of a part. As part of the educational process, it is proposed to consider it as a situational or complex task. The scientific and methodological substantiation of the need to use reverse engineering in the methodology of teaching engineering graphics is based on the results of the experiment, which included parallel operations of reverse engineering and part sketching.","PeriodicalId":426623,"journal":{"name":"Geometry & Graphics","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127842535","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Principles of constructing geometric models of nanoclusters along a tetrahedral line","authors":"P. Kononov, I. Kononova, O. Moroz","doi":"10.12737/2308-4898-2023-10-3-12-22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12737/2308-4898-2023-10-3-12-22","url":null,"abstract":"In connection with the development of new methods of nanotechnology, the article discusses the features of the morphology of nanoobjects that determine the relevance of the modernization of the training of undergraduates in the study of the disciplines «Nanomaterial Science», «Nanotechnology», «Descriptive geometry, engineering and computer graphics» and «Computer modeling». \u0000Recently, the concept of «cluster» has become relevant due to the trend in the development of nanomaterials. Such nanomaterials obtained using unconventional growth mechanisms (including oriented attachment) are extremely interesting in the field of electronics, photonics and are of great interest for catalysis. \u0000The article considers homoatomic clusters constructed from identical structural units. The desire to minimize energy is expressed in the tendency to the densest arrangement of structural units in the cluster. This allows us to assert that cluster structures with the maximum number of connections per structural unit will be the most stable; that clusters tend to a quasi-spherical shape (i.e., cluster sizes along three Cartesian axes should be close if possible, while dense structures are formed, the surface of which is minimal, and the number of connections is maximum); that clusters with higher symmetry are preferable (identical structural units composing the cluster framework should strive to stay in an indistinguishable state and position from each other). \u0000The work applies the knowledge and skills laid down by students in the course of engineering and computer graphics to the study of the patterns of processes in the nanowire on the example of the principles of building nanoclusters along a tetrahedral line using three-dimensional modeling in the Autodesk 3ds Max environment. Visualization and visual representation of geometric images of nanoclusters will allow students to avoid a primitive geometric representation of nanoobjects and will serve as motivation to study other natural science subjects. \u0000The content of the article is intended for specialists working in the fields of nanotechnology, solid-state electronics, micro- and nanoelectronics, micro- and nanosystem technology, thin-film sensors.","PeriodicalId":426623,"journal":{"name":"Geometry & Graphics","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130522381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Building a Sphere from Imaginary Points","authors":"A. Girsh","doi":"10.12737/2308-4898-2023-10-3-3-11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12737/2308-4898-2023-10-3-3-11","url":null,"abstract":"Euclidean spaces of various dimensions do not contain imaginary images and objects by definition, but are inextricably linked with them through special cases, and this leads to the need to expand the field in geometry into the region of imaginary values [1, 19, 26]. Such an extension, i.e. adding to the field of real coordinates spaces of different dimensions, the field of imaginary coordinates leads to different variants of spaces of different dimensions, depending on the chosen axiomatics. Earlier in a number of articles, examples of solving some actual problems of geometry using imaginary geometric images and objects were shown [4, 5, 6, 13, 21, 22, 29]. \u0000 The article provides constructions for constructing a sphere from four predetermined points, of which one pair or both pairs of points can be imaginary complex conjugate. The construction is carried out on combined diagrams by the methods of descriptive geometry by analogy with the well-known problem of constructing a sphere from four real points. The construction of a sphere is based on seven auxiliary constructions for constructing a circle from points that can be imaginary conjugates. Both 3D problems of constructing spheres for given points and methods of 2D construction problems for determining the required imaginary points are considered. A method for calculating the parameters of the obtained sphere is described. The application of the method to other problems of descriptive geometry, for example, to the problems of finding geometric places of points, is considered. equidistant from two given surfaces. Recently, this issue has been intensively studied, for example, in the works [5, 6].","PeriodicalId":426623,"journal":{"name":"Geometry & Graphics","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128442951","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}