Bio-Algorithms and Med-Systems最新文献

{"title":"The use of modern IT solutions for educational purposes on the example of an application enabling to visualize the human eye","authors":"A. Sochocka, A. Sołtys, Rafal Starypan","doi":"10.1515/bams-2020-0017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/bams-2020-0017","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The publication presents the “Okopaczaj” application which is aimed to promote health by increasing the awareness about the structure and the consequences of the diseases of the eyesight organ. The first part of the article focuses on the factors which affected creating the application and its general construction. The second part describes the tools of Godot, Blender and Photoshop which were used in the process of creating particular parts of the application. The third part presents the modes that are available in the “Okopaczaj” application as well as their functioning and available functions. The last part summarizes the article and the results of the research conducted with the use of the application.","PeriodicalId":42620,"journal":{"name":"Bio-Algorithms and Med-Systems","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2020-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1515/bams-2020-0017","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48092437","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cultural life: Theory and empirical testing","authors":"D. Baciu","doi":"10.31219/osf.io/ad9fu","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31219/osf.io/ad9fu","url":null,"abstract":"\"What is life?\" and Erwin Schrödinger's answer, \"negative entropy\", inspired researchers in the 20th century to unite physics, chemistry, and physiology into a new synthesis that many believe to be an important foundation for life science today. Decades after Schrödinger, life scientists are still fascinated by the riddle that entropy can only accumulate in physical systems, which often leads to biological deterioration and death, but life finds ways to persist and prevail. So to say, life \"negates\" entropy. Can this fascination and research concept be broadened even further to human culture? Short after Schrödinger's publication, Claude Shannon coined the term \"information entropy.\" Information entropy accumulates when noise interferes during communication. Eventually, all useful information is lost. Yet, from this observation, something surprising can be inferred. Not only biological life but also cultural life has the ability to persist and prevail in spite of the accumulation of entropy. Does this insight mean that cultural life also negates entropy, in Schrödinger's sense? These questions guided me over several years of research during which I developed and tested a new theory of culture based on variation-selection processes and homeostatic regulation. My contribution is to discover that these two processes not only explain how biological systems negate entropy. They also explain some of the most important phenomena of cultural life: returning fashions, polarization, diversification, cycles of growth and reform, and the formation of common ethos across entire bodies of knowledge. With access to big data and supercomputing, I tested my theory against hundreds of thousands of news, magazine articles, books, and TV transcripts as well as textual content collected from the social media. Historical, institutional, and geographical information was extracted from these data using a new method; and new interactive tools were created to interpret the results. What should not be missed when reading this article is that the theory proposed here reveals a striking equivalence between nature and culture. This article states this equivalence in mathematical terms, and contextualizes it in the history of science. The mathematical breakthrough is relevant because it aligns the humanities to science while also allowing for live evaluation of what I call \"cultural diversification cycles.\"","PeriodicalId":42620,"journal":{"name":"Bio-Algorithms and Med-Systems","volume":"112 1","pages":"104208"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2020-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79295677","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Feature selection for classification in Steady state visually evoked potentials (SSVEP)-based brain-computer interfaces with genetic algorithm","authors":"Stanisław Karkosz, M. Jukiewicz","doi":"10.1515/bams-2020-0013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/bams-2020-0013","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Objectives Optimization of Brain-Computer Interface by detecting the minimal number of morphological features of signal that maximize accuracy. Methods System of signal processing and morphological features extractor was designed, then the genetic algorithm was used to select such characteristics that maximize the accuracy of the signal’s frequency recognition in offline Brain-Computer Interface (BCI). Results The designed system provides higher accuracy results than a previously developed system that uses the same preprocessing methods, however, different results were achieved for various subjects. Conclusions It is possible to enhance the previously developed BCI by combining it with morphological features extraction, however, it’s performance is dependent on subject variability.","PeriodicalId":42620,"journal":{"name":"Bio-Algorithms and Med-Systems","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2020-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1515/bams-2020-0013","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46110187","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CBIR aided classification using extreme learning machine with probabilistic scaling in MRI brain image","authors":"A. Geetha, N. Gomathi","doi":"10.1515/bams-2019-0060","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/bams-2019-0060","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract An enormous number of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) brain images were produced in hospitals and several MRI centers. To exploit the diagnosis in MRI brain image, “content-based image retrieval (CBIR)” system is accessed in the MRI brain image database. In this paper, a content-based MRI brain image retrieval system is presented, which is helpful in the medical field to seek a diagnosis in an MRI brain image that is similar to the example given. This paper consists of preprocessing, feature extraction, feature selection, similarity measure, and classification. In the preprocessing phase, the Wiener filter is used to remove the unwanted pixels from an MRI brain image. In the second phase, the features related to MRI brain image are extracted using characteristics of shape, margin, and density of the MRI. In the third stage, the features of MRI brain image were reduced using principal component analysis. CBIR classification is used in this method to gain effectual results. In the first stage, retrieval images are obtained using similarity measures using the similarity between the query image features and the derived trained image features. Finally, the classification stage is an extreme learning machine with probabilistic scaling used to classify the obtained retrieval output image and the query image. The result demonstrates that the proposed CBIR approach is robust and effectual compared with other latest work.","PeriodicalId":42620,"journal":{"name":"Bio-Algorithms and Med-Systems","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2020-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1515/bams-2019-0060","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46060926","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A category theoretic approach to metaphor comprehension: Theory of indeterminate natural transformation","authors":"M. Fuyama, H. Saigo, Tatsuji Takahashi","doi":"10.31234/osf.io/zp3jq","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/zp3jq","url":null,"abstract":"We propose the theory of indeterminate natural transformation (TINT) to investigate the dynamical creation of meaning as an association relationship between images, focusing on metaphor comprehension as an example. TINT models meaning creation as a type of stochastic process based on mathematical structure and defined by association relationships, such as morphisms in category theory, to represent the indeterminate nature of structure-structure interactions between the systems of image meanings. Such interactions are formulated in terms of the so-called coslice categories and functors as structure-preserving correspondences between them. The relationship between such functors is \"indeterminate natural transformation,\" the central notion in TINT, which models the creation of meanings in a precise manner. For instance, metaphor comprehension is modeled by the construction of indeterminate natural transformations from a canonically defined functor, which we call the base-of-metaphor functor.","PeriodicalId":42620,"journal":{"name":"Bio-Algorithms and Med-Systems","volume":"38 1","pages":"104213"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2020-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81347911","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Kinetic modelling of compartmentalised reaction networks","authors":"J. Hofmeyr","doi":"10.31219/osf.io/5as9h","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31219/osf.io/5as9h","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a comprehensive treatment of kinetic modelling of compartmentalised reaction networks in the context of systems biology. There is still a lot of confusion about how to go about constructing compartment models, and many published models are flawed with respect to how they handle compartmentation. The modelling framework described here answers two key questions: Which rate laws should be used to describe the rates of reactions in compartmentalised systems? How should these rate laws be incorporated in the ordinary differential equations (ODEs) that describe the dynamics of the compartmentalised system? The framework rests on the fundamental definition of reaction rate as the number of reaction events per time, which is related to the time derivative of mole amount of reactant or product, an extensive property that is directly proportional to the size of the compartment in which the reaction events occur. This means that the rates of reactions that occur in a 3-dimensional compartment are proportional to the volume of the compartment, while the rates of transfers over a 2-dimensional compartment boundary or interface between compartments are proportional to the area of the boundary. Transfer rates are often incorrectly scaled with a volume instead of an area, and the reasons why this is wrong are extensively discussed. I also show how 'textbook' rate equations, which I term canonical rate equations, should be modified for compartmental modelling and how they should be incorporated into either amount-change or concentration-change ODEs.","PeriodicalId":42620,"journal":{"name":"Bio-Algorithms and Med-Systems","volume":"44 1","pages":"104203"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2020-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79516777","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A proposed algorithm for analysing heart sounds and calculating their time intervals","authors":"A. Eesee, Hassan M. Qassim, Mothanna Sh. Aziz","doi":"10.1515/bams-2019-0057","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/bams-2019-0057","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Heart sounds play a crucial role in the clinical assessment of patients. Stethoscopes are used for detecting heart sounds and diagnosing potential abnormal conditions. However, several parameters of the cardiac sounds cannot be extracted by traditional stethoscopes. This paper presents a proposed algorithm based on peaks detection. Besides its ability of filtering the heart sounds signals, the time intervals of these sounds in addition to the heart rate were calculated by the proposed algorithm in an efficient way. Signals of the heart sounds from two sources were used to evaluate the efficiency of the algorithm. The first source was the data recorded from 14 participants, whereas the second source was the free data set sponsored by PASCAL. The algorithm showed different performance accuracy for detecting the main heart sounds based on the source of the data used in the study. The accuracy was 93.6% when using the data recorded from the first source, whereas it was 76.194% for the data of the second source.","PeriodicalId":42620,"journal":{"name":"Bio-Algorithms and Med-Systems","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2020-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1515/bams-2019-0057","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41558584","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A novel adaptive window based technique for T wave detection and delineation in the ECG","authors":"J. Rahul, Marpe Sora","doi":"10.1515/bams-2019-0064","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/bams-2019-0064","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The electrocardiogram (ECG) morphology determines the overall activity of the heart and is the most widely used tool in the diagnostic processes. T wave is a crucial wave component that reveals very useful information regarding various cardiac disorders. In this paper we have proposed a novel T wave detection technique based on adaptive window and simple decision rule. The proposed technique uses two-stage median filters followed by the Savitzky-Golay filter at the pre-processing stage to remove the noises in the ECG signal. The QRS complex is detected for locating the T wave as a reference in one ECG cycle. An R-R interval based window is considered for detecting the T wave, and decision logic depends on the iso-electric line value. The proposed technique is tested on the QT database and self-recorded dataset for its performance evaluation. In the present work, the results achieved for T wave detection sensitivity (Se), positive predictivity (+P), detection error rate (DER), and accuracy (Acc) on the QT database are Se = 97.57%, +P = 99.63%, DER = 2.78%, and Acc = 97.22% with an average time error of (3.468 ± 5.732) ms. The proposed technique shows Se = 99.94%, +P = 99.94%, DER = 0.01%, and Acc = 99.89% on the self-recorded dataset. The proposed technique is also capable of detecting both the upward and downward T wave efficiently in the ECG signal.","PeriodicalId":42620,"journal":{"name":"Bio-Algorithms and Med-Systems","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2020-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1515/bams-2019-0064","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42158572","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Suggesting teaching methods by analyzing the behavior of children with special needs","authors":"U. Shrawankar, Azra Shireen","doi":"10.1515/bams-2019-0038","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/bams-2019-0038","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The behavioral pattern of children with special needs depends on their emotional and developmental disability. Any abnormal and incorrect pattern of behavior which is below the level of development as the expected norm can be considered as “the challenging behavior.” For supporting children with behavioral problems, many interventions and strategies alone, or in combination, are used. Behavioral and developmental problems, if not treated well, in childhood, may cause a problem and have negative long-term and short-term effects on a child’s personal life, education, family, and professional life. Detailed knowledge about the child’s behavior is important to define the problem. Hence, the software contains the questionnaire pattern, which is divided into categories like parents, teachers, doctors, and friends. Child behavior checklist is used to define the questionnaire. Images and video analysis are used to detect the current emotion in the child. By analyzing the behavioral pattern and current emotion, the teaching method will be suggested.","PeriodicalId":42620,"journal":{"name":"Bio-Algorithms and Med-Systems","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2020-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1515/bams-2019-0038","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42249650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Serious games as an aid in the development of people with intellectual disabilities","authors":"A. Sochocka, J. Mirocha, Rafal Starypan","doi":"10.1515/bams-2019-0055","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/bams-2019-0055","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This article contains the description of a web application created in order to help children and adolescents with intellectual disabilities. The application gathers simple serious games that are supposed to be an addition to the daily therapy, widening and intensifying its results. The article starts with a quick review of already created serious games for people with the autism spectrum and the Down syndrome. Later, it focuses on formal and technical details of the chosen solution. The main part of the publication contains descriptions of the particular games created for the application. The article explains the rules of each game and depicts it with a screenshot from the application. Finally, the reader can find the results of the tests conducted with the help of the parents of pupils attending one of Cracow’s special needs school. The tests, during which the children were encouraged to use the web application in their homes, lasted for a little more than 3 weeks. The final section also contains opinions of the therapists with more than 20 years of experience.","PeriodicalId":42620,"journal":{"name":"Bio-Algorithms and Med-Systems","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2020-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1515/bams-2019-0055","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45910009","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}