Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical最新文献

{"title":"Acousto-viscoelastic droplet microfluidics enhancing single particle-in-droplet encapsulation unlimited by the Poisson distribution","authors":"Youngseo Cho ,&nbsp;Song-I. Han ,&nbsp;Arum Han ,&nbsp;Ok-Chan Jeong ,&nbsp;Min-Ho Lee ,&nbsp;SangWook Lee ,&nbsp;Younghak Cho","doi":"10.1016/j.snb.2025.138962","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.snb.2025.138962","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Droplet microfluidic technologies have enormous advantages for single cell-based multiparametric studies. The capability of single-cell encapsulation in a picoliter droplet with high efficiency (i.e. achieving the generation of droplets with negligible empty droplet rate) is a pivotal factor for addressing cellular heterogeneity, understanding fundamental biological processes, and advancing applications such as early diagnosis, drug screening and cell therapy. However, single-cell encapsulation efficiency is highly affected by the Poisson distribution, a discrete probability distribution, where empty droplets are generated with 57 % probability when aiming to produce droplets containing a single-cell. Thus, the generation of empty droplets becomes unavoidable, ultimately compromising accuracy, efficiency, and cost-effectiveness of cellular heterogeneity analysis. Here, we developed a droplet microfluidic system where particles or cells suspended in viscoelastic medium can be focused in the middle of microchannel and uniformly ordered using acoustophoresis, following by droplet generation, enabling single-particle or cell encapsulation with only 7 % empty droplet generation. The acousto-viscoelastic force-based system was evaluated using polystyrene (PS) particles, red blood cells (RBCs), and pancreatic cancer cells (PANC-02 cells), achieving single-particle/cell encapsulation efficiencies of 90 % for PS particles, 63 % for RBCs, and 79 % for PANC-02 cells. Taken together, Poisson distribution did not apply when particles or cells flowed through the microchannel in our system, enabling high-efficiency single-particle or single-cell encapsulation. The proposed system allows particle ordering in a wider range of flow conditions for the ordering of particles with similar size, compared to the inertial or viscoelastic force-based particle ordering systems. Moreover, this suggests that the developed system holds significant potential for broad applications in the field of single-cell analysis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":425,"journal":{"name":"Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical","volume":"448 ","pages":"Article 138962"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145261330","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A hyaluronidase detection platform combined with enzyme-responsive hydrogel and periodic magnetic-modulated electrochemical analysis system","authors":"Tong Liu ,&nbsp;Yelan Yao ,&nbsp;Shanshan Zhang ,&nbsp;Yitao Liang ,&nbsp;Yue Zhou ,&nbsp;Yunbo Gai ,&nbsp;Yu Cai ,&nbsp;Congcong Zhou ,&nbsp;Bin Zhang ,&nbsp;Yanzhong Wang ,&nbsp;Xuesong Ye ,&nbsp;Bo Liang","doi":"10.1016/j.snb.2025.138967","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.snb.2025.138967","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Frequent invasive cystoscopies are required for bladder cancer management due to high recurrence and progression rates, significantly affecting the quality of life for patients. Hyaluronidase is a promising urinary biomarker that could potentially reduce the reliance on cystoscopy; however, its clinical utility depends on highly sensitive and specific detection methods. A major challenge is the common presence of hematuria in bladder cancer patients, as red blood cells in urine substantially interfere with hyaluronidase assays. Here, we present a platform for quantifying urinary hyaluronidase activity that operates directly in urine without the need for sample pre-treatment. This platform employs a hyaluronic acid hydrogel capable of specifically recognizing hyaluronidase. Enzymatic degradation of the hydrogel releases embedded magnetic beads, effectively converting the enzyme activity into a quantifiable magnetic bead signal. These released magnetic beads are then determined using a developed periodic magnetic-modulated electrochemical analysis system. The platform achieves hyaluronidase activity detection in the range of 2–25 U/mL, with a limit of detection of 0.414 U/mL. The specificity of hyaluronic acid hydrogel degradation, combined with the magnetic separation of magnetic beads, effectively reduces interference from other urinary components. In addition, the periodic magnetic controlled strategy introduces frequency-domain analysis into electrochemical amperometric signal processing, thereby avoiding the interference of baseline drift. Importantly, the platform demonstrates robust performance in detecting hyaluronidase in artificial hematuria samples, underscoring its substantial potential for clinical application in non-invasive bladder cancer monitoring.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":425,"journal":{"name":"Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical","volume":"448 ","pages":"Article 138967"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145283438","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rapid, selective, and ultrasensitive detection of Cr(VI) in complex samples by a redox-mediated surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy method","authors":"Xinlan Wang ,&nbsp;Ri’an Fu ,&nbsp;Xiong Wu,&nbsp;Huasheng Lai","doi":"10.1016/j.snb.2025.138944","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.snb.2025.138944","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) often suffers from poor selectivity, sensitivity, and anti-interference capabilities in metallic ions detection. Herein, a redox-mediated SERS method is presented for on-site detecting Cr(VI) in complex samples with ultrahigh sensitivity (2.6 fmol/L), selectivity, and rapidity (within 5 min). 2-Mercaptoimidazole was selected as the SERS probe due to its strong SERS activity and the ability of its thiol group to reduce Cr(VI) to Cr(III). The redox reaction between Cr(VI) and the thiol group of 2-mercaptoimidazole under different conditions was investigated, including variations in pH, mixing ratio, temperature, and concentration. Remarkably, the reaction equilibrium was achieved within 1 min. Furthermore, the method exhibited high selectivity for Cr(VI) over other ions due to its strong oxidizing properties, and excellent anti-interference capabilities attributed to the robust sulfur-metal bond formation. The redox-mediated SERS method with ultrahigh sensitivity and a detection limit of 2.6 fmol/L, which is 12 orders of magnitude below the safety level (0.1 mg/L) set by United States Environmental Protection Agency for drinking water. Finally, the method was successfully applied to detect Cr(VI) residues in environmental water and traditional Chinese medicine drinking samples (Codonopsis pilosula and Astragalus membranaceus), achieving satisfactory recoveries (85.5–110 %) and low RSDs (0.1–4.2 %). This work not only advances the analytical performance for on-site detection of Cr(VI) residue but also offers a versatile tool with substantial implications for public safety monitoring and pharmaceutical quality control.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":425,"journal":{"name":"Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical","volume":"448 ","pages":"Article 138944"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145261329","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ZnO QDs sensitized bio-templated In2O3 microtubes for low temperature dependent selective detection of triethylamine and N-butanol","authors":"Yingying Deng,&nbsp;Degen Chen,&nbsp;Feng Wang,&nbsp;Weichao Li,&nbsp;Lifang He,&nbsp;Kui Zhang,&nbsp;Jian Zhang,&nbsp;Xiangfeng Chu","doi":"10.1016/j.snb.2025.138964","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.snb.2025.138964","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Dual-selective gas sensors are highly desirable for developing high-performance, miniaturized, and low-cost sensing devices. Herein, we report a bio-inspired dual-selective gas sensor based on ZnO quantum dot (ZnO QD)-sensitized bio-templated In₂O₃ microtubes (BIN) for low-temperature selective detection of n-butanol and triethylamine (TEA). BIN were synthesized by a facile impregnation and calcination process using waste rose stems as eco-friendly bio-templates, and sol-gel synthesized ZnO QDs were modified on it to obtain the hierarchical porous composites (BIN/ZQ). The composite with 15 wt% ZnO QDs (BIN/ZQ-0.15) exhibited significantly improved sensing properties, and it achieved high response values of 254 to 100 ppm TEA at 100℃ and 108 to 100 ppm n-butanol at 200℃, respectively, demonstrating a dual selectivity with their parts-per-billion (ppb) detection limits and good stability. The study on sensing behavior of the composite sensor to mixed TEA and n-butanol gas proved its ability to detect the concentration of individual gases in their mixture. The enhanced sensing performance was attributed to the synergistic effects of the In₂O₃/ZnO heterojunctions, abundant oxygen vacancies, hierarchical porous structure, combined with the preferential adsorption of TEA and n-butanol molecules on the composite surface, as revealed by density functional theory (DFT) calculations. Molecular dynamics combined with DFT simulations were further employed to study the reason for the dual selectivity of the composite at different temperatures for the first time. This work would inspire strategies for designing gas sensors with dual selectivity, low operational temperatures, and cost-effective fabrication.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":425,"journal":{"name":"Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical","volume":"448 ","pages":"Article 138964"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145261328","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Application of a TNTs/Ag nanoparticle-based SERS platform for rapid recognition of breast cancer cells","authors":"Chunling Xie,&nbsp;Jinmei Chen,&nbsp;Xiufeng Xiao","doi":"10.1016/j.snb.2025.138948","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.snb.2025.138948","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study addresses the limitations of traditional imaging methods—such as radiation exposure, insufficient sensitivity, and operational constraints—in early breast cancer diagnosis by developing a three-dimensional Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy (SERS) detection system based on TiO₂ nanotube arrays (TNTs) modified with Ag nanoparticles (Ag NPs). By optimizing anodization parameters (voltage, time, and electrolyte composition), TNTs with optimal tube diameter, spacing, and length were fabricated, facilitating a uniform deposition of Ag NPs and significantly enhancing the SERS signal. The TNTs/Ag substrate was then applied to detect breast cancer cells (MDA-MB-231, MCF-7) and normal breast cells (MCF-10A). With the aid of machine learning models—including Principal Component Analysis (PCA), Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA), Decision Trees (DT), Random Forests (RF), K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN), and Logistic Regression (LR)—the system achieved a 100 % accurate classification of cell types. This method, characterized by easy synthesis, low cost, and direct cellular-level recognition, offers a promising approach for the early diagnosis of breast cancer.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":425,"journal":{"name":"Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical","volume":"448 ","pages":"Article 138948"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145283437","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"3D CuO/NiCo/Ag hierarchical SERS nanostructures for direct detection of trace perfluorooctanoic acid","authors":"Maosen Yang ,&nbsp;Yunhai Zhang ,&nbsp;Jing Yu ,&nbsp;Yang Jiao","doi":"10.1016/j.snb.2025.138934","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.snb.2025.138934","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), a ubiquitous emerging contaminant in global aquatic environments, poses significant challenges for Raman spectroscopic detection due to its inherent molecular properties, including high toxicity and extreme persistence. To address this limitation, we engineered a three-dimensional hierarchical nanostructure based on CuO nanowire (NW)/layered double hydroxide (LDH)/silver (Ag) as a surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) substrate. Within this architecture, electrostatic interactions between the LDH component and PFOA molecules significantly enhance the efficient adsorption of the target analyte. Concurrently, the uniform distribution of Ag nanoparticles ( NPs) across the substrate surface generates intense localized plasmonic hotspots under light-trapping effect, which is crucial for Raman signal amplification. Consequently, this substrate enables the direct detection of trace PFOA across a wide dynamic range (10⁻² to 10⁻⁹ M). This capability facilitates the effective and direct identification of PFOA molecules without requiring complex pretreatment or indirect labeling procedures. These results demonstrate the substantial potential of the CuO NW/LDH/Ag structure for highly sensitive, direct SERS-based monitoring of organic pollutants such as PFOA.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":425,"journal":{"name":"Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical","volume":"448 ","pages":"Article 138934"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145255187","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"AuNCs@Ce-MOFs/CdTe@SiO₂: Preparation and application of a novel ratiometric fluorescent composite for the detection of Hg²+","authors":"Libo Li ,&nbsp;Li Zhang ,&nbsp;Siqi Zhang ,&nbsp;Zixiang Liao ,&nbsp;Xiaoya Bi ,&nbsp;Dong Liu ,&nbsp;Tianyan You","doi":"10.1016/j.snb.2025.138941","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.snb.2025.138941","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The development of a sensitive and accurate method for detecting Hg²⁺ is essential to ensuring the safety of the water environment and protecting human health. Although fluorescence sensing methods based on gold nanoclusters (AuNCs) can selectively detect Hg²⁺ via specific Au-Hg recognition, their sensitivity and accuracy require enhancement due to the low luminescence efficiency of AuNCs and the susceptibility of single-method detection to environmental interference. Herein, AuNCs were encapsulated within the pores of cerium metal-organic frameworks (Ce-MOFs) featuring a large pore size and porous architecture via a one-step in-situ self-assembly approach, yielding a AuNCs@Ce-MOFs composite that exhibited superior luminescence performances and enhanced stability. Studies have unequivocally demonstrated that the remarkable luminescence properties of AuNCs@Ce-MOFs are primarily ascribed to two pivotal mechanisms: the restriction of intramolecular motion (RIM) effect, which arises from the coordination between the AuNCs surface ligand 6-aza-2-thiothymine and the cerium ions within Ce-MOFs, and the intrinsic aggregation-induced emission (AIE) effect characteristic of AuNCs. On this basis, in conjunction with a secondary fluorescent probe, namely CdTe@SiO₂, where the SiO₂ coating serves to suppress the photoinduced electron transfer process between CdTe quantum dots (QDs) and AuNCs@Ce-MOFs, a reference-type ratiometric fluorescence sensing platform that enables sensitive, selective, and accurate detection of Hg²⁺ in water was developed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":425,"journal":{"name":"Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical","volume":"448 ","pages":"Article 138941"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145261332","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A novel ratiometric molecularly imprinted electrochemical sensor based on Ag and ionic liquid co-functionalized MXene for highly sensitive and selective detection of patulin","authors":"Tao Liao ,&nbsp;Dan Hou ,&nbsp;Hao Huang ,&nbsp;María Belén Camarada ,&nbsp;Xiaoning Liao","doi":"10.1016/j.snb.2025.138943","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.snb.2025.138943","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Herein, a novel ratiometric molecularly imprinted electrochemical sensor (MIP-RECS) based on Ag nanoparticles (AgNPs) and ionic liquid (IL) co-modified Ti₂NTx (AgNPs@Ti₂NT_x@IL) was developed for the determination of patulin (PAT). Firstly, the AgNPs@Ti₂NT_x@IL nanocomposite, was prepared by an in situ reduction and self-assembled method, and then, was cast on the glassy carbon electrode (GCE) to build an electrochemical interface with excellent conductivity and high surface area. After that, the MIP was deposited on the nanocomposite modified GCE by the electro-polymerization technique, with thionine (Thi) and PAT as functional monomer and template molecules. In the sensing platform, the oxidation peaks generated by Thi and AgNPs were used as reference and probe signal, respectively. The introduction of reference effectively eliminates the influence of the matrix effect. At the same time, the oxidation signal of the Ag probe is greatly improved by the high conductivity and large surface area of the AgNPs@Ti₂NT_x@IL nanocomposite. Therefore, the MIP-RECS presented a wide linear range, a very low low limit of detection (LOD), together with high selectivity and excellent repeatability. Additionally, the linearity ranges and LODs of the sensor can be controlled by the amount of Ag, highlighting its robustness in different types of real samples. Furthermore, this sensing model can be used to sensitively detect other residues with poor redox activity, such as imidacloprid and catechol, highlighting its versatility and universality.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":425,"journal":{"name":"Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical","volume":"448 ","pages":"Article 138943"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145255180","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ultrasensitive carbon dot nanofluorescent probe for rapid imaging of ethylene dynamic changes in plants under abiotic stress exploiting aggregation-induced emission enhancement","authors":"Wei Wang ,&nbsp;Ping Zhang,&nbsp;Xiao-Feng Guo ,&nbsp;Hong Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.snb.2025.138942","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.snb.2025.138942","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Developing sensitive and reliable methods for the rapid, in situ detection of trace ethylene signals released by plants under abiotic stress is crucial for deciphering their complex stress-regulatory networks. However, this has remained a persistent bottleneck in plant stress physiology due to ethylene’s extremely low physiological concentrations, high spatiotemporal heterogeneity, and the lack of ultrasensitive detection tools. Herein, we report an intelligent “turn-on” fluorescent carbon dot (CD) nanoprobe (NE-CDs) constructed from 1-vinylnaphthalene and a Grubbs catalyst precursor. Through an aggregation-induced emission enhancement (AIEE) mechanism triggered by specific ethylene recognition, the NE-CDs achieve an ultrasensitive response to ethylene with a limit of detection (LOD) as low as 0.036 ppm. This represents an order-of-magnitude improvement in sensitivity compared to existing nanoprobes, enabling the precise capture of previously undetectable early or faint fluctuations in ethylene signals. Importantly, the NE-CDs were successfully applied for rapid detection, dynamic imaging and monitoring of endogenous ethylene release patterns in Arabidopsis thaliana leaves under salt and drought stress. This work not only provides a novel nanoprobe with superior performance for trace ethylene detection but, more significantly, paves a new avenue for the rapid analysis of the spatiotemporal dynamics of ethylene signaling under complex abiotic stresses and its precise regulatory mechanisms in stress adaptation. It demonstrates immense potential for advancing research into plant stress resistance mechanisms, guiding crop breeding for stress tolerance, and developing precision agriculture technologies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":425,"journal":{"name":"Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical","volume":"448 ","pages":"Article 138942"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145255178","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multifunctional single-hairpin mediated enzyme-cascade quadruple enrichment system coupled with CRISPR/Cas12a for ultrasensitive hantavirus detection","authors":"Ziyi Wang ,&nbsp;Jun Xu ,&nbsp;Songbai Zhang ,&nbsp;Shiwen Liu ,&nbsp;Suqin Wang ,&nbsp;Hongbo Li ,&nbsp;Ruqin Yu","doi":"10.1016/j.snb.2025.138946","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.snb.2025.138946","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Hantavirus (HV) is widely distributed worldwide. It causes hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) and hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome (HCPS), which has a mortality rate of up to 15 % and 40 %. In this work, a single hairpin-based enzyme-cascade quadruple enrichment (SH-ECE) system coupled with CRISPR/ cas12a was designed as a sensing platform for the detection of a Orthohantavirus dabieshanense (DBSV). With the assistance of two enzymes, the SH-ECE system can be constructed by using only one hairpin probe (HP). When the target gene is present, the SH-ECE system will be activated, and four different cyclic reactions will occur sequentially. These reactions proceed continuously, realizing quadruple amplification and outputting a large number of mimic target DNA and functional strands, which will participate in the subsequent reactions. Impressively, the introduction of CRISPR/ cas12a technology further amplifies the signal while enhancing the specificity and sensitivity of the sensing platform, even enabling the discrimination of RNA with single-, double-, and triple-base mutations. The sensing platform can detect DBSV with a LOD of 16.7 fM (S/N = 3) for linearity spanning from 50 fM to 50 nM. The applicability of this method was validated using both human serum specimens and rodent serum samples. Based on this, the research on this sensing method can be widely applied to guide and facilitate the further development of CRISPR/Cas and SH-ECE system-based assays.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":425,"journal":{"name":"Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical","volume":"448 ","pages":"Article 138946"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145255179","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}