Central Asian Journal of Global Health最新文献

{"title":"Hysterectomy Pathway as the Global Engine of Practice Change: Implications for Value in Care.","authors":"Amin Sanei-Moghaddam,&nbsp;Sharon Goughnour,&nbsp;Robert Edwards,&nbsp;John Comerci,&nbsp;Joseph Kelley,&nbsp;Nicole Donnellan,&nbsp;Faina Linkov,&nbsp;Suketu Mansuria","doi":"10.5195/cajgh.2017.299","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5195/cajgh.2017.299","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>In 2012, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center (UPMC) introduced a hysterectomy clinical pathway to reduce the number of total abdominal hysterectomies performed for benign gynecological indications. This study focused on exploring physician and patient factors impacting the utilization of hysterectomy clinical pathways.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>An online survey with 24 questions was implemented to explore physicians' attitudes and perceived barriers toward implementing the pathway. A survey consisting of 27 questions was developed for patients to determine the utility of a pathway-based educational tool for making surgery decisions and to measure satisfaction with the information provided. Descriptive statistics were used to describe survey results, while thematic analysis was performed on verbal feedback submitted by respondents.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Physician respondents found the clinical pathway to be practical, beneficial to patients, and up-to-date with the latest evidence-based literature. Key barriers to the use of the pathway that were identified by physicians included perceived waste of time, inappropriateness for some of the patient groups, improper incentive structure, and excessive bureaucracy surrounding the process. Overall, patient respondents were satisfied with the tool and found it to be helpful with the decision-making process of choosing a hysterectomy route.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Physicians and patients found the developed tools to be practical and beneficial. Findings of this study will help to use pathways as a unifying framework to shape future care of patients needing hysterectomy and add value to their care.</p>","PeriodicalId":42537,"journal":{"name":"Central Asian Journal of Global Health","volume":"6 1","pages":"299"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5675396/pdf/cajgh-06-299.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"35553375","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diabetes Mellitus Among Adults in Herat, Afghanistan: A Cross-Sectional Study.","authors":"Khwaja Mir Islam Saeed","doi":"10.5195/cajgh.2017.271","DOIUrl":"10.5195/cajgh.2017.271","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Diabetes is reaching epidemic levels in Afghanistan. This study identifies the risk factors associated with diabetes in Herat City, Afghanistan, and explores the prevalence of previously undiagnosed diabetes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional study was conducted using multistage cluster sampling by adopting the World Health Organization's (WHO) STEPwise approach to Surveillance (STEPS). We enrolled 1129 participants aged 25-70 years between May and June of 2015 (47.4% males, 52.6% females). A structured questionnaire was used for data collection of demographic, socioeconomic, and behavioral factors. Investigators collected anthropometric measurements and blood samples from study participants. A multivariable logistic regression model was used to identify factors associated with diabetes prevalence.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We found that the prevalence of diabetes in Herat City was 9.9% (9.8% in males and 10.1% in females). Of the 1129 respondents, only 3.3% were previously diagnosed with diabetes or were under treatment, whereas 6.6% of respondents were previously undiagnosed. The multivariable analyses showed that age, frequency of rice consumption, type of cooking oil, and systolic blood pressure were associated with diabetes.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This is one of the first studies to discuss the high prevalence of undiagnosed diabetes in Herat, Afghanistan. This study found several modifiable factors that were associated with diabetes in Herat, Afghanistan. Future reduction of disease burden should focus on these factors in the development of the most optimal diabetes prevention programs.</p>","PeriodicalId":42537,"journal":{"name":"Central Asian Journal of Global Health","volume":"6 1","pages":"271"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5675391/pdf/cajgh-06-271.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"35607933","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Local Health Care System of the Province of Ilocos Sur","authors":"D. Savella","doi":"10.7828/ajoh.v8i1.1295","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7828/ajoh.v8i1.1295","url":null,"abstract":"Health is fundamental to life. It is in this premise that efforts are being undertaken to improve the health system of every country. The focus of the study was on the different components of the Local Health Care System and the quality of health services of selected Rural Health Units and District Hospitals in the Philippines. The study revealed that the Administrative Capability along leadership and good governance is “moderate”. Along the capability of health personnel in terms of ratio to total population, only two municipalities have the ideal number of doctors and nurses while only five municipalities have an ideal number of midwives. There is also a shortage of human resources for health, particularly doctors, in almost all the district hospitals. However, the limited number of nurses and midwives is compensated by the presence of contractual and volunteer nurses and midwives. In general, the clients expressed their satisfaction on the services provided. Suggestions were made largely on availability of free medicines, laboratory services, reduction of waiting time and improvement of facilities. Efforts should be undertaken to ensure that programs and policies are implemented and objectives are reached through improved coordination across local health systems. Keywords: Health Care System, Rural Health Units, District Hospitals, Capability, Services","PeriodicalId":42537,"journal":{"name":"Central Asian Journal of Global Health","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83211107","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spatial Distribution and Trends of Waterborne Diseases in Tashkent Province.","authors":"Veluswami Saravanan Subramanian,&nbsp;Min Jung Cho,&nbsp;Siwei Zoe Tan,&nbsp;Dilorom Fayzieva,&nbsp;Christian Sebaly","doi":"10.5195/cajgh.2017.277","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5195/cajgh.2017.277","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The cumulative effect of limited investment in public water systems, inadequate public health infrastructure, and gaps in infectious disease prevention increased the incidence of waterborne diseases in Uzbekistan. The objectives of this study were: (1) to spatially analyze the distribution of the diseases in Tashkent Province, (2) to identify the intensity of spatial trends in the province, (3) to identify urban-rural characteristics of the disease distribution, and (4) to identify the differences in disease incidence between pediatric and adult populations of the province.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data on four major waterborne diseases and socio-demographics factors were collected in Tashkent Province from 2011 to 2014. Descriptive epidemiological methods and spatial-temporal methods were used to investigate the distribution and trends, and to identify waterborne diseases hotspots and vulnerable population groups in the province.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Hepatitis A and enterobiasis had a high incidence in most of Tashkent Province, with higher incidences in the eastern and western districts. Residents of rural areas, including children, were found to be more vulnerable to the waterborne diseases compared to other populations living in the province.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This pilot study calls for more scientific investigations of waterborne diseases and their effect on public health in the region, which could facilitate targeted public health interventions in vulnerable regions of Uzbekistan.</p>","PeriodicalId":42537,"journal":{"name":"Central Asian Journal of Global Health","volume":"6 1","pages":"277"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.5195/cajgh.2017.277","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"35607934","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Euclid Statistical Matrix Tool.","authors":"Curtis Tilves, Saeed Yekaninejad, Tetsuro Hayashi, Eman Eltahlawy, Eugene Shubnikov, Shalkar Adambekov","doi":"10.5195/cajgh.2017.283","DOIUrl":"10.5195/cajgh.2017.283","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":42537,"journal":{"name":"Central Asian Journal of Global Health","volume":"6 1","pages":"283"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5675393/pdf/cajgh-06-283.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"35607935","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Social Determinants of Maternal Health in Afghanistan: A Review.","authors":"Said Ahmad Maisam Najafizada, Ivy Lynn Bourgeault, Ronald Labonté","doi":"10.5195/cajgh.2017.240","DOIUrl":"10.5195/cajgh.2017.240","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Afghanistan has a high maternal mortality rate of 400 per 100,000 live births. Although direct causes of maternal morbidity and mortality in Afghanistan include hemorrhage, obstructed labor, infection, high blood pressure, and unsafe abortion, the high burden of diseases responsible for maternal mortality arises in large part due to social determinants of health. The focus of this literature review is to examine the impact of various social determinants of health on maternal health in Afghanistan, filling an important gap in the existing literature.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This narrative review was conducted using Arksey and O'Malley's framework of (1) defining the question, (2) searching the literature, (3) assessing the studies, (4) synthesizing selected evidence in context, and (5) summarizing potential programmatic implication of the context. We searched Medline, CABI global health database, and Google Scholar for relevant publications.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 38 articles/reports were included in this review. We found that social determinants such as maternal education, sociocultural practices, and social infrastructure have a significant impact on maternal health. Health care may be the immediate determinant, but it is influenced by other determinants that must be addressed in order to alleviate the burden on health care, as well as to achieve long-term reduction in maternal mortality.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Because of the importance of social factors for maternal health outcomes, committed involvement of multiple government sectors (i.e. education, labor and social affairs, information and culture, transport and rural development among others, alongside health care) is the long-term solution to the maternal health problems in Afghanistan. National and international organizations' long-term commitment to social investment such as education, local economy, cultural change, and social infrastructure is recommended for Afghanstan and globally.</p>","PeriodicalId":42537,"journal":{"name":"Central Asian Journal of Global Health","volume":"6 1","pages":"240"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.5195/cajgh.2017.240","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"35607931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Knowledge, Attitude, Beliefs and Practices on HIV/Aids among Men Having Sex with Men","authors":"Crisfe O. Banzon, Marianne Camille S. Daaca, R. Dongallo, Maricel M. Natindim, Julius Debb Mikell P. Suazo","doi":"10.7828/AJOH.V6I1.933","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7828/AJOH.V6I1.933","url":null,"abstract":"The study investigated the extent of knowledge, attitude, beliefs, and practices regarding HIV/AIDS among men having sex with men. It focused on the following: (1) the profile of the respondents in terms of age, marital status, educational level, and employment status, (2) the extent of knowledge, attitudes, and beliefs regarding HIV/AIDS among men having sex with men, (3) the common sexual practices used by men having sex with men in regards to HIV/AIDS; and (4) the significant difference of the knowledge, attitudes, beliefs and sexual practices of men having sex with men regarding HIV/AIDS when grouped according profile. In answering these problems, the researchers used the descriptive research design. The analysis yielded the following results: (1) Most of the respondents belong to adolescent years, mostly single, obtained higher education, and unemployed. (2) The respondents had sufficient knowledge on the mode of transmission but had insufficient knowledge about the disease process. The respondents show a positive attitude to those people living with HIV/AIDS by not discriminating them. The respondents show a positive beliefs regarding HIV/AIDS by believing that multiple sex partner is one of the risk factors for developing HIV/AIDS and kissing is not a factor for transmission of the virus. However, they have a misconception that if they have a strong faith in God, they will not be infected by the virus. (3) The respondents had good sexual practices with regards to HIV/AIDS as they used condoms to protect themselves against the virus and never engage with multiple sex partners. (4) There is no significant difference on the respondents' knowledge, attitudes, and beliefs when grouped according to age, marital status, educational level, and, employment status. There is a significant difference in the respondents' practices when grouped according to age but significantly do not differ when grouped according to marital status, educational level, and employment status. In conclusion, the respondents are knowledgeable to the mode of transmission but have insufficient knowledge to the disease process. Keywords : Men having Sex with Men, HIV/AIDS, Extent of Knowledge, Attitudes, Beliefs, and Practices","PeriodicalId":42537,"journal":{"name":"Central Asian Journal of Global Health","volume":"49 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73541765","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pain Management Practices and their Effects to Stress and Workplace Situation Among Nurses in Private Hospitals","authors":"Josephine Manalo-Rey","doi":"10.7828/AJOH.V6I1.927","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7828/AJOH.V6I1.927","url":null,"abstract":"This research assessed the pain management capabilities in terms of knowledge, attitude and skills and their effects to stress in terms of physical, sleep, behavioral and emotional indicators and workplace situation in terms of punctuality, politeness and productivity and efficiency among nurses in the private hospitals in Iligan City. It aimed to provide hospital administrators basis for improving existing policy in pain management practices and nurses to give way to a better workplace situation. Descriptive design was utilized with Pearson correlation and multiple linear regression for data analysis to determine whether pain management capabilities has effects to stress and workplace situation among nurses. The findings showed that nurses have low knowledge and attitude but possessed excellent skills on pain management. There is no significant relationship between pain management capabilities in terms of knowledge and attitude and workplace situation but the there is a significant relationship between pain management capabilities in terms of skills and workplace situation in terms of punctuality and productivity/efficiency, except for politeness. There is also no significant relationship between pain management in terms of knowledge and attitude to stress indicator. Keywords : Pain management, stress, workplace situation, nurses","PeriodicalId":42537,"journal":{"name":"Central Asian Journal of Global Health","volume":"56 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78886266","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antimicrobial Activity of Crescentia Cujete","authors":"Marilou O. Honculada, Michelle T. Mabasa","doi":"10.7828/AJOH.V6I1.929","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7828/AJOH.V6I1.929","url":null,"abstract":"The Philippines is known for being an agricultural country with different varieties of plants that have medicinal potential. This study focused on the antimicrobial potential of the fruit of Crescentia cujete or Calabash tree against common infections Staphylococcus aureus, a gram-positive bacteria, and Escherichia coli which is a gram-negative bacterium. Fruit extracts were obtained by maceration with ethanol for 24 hours at room temperature. The experimental research design was used through disc diffusion method. Findings of this study, however, revealed no antibacterial effect of the fruit extract against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. Keywords: Crescentia cujete , antimicrobial, Staphylococcus aureus , Escherichia coli","PeriodicalId":42537,"journal":{"name":"Central Asian Journal of Global Health","volume":"43 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73769275","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Learning Approaches in Gross Anatomy among Physical Therapy Students: A Comparative Study","authors":"Dick Herly R. Carskit, Denise O. Orong","doi":"10.7828/AJOH.V6I1.928","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7828/AJOH.V6I1.928","url":null,"abstract":"Anatomy is a foundation subject in the health professions curriculum. Learning human anatomy is an integral component of physical therapy education and professional practice. The physical therapy curriculum in the Philippines requires dissection of the human cadaver as the primary mode of instruction during laboratory sessions. With the advancement of technology, human anatomical models, and video presentations are now readily available for the students to use. However, consensus regarding the best learning approach to anatomy remains obscure, and the prerogative of availing all these resources in anatomy will impact on the school as well as on the students. This study aimed to compare the learning approaches in gross anatomy among physical therapy students. It utilized a comparative experimental method among 40 third year physical therapy students. Four (4) sets of 50 points labeling items administered immediately after every session serve as their post-tests. It is concluded that physical therapy students can learn knowledge in gross anatomy regardless of learning approach employed. Using textbook approach for independent study is comparable to the use of alternative learning approaches such as using cadaver dissection, video presentation, and anatomical model when students learn gross anatomy. Gaining knowledge in gross anatomy will be enhanced when textbook approach is combined with either video presentation or anatomical model approach. However, the use of human cadaver dissection does not compliment with textbook approach to enhance learning gross anatomy. Keywords : learning approaches, gross anatomy, physical therapy, dissection, textbook approach, video presentation, anatomical model.","PeriodicalId":42537,"journal":{"name":"Central Asian Journal of Global Health","volume":"186 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72709835","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}