Central Asian Journal of Global Health最新文献

{"title":"Association Between the P2RY12 Receptor Gene Polymorphism and Aspirin Resistance in Patients with Coronary Artery Disease.","authors":"Ludmila Karazhanova,&nbsp;Sholpan Zhukusheva,&nbsp;Ainur Akilzhanova","doi":"10.5195/cajgh.2014.160","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5195/cajgh.2014.160","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Platelet activation and aggregation are key elements in the development of coronary atherosclerosis. Recent studies have shown that the two polymorphisms of platelet ADP receptor P2RY12 (haplotypes H2 and 34T) are associated with increased platelet aggregation and atherothrombotic risk. It was shown that these polymorphisms promote reduced body response to antiplatelet therapy.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>We investigated the association of P2RY12 gene polymorphisms with aspirin resistance in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This case-control study included 100 cases with CAD (mean age 57.6 ± 2.8 years) treated in the cardiology department of the city hospital Semey, Kazakhstan, 90 of whom suffered from myocardial infarction. The control group (n = 100) were healthy people without a history of CAD, matched on sex and age. Genotyping of polymorphisms H1/H2 in P2RY12 gene was performed by PCR. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS v.19.0.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The distribution of H1/H2 genotypes P2RY12 was 42%, 34%, and 24%, respectively, in cases and 42%, 58%, and 0%, respectively, in controls. All allele frequencies were consistent with the Hardy Weinberg equilibrium (<i>p</i> = 0.0036 and <i>p</i> = 0.0001 in cases and controls, respectively). Genotype H2 was associated with risk of CAD with aspirin resistance (co-dominant model: OR = 3.75, 95% CI 0.14 - 99.88, <i>p</i> = 0.05 and dominant model: OR = 2.78, 95% CI 0.11 - 70.93, <i>p</i> = 0.05). We found significant differences in the distribution of the mutant genotype H2 between CAD patients with aspirin resistance and healthy controls (χ2 = 30.3, <i>p</i> < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>We found an association of H2 haplotype in P2RY12 gene with aspirin resistance in patients with CAD. However, in order to obtain definitive conclusions about the role of genetic variants with the development of aspirin resistance in patients with CAD, there is a need for further research with a larger sample size as well as the use of selective thromboxane receptor antagonists for studying functional effects of genetic variants.</p>","PeriodicalId":42537,"journal":{"name":"Central Asian Journal of Global Health","volume":"3 Suppl","pages":"160"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5960928/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36136063","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Polyphenol Concentrate from Kazakhstan Cabernet Sauvignon Collection of Grapes.","authors":"Zarina Shulgau,&nbsp;Vladislav Tritek,&nbsp;Alexander Gulyaev,&nbsp;Gulsim Adilgozhina,&nbsp;Talgat Nurgozhin","doi":"10.5195/cajgh.2014.174","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5195/cajgh.2014.174","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Nowadays, most of the research in the field of gerontology is focused on the effects of the grape polyphenols. In particular, resveratrol has been shown to increase life expectancy of various living organisms, including mammals. Resveratrol also plays an important role in cancer prevention and decreases the risk of developing cardiovascular disease. In our research, we proposed the development of the therapeutic product from Cabernet Sauvignon grapes that would exhibit the beneficial properties of polyphenols. Standard operating procedures were developed in our laboratories to collect alcohol free concentrate of polyphenols from the Kazakhstan Cabernet Sauvignon collection of grapes. The purpose of the study was to investigate the composition, biological safety, and potential therapeutic effects of the polyphenol concentrate.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The total polyphenol amount was determined using the Enology Analyzer Y15 (BioSystems, Spain). HPLC analysis of the polyphenol composition was performed using Agilent 1290 chromatograph. The polyphenol concentrate was analyzed for the microbiological purity and the presence of the toxic elements. The cytoprotective effect of the polyphenol concentrate was studied in experimental models of diabetes, toxic hepatitis, doxorubicin cardiomyopathy, and acute radiation sickness.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The total polyphenol amount in one sample was 12,819 mg/l. Polyphenol composition analysis showed presence of the following polyphenols: catechin, epicatechin, gallic acid, quercetin, miricetin, 3-glucosylkaempferol, epicatechin gallate, 3-(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)-2-propenoic acid, catechin gallate, pitseid, kaempferol, n-hydroxy-cinnamic acid, resveratrol and chlorogenic acid. The concentrate was proven to be biologically safe and acceptable for use as a dietary supplement. The polyphenol concentrate demonstrated high antioxidant activity against ABTS and DPPH radicals in vitro. It also showed the following impacts on the various experimental models in vivo: reduction of sugar levels in diabetes; regeneration of the structure and function of the heart tissue in cardiomyopathy; regeneration of the nephron structure and function in nephropathy; regeneration of liver in toxic hepatitis; recovery of the antioxidant status in oxidative stress; and recovery of the hematopoiesis in acute radiation sickness.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The polyphenol concentrate from Kazakhstan Cabernet Sauvignon collection of grapes was proved to be biologically safe and acceptable for use as a dietary supplement. The concentrate showed high antioxidant, antiradiation activity, and regenerative effect in diabetes, cardiomyopathy, nephropathy, and hepatitis in the corresponding organs.</p>","PeriodicalId":42537,"journal":{"name":"Central Asian Journal of Global Health","volume":"3 Suppl","pages":"174"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.5195/cajgh.2014.174","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36136401","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genetic Diversity of IFγ, IL1β, TLR2, and TLR8 Loci in Pulmonary Tuberculosis in Kazakhstan.","authors":"Dauren Yerezhepov,&nbsp;Axat Zhabagin,&nbsp;Ayken Askapuli,&nbsp;Saule Rakhimova,&nbsp;Zhannur Nurkina,&nbsp;Aliya Abilmazhinova,&nbsp;Alma Akhmetova,&nbsp;Askhat Molkenov,&nbsp;Ulykbek Kairov,&nbsp;Ainur Akilzhanova","doi":"10.5195/cajgh.2014.181","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5195/cajgh.2014.181","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Tuberculosis (TB) is caused by bacterium <i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i> (MTB), and according to the WHO, up to 30% of world population is infected with latent TB. Pathogenesis of TB is multifactorial, and its development depends on environmental, social, microbial, and genetic factors of both the bacterium and the host. The number of TB cases in Kazakhstan has decreased in the past decade, but multidrug-resistant (MDR) TB cases are dramatically increasing. Polymorphisms in genes responsible for immune response have been associated with TB susceptibility. The objective of this study was to investigate the risk of developing pulmonary TB (PTB) associated with polymorphisms in several inflammatory pathway genes among Kazakhstani population.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>703 participants from 3 regions of Kazakhstan were recruited for a case-control study. 251 participants had pulmonary TB (PTB), and 452 were healthy controls (HC). Males and females represented 42.39% and 57.61%, respectively. Of all participants, 67.4% were Kazakhs, 22.8% Russians, 3.4% Ukrainians, and 6.4% were of other origins. Clinical and epidemiological data were collected from medical records, interviews, and questionnaires. DNA samples were genotyped using TaqMan assay on 4 polymorphisms: IFNγ (rs2430561) and IL1β (rs16944), TLR2 (rs5743708) and TLR8 (rs3764880). Statistical data was analyzed using SPSS 19.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Genotyping by IFγ, IL1β, TLR2 showed no significant association with PTB susceptibility (<i>p</i> > 0.05). TLR8 genotype A/G was significantly higher in females (F/M - 41.5%/1.3%) and G/G in males (M/F - 49%/20.7%) (χ2=161.43, <i>p</i> < 0.001). A significantly increased risk of PTB development was observed for TLR A/G with an adjusted OR of 1.48 (95%, CI: 0.96 - 2.28), and a protective feature was revealed for TLR8 G/G genotype (OR: 0.81, 95%, CI: 0.56 - 1.16, <i>p</i> = 0.024). Additional grouping by gender revealed that TLR8 G/G contributes as protective genotype (OR: 1.83, 95%, CI: 1.18 - 2.83, <i>p</i> = 0.036) in males of the control group.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Results indicate that heterozygous genotype A/G of TLR8 increases the risk of PTB development, while G/G genotype may serve as protection mechanism. A/A genotype is strongly associated with susceptibility to PTB. To clarify the role of other polymorphisms in susceptibility to PTB in Kazakhstani population, further investigations are needed.</p>","PeriodicalId":42537,"journal":{"name":"Central Asian Journal of Global Health","volume":"3 Suppl","pages":"181"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5960949/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36136408","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pre-clinical Evaluation of an Adult Extracoproreal Carbon Dioxide Removal System for Pediatric Application.","authors":"Yerbol Mussin,&nbsp;Richard Jeffries,&nbsp;Denis Bulanin,&nbsp;Zhaksybay Zhumadilov,&nbsp;Farkhad Olzhayev,&nbsp;William Federspiel","doi":"10.5195/cajgh.2014.167","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5195/cajgh.2014.167","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Adult extracorporeal carbon dioxide removal (ECCO2R) systems and pediatric ECMO share the common objectives of having a low blood flow rate and low priming volume while safely maintaining sufficient respiratory support. The Hemolung is a highly simplified adult ECCO2R system intended for partial respiratory support in adult patients with acute hypercapnic respiratory failure. The objective of this work was to conduct pre-clinical feasibility studies to determine if a highly efficient, active-mixing, adult ECCO2R system can safely be translated to the pediatric population.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>14 healthy nonsedated juvenile sheep were used for acute (2 animals) and 7-day chronic (12 animals) in-vivo studies to evaluate treatment safety independently of respiratory related injuries. In all evaluations, we hypothesized that gas exchange capabilities of the Hemolung RAS in this model would be equivalent to the adult configuration performance at similar blood flows - minimum CO2 removal of 50 mL/min at a venous partial pressure of CO2 equal to 45 mmHg. Target blood flow rates were set to a minimum of 280 mL/min. Swan Ganz catheters were used under general anesthesia in the two acute subjects to evaluate blood gas status in the pulmonary artery.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The Hemolung RAS was found to have adequate gas exchange and pumping capabilities for full respiratory support for subjects weighing 3 - 25 kg. The Hemolung device was estimated to provide a partial respiratory support for subjects weighing 27 - 34 kg. The seven-day studies in juvenile sheep demonstrated that veno-venous extracorporeal support could be provided safely at low flows with no significant adverse reactions related to device operation.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The study outcomes suggest the potential use of the Hemolung RAS in a veno-venous pediatric configuration to safely provide respiratory support utilizing a significantly less complex system than traditional pediatric ECMO.</p>","PeriodicalId":42537,"journal":{"name":"Central Asian Journal of Global Health","volume":"3 Suppl","pages":"167"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.5195/cajgh.2014.167","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36135519","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Heart and Lungs Protection Technique for Cardiac Surgery with Cardiopulmonary Bypass.","authors":"Vladimir Pichugin,&nbsp;Nikolay Melnikov,&nbsp;Farkhad Olzhayev,&nbsp;Alexander Medvedev,&nbsp;Sergey Jourko,&nbsp;Alishir Gamzaev,&nbsp;Vladimir Chiginev","doi":"10.5195/cajgh.2014.169","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5195/cajgh.2014.169","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Cardioplegic cardiac arrest with subsequent ischemic-reperfusion injuries can lead to the development of inflammation of the myocardium, leucocyte activation, and release of cardiac enzymes. Flow reduction to the bronchial arteries, causing low-flow lung ischemia, leads to the development of a pulmonary regional inflammatory response. Hypoventilation during cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) is responsible for development of microatelectasis, hydrostatic pulmonary edema, poor compliance, and a higher incidence of infection. Based on these facts, prevention methods of these complications were developed. The aim of this study was to evaluate constant coronary perfusion (CCP) and the \"beating heart\" in combination with pulmonary artery perfusion (PAP) and \"ventilated lungs\" technique for heart and lung protection in cardiac surgery with CPB.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>After ethical approval and written informed consent, 80 patients undergoing cardiac surgery with normothermic CPB were randomized in three groups. In the first group (22 patients), the crystalloid cardioplegia without lung ventilation/perfusion techniques were used. In the second group (30 patients), the CCP and \"beating heart\" without lung ventilation/perfusion techniques were used. In the third group (28 patients), the CCP with PAP and lung ventilation techniques were used. Clinical, functional parameters, myocardial damage markers (CK MB level), oxygenation index, and lung compliance were investigated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There were higher rates of spontaneous cardiac recovery and lower doses of inotrops in the second and third groups. Myocardial contractility function was better preserved in the second and third groups. The post-operative levels of CK-MB were lower than in control group. Three hours after surgery CK-MB levels in the second and third groups were lower by 38.1% and 33.3%, respectively. Eight hours after surgery, CK-MB levels were lower in the second and third groups by 45.9% and 47.7%, respectively. 24 hours after surgery, CK-MB levels were lower in the second and third groups by 42.0% and 42.6%, respectively, and lower by 29.7% and 27.4% 48 hours after surgery, respectively. Normalization of CK-MB levels were registered earlier in second and third groups (within 24 hours) than the control group. Oxygenation index and lung compliance were significantly higher in the third group after CPB.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our technique improved myocardial and lung function in patients, but larger prospective randomized trials are needed to definitively assess the protective effects of this technique.</p>","PeriodicalId":42537,"journal":{"name":"Central Asian Journal of Global Health","volume":"3 Suppl","pages":"169"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5960937/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36135521","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Role of ROS in Aβ42 Mediated Activation of Cerebral Endothelial Cells.","authors":"Andrey Tsoy,&nbsp;Bauyrzhan Umbayev,&nbsp;Tamara Shalakhmetova,&nbsp;Sholpan Askarova","doi":"10.5195/cajgh.2014.179","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5195/cajgh.2014.179","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>There is substantial evidence that the deposition of aggregated amyloid-beta peptide (Aβ) in brain parenchyma and brain vessels is the main cause of neuronal dysfunction and death in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Aβ exhibits multiple cytotoxic effects on neurons and glial cells and causes dysfunction of the blood brain barrier (BBB). In AD brains, an increased deposition of Aβ in the cerebral vasculature has been found to be correlated with increased transmigration of blood-borne inflammatory cells and neurovascular inflammation. However, regulatory mediators of these processes remain to be elucidated. In this study, we examined the role of ROS in actin polymerization and expression of adhesion molecules (P-selectin) on the surface of the cerebral endothelial cells (CECs) that are activated by Aβ42.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Mouse BEnd3 line (ATCC) was used in this research. BEnd3 cells respond to Aβ treatment similarly to human primary CECs and are a common model to investigate CECs' function. We used immortalized bEnd3 cells as the following: controls; cells incubated with Aβ42 for 10, 30, and 60 minutes; cells incubated with 30 mM of antioxidant N-acetylcysteine (NAC) for 1 hr; and, cells pre-treated with NAC followed by Aβ42 exposure. We measured DHE fluorescence to investigate intracellular ROS production. Immunofluorescent microscopy of anti-P-selectin and oregon green phalloidin was used to quantify the surface P-selectin expression and actin polymerization, and Western blot analysis was used to analyze total P-selectin expression.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results of this study have demonstrated a significant time-dependent ROS accumulation after 10 minutes, 30 minutes, and 60 minutes of Aβ42 treatment, while Aβ42 stimulated ROS production in CECs was attenuated by pre-treatment with the NAC antioxidant. We also found that Aβ42 increased P-selectin fluorescence at the surface of bEnd3 cells in a time dependent manner in parallel to ROS elevation. However, total expression levels of P-selectin were not changed following exposure to Aβ42. Pretreatment with NAC attenuated Aβ42 induced P-selectin localization, while NAC alone did not significantly affect P selectin localization. As a positive control, H₂O₂ also increased P-selectin expression on the cell surface, which peaked after 30 minutes of H₂O₂ treatment. Exposure of CECs with Aβ42 promoted actin polymerization, which peaked after 10 minutes of Aβ42 treatment, while no significant increase of F-actin intensity was observed when cells were pre-treated with NAC. H₂O₂ was able to mimic Aβ42 induced oxidative stress, causing increased actin polymerization with similar timing.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The results of our study have indicated that Aβ42 induced accumulation of P-selectin on the surface of bEnd3 cells and promoted actin polymerization, and all ","PeriodicalId":42537,"journal":{"name":"Central Asian Journal of Global Health","volume":"3 Suppl","pages":"179"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5960947/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36136406","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The First Kazakh Whole Genomes: The First Report of NGS Data.","authors":"Ainur Akilzhanova,&nbsp;Ulykbek Kairov,&nbsp;Saule Rakhimova,&nbsp;Askhat Molkenov,&nbsp;Arang Rhie,&nbsp;Jong-Il Kim,&nbsp;Jeong-Sun Seo,&nbsp;Zhaxybay Zhumadilov","doi":"10.5195/cajgh.2014.146","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5195/cajgh.2014.146","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The human genome sequence will underpin human biology and medicine in the next century, providing a single, essential reference to all genetic information. Extraordinary technological advances and decreases in the cost of DNA sequencing have made the possibility of whole genome sequencing (WGS) feasible as a highly accessible test for numerous indications. The international project \"Genetic architecture of Kazakh population\" is well underway to determine the complete DNA. Next generation sequencing is a powerful tool for genetic analysis, which will enable us to uncover the association of loci at specific sites in the genome associated with disease. The aim of this study was to introduce first data on WGS of 6 Kazakh individuals.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This pilot study is among the first WGS performed on 6 healthy Kazakh individuals, using next generation sequencing platform HiSeq2000, Illumina by manufacturer's protocols. All generated *.bcl files were simultaneously converted and demultiplexed using bcl2fasta application. Alignment of sequence reads performed using bwa-mem against human b19 reference genome. Sorting, removing of intermediate files, *.bam files assembling, and marking duplicates were performed using PicardTools package. GATK haplotype caller tool was used for variant calling. ClinVar, SNPedia, and Cosmic databases were processed to identify clinical genomic variants in 6 Kazakh whole genomes. Java Runtime Environment and R. Bioconductor packages were installed to perform raw data processing and run program scripts.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The sequence alignment and mapping procedures on reference genome hg19 of each 6 healthy Kazakh individual were completed. Between 87,308,581,400 and 107,526,741,301 total base pairs were sequenced with average coverage x29.85. Between 98.85% and 99.58% base pairs were totally mapped and on average 96.07% were properly paired. Het/Hom and Ti/Tv ratios for each whole genome ranged from 1.35 to 1.52 and from 2.07 to 2.08, respectively. We compared and analyzed each genome with on existing clinical databases ClinVar, SNPedia, Cosmic and found from 20 to 25, from 269 to 288, from 7 to 12 SNP records, respectively. The availability of a reference Kazakh genome sequences provides the basis for studying the nature of sequence variation, particularly single nucleotide polymorphisms.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The first whole genome sequencing of Kazakhs were performed. In this pilot study, we identified SNPs associated with different conditions. Further studies of WGS on Kazakh population are needed to identify possible unique genetic variants in Kazakhs.</p>","PeriodicalId":42537,"journal":{"name":"Central Asian Journal of Global Health","volume":"3 Suppl","pages":"146"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.5195/cajgh.2014.146","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36136555","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Screening of Gestational Diabetes and Hypertension Among Antenatal Women in Rural West India.","authors":"Viral R Dave,&nbsp;Bhavik M Rana,&nbsp;Kantibhai N Sonaliya,&nbsp;Suraj J Chandwani,&nbsp;Samkit V Sharma,&nbsp;Swati O Khatri,&nbsp;Khalid M Shaikh,&nbsp;Farida M Hathiari","doi":"10.5195/cajgh.2014.140","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5195/cajgh.2014.140","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Hypertension and gestational diabetes are among the leading causes of maternal and perinatal mortality, especially in rural areas of developing countries with meager health facilities. With early diagnosis and timely treatment, these adverse events can be decreased. The primary aim of this study was to implement a screening program for gestational diabetes and hypertension, and to assess risk factors associated with these conditions among antenatal women in the rural area of the Gujarat province in India.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional study was conducted at one of the rural areas of Gujarat province in India. Following a random cluster sampling procedure, the village of Davas was selected. A multistage random sampling method was utilized, resulting in a sample of 346 antenatal women. Screening guidelines from the American Diabetes Association were followed for gestational diabetes screening.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The majority of antenatal mothers (55.50%) were between 21-25 years of age. 242 antenatal women were multigravida, and among them, 85.96% had institutional delivery at their last pregnancy. Of the total 346 women, 17.60% were prehypertensive. The prevalence of systolic hypertension was 1.40%, diastolic hypertension was 0.90%, and gestational diabetes was 1.73%.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Socioeconomically upper class, a family history of hypertension, and BMI ≥ 25 were strong risk factors for hypertension during pregnancy and gestational diabetes. Health education should be made readily available to antenatal mothers by paramedical workers regarding symptoms of hypertension and gestational diabetes mellitus for early self identification.</p>","PeriodicalId":42537,"journal":{"name":"Central Asian Journal of Global Health","volume":"3 1","pages":"140"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5927732/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36094332","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Current Impact, Future Prospects and Implications of Mobile Healthcare in India.","authors":"Rishi Kappal,&nbsp;Amit Mehndiratta,&nbsp;Prabu Anandaraj,&nbsp;Athanasios Tsanas","doi":"10.5195/cajgh.2014.116","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5195/cajgh.2014.116","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>India has a diverse geographical landscape and predominately rural population. Telemedicine is identified as one of the technological pillars to support healthcare services in this region, but is associated with high cost and complex infrastructure, thus restricting its wider use. Mobile-based healthcare (m-Health) services may provide a practical, promising alternative approach to support healthcare facilities. India has a high mobile user base, both in cities and in rural regions. The appropriate identification of mobile data transmission technology for healthcare services is vital to optimally use the available technology. In this article, we review current telecommunication systemsin India, specifically the evolving consensus on the need for CDMA (Code Division Multiple Access - a wireless technology used by leading international and national operators. This technology is deployed in 800MHz band making it economically viable and far reaching with high quality of services) to continue its operations in India along with mobile healthcare services. We also discuss how healthcare services may be extended using m-Health technologies, given the availability of telecommunications and related services.</p>","PeriodicalId":42537,"journal":{"name":"Central Asian Journal of Global Health","volume":"3 1","pages":"116"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5927731/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36094331","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Satisfaction with surgical correction of stress urinary incontinence in women: A pilot study in Almaty, Kazakhstan.","authors":"Sayara M Mukhtarova,&nbsp;Gulzhahan K Omarova,&nbsp;Aynura I Yoldasheva","doi":"10.5195/cajgh.2014.142","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5195/cajgh.2014.142","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":42537,"journal":{"name":"Central Asian Journal of Global Health","volume":"3 1","pages":"142"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5927734/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36094261","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}