Revista General de Derecho Canonico y Derecho Eclesiastico del Estado最新文献

{"title":"El Comité de Derechos Humanos de Naciones Unidas y el Tribunal Europeo: convergencias y divergencias en materia de simbología religiosa","authors":"Agustín Motilla","doi":"10.55104/adee_00006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55104/adee_00006","url":null,"abstract":": It might be astonishing to verify how the rulings of two important international bodies with judicial or quasi-judicial functions in human rights matters –the European Court of Human Rights created by the Convention of Rome, and the United Nations Committee born by the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights– are, at times, diametrically opposed. We could see this fact in a controversial issue of modern society: symbols and garments of religious significance. This issue put at stake the public acceptance of minority groups in western societies and the range of acknowledge of the freedom of thought, conscience and religion. This article analyzes three examples of religious symbology –the one exhibited in the public school, in the photos required to obtain certain documents, and the so-called «full-face veil» in any public space–, banned in a European country, France, where the arguments and the decisions of both international bodies are radically divergent. Next, we raise questions about the possible motives –structural or substantial– that could explain said divergence in the different interpretation and application of the limits to freedom of religion. And, finally, we propose some solutions de jure condendo in order to bring the doctrines of the Strasbourg Court and the Geneva Committee closer together, for the sake of a convergent interpretation and application of a right that is regulated in a very similar way in the European Convention and in the International Covenant. No deja de sorprender cómo los fallos de dos importantes órganos internacionales con funciones judiciales o cuasi-judiciales en materia de derechos humanos –el Tribunal Europeo de Derechos Humanos creado en el Convenio de Roma, y el Comité de Naciones Unidas en aplicación del Pacto de Derechos Civiles y Políticos– son, en ocasiones, diametralmente opuestos. Lo contemplamos en una materia de singular importancia y actualidad en el ámbito de las manifestaciones de la libertad de pensamiento, conciencia y religión: los símbolos y vestimentas religiosas. Esta cuestión plantea, a su vez, el grado de aceptación de las minorías religiosas en las sociedades occidentales y la amplitud del reconocimiento del derecho a la libertad de pensamiento, conciencia y religión. El trabajo contempla tres supuestos de simbología religiosa –la exhibida en la escuela pública, en las fotos requeridas para la obtención de documentos, y el denominado «velo integral» en cualquier espacio público–, prohibidos en un país europeo, Francia, en donde las argumentaciones y la decisión de ambos órganos son radicalmente divergentes. A continuación se estudian las posibles causas –estructurales y sustanciales– que pudieran explicar dicha divergencia en la distinta interpretación y aplicación de los límites al derecho a la libertad religiosa; y se ofrecen unas propuestas de iure condendo a fin de acercar las doctrinas del Tribunal de Estrasburgo y del Comité de Ginebra, en aras de una interpretació","PeriodicalId":42519,"journal":{"name":"Revista General de Derecho Canonico y Derecho Eclesiastico del Estado","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136112715","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Perspectiva de género, asociaciones religiosas y Ley 15/2022 de 12 de julio, integral para la igualdad de trato y la no discriminación: reflexiones a propósito de la STS 925/2021 de 23 de diciembre de 2021","authors":"Paz Fernández-Rivera González","doi":"10.55104/adee_00017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55104/adee_00017","url":null,"abstract":"The conflict between the right to self-organization of religious associations and the exercise of the right to religious freedom is resolved by the Supreme Court based on the criterion of dominant position. But beyond this debate and the decision of the high court, pending the appeal for protection announced by the plaintiff/appellant in cassation, this conflict is examined in the light of Law 15/2022 of July 12, comprehensive for equal treatment and non-discrimination. The aim is to analyze whether the new approach to gender theories has an impact on the perspective from which the organization of private associations of a religious nature should be studied, as well as possible arbitrary discrimination. El conflicto entre el derecho de autoorganización de las asociaciones religiosas y el ejercicio del derecho a la libertad religiosa ha sido resuelto por el Tribunal Supremo atendiendo al criterio de posición dominante. Pero más allá de dicho debate y de la citada resolución del alto tribunal, pendiente del Recurso de Amparo anunciado por la demandante/recurrente en casación, se examina este conflicto a la luz de la Ley 15/2022 de 12 de julio, integral para la igualdad de trato y la no discriminación. Se trata de analizar si el nuevo enfoque de las teorías de género repercute en la perspectiva desde la que se deba estudiar la organización de las asociaciones privadas de naturaleza religiosa, así como las posibles discriminaciones arbitrarias.","PeriodicalId":42519,"journal":{"name":"Revista General de Derecho Canonico y Derecho Eclesiastico del Estado","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136113588","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Patrimonio religioso de interés cultural: protección frente a su destrucción o degradación","authors":"José M.ª Martí Sánchez","doi":"10.55104/adee_00015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55104/adee_00015","url":null,"abstract":"The religious heritage of cultural interest is integrated into the identity of the peoples and receives articulated protection, in terms of its conservation, enjoyment and protection. An overview of the sources that regulate their protection (supranational, national, regional and canonical) is offered. The religious character is what gives cohesion to heritage. Vandalism, being an attack against religious freedom and patrimonial wealth, does not receive the appropriate legal reaction. El patrimonio religioso de interés cultural se integra en la identidad de los pueblos y recibe una protección articulada, en cuanto a su conservación, disfrute y protección. Se ofrece una visión de conjunto de las fuentes que regulan su protección (supranacionales, nacionales autonómicas y canónicas). El carácter religioso es el que da cohesión a patrimonio. El vandalismo siendo un atentado contra la libertad religiosa y la riqueza patrimonial, no recibe la adecuada reacción jurídica.","PeriodicalId":42519,"journal":{"name":"Revista General de Derecho Canonico y Derecho Eclesiastico del Estado","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136114198","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stato, Chiese e libertà religiosa nella Russia post-sovietica: una lettura politico-ecclesiastica nello scenario di guerra","authors":"Anna Gianfreda","doi":"10.55104/adee_00004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55104/adee_00004","url":null,"abstract":"The contribution deals with the structure of relations between the state, churches, and religions in the Russian Federation, focusing on the evolutions brought about by Putin’s government and by the presence of Patriarch Kirill as head of the Orthodox Church of Moscow. The paper focuses on the status of religious freedom, in the light of both the rules governing it and the practical applications and repercussions on the front of the state and religious approach to the protection of fundamental rights. These themes have fallen into the current context of war and in the climate of tensions with Ukraine, both from a political and religious point of view. Il contributo prende in esame l’assetto dei rapporti tra Stato, chiese e religioni nella Federazione russa, concentrandosi in particolare sulle evoluzioni determinate dall’avvento al governo di Putin e dalla presenza del Patriarca Kirill a capo della Chiesa ortodossa di Mosca. Il lavoro si concentra sullo statuto della libertà religiosa, alla luce tanto delle norme che la disciplinano quanto delle applicazioni pratiche e delle ricadute sul fronte dell’approccio statale e religioso alla tutela dei diritti fondamentali. Tali temi sono calati nell’attuale contesto bellico e nel clima di tensioni con l’Ucraina risalenti nel tempo, sia dal punto di vista politico sia da quello religioso.","PeriodicalId":42519,"journal":{"name":"Revista General de Derecho Canonico y Derecho Eclesiastico del Estado","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136112848","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"École et Religion en Droit français","authors":"Anne Fornerod","doi":"10.55104/adee_00007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55104/adee_00007","url":null,"abstract":"In France, public schools play a central role in determining students’ relationship to religion. It is based on a set of legislative principles dating from the regime of the Third Republic (1870-1940) which are still applicable today and are characterized by a close and decisive link with laïcité. However, a significant place is given to private schools –overwhelmingly Catholic– in the name of freedom of education. However, the societal repercussions of the development of new religious movements, including Islam, are reflected in public schools by the promotion of laïcité as a value to which students must adhere and likely to lead to tensions with their freedom of religion. This conception of laïcité is present in the law of August 24, 2021 confirming respect for the principles of the Republic, which has brought restrictions to the freedom of education by strictly framing the home education of children and private schools without contract L’École publique joue en France un rôle central dans la détermination du rapport à la religion des élèves. Elle s’appuie sur un ensemble de principes législatifs datant du régime de la IIIe République (1870-1940) qui sont toujours applicables aujourd’hui et se caractérisent par un lien étroit et déterminant avec la laïcité. Toutefois, une place conséquente est faite aux écoles privées –très majoritairement catholiques– au nom de la liberté de l’enseignement. Or, les répercussions sociétales du développement de nouveaux mouvements religieux, dont l’Islam, se traduisent à l’École publique par la promotion d’une laïcité comme valeur à laquelle les élèves doivent adhérer et susceptible d’entraîner des tensions avec leur liberté de religion. Cette conception de la laïcité est présente dans la loi du 24 août 2021 confortant le respect des principes de la République qui a apporté des restrictions à la liberté de l’enseignement en encadrant strictement l’instruction en famille des enfants et les écoles privées hors contrat.","PeriodicalId":42519,"journal":{"name":"Revista General de Derecho Canonico y Derecho Eclesiastico del Estado","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136112858","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Turismo religioso y laicidad. Estudio jurídico de la Romería de Santa Marta de Ribarteme","authors":"José Antonio Rodríguez García","doi":"10.55104/adee_00016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55104/adee_00016","url":null,"abstract":"This paper is the legal study of the administrative file that declared the «Santa Marta de Ribarteme» pilgrimage as festival of tourist interest. The originality of this Catholic festival was in the procession of coffins. The guiding thread of this work is the analysis of the content of the administrative file and the regulations of religious tourism. The objective of this paper is to determine the degree of compatibility of this administrative file, that declared the «Santa Marta de Ribarteme» pilgrimage as festival of tourist interest, with the constitutional principle of secularism, which includes the religious neutrality of public administrations and the principle of separation between the State and the Catholic Church. El artículo es el estudio jurídico del expediente administrativo que declaró la romería de Santa Marta de Ribarteme como fiesta de interés turístico. La originalidad de esta fiesta católica se encontraba en la procesión de ataúdes. El hilo conductor de este artículo es el análisis del contenido del expediente administrativo y de la normativa sobre turismo religioso. El objetivo de este trabajo de investigación es determinar el grado de compatibilidad de este expediente administrativo, que declaró la romería de Santa Marta de barteme como fiesta de interés turístico, con el principio constitucional de laicidad que incluye la neutralidad religiosa de las Administraciones públicas y el principio de separación entre el Estado y la Iglesia católica.","PeriodicalId":42519,"journal":{"name":"Revista General de Derecho Canonico y Derecho Eclesiastico del Estado","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136113735","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Obstacles to tackling illegal religious schools in the constitutional culture of England","authors":"Javier García Oliva","doi":"10.55104/adee_00008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55104/adee_00008","url":null,"abstract":"A significant number of children in England are attending religious schools operating outside of the law. The institutions are not registered or inspected, meaning that there are no checks on the quality of the education, appropriateness of the physical environment or adequate safeguards against abuse. The current legal framework on home-schooling enables this situation to continue, and despite a number of scandals, there has so far been no attempt at radical reform to address the situation. This article examines the elements of English constitutional and juridical culture which have incubated this problem, and which present obstacles to an holistic and effective response being implemented. Un número considerable de niños en Inglaterra asisten a escuelas religiosas que operan al margen de la ley. Nos encontramos frente a instituciones que no están registradas o sujetas a inspección, lo cual lleva a que en la práctica no haya controles respecto a la calidad de la educación, la naturaleza del entorno físico o mecanismos de protección contra el abuso. El sistema legal actual sobre home-schooling favorece la continuidad de esta realidad, y a pesar de los numerosos escándalos que han acontecido, no se ha producido un verdadero intento por llevar a cabo una reforma sustantiva de esta situación. Este artículo examina los elementos de la cultura constitucional y jurídica inglesa que han propiciado este problema, y que constituyen un obstáculo a la consecución de una respuesta integral y efectiva al mismo","PeriodicalId":42519,"journal":{"name":"Revista General de Derecho Canonico y Derecho Eclesiastico del Estado","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136113165","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"La discriminación por razón de edad como factor de exclusión en el empleo:","authors":"R. González","doi":"10.2307/j.ctv103xbz7.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv103xbz7.6","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":42519,"journal":{"name":"Revista General de Derecho Canonico y Derecho Eclesiastico del Estado","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2019-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73339531","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Acciones socio-laborales contra la exclusión social en la Unión Europea, en España y en las Comunidades Autónomas","authors":"Elena Lasaosa Irigoyen","doi":"10.2307/j.ctv103xbz7.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv103xbz7.13","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":42519,"journal":{"name":"Revista General de Derecho Canonico y Derecho Eclesiastico del Estado","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2019-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83060094","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Back Matter","authors":"","doi":"10.2307/j.ctv103xbz7.20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv103xbz7.20","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":42519,"journal":{"name":"Revista General de Derecho Canonico y Derecho Eclesiastico del Estado","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2019-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86822940","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}