Emerging Markets Economics: Industrial Policy & Regulation eJournal最新文献

{"title":"Why Geographic Dispersion before Its Time: Industrial Policy and Economic Geography in the People's Republic of China","authors":"Yiyun Wu, Xiwei Zhu","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2901824","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2901824","url":null,"abstract":"We investigate the trends and determinants of geographic concentration and industrial specialization in the People’s Republic of China (PRC) using interprovincial panel data for the period from 1999 to 2010. It shows that, after 2005, both geographic concentration and industrial specialization began to decrease, resulting in an increased similarity of provincial industrial structure. Industrial policies of provincial governments cause geographic dispersion and inverse specialization. The result is robust when using instrumental variables to deal with possible reverse causality and omitted variable problems. The mechanism behind this is that central government industrial policy, which tends to last for several years, is an important reference document for each provincial planner. This causes the less-developed regions to deviate from their comparative advantages, resulting in a combination of insufficient geographic concentration and inverse specialization in the PRC.","PeriodicalId":424970,"journal":{"name":"Emerging Markets Economics: Industrial Policy & Regulation eJournal","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124958752","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Анализ Пространственных Факторов в Современных Концепциях Регионального Развития (The Analysis of Spatial Factors in Modern Concepts of Regional Growth)","authors":"Natalya Kiselyova, Kristina Bavina","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2896632","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2896632","url":null,"abstract":"Russian Abstract: В статье рассмотрены вопросы размещения производительных сил с точки зрения концепций регионального развития. Прослежена взаимосвязь неоклассических, кумулятивных теорий, теорий новых форм территориальной организации производства, новой экономической географии, а также теории пространственных лагов на разных этапах их становления, через призму пространственных факторов. \u0000 \u0000English Abstract: In article considered questions of placement of productive forces from the point of view of concepts of regional development. Traced interrelation of neoclassical, cumulative theories, theories of new forms of territorial production organization, new economic geography, and the theory of spatial logs at different stages of their formation, through a prism of spatial factors.","PeriodicalId":424970,"journal":{"name":"Emerging Markets Economics: Industrial Policy & Regulation eJournal","volume":"297 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127563035","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Nature of Industrial Development and the Speed of Structural Change","authors":"Livio Romano, Fabrizio Traù","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2461290","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2461290","url":null,"abstract":"The paper discusses the relationship between industrial development and structural change in the Age of globalization. It sets within the same theoretical framework the fact that both the sectoral concentration of manufacturing activities and the internal structure of the whole economy do change in the course of industrial development, and shows that the speed of such transformations depends upon the time at which industrial development has taken place. In particular, for late industrializing countries the intra- and inter-sectoral structural adjustments have been significantly faster as compared to those experienced by nations that built their manufacturing base in earlier times. These results have strong implications for the current debate on early deindustrialization.","PeriodicalId":424970,"journal":{"name":"Emerging Markets Economics: Industrial Policy & Regulation eJournal","volume":"124 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127150336","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Implications of Tax Maneuver: Production of Oil and Petrochemicals","authors":"A. Kaukin, A. Knobel, Alexander Firanchuk","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2889452","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2889452","url":null,"abstract":"A tax maneuver in the oil and oil refining industries contributed to some changes in the pattern of production of petrochemicals: the total volume of oil refining decreased, while the volume of production of motor gasoline increased somewhat. It is to be noted that the tax maneuver had an effect on the pattern of exports of petrochemicals, too: with duties increased on residual oil its exports fell dramatically, while with export duties reduced on commercial gasoline, directly distilled gasoline and light and medium distillates their exports increased. Reduction of export duties on diesel fuel brought about growth in its share in the total exports of petrochemicals.","PeriodicalId":424970,"journal":{"name":"Emerging Markets Economics: Industrial Policy & Regulation eJournal","volume":"71 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132162677","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating the Factors that Influence E-Commerce Performance on SMEs in China","authors":"Sungpyo Sohn, Chang-kun Chung","doi":"10.16980/JITC.12.6.201612.23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.16980/JITC.12.6.201612.23","url":null,"abstract":"This paper investigated the factors that influence the e-commerce performance of Chinese small and medium enterprises (SMEs). E-commerce provides a platform the fair competition between SMEs and large enterprises. In fact, within a decade, e-commerce has brought economic benefits to many SMEs. Hence a number of SMEs rapidly adopted this platform in recent years. SMEs are facing critical barriers to e-commerce application. First, there are e-commerce implementation and adoption decision issues. Second, there is a need to consider the key success factors and its relationship with other variables. Third, these is a dilemma on how to measure the effect on the firm of implementing e-commerce and the appropriate performance evaluation procedure. In this paper, theoretical and empirical explorations and critical research were conducted on e-commerce among SMEs in China. Considering the downward trend in the performance of SMEs and the existing theoretical models, this study presented relevant hypothesis. Past studies were also reviewed and organized to support the argument. This paper analyzed the factors that influenced e-commerce performance based on a number of research papers. Using the statistical SEM verification method, this study also discovered the critical success factors in doing business through e-commerce among SMEs. Two critical factors were verified from about 200 cases which are subjected to statistical processing. It was found that internal human resources and e-commerce strategies are the statistically significant success factors for e-commerce performance among Chinese SMEs.","PeriodicalId":424970,"journal":{"name":"Emerging Markets Economics: Industrial Policy & Regulation eJournal","volume":"521 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116198276","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"New Direction of Industrial Policy in Korea","authors":"Ji Hong Kim","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2836776","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2836776","url":null,"abstract":"South Korea had achieved remarkable growth during the last decades, and is quoted as an example of successful industrial policy. This paper intends to review the history of industrial policy in Korean and issues on industrial targeting. Since Korean economy enters more mature stage, new paradigm of industrial policy is required to keep up with the changing environments. Particularly in 2000s, South Korean economy has transformed into knowledge economy and developed an innovation-intensive industrial structure. As a bench mark case, Israel case is presented. The knowledge revolution, together with increased globalization, presented significant opportunities for promoting economic and social development in Korea.","PeriodicalId":424970,"journal":{"name":"Emerging Markets Economics: Industrial Policy & Regulation eJournal","volume":"51 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121562111","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Improving Connectivity in Indonesia: The Challenges of Better Infrastructure, Better Regulations, and Better Coordination","authors":"H. Sandee","doi":"10.1111/aepr.12138","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/aepr.12138","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents and discusses the main challenges that an archipelago like Indonesia is facing in improving its connectivity. Distinguishing between intra‐island, inter‐island, and international connectivity is essential in order to understand the nature of the challenges and causes behind the bottlenecks. High domestic shipping costs are identified as one key challenge. The Government of Indonesia has identified improved connectivity as a key issue in promoting economic growth, especially in the manufacturing sector, now that Indonesia can no longer rely on commodities as a driver of growth. Better infrastructure, regulations, and coordination among stakeholders are crucial components in promoting improved connectivity for manufacturing growth. Promoting investment in infrastructure is necessary, including both hard and soft infrastructure. However, Indonesian experience highlights that without regulatory reform and improved policy coordination, infrastructure investment will continue to lag behind. There is a need for an improved and empowered governance structure to turn investment plans into reality.","PeriodicalId":424970,"journal":{"name":"Emerging Markets Economics: Industrial Policy & Regulation eJournal","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"118558259","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Special Purpose Vehicles and Corporate Sukuk: How True Is 'True Sale'?","authors":"M. Kahf, H. Al-Saudi","doi":"10.4197/ISLEC.29-2.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4197/ISLEC.29-2.1","url":null,"abstract":"Sukuk is a current hot topic in Islamic finance discussions. This paper aims to examine Sukuk and focus on the initial yet fundamental requirement of “true sale”- one that can determine if a particular Sukuk is, in fact, a Shariah compliant financial instrument. Ten Sukuk are selected for the test, issued between the years 2004 and 2012 in seven countries. Selection is not random and based mostly on availability of information necessary for conducting the test. The Sukuk are subjected to evaluation criteria developed by the paper and built on legal, financial, accounting and Shariah requirements. The evaluation reveals that only one of the ten Sukuk met the “true-sale” requirements. The rest contained several violations and therefore could not be considered Shariah compliant instruments. تعتبر الصكوك موضوعا حيويا في مناقشات التمويل الإسلامي. ويعمد البحث الحالي للنظر إلى الصكوك من زاوية مركزة بدقة هي مدى نجاح الصكوك، أو فشلها، في توافر الشروط الأساسية للبيع الحقيقي للأصول التي تنقل إلى حملة الصكوك، الأمر الذي يحدد فعلا مدى توافق أي إصدار للصكوك مع الشروط الشرعية. وقد اخترنا لهذا الاختبار عشرة صكوك صدرت بين عامي 2004م و 2012م في سبعة بلدان. ولم نطبق في الاختيار المعايير الإحصائية للعشوائية وإنما اعتمدنا أساسا على توفر المعلومات اللازمة لإجراء الفحص. وقد طبقنا في اختبار حقيقية البيع معايير محددة قمنا بتطويرها من جملة المعايير القانونية والمحاسبية والشرعية. وقد أظهرت نتيجة التقييم أن واحدا فقط من الصكوك العشرة التي قيمناها تتوفر فيه شروط البيع الحقيقي عند نقل ملكية الأصول من الشركة المصدرة إلى حملة الصكوك، أما بقية الصكوك فتتضمن مخالفات عديدة لشروط البيع الحقيقي، الأمر الذي لا يجعل منها أدوات مالية متوافقة مع الشريعة الغراء.","PeriodicalId":424970,"journal":{"name":"Emerging Markets Economics: Industrial Policy & Regulation eJournal","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115325900","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Economic Governance Series II - The Strength of Competition Policy and Regulation in the Arab Region","authors":"D. Sumpf, Vladimir Isaila","doi":"10.2139/SSRN.2809569","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/SSRN.2809569","url":null,"abstract":"The present paper summarizes the finding of the survey on competition policy strength in Arab countries. For this first of a kind analysis, UNESCWA used the established OECD instrument to complement the existing global dataset on competition policy and to provide decision-makers in the Arab countries a reference measure for achievements and gaps related to competition policy, legislation and institutional structures. Building on the 2013 OECD study on Competition Law and Policy, the UNESCWA survey applies the same indicators, seeking to assess the scope, legal framework and enforcement capability of competition regimes in the Arab region.The results of the survey discussed in the previous chapters highlight that there is a clear push towards the development of competition regimes in the region and that the efforts in the Arab region are strong in comparison with the OECD average. The legal and procedural frameworks underpinning national competition policy have seen multiple reforms in the past decade, increasing the scope of activity, the investigative and enforcement powers of competition authorities in the region. Spearheaded by reforms in Morocco, Tunisia and Egypt, other countries are beginning to re-evaluate the role of antitrust regulation.Nonetheless, the survey also shows the need for improvement in terms of independence of competition authorities, procedural fairness as well as enforcement concerns. With the exception of Tunisia, all other countries have not investigated or imposed sanctions on some or all antitrust infringements related to mergers, horizontal and vertical agreements, or exclusionary conducts. Most competition authorities surveyed are nominally independent, though subject to government interference in certain aspects of the decision-making, investigative and sanctioning process. Furthermore, issues of transparency and fairness in the application of antitrust measures are observed. Decisions on antitrust infringements are often not disclosed, while the publication of investigative and decision-making processes is limited in a number of countries. In the broader context of economic governance in Arab countries, the paper testifies to the commitment of some Arab countries towards establishing better policies and the authors hope the paper contributes towards building a sustainable and fair “competition culture” to the benefit of all people in the Arab region.","PeriodicalId":424970,"journal":{"name":"Emerging Markets Economics: Industrial Policy & Regulation eJournal","volume":"44 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128164913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"New Industrial Policy of South American Countries and Industrial Cooperation with Korea","authors":"Kisu Kwon, Jin-O Kim, Misook Park, Siun Yi","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2799997","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2799997","url":null,"abstract":"The three Latin American countries, Chile, Colombia and Peru, were in need of active industrial policies by the 2000s. First and foremost, they needed to diversify their export and industrial structure. Since the year 2000, dependence on the primary commodity exports of these South American countries has increased, due to China's primary commodity boom (rose from 67% in year 2000 to 76% in 2013). In particular, Colombia's export dependency on primary resources has jumped from 66% to 82% during the same period. This high dependency on primary goods can lead to high volatility in economic growth. During the period from 1996 to 2014, Chile, Peru, and Colombia's volatility of economic growth exceeded the Latin American average. Second, these three countries had to promote their productivity. According to the IMF and other researches, the high rate of economic growth in the 2000s was achieved thanks to a high input of labor and accumulation of capital, rather than driven by TFP growth. In this sense, the low productivity of the three countries could be explained by the lack of innovation. Third, they needed to strengthen national competitiveness. These three countries all ranked on a mid-to-high level among South American countries, according to the World Economic Forum. However, their rankings have dropped or remained stagnant since 2010. In order to make the transition to an 'innovation-driven' economy from their current 'efficiency-driven' economy, they must expand R&D expenditure, and improve educational levels.","PeriodicalId":424970,"journal":{"name":"Emerging Markets Economics: Industrial Policy & Regulation eJournal","volume":"217 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123632501","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}