Scripta MaterialiaPub Date : 2025-04-22DOI: 10.1016/j.scriptamat.2025.116712
Junyu Chen , Fei Liu , Gang Fang , Upadrasta Ramamurty
{"title":"Functional fatigue behavior of [101]- and [111]-oriented superelastic NiTi micropillars","authors":"Junyu Chen , Fei Liu , Gang Fang , Upadrasta Ramamurty","doi":"10.1016/j.scriptamat.2025.116712","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scriptamat.2025.116712","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Cuboidal micropillars of superelastic NiTi shape memory alloy with [101] and [111] orientations were fabricated using focused ion beam milling and then subjected to cyclic compression. The results indicate that [101]-oriented NiTi is more prone to functional degradation than its [111]-oriented counterpart due to pronounced kinematic irreversibility. In the former, the irreversibility is driven by both dislocation activity and retained martensite, whereas in the latter, degradation is governed exclusively by dislocation accumulation. Cyclic compression causes a significant reduction in the forward transformation stress in the [101] orientation, which disappears upon the removal of retained martensite through heating. In contrast, the transformation stress in the [111] orientation remains broadly invariant, due to the absence of retained martensite, highlighting its dominant role in lowering the forward transformation stress. The work reveals the importance of crystallographic orientations in bringing changes in the fatigue performance and mechanisms of the material at the microscale.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":423,"journal":{"name":"Scripta Materialia","volume":"264 ","pages":"Article 116712"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143856047","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Scripta MaterialiaPub Date : 2025-04-22DOI: 10.1016/j.scriptamat.2025.116715
Yi Wang , Zipeng Xu , Vivekanand Muralikrishnan , Joel B. Harley , Michael R. Tonks , Gregory S. Rohrer , Amanda R. Krause
{"title":"4D Observations of the initiation of abnormal grain growth in commercially pure Ni","authors":"Yi Wang , Zipeng Xu , Vivekanand Muralikrishnan , Joel B. Harley , Michael R. Tonks , Gregory S. Rohrer , Amanda R. Krause","doi":"10.1016/j.scriptamat.2025.116715","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scriptamat.2025.116715","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Abnormal grain growth (AGG), where a small fraction of grains grow faster than others, is critical to predict because it can significantly impact material properties. However, the mechanism behind AGG remains unclear. In this study, laboratory-based x-ray diffraction contrast tomography (LabDCT) is employed to non-destructively track the 3D microstructural evolution of high-purity nickel during the onset of AGG at 800 °C. The initial microstructure state is used to test hypothesized microstructure predictors of the initiation of AGG. The change in grain size was not related to the initial grain size or normalized integral mean curvature. Additionally, the grain boundary energy distributions of abnormal grains were indistinguishable from those of control groups exhibiting normal grain growth. However, the grains that later became abnormal exhibit large areas of asymmetric tilt boundaries that were previously found to be fast. This 3D microstructure dataset is useful to investigate new hypotheses for the initiation of AGG.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":423,"journal":{"name":"Scripta Materialia","volume":"264 ","pages":"Article 116715"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143859066","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Continuously adjustable metal to insulator transitions within high temperature range for La3-xBixNi2O7 layered perovskite nickelates","authors":"Hao Zhang , Jingxin Gao , Yi Bian , Wei Lei , Hongliang Dong , Xiaoguang Xu , Nuofu Chen , Jikun Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.scriptamat.2025.116720","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scriptamat.2025.116720","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Establishing the Ruddlesden-Popper type layered perovskite structures for rare-earth nickelates (e.g., <em>Re</em><sub>n+1</sub>Ni<sub>n</sub>O<sub>3n+1</sub>), by alternatively inserting one <em>Re</em>O rock-salt layer into n layers of the <em>Re</em>NiO<sub>3</sub> perovskite, sheds a light on new freedom to regulate their metal to insulator transition (MIT) properties. Herein, we demonstrate continuously regulatable MITs enabling significantly enhanced resistive switches at high temperature range of 500–560 K for La<sub>3-x</sub>Bi<sub>x</sub>Ni<sub>2</sub>O<sub>7</sub> (n=3), compared to conventional <em>Re</em>NiO<sub>3</sub> with similar critical temperatures (<em>T</em><sub>MIT</sub>). Anomalously small magnitudes in thermopowers are observed for the insulating La<sub>3-x</sub>Bi<sub>x</sub>Ni<sub>2</sub>O<sub>7</sub>, compared to the 113-type nickelates, indicating their distinguished bi-polar transport characters. The Bi substitution results in electron localization as indicated by the near edge X-ray absorption fine structure analysis, and elevates the hole contribution to the transportation to drive the thermopower associated with their insulating phase towards positive magnitudes. Furthermore, compared to <em>Re</em>NiO<sub>3</sub>, the La<sub>3-x</sub>Bi<sub>x</sub>Ni<sub>2</sub>O<sub>7</sub> exhibits higher material stability, paving the way to their applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":423,"journal":{"name":"Scripta Materialia","volume":"264 ","pages":"Article 116720"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143851809","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Scripta MaterialiaPub Date : 2025-04-19DOI: 10.1016/j.scriptamat.2025.116717
Yandi Jia , Yingjie Ma , Shujun Li , Hao Wang , Song Chen , Yujing Yang , Qian Wang , Sensen Huang , Min Qi , Jiafeng Lei , Rui Yang
{"title":"Improving the mechanical properties of α + β titanium alloys by tailoring α″ nanotwins variants","authors":"Yandi Jia , Yingjie Ma , Shujun Li , Hao Wang , Song Chen , Yujing Yang , Qian Wang , Sensen Huang , Min Qi , Jiafeng Lei , Rui Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.scriptamat.2025.116717","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scriptamat.2025.116717","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We employ Ti-3Al-5Mo-4.5 V (wt. %, α + β) alloy to investigate, for the first time, the evolution of α″ nanotwins at different aging temperatures in an α + α″ coexisting microstructure, as well as their influence on mechanical properties. The results demonstrate that {111}<sub>α″</sub> type Ⅰ nanotwins form to accommodate α″ lattice strain during low-temperature aging. Both the number proportion and area proportion of the type I nanotwins increase as the aging temperature rises from 300 °C to 350 °C. The relatively abundant pre-existing nanotwins in the samples aged at 350 °C significantly hinder the occurrence of stress-induced <211><sub>α″</sub> type Ⅱ twinning transformation, leading to enhanced yield strength. This study provides critical insights into developing new Ti-alloys with superior strength/ductility.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":423,"journal":{"name":"Scripta Materialia","volume":"264 ","pages":"Article 116717"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143850787","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Scripta MaterialiaPub Date : 2025-04-18DOI: 10.1016/j.scriptamat.2025.116700
Kaisheng Ming , Bo Li , Mingyu Gong , Yuchen Zhang , Nan Zi , Shijian Zheng , Jian Wang
{"title":"Unusual {202¯1} twinning behaviors in deformation-induced hexagonal high-entropy alloy","authors":"Kaisheng Ming , Bo Li , Mingyu Gong , Yuchen Zhang , Nan Zi , Shijian Zheng , Jian Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.scriptamat.2025.116700","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scriptamat.2025.116700","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>{2<span><math><mrow><mn>0</mn><mover><mn>2</mn><mo>¯</mo></mover></mrow></math></span>1} twinning had been theoretically predicted for several decades but rarely observed in hexagonal close-packed (hcp) metals. A CrMnFeCoNi high-entropy alloy with a face-centered cubic (fcc) structure at room temperature can undergo martensitic transformation into an hcp structure when deformed at low temperatures. Most surprisingly, we for the first time observed {2<span><math><mrow><mn>0</mn><mover><mn>2</mn><mo>¯</mo></mover></mrow></math></span>1} deformation twins in the deformation-induced hcp-ε grains. Twin boundaries (TBs) are found to deviate from the twinning plane, relaxing into the terraced interface which is composed of (10<span><math><mover><mn>1</mn><mo>¯</mo></mover></math></span>1)<sub>M</sub>||(10<span><math><mover><mn>1</mn><mo>¯</mo></mover></math></span>0)<sub>T</sub> interfaces and (0001)<sub>M</sub>||(10<span><math><mover><mn>1</mn><mo>¯</mo></mover></math></span>3)<sub>T</sub> steps. Due to local heating associated with plastic work, reverse martensite transformation from hcp to fcc occurs in twins and the adjacent matrix through two paths, but their paths in twin and matrix are correlated to each other across TBs. These findings enrich the knowledge of deformation twinning in hcp metals and alloys.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":423,"journal":{"name":"Scripta Materialia","volume":"264 ","pages":"Article 116700"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143844825","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Enhancement of ductility in low temperature regimes via detwinning in Mg alloys","authors":"Hidetoshi Somekawa , Yoshinori Ono , Kimiyoshi Naito , Alok Singh","doi":"10.1016/j.scriptamat.2025.116694","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scriptamat.2025.116694","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Effect of pre-induced {10<span><math><mover><mn>1</mn><mo>¯</mo></mover></math></span>2} twin boundaries on tensile response at low temperatures of 77 K ∼ 293 K is examined in the Mg-Al-Zn alloys. Irrespective of temperatures, the specimens containing twins exhibit lower yield strength than those of specimens without twins, due to detwinning behavior. However, the ductility and absorption properties are significantly enhanced by the presence of these twins. This is owing to existences of dislocations with 〈c〉 component, which are generated by dislocation transformation through twin boundary migration. The pre-induced twin boundaries with 〈c〉 and/or 〈<em>c</em> + <em>a</em>〉 dislocations play a role in relaxation of strain accumulation as well as compensation of slip systems; thus, leading to retardation of localized necking. The twin boundaries with control of interfacial structures break a negative notion that twins are harmful for mechanical properties relating to ductility. This strategy can open a door for new microstructural design of Mg alloys.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":423,"journal":{"name":"Scripta Materialia","volume":"264 ","pages":"Article 116694"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143838070","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Scripta MaterialiaPub Date : 2025-04-17DOI: 10.1016/j.scriptamat.2025.116691
Qingbo Yang , Chunan Li , Lipeng Ding , Zhihong Jia , Yanjun Li
{"title":"Revealing the atomic ordering in the Al-Cu sub-lattice of T1 phases in Al-Cu-Li alloys","authors":"Qingbo Yang , Chunan Li , Lipeng Ding , Zhihong Jia , Yanjun Li","doi":"10.1016/j.scriptamat.2025.116691","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scriptamat.2025.116691","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Al and Cu atom ordering within the Al-Cu sub-lattices of the T<sub>1</sub> phase have been unambiguously determined by a combination of high-angle annular dark-field scanning transmission electron microscopy (HAADF-STEM), atomic-resolution energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), STEM simulations, cluster expansion (CE) methods and density functional theory (DFT) calculations. A new ordered arrangement of Al and Cu atoms within the Al-Cu sub-lattices has been proposed. These dual Al-Cu layers exhibit orthorhombic symmetry with an AlCu<sub>2</sub> stoichiometry, which plays a crucial role in defining the crystal structure of the T<sub>1</sub> phase. This configuration is different from disordered or ordered atomic arrangements of the Al-Cu sub-lattices reported in previous literature. Moreover, a new T<sub>1</sub> model with the composition of Al<sub>6</sub>Cu<sub>4</sub>Li<sub>3</sub> is proposed based on the new Al-Cu sub-lattices, which demonstrates thermodynamic feasibility.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":423,"journal":{"name":"Scripta Materialia","volume":"264 ","pages":"Article 116691"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143838069","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Scripta MaterialiaPub Date : 2025-04-16DOI: 10.1016/j.scriptamat.2025.116701
Jaemun Park , Beopgil Cho , Ji Seop Oh , Jungmin Lee , Taeseong Rhee , Donghui Lu , Makoto Hashimoto , Jaewook Kim , Keeseong Park
{"title":"Zr3Mn3Sn4Ga: A new hetero-kagome bilayer antiferromagnet","authors":"Jaemun Park , Beopgil Cho , Ji Seop Oh , Jungmin Lee , Taeseong Rhee , Donghui Lu , Makoto Hashimoto , Jaewook Kim , Keeseong Park","doi":"10.1016/j.scriptamat.2025.116701","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scriptamat.2025.116701","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We report the magnetic and electrical transport properties of single-crystalline Zr<sub>3</sub>Mn<sub>3</sub>Sn<sub>4</sub>Ga, featuring two distinct kagome lattices: a non-magnetic breathing Zr<sub>3</sub>Sn<sub>4</sub> lattice and a magnetic intact Mn<sub>3</sub>Ga lattice. The material undergoes an antiferromagnetic phase transition at <em>T</em><sub>N</sub> = 87 K, with neutron diffraction confirming commensurate ordering characterized by <em>k</em> = (1/3,1/3,0). Transport measurements show metallic behavior, a resistivity anomaly near <em>T</em><sub>N</sub>, and 12 % magnetoresistance at 2 K under 9 T Deviations from the conventional second-order power law, along with negative magnetoresistance and nonlinear Hall slope variations near <em>T</em><sub>N</sub>, suggest strong magneto-electronic coupling. Resonant photoemission spectroscopy identifies Zr 4<em>d</em> and Mn 3<em>d</em> orbitals as dominant contributors to the valence band, linking the material's unique electronic properties to its kagome layers. Zr<sub>3</sub>Mn<sub>3</sub>Sn<sub>4</sub>Ga offers a valuable platform to study interactions between magnetism and topological electronic bands in hetero-kagome systems using the co-existence of magnetic and non-magnetic kagome layers and its tunable electronic structure.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":423,"journal":{"name":"Scripta Materialia","volume":"264 ","pages":"Article 116701"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143833456","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Scripta MaterialiaPub Date : 2025-04-16DOI: 10.1016/j.scriptamat.2025.116702
Zhenhua Nie , Qianying Guo , Jun Chai , Zitao Chen , Jianwei Li , Haokai Dong , Ran Ding , Chenxi Liu , Zongqing Ma , Xuezeng Tian , Hao Chen , Yongchang Liu
{"title":"Initial γ' phase formation mechanism in a GH4099 precipitation strengthened nickel-based superalloy","authors":"Zhenhua Nie , Qianying Guo , Jun Chai , Zitao Chen , Jianwei Li , Haokai Dong , Ran Ding , Chenxi Liu , Zongqing Ma , Xuezeng Tian , Hao Chen , Yongchang Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.scriptamat.2025.116702","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scriptamat.2025.116702","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The strengthening phases in Ni-based superalloys are the key structures for providing excellent high-temperature mechanical properties, and a current lack of understanding of the very initial step-to-step formation mechanisms for these phases hinders their applications in advanced manufacturing. Here we report the initial formation mechanism of the γ' phase in the GH4099 Ni-based superalloy, which differs from the reported classical and non-classical nucleation theories. Based on the experimental observations, preferable bondings between γ' elements will induce the Al-Al and Ti-Ti clustering, acting as the starting mechanism in the chemical homogeneous superalloy. This spinodal-like chemical modulation causes the uphill diffusion of the γ' elements into the clusters and reduces the energy barrier of the chemical ordering of the γ' phase in them. This transitional initial formation mechanism of the strengthening phase in this alloy will provide a foundamental theory to design the novel superalloys for advanced manufacturing and processing.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":423,"journal":{"name":"Scripta Materialia","volume":"264 ","pages":"Article 116702"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143833455","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Improving hydrogen embrittlement resistance in high-strength martensitic steels via thermomechanical processing","authors":"Xiaodong Lan, Kazuho Okada, Rintaro Ueji, Akinobu Shibata","doi":"10.1016/j.scriptamat.2025.116711","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scriptamat.2025.116711","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study proposes a novel approach for architecting dual-phase heterostructure to enhance hydrogen embrittlement resistance in high-strength martensitic steels while maintaining a tensile strength above 1200 MPa. Through thermomechanical processing, a unique dual-phase structure was achieved, characterized by a refined martensitic substructure and dynamically transformed ferrite grains along the prior austenite grain boundaries (PAGBs). Lowering the deformation temperature increased the ferrite volume fraction and the coverage of PAGBs by fine ferrite grains, which consequently reduced the area fraction of hydrogen-related intergranular fracture. Notably, 60 % compression at 700 °C completely suppressed hydrogen-related intergranular fracture, demonstrating an exceptional combination of strength and ductility even in hydrogen-charged state. The coverage of PAGBs by dynamically transformed ferrite was a critical factor in enhancing the hydrogen embrittlement resistance, with higher coverage correlating with improved hydrogen embrittlement resistance. These findings provide valuable microstructure design concepts for high-strength martensitic steels with superior hydrogen embrittlement resistance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":423,"journal":{"name":"Scripta Materialia","volume":"264 ","pages":"Article 116711"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143838067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}