National Public Law Review最新文献

{"title":"The Personal Liability of Member for Decision making of Representative Administrative Agencies","authors":"Hoon Jeong","doi":"10.46751/nplak.2024.20.1.135","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46751/nplak.2024.20.1.135","url":null,"abstract":"Where needs arise to perform part of duties independently, an administratve agency may establish a representative administrative agency, such as administrative committee, etc., as prescribed by statutes. Such a a representative administrative agency or administrative committee makes decisions in the name of committee. \u0000Therefore a member of committee doesn’t accept personal liability for decision making of representative administrative agencies. Nevertheless, there are a lot of cases where a member of committee is at risk of disciplinary punishment, criminal liability, civil liability for decision making of representative administrative agencies. A strict requirement for personal liability of a member should be established, even though decision making of representative administrative agencies is decided that it is illegal. It is such an example that certain member of committee manipulates, omits, overestimates, underestimates essential data for decision making by intention or gross negligence for one’s advantage or disadvantage or illegal decision making. Conclusionally, the personal liability of a member of committee can’t be accepted because that violates, independence, neutrality, fariness, autonomy of committee.","PeriodicalId":423802,"journal":{"name":"National Public Law Review","volume":"58 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140418266","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Study on legislative policy under the Resource Circulation Act on recycling of wind turbine waste blades: Including review of foreign situations regarding the need for the introduction of waste blades","authors":"Keechun Lee","doi":"10.46751/nplak.2024.20.1.163","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46751/nplak.2024.20.1.163","url":null,"abstract":"There was a time when the development of renewable energy sources such as solar and wind power was thought to be at the cutting edge of environmental protection. However, putting aside various social conflicts related to its location, concerns related to the efficiency of energy production, etc., legal and social agreements regarding the disposal or recycling of these renewable energy power generation facilities were ignored, and the era of introduction and commercialization continued. come. It was a phenomenon not only for us but also around the world. Many European and Western countries are facing their own risk of environmental destruction and are coming up with various policies and plans regarding this. Regarding the problem of disposal of waste solar panels and waste electric vehicle batteries, It is well known that we have taken steps to resolve this issue through legislative and administrative policies. \u0000However, in response to the aging of wind power generation facilities, especially waste blades, which have recently received the most attention among renewable energy materials, the EU and representative wind power countries such as Germany and Denmark are paying great attention to the government and industry regarding waste disposal, especially recycling, and solutions to the problem. has been pursued and is now coming to fruition. Unlike the case of Korea, which is stuck with the solution of simple landfill, global renewable energy companies such as Siemens Gamesa of the United States and Germany and Vestas of Denmark, which are actively introducing the use of materials as cement, are developing new products that can recycle blades at the disposal stage from the beginning. We are making progress to the point where we are developing technology to manufacture materials and announcing our success and plans for zero waste by 2040. \u0000In response to this situation, our government is not only reorganizing the basic laws for the recycling of waste wind blades, which are already causing environmental problems, but also establishing laws to promote research for technology development such as reuse and recycling, which are lagging behind Europe and the United States. Legal academia will conduct research on the limitations of the Producer Responsibility Recycling (EPR) system, which has already been introduced in the resource recycling law, and ways to overcome it, on the aspects of fiscal legislation such as the introduction of incineration taxes, and on local autonomy for cooperation with local communities. Efforts should be made to identify ways to improve the legal system.","PeriodicalId":423802,"journal":{"name":"National Public Law Review","volume":"85 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140423749","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Study on the Effective Institutionalization Measures to guarantee the Basic Political Rights of Public Servants: Focusing on the Cases of the United Kingdom, Japan, and Taiwan","authors":"Ki Woo Kim","doi":"10.46751/nplak.2024.20.1.105","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46751/nplak.2024.20.1.105","url":null,"abstract":"The act of expressing political opinions by public servants can be a great hurt to those in charge of running the state, but it can also be a great source of balance and a great driving force in the management of state affairs. While previous governments have focused on the former possibility and restricted the political expression of public officials, future governments may need to regulate by focusing on the latter, as will be the case in the countries below. \u0000The reason for guaranteeing the status of civil servants and demanding political impartiality was to provide an institutional foundation for them to carry out their official duties independently of the influence of the ruling party in a party-based state. However, what should be taken into account here is that the civil servant already has the status of an ordinary citizen before obtaining that status. \u0000In terms of the form of regulations on the political expression of civil servants in each country, there are countries that restrict the basic political rights of civil servants as much as possible, while there are countries that guarantee them to a certain extent, and there are countries that impose only minimal restrictions on the operation of state administration and widely recognize basic political rights. However, this difference in recognizing the basic political rights of civil servants does not lead to a difference in the management of state administration. \u0000Therefore, this article examines the process of restricting the basic political rights of civil servants in Korea, and examines whether it would not be better for the Korean government to accept civil servants as active agents of expression in the management of the state through the examples of the United Kingdom, Japan, and Taiwan. In the case of the United Kingdom and Japan, the basic political rights of civil servants are allowed differently depending on the rank or whether they are in charge of central or local administration, and in the case of Taiwan, the basic political rights of civil servants are allowed through a special law. It was thought to provide us with considerable implications.","PeriodicalId":423802,"journal":{"name":"National Public Law Review","volume":"39 17","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140419373","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Constitutional proposal to respond to population extinction crisis: Focusing on the diversity of family communities and children’s basic rights","authors":"Hye Young Jung","doi":"10.46751/nplak.2024.20.1.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46751/nplak.2024.20.1.1","url":null,"abstract":"In the face of an unprecedented total fertility rate of 0.78, numerous policies have been proposed. While short-term economic support policies may contribute to an increase in birth rates, their effectiveness is constrained by economic factors such as recession, leading to uncertainty about when increased costs might halt the rising birth rate. Population shocks can result in economic and security crises, prompting individuals to avoid childbirth or seek opportunities abroad. Consequently, adopting a distinct long-term plan and constitutional efforts to establish and stabilize a minimum total fertility rate unaffected by external factors is imperative. Approaching the population issue from a constitutional values perspective, the solution begins with understanding the future parent generation's views on marriage and childbirth. To address the national challenge of population decline, the focus is on diversifying the family community, the fundamental unit of the country, ensuring the basic rights of children as family members, and particularly, providing national protection for children born outside of marriage. \u0000To achieve this, the paper first emphasizes the need to redefine the concept of family for diversified family structures, utilizing a structural analysis of Article 36 of the Constitution. It then presents the current situation in countries that have implemented non-marriage registration systems. Second, the paper introduces the importance of ensuring the basic rights of children as family members. To lay the foundation for a happy childhood and adolescence, it aims to establish basic rights for children and eliminate prejudices and discrimination against non-marital births through new constitutional protection provisions. Finally, the paper suggests a direction for the structure of constitutional amendments if undertaken.","PeriodicalId":423802,"journal":{"name":"National Public Law Review","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140418288","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Study on automated Administrative Decisions and Due Process by Artificial Intelligence Algorithms","authors":"Nam Wook Kim","doi":"10.46751/nplak.2024.20.1.73","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46751/nplak.2024.20.1.73","url":null,"abstract":"With the development of science and technology, the administration is increasing the number of fully automated administrative dispositions by automatic electronic systems without public officials' expressions or intervention based on artificial intelligence algorithms and big data in mass administrative procedures. Article 20 of the Framework Act on Administrative Law Affairs stipulates that fully automated administrative actions can be administered by a fully automated system based on the law, but it is emerging as a legal task for legislators to regulate the requirements and limitations of fully automated administrative actions and securing procedural fairness in individual laws. \u0000It is also necessary to clarify the distinction between partially automated administrative actions and fully automated administrative actions by artificial intelligence algorithms, and to consider the limitations of automatic administrative decisions in discretionary and judgment areas. The German Federal Administrative Procedure Act does not provide an opportunity for hearings or an explanation of the reasons for disposal for automated administrative actions, and the British Data Protection Act prepares to object to automated administrative decisions. \u0000In this paper, legislation on fully automated administrative actions under the Federal Administrative Procedure Act in Germany, the Framework Act on Taxes, the Social Security Act, and the Battery Act, legislation on the requirements and procedures of fully automated administrative actions under the Data Protection Act in the UK, the concept of fully automated administrative disposition and the establishment and presentation of administrative agencies stipulated in Spain's 2015 Act on the Legal System of the Public Sector, Galicia's Act on Digital Administration in 2019. By considering the legal principles on the promotion of fully automated administrative decisions under the Act on the Simplification and Organizational Rationalization of Andalusia, it seeks implications for Korea as well as examines the issue of ensuring due process for fully automated administrative decisions. In particular, we discuss the application of the legal reservation principle to fully automated administrative actions by artificial intelligence algorithms, procedural guarantees and procedural fairness for fully automated administrative decisions, transparency and explainability, and algorithmic impact assessment.","PeriodicalId":423802,"journal":{"name":"National Public Law Review","volume":"17 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140419931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Issues and Normative Response of Artificial Intelligence","authors":"Byeongrok Kim","doi":"10.46751/nplak.2024.20.1.35","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46751/nplak.2024.20.1.35","url":null,"abstract":"Digital, led by ChatGPT, is triggering innovative changes in all areas, including politics, economy, society, and culture. It is the so-called era of digital deepening. Digital innovation brings infinite possibilities and benefits to mankind, but artificial intelligence (AI) technology or research field for realizing human cognitive, reasoning, and judgment on a computer. In this paper, we will use a mixture of artificial intelligence and AI. \u0000It is also raising various issues that did not exist in the past, such as legal personality and tort liability, product copyright, and job change. Along with the development of artificial intelligence, what is being raised is the issue of ethics of artificial intelligence. For example, if a biased algorithm such as gender discrimination or racial discrimination is inserted by an artificial intelligence robot developer, artificial intelligence robots will also have this biased idea. In this respect, it is necessary to properly establish not only the technical research of artificial intelligence but also the ethical aspect. Accordingly, major institutions around the world are making efforts to develop artificial intelligence in the right direction for mankind by establishing 23 principles called 'Asiloma AI Principles' in 2017. These issues have complex and diverse interests and are difficult to resolve due to the lack of a clear normative system, so it is necessary to improve social acceptance through the establishment of a new normative system (order). \u0000This article examines the prerequisites for establishing a practical new digital order and normative system (Artificial Intelligence's legal personality and tort responsibility, artificial intelligence's fairness and ethics principles and equality principles, artificial intelligence and judgment, artificial intelligence and jobs, artificial intelligence and copyrights), and examines the constitution and administrative law to respond to artificial intelligence. It is always important to keep in mind that “artificial intelligence cannot take precedence over the constitution and basic rights” when it comes to normative responses. \u0000Regarding the relationship between the state and science and technology, the Constitution stipulates that “the state shall endeavor to develop the national economy through innovation of science and technology and the development of information and manpower (Article 127), and the rights of authors, inventors, and science and technicians are protected by law (Article 22).” It is constitutionally declared that the state should actively plan, form, and lead in a certain direction for the promotion of science and technology directly. In relation to these constitutional provisions, the establishment and implementation of science and technology policies can be seen as an important duty given to the Republic of Korea as a democratic welfare state. Apart from private autonomy, it is urged to prepare a basic artificial intelligence law to prote","PeriodicalId":423802,"journal":{"name":"National Public Law Review","volume":"103 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140423574","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lee Syngman's Farmland Reform and Education Reform","authors":"Byeongrok Kim","doi":"10.46751/nplak.2023.19.4.75","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46751/nplak.2023.19.4.75","url":null,"abstract":"Although it is receiving mixed evaluations according to the camp's logic, it is undeniable that Lee Seung-man has succeeded and failed at almost every juncture of modernization in Korea. He himself was one of the chaotic modernization of his country. However, Rhee Syng-man is still an ill-fated leader whose credits are covered and only his mistakes are highlighted. Rhee Syng-man gave us a great gift of liberal democracy along with the importance of economic equality in a space of liberation from severe confrontation. His achievements were often distorted or overlooked due to excessive ideological debates. However, we can meet the decisive moments of Rhee Syng-man in the process of the birth of the Republic of Korea, ranging from the Manmin Community to farmland reform, the signing of the Korea-U.S. mutual defense treaty, and education reform, which led to the first step toward a democratic republic. Recently, the evaluation of the first President Rhee Syng-man has been newly made. The mood is to properly evaluate such contributions as the Korea-U.S. alliance and farmland reform. There is no doubt that the Korea-U.S. alliance is the number one contributor to preventing communization across the Korean Peninsula. Farmland reform is generally evaluated as an opportunity to transform society as a whole from modern to modern. If you add one more to this, it is a ball that laid the foundation for Korea's physical and human infrastructure. Rhee Syng-man made efforts to expand infrastructure despite the poverty of relying on aid. The present Republic of Korea is called the era of the most abundance in its half-million-year history. This era of abundance was not created all of a sudden one day. It is the product of more than 70 years of accumulation since the establishment of the Korean government. The secret to its success lies in making liberal democracy and a market economy the foundation of the state. Based on this, it succeeded in reforming farmland and prevented North Korea's invasion. The mutual defense treaty with the United States also played a major role. This credit cannot but be attributed to Rhee Syng-man more than anyone else. Based on this awareness of the problem, this paper will examine Rhee Syng-man's track record leading up to the enactment of the Constitution and conduct a constitutional evaluation of land reform and education reform.","PeriodicalId":423802,"journal":{"name":"National Public Law Review","volume":"573 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139204434","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Order Administration and Regulatory Reform","authors":"Sang Tae Kim","doi":"10.46751/nplak.2023.19.4.113","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46751/nplak.2023.19.4.113","url":null,"abstract":"From an administrative law perspective, policing does not only refer to the police in the formal sense, but to administrative actions that are practiced for maintaining order in various areas. However, as order administration is carried out in many administrative areas, regulations will expand accordingly for the purpose of risk prevention. As a result, there will be an increase in the infringement of fundamental rights of individuals. Even if regulations have traditionally been aimed at preventing risks, the purpose of regulations today is not simply about control. It also serves to guide the direction for development of society and functions as a driving force. In order to prevent risks, it is necessary to find ways to promote social and public utility by allowing t is study suggests the following directions for regulatory reform in order administration. First, checking the viability of regulations based on the unnecessity of regulations should be prioritized rather than strengthening regulations to expand the purpose of regulation. Second, unclear and unpredictable regulations should be clarified with regulatory reform. Third, regulations should comply with the principle of proportionality. In regulatory reform, the principle of proportionality should be applied to determine whether a regulation should be deregulated or strengthened. Fourth, the criteria, procedures, and methods to be considered in the regulatory reform process should be fully discussed in advance. The relevant procedures and methods should be designed to prevent arbitrary and subjective judgment on individual regulations in exceptional circumstances. Fifth, judicial control should be strengthened when active administrative actions for risk prevention and control are expanded. Sixth, the social costs of regulation should be fully examined.","PeriodicalId":423802,"journal":{"name":"National Public Law Review","volume":"579 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139204335","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Freedom of Professor’s Lecturing: Focusing on Study on the Decision 2014Do3923 of the Supreme Court of Korea","authors":"Sung Gi Hwang","doi":"10.46751/nplak.2023.19.4.47","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46751/nplak.2023.19.4.47","url":null,"abstract":"This paper attempted to identify the possibilities and limits of restrictions on the freedom of professor’s lecturing, which is a constitutional right under the Korean Constitution, through a commentary on the Supreme Court's 2014Do3923 decision. The core issue of the 2014Do3923 decision commented in this paper is whether the professor's conduct of lecturing by distributing press articles unfavorable to a presidential election candidate as part of the lecture content and method can be considered a violation of the Public Official Election Act, in relation to academic freedom, especially the freedom of professor’s lecturing. Among academic freedoms, which are constitutional rights guaranteed under the Korean Constitution, there is little in-depth prior research on the scope or degree of protection, restrictions, and limits on the freedom of professor’s lecturing. The significance of the Supreme Court's 2014Do3923 decision is summarized as follows. First, this decision is significant as the first Supreme Court’s ruling regarding restrictions on the freedom of professor’s lecturing and its limits. In particular, there were almost no court rulings or decisions of the Constitutional Court that directly address the relationship between the freedom of professor’s lecturing and positive law or deal in depth with the content, possibility of restrictions, and limits of the freedom of professor’s lecturing. In this respect, the Supreme Court's 2014Do3923 decision directly addresses the relationship between the freedom of professor’s lecturing and the Public Official Election Act, and argues in depth the content of the freedom of professor’s lecturing, the possibility of restrictions, and its limits. It can be positioned as the ‘first’ Supreme Court ruling that ‘directly’ addresses the possibility of restrictions, and its limits. Second, the legal principles regarding the restrictions on the freedom of professor’s lecturing and their limits presented in this ruling can present theoretically and practically meaningful judicial judgment standards in actual cases related to the freedom of professor’s lecturing in the future.","PeriodicalId":423802,"journal":{"name":"National Public Law Review","volume":"43 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139207771","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Study on the Profit of Claims on Teacher Appeal","authors":"Saeon Cheong","doi":"10.46751/nplak.2023.19.4.167","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46751/nplak.2023.19.4.167","url":null,"abstract":"Under the Teacher Status Act, the teacher appeal review system is a special legal system that can function very importantly as a pre-trial remedy for teachers' educational activities and illegal infringement of rights and interests. In order for the Faculty Appeal Review Committee to fulfill its legal and institutional functions, it is natural that teachers must have high reliability and utilization of the system. However, if teachers are not aware of the necessity of such a system, and they become distrustful, there will be no purpose for the system to exist. Therefore, in order to enhance the necessity and function of the teacher appeal review system, the general reason for existence of the system, the benefits of claims in administrative trials, administrative litigation, and constitutional complaints were reviewed, and the hearing, scope, and deliberation laws of the teacher appeal review committee were briefly reviewed. In particular, the expansion of the subjectivity of the teacher appeal is very consistent with the purpose of the existence of the teacher appeal system, the protection of teachers' educational activities, and the protection of teaching rights. Next, the Teachers' Appeal Review Committee plans to expand the scope of the claimed profits. Given that the disposition, which is the subject of administrative disputes, is expanding to general dispositions and that the subject is gradually expanding, it is necessary to expand the eligibility of claimants and claim profits to aspects of economic interests, not just power alone and power factual actions. The third is the expansion of the legal principles for hearing. In other words, it is a plan to expand the legal principles for reviewing discretionary power at the Faculty Appeal Review Committee. If the scope of the recognition of discretion is expanded beyond the logic of simple discretionary rights and the law on the deviation and abuse of discretionary power can be applied, the purpose of the existence of the teacher appeal review system can be greatly improved. In other words, I think that it will be a very useful and convenient relief system for teachers even if the target of teacher appeal is expanded.","PeriodicalId":423802,"journal":{"name":"National Public Law Review","volume":"84 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139199663","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}