{"title":"Applicability of Equations expressing Free-Surface-Groundwater Profiles","authors":"O. Iida","doi":"10.5917/JAGH1959.19.48","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5917/JAGH1959.19.48","url":null,"abstract":"This paper describes the applicability of the set of equations exprssing free-surfacegroundwater profiles over an impermeable layer. <BR> The theoretical steady free-surface-groundwater profiles are given by equation (5), (6), (7) and (10). The unsteady state profile is given by the finite difference equation (17) which was derived from equation (3). The steps in equation (17) must satisfy condition (23). <BR> The theoretical equations for free-surface-groundwater profiles satisfied the experimental data which were obtained by using a model sand slope for Re<4 and y<0.1. Re is Reynolds number and y is an average hydraulic gradient by equation (26).","PeriodicalId":422881,"journal":{"name":"THE JOURNAL OF THE JAPANESE ASSOCIATION OF GROUNDWATER HYDROLOGY","volume":"93 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115707522","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Numerical Analysis of Salt-Water Intrusion in Coastal Aquifer by Weighted Residuals Method","authors":"S. Tohma","doi":"10.5917/JAGH1959.22.22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5917/JAGH1959.22.22","url":null,"abstract":"A weighted residuals method based on Galerkin's finite element technique is applied to investigate the salt—water intrusion and dispersion in the coastal aquifer. The salt-water intrusion phenomenon was treated as the density-dependent flow of two immiscible and miscible fluids. <BR> The mathematical formulation of miscible density—dependent flow consists of the coupled form of the flow equation and the convective diffusion equation. <BR> The present analysis uses two dimensional quadrilateral, isoparametric elements with a linear basis function for piezometric head, salt concentration and velocity","PeriodicalId":422881,"journal":{"name":"THE JOURNAL OF THE JAPANESE ASSOCIATION OF GROUNDWATER HYDROLOGY","volume":"104 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115367718","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
K. Momii, K. Jinno, T. Ueda, T. Itoh, T. Hosokawa, F. Hirano
{"title":"Numerical Analysis on Saltwater Intrusion and Dispersion is an Unsaturated-Saturated Coastal Aquifer","authors":"K. Momii, K. Jinno, T. Ueda, T. Itoh, T. Hosokawa, F. Hirano","doi":"10.5917/JAGH1959.28.103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5917/JAGH1959.28.103","url":null,"abstract":"plied to the numerical computations on saltwater intrusion , dispersion and groundwater flow movement in coastal aquifers. In the present model, unsaturated zone is taken into consideration and this makes it easy to determine the position of free surface. It is shown that the difference between the theoretical solutions of fresh-salt water interface and the salt concentration distribution by numerical method mainly depends on the upward velocity component in the mixing zone. In case of the unsteady flow due to the excavation of the underground cavern , it is shown that the free surface above the cavern is withdrawn and the saltwater begins to move into the cavern due to the flow toward it. It is also shown that the discharge into cavern rapidly decreases immediately after excavating the cavern and then gradually approaches to the constant value. It is concluded that the","PeriodicalId":422881,"journal":{"name":"THE JOURNAL OF THE JAPANESE ASSOCIATION OF GROUNDWATER HYDROLOGY","volume":"45 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121536121","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Heat Exchange of Storage Type through Underground Strata by Artificial Recharge","authors":"T. Yokoyama, H. Umemiya, H. Abiko","doi":"10.5917/jagh1959.17.55","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5917/jagh1959.17.55","url":null,"abstract":"In the heavy snow fall area, Yonezawa, Nagaoka, etc. , they have taken a good use of snow melting pipes. But these are not sufficiently familiar to that district, for the water supply is poor. And so we have had an idea of a use of a stratum for a regenerator by artificial recharge and a reuse of repumped water for snow melting pipes. Injecting cooling waste water has been investigated since before, but water surface up-lift effects when restoration of injection and quantitative analysis for heat storage are not successfully studied. <BR> We have injected at rate of 0. 7m<SUP>8</SUP>/min for a month, and examined ( i ) the reason why we could inject, (ii) the up-lift effect near wells, and (iii) the regenerating effect, from isotrapy of the peameable, comparing the experimental piezometric surface with the ideal, and water quality and temperature change. <BR> The experimental field is situated in a southern part in Yarnagata basin. The aquifers are 40m and 80m in depth. The injection, the observation and the discharge wells are drilled at the corners of the 22. 4m equilateral triangle. In isotrapic confined aquiefers if the flow is subject to Darcy's law and the deficiency of the boreholes is negligible, thg steady state piezometric surface is given by equation ( 4 ) s — Q0/ 471-71 • In (r2/r2) = Q0/4r T. InC((x — a) 2 +y9/( (x+ a) 2 -+-y2)) . ........ .................. ( 4 ) where Q0 is the rate of both recharge and discharge, T is the coefficient of transmissibity, and 2a is a distance betweer the injection well and the discharge one, and a is 11. 2m. As the results, we have reached the following conclusions. ( i ) The effective path between the injection well and the discharge well cannot be formed, because transmisibities near the wells are almost uniform during 20 days of successful pumping test. So we may say that water was injected in natural state. (i i) The total amount of injected water in a month is 2. 4 x 104m8, nevertheless we observed *山 形大学工学部 **日 本地下水開発株式会社 (昭和49年11月18日 受理.昭 和50年3月9日 再受理) onlytheslighttrans至entde{iclencyoftheboreho1esbyprec圭pitationo{lron.Thenatthe injectionweU,theobservedplezomenticsurface圭shigherthanthetheoretica藍va茎ue,butat theotherweUstheobservedandthetheoretica霊valuesarenear董yequaLSimiarly,judging fromthechangeofwaterquahtyit圭struethattheequat董on(4)canshowthepiezometric surface圭nthecaseofs量multaneousrechargeanddischarge. (111)Thoughwe1nject2.4×10`m3waterat3.C,thed董schargetemperature気snotlower thanlloC.Itisrevealedthattheabove賛mentionedsystemcanbesufficiendyapPliedtothe snowmelt薫ngPlpedroadof6minwidthand100min三engththroughwinter. 1.緒 論 東北,北 陸地方 の豪雪地帯で は表流水 お よび地 下水利用 の消雪 パ イプが冬期交通確保に活躍 してい る.し か し,都 市化 に伴 な う水需要増大 のため,表 流水 は減少 し地下水位は低下 して,消 雪 パ イプの 普 及が困難 となっている. 水不足は む しろ全 国的 な ものであ り,特 に工 業地帯 においては,過 剰揚水に ともな う塩水化お よび 地盤沈下が広範 囲にわ た って発生 してい る.し たが って,こ れ ら工業用 水の節約 を 計 る た め,再 使 用(1)や造水(2).(3)および帯 水層での還元再使用く4)一(8)が研究.実 施 され て きた.こ れ ら深 層地下水は, 短期間では涌養 され ないため,揚 水を抑 え るか何 らか の方法 で洒養す る必要 があ るが,実 行 され てい る例9は少 ","PeriodicalId":422881,"journal":{"name":"THE JOURNAL OF THE JAPANESE ASSOCIATION OF GROUNDWATER HYDROLOGY","volume":"94 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126421888","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Effects of Urbanization on Groundwater Run-off of Small Rivers in Tama Hilly Land","authors":"Y. Ando","doi":"10.5917/JAGH1959.21.91","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5917/JAGH1959.21.91","url":null,"abstract":"This paper is a study on effects of urbanization on gronndwater runoff of small rivers in Tama Hilly Land . In winter, the authors observed groundwater discharge of small rivers in Tama Hilly Land. <BR> The basins of five rivers are natural and those of four rivers are urbanized From results of the observation, it was made clear that groundwater discharges of urbanized rivers were less than those of natural rivers, and volume of groundwater discharge of urbanized rivers depended on hydro--geological structure . 1ま えがき 1960年 以降,大 都市近効の丘陵地や台地では 急 激に都 市化が進 行 した.こ の都市化の進行の過程 で,各 地に都 市水害が頻発 し,都 市化に よる洪水流出の変化が問題 とされ,そ の方面の研究の蓄積は 着実に進んでいる.一 方,近 年,都 市化 して も,下 流の農業用水を確保す る必要性や,都 市内の小河 川を保全す るために環境維持用水を確保す る必要性 などか ら,小 河川の地下水流 出に対す る都市化の 影響の評価 も現実的な重要性が高まってい る.と ころが,こ の方面の研究はほ とん どないのが現状で ある◎ そ こで,筆 者 らは,多 摩 ニュータウンによる大規模な都市化が進行中の多摩丘陵 の西部の小河川を 対象にして,地 下水流出に対す る都市化の影響について調査,研 究を行な うことに した.","PeriodicalId":422881,"journal":{"name":"THE JOURNAL OF THE JAPANESE ASSOCIATION OF GROUNDWATER HYDROLOGY","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129750693","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
T. Yokoyama, H. Umemiya, Kohei Katsuragi, H. Abiko, Tadayasu Suzuki, Kyoichi Watanabe
{"title":"Thermal Pollution Followed with Artificial Recharge: Simultaneous Recharge and Discharge with Same Amount@@@注入.揚水同量同時の場合","authors":"T. Yokoyama, H. Umemiya, Kohei Katsuragi, H. Abiko, Tadayasu Suzuki, Kyoichi Watanabe","doi":"10.5917/JAGH1959.17.97","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5917/JAGH1959.17.97","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":422881,"journal":{"name":"THE JOURNAL OF THE JAPANESE ASSOCIATION OF GROUNDWATER HYDROLOGY","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129479682","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"霞ケ浦北岸台地.出島地域における地下水流動系の解析(第一報)","authors":"浩子 岡崎, 力山 石川, 静夫 新藤","doi":"10.5917/JAGH1959.27.157","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5917/JAGH1959.27.157","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":422881,"journal":{"name":"THE JOURNAL OF THE JAPANESE ASSOCIATION OF GROUNDWATER HYDROLOGY","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128692305","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Experiments on Characteristics of Soil Water Movement during Drainage","authors":"M. Taniguchi, Y. Sakura","doi":"10.5917/JAGH1959.25.139","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5917/JAGH1959.25.139","url":null,"abstract":"It has been pointed out that the capillary fringe plays an important role in the infiltration process. In the drainage process, characteristics of the capillary fringe has not been elucidated yet, notwithstanding it significantly influences the flood recession curve. <BR> The purpose of this study is to make clear characteristics of soil water movement during drainage and the influence of groundwater recharge upon the flood recession curve. <BR> Experiments were carried out using a soil column with a water table maintained at 140 cm below the surface. The soils used in the present study are two kinds of glass beads. Artificial steady rainfall were supplied to the top of the soil column for six hours. The experiments on the drainage process started when the steady rainfall stopped. Discharge, matric suctions and water flux were measured continuously. <BR> The results and conclusions of this study are summarized as follows ; <BR> 1. After the steady rainfall, the drainage front began to move faster downward than the wetting front in the infiltration process. When the drainage front reached the upper boundary of the saturated capillary water zone, it disappeared and the recession of discharge began instantaneously. <BR> 2. The soil water zone above the water table is divided into two zones during drainage. One is the water zone that the gradient of the total head maintains unity, and the other is that the gradient approaches zero. A break point in the profiles of total head moved upward with advancing of the drainage process from the upper boundary of the saturated capillary water zone to the upper boundary of the unsaturated capillary water zone. <BR> 3. It was found that the flood recession curve can be estimated from the equation of soil water movement considering gravitational term without diffusion term, if we determine hydraulic conductivity, water content in the suspended water zone and the depth of a break point in the profile of total head changed with time. 本稿は1983年度日本地理学会春季学術大会にて発表した内容に加筆 ・修正をしたものである. 筑波大学大学院地球科学研究科 千葉大学理学部地学教室 Graduate Student, Institute of Geoscience, University of Tsukuba Department of Earth Sciences, Faculty of Science, Chiba University","PeriodicalId":422881,"journal":{"name":"THE JOURNAL OF THE JAPANESE ASSOCIATION OF GROUNDWATER HYDROLOGY","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128811305","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}