THE JOURNAL OF THE JAPANESE ASSOCIATION OF GROUNDWATER HYDROLOGY最新文献

{"title":"On Artificial Groundwater Recharge at Dune Area in the Netherlands (Part 1)","authors":"H. Takamura","doi":"10.5917/JAGH1959.24.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5917/JAGH1959.24.1","url":null,"abstract":"Recently a great many researches and studies on the development of groundwater resources in foreign lands have been made in our country, but many of them are unpublished under all circumstances. Accordingly our country is behind other advanced nations in offering technicues on a high level and research data for groundwater resources. <BR> This paper presents a method of recharging water through the physiographic effects of the dunes in the Netherlands, which is one of the most advanced nations in that field, as an excellent case of developing groundwater resources in foreign countries. <BR> The deficiency of drinking water in Amsterdam gives an example of the unfavourable water conditions in the Netherlands, though the city is apparently rich in water resources. In order to solve this problem, the dune water recharge system, which supplies fresh water, has been developed. In the dunes the fresh water from natural precipitation gradually ousts the salt water because the gravity of the former is lower than that of the latter (Veen and Huizinga, 1976). <BR> The dune water recharge area has an area of 36 km<SUP>2</SUP> and about 55, 000, 000m<SUP>3</SUP>of the Rhine water is percolated there annually. As the annual recharge from precipitation there is 13, 000, 000m<SUP>3</SUP>, the total supply of water in the area is about 68, 000, 000m<SUP>3</SUP>. <BR> The dune water recharge system contains such installations as distribution pond, river water canal, recharge ponds, collection canals, filtered draining conduits, artesian wells, non-artesian wells, etc. Passing through those installations, the water goes to the indoor provision for purification. The total production of water in this plant is 62. 9 million m<SUP>3</SUP> (1975). 立正大学地理学教室, Department of Geography, Rissho University , Tokyo, Japan.","PeriodicalId":422881,"journal":{"name":"THE JOURNAL OF THE JAPANESE ASSOCIATION OF GROUNDWATER HYDROLOGY","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125272669","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Studies on the Salt Contamination of Groundwater at the Coastal Area in Chiba City","authors":"H. Takamura, K. Mori","doi":"10.5917/JAGH1959.18.9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5917/JAGH1959.18.9","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":422881,"journal":{"name":"THE JOURNAL OF THE JAPANESE ASSOCIATION OF GROUNDWATER HYDROLOGY","volume":"65 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121460660","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Defense of Groundwater Reservoir from Saline Water Intrusion by Semi-Permeable Partially Intercepting Barrier","authors":"S. Sugio, Kiyoshi Tomari","doi":"10.5917/jagh1959.26.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5917/jagh1959.26.1","url":null,"abstract":"Some constructions of the groundwater reservoir are projected in order to obtain the irrigation water at oceanic islands in Okinawa Prefecture. This groundwater reservoir is darned up by a grouting subsurface barrier with practical restrictions on permeability and depth. <BR> This report treats a usefulness of the semi—permeable and partially intercepting barrier on defending the groundwater reservoir from intrusion of saline water. Two types of the barrier are considered, one is submerged type and the other is floating one. On each type, next technical problems are examined; 1) The possibility of the defense from intrusion of saline water by the barrier. 2 ) The difference of the defense caused by the degree of an improvement on permeability. 3 ) The comparison on the defensive effects between the two types. <BR> On the above problems, the following results are derivered from the numerical calculations on two dimensional and two-phase'groundwater flow in steady condition. Possibility; the effective defense is confirmed by the semi—permeable and partially intercepting barrier. Permeability; the barrier improved 1/4 times as much as the aquifer does not display defensive effects, the difference of the defensive effects is not evident between the barrier improved 1/400 times and one improved 1/4000 times. Comparison of the structural types; though the floating barrier has the hazard of saline water intrusion in downstream region, one is useful for the defense of the groundwater reservoir . It is also clarified that the defensive effect of the floating barrier works in proportion to the ratio of the intercepting height of the barrier to the height of the aquifer .","PeriodicalId":422881,"journal":{"name":"THE JOURNAL OF THE JAPANESE ASSOCIATION OF GROUNDWATER HYDROLOGY","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129031519","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Influence of the Activity of the Usu Volcano in 1977 on the Toya Hot Springs, Hokkaido","authors":"Hisanosuke Yamaguchi, Tasaburo Horitsu, Hideaki Numao","doi":"10.5917/JAGH1959.22.105","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5917/JAGH1959.22.105","url":null,"abstract":"Variations in temperature, water level and chemical composition of the Toya hot springs due to the activity of the Usu double volcano in 1977 were investigated. Following results were obtained in 1978. <BR> Temperatures of hot springs investigated increased gradually during a series of the phreatic explosions that followed on the initial explosions. <BR> The water level of them rised more or less in the area keeped relatively high temperature. <BR> By the variation of chemical composition in water, the hot springs in the Toya area can be divided into two groups ; one is characterized by the increase in both chloride concentration and water temperature ; the othes by the increase in bicarbonate content but the decrease in pH.","PeriodicalId":422881,"journal":{"name":"THE JOURNAL OF THE JAPANESE ASSOCIATION OF GROUNDWATER HYDROLOGY","volume":"91 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131260181","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Theoretical Changes of Phreatic Level, and their Relation on Earthquake","authors":"Keiichi Kodai","doi":"10.5917/jagh1959.18.71","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5917/jagh1959.18.71","url":null,"abstract":"From latest foreighn reports concerning water-level fluctuations we learnt about the relations of physical parameters to phreatic level changes, and about the seismic relation also in comparison with hydroghraph data recoroed by a conventional recorder. The resuls is suggested that the level in a water well open to an artesian apuifer won't responods either to the changes of earth tide or to precursory phenomena of earthquake, because many of the apuifers in Japan have, in general, larger specific strage. 1.は じめに 筆者はかって,臨 海平野部における井水位変動の全国的なデータについて,形 態的お よび地域的な 関係を検討 し把握 した ことがあるが,地 下水 と関係する物理的変数間の理論的関係について深 く立ち 入 らないきらいがあった◎ 今回,水 位研究に関する諸外国の優れた幾つかの文献をもとに,被 圧面水位変化の理論的に解 って いる事項を整理し,こ のうちの基本的な部分について触れる他,地 震の伝播およびサイクルの理論 と 既存データとの比較をしなが ら,地 震 と井水位変動 との関係について も検討する◎ 2.一 般的井水位変動について 被圧面水位は,自 由面水位 とは異な り,そ の変動は,も し抗井の施工状態が完全ならば降水一河川 水,湖 沼水,融 雪水,灌 溜用水等による直接的な浸透ならびに蒸発の量 とは無関係で,も し関係あ り とするな らば,間 接的な滴養源水 としてである◎ したが って被圧面水位のおもな変動は,気 圧,海 洋 潮汐,地 殻潮汐,揚 水,問 接的滴養の5つ の現象に影響される◎(注)し かしなが ら,完 全な被圧面 状態の井戸ばか りが実際上あるわけではないので,こ の点留意する必要がある◎ 被圧面水位は,被 圧面地下水の水頭圧力を表わす ことはい うまで もないが,被 圧面状態にあるとい うことは,理 論的にみて,同 時に弾性的にあるとい うことであ り,こ れには地層 と流体2の つが関係 す る.弾 性係数(β)は,透 水係数(の に正比例する他,地 層の弾性係数や透水係数 と関係の深い ところ の被圧面水位下の有効間隙率(n)と も正比例する.そ して,圧 力伝達係数(k)と 流体密度(γ)の 相乗ま *地 質調査所 ((昭 和51年7月10日 受理) たは地層密度などに反比例する.(β=k/kγ). 揚水 他方,水 位変動は,こ の透水係数と帯水層厚(M)の 相乗(透 水量係数)に 関係すること は よく知 られている◎すなわち,帯 水層中の水位降下(s)は,井 戸か らの揚水量(Ω)に 正比例し 透水量係数に反比例する(svΩ/kM). 気圧 気圧の増大で水位が低下することもよく知 られている現象である◎Tacob(1940)は,気 圧効率(B)と 貯留係数(S)の 間の関係式(B=γgn/EwS,但 し,Ewは 流体容量モジュール)を 示した 他に,B=dp/dp.(但 し,PBは1~0の 間で変化す る気圧,そ してdpは 帯水層中の流体圧力変化) の関係を示 した. 海洋潮汐 内陸の水位は,海 洋潮汐変動に起因す る重力変化を,先 に説明した圧力伝達のかたち で影響を うけて変動することもよく知 られた現象である. 地殼潮汐 水位変化に影響を与える潮汐には,先 の海洋潮汐の他に,地 殻潮汐がある.弾 性状態 にある帯水層は,先 に説明したTacobの 両式か らDewiestが 導出した気圧変化による膨脹式(4B =BdPB〔(1-n)/EM十n/Ew)但 し,EMは 帯水層マ トリックスの容量モジュPtル)を みてわかるよ うに,気 圧変化によって膨脹する他に,地 殻潮汐によっても膨脹する◎すなわち,Robinsonら(19 71)は,先 のTacobの 両式の関係か ら,水 位変化(-dh)と 地殻潮汐による帯水層の膨脹(a,)と の 間には,比 貯留量と共に,△t=一 一Ss.dhの 関係があることを示 した. 海岸から離れた内陸で,し か も地質構造的にみても,海 水 とは全 く遮断されていて無関係な帯水層 り り の の の の の の の の の の の の の の水位は,そ の変動の振巾がす こぶる小 さく,そ して位相差も異なるのだが,海 洋潮汐 と類似 した一 日2回 の上下動を反復する場合がある◎ わが国では,こ のような実例や,こ れに関係した報告例はまだないのであるが,外 国では,古 くは 1880年 にKlonneが チエ コスロバキヤのot鉱 山中の水位変動か らこれを指摘 してお り,以 来10数 編 に亘るこれに関係した報告が夫々の研究者によりなされている◎ 先の文章中,下 線を付 した部分,す なわち,水 位変動の振 巾がすこぶる小さい とい うのは,貯 留性 の小さかったか裂水中の水位でさえもである.地 下水 と最も関係の深い ところの臨海平野部中の貯留 性が比較的に大きい均質有孔性帯水層を貫入する掘抜井戸の水位変動では,こ れ と反対の性質をもつ 裂か水の水位変動に比べて,先 の式(4戸 一Ss.dh)か らみてもわ かるように,振 巾が小さくなるこ とが予想されるが,実 際上,数 分の一程度の縮小率になるといわれていて,検 出不能に近いものとな る◎ おな,Love(1911)は,潮 汐ポテソシャルに関係する地殻潮汐による膨脹式を導びき,こ れにTakeuchi(1950)中 の数値をあてはめることにより,よ く一致する計算が可能であると説いている◎ 3.地 震による井水位変動について ある種の地震波が井水位を変動させることはよく知 られている.地 震波は帯水層に対 して垂直的な 動きと膨脹作用 とを与え,こ のどち らかで水位を変動させるが,膨 脹応答の方が垂直的動きの応答よ りも大 きい といわれている.一 般に,地 震に より井水位が応答する度合は,井 戸次元(径.水 位高. ス クリーソ長など),透 水量係数,貯 留係数,帯 水層の間隙率に より決定される他,地 震波の振巾. 周期や形によって決定されるといわれている◎ 地震の主要波には,P波,S波,ラ ブ波,そ して レイ レイ波の4つ がある.EatonとTakasaki(1 959)は,普 通深度の地震によ り発生する水位変動は,レ イ レイ波により生 じるとしている.後 に. Cooperら(1965)も また,レ レイイ","PeriodicalId":422881,"journal":{"name":"THE JOURNAL OF THE JAPANESE ASSOCIATION OF GROUNDWATER HYDROLOGY","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131708364","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"On the Investigation of Ground-water Veins in the Minazuki Landslid by Underground Temperatur Survey at One Meter Depth","authors":"A. Takeuchi","doi":"10.5917/JAGH1959.20.161","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5917/JAGH1959.20.161","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":422881,"journal":{"name":"THE JOURNAL OF THE JAPANESE ASSOCIATION OF GROUNDWATER HYDROLOGY","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132925438","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Laboratory Experiments on the Vertical Water Movement Using a Stratified Two-Layered Soil Column","authors":"A. Marui","doi":"10.5917/JAGH1959.28.53","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5917/JAGH1959.28.53","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":422881,"journal":{"name":"THE JOURNAL OF THE JAPANESE ASSOCIATION OF GROUNDWATER HYDROLOGY","volume":"396 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122793077","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ground Water Quality in Riyadh and Its Vicinity","authors":"A. Naeem, M. Y. Alsanussi, A. A. Almohandis","doi":"10.5917/JAGH1959.26.46","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5917/JAGH1959.26.46","url":null,"abstract":"A Study of ground water quality in Riyadh (capital of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia) waters is presented. The chemical study indicates the presence of about 24 elements in these waters. Most of the metals and toxic elements have been found below the upper permissible limits suggested by various health organizations. The hydrogeological study indicates the source of these waters is two aquifers. The waters from these aquifers are found to be Ca-CI and Mg-SO4 type, and are believed to be of marine and meteoric origin. The waters from the Riyadh region are found to be suitable for drinking purposes.","PeriodicalId":422881,"journal":{"name":"THE JOURNAL OF THE JAPANESE ASSOCIATION OF GROUNDWATER HYDROLOGY","volume":"126 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128440282","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study on Groundwater Flow System in the Dejima Area, the North Kasumigaura Upland (1)","authors":"H. Okazaki, T. Ishikawa, S. Shindo","doi":"10.5917/JAGH1959.26.97","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5917/JAGH1959.26.97","url":null,"abstract":"Recently, attention has come to be paid to groundwater contamination caused by human activity. To cope with the problem, we must obtain the more detailed informations about groundwater-bearing condition and its flow system taking long strides from the conventional way of thinking. <BR> The distinguished mark of this study is the application of the sedimentary facies analysis to specify the groundwater system of the study area. <BR> Analysis shows that there are three facies to devide the groundwater and the characteristics of the groundwater flow is limited by the sedimentary facies and structure . On the basis of the facies analysis, the tracing of groundwater is carried out at the several plots using electric conductivity method. As a result, it is clarified that the velocity and direction of groundwater vary with the season, topographic locality and sedimentary horizon of groundwater.","PeriodicalId":422881,"journal":{"name":"THE JOURNAL OF THE JAPANESE ASSOCIATION OF GROUNDWATER HYDROLOGY","volume":"76 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127354765","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Groundwater Pollution Caused by the Seawater Intrusion and the Fertilizer Dissolution in Gogo Island","authors":"T. Kakinuma, Kunimitsu Inouchi","doi":"10.5917/JAGH1959.27.115","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5917/JAGH1959.27.115","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":422881,"journal":{"name":"THE JOURNAL OF THE JAPANESE ASSOCIATION OF GROUNDWATER HYDROLOGY","volume":"128 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128169730","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}