Science Bulletin最新文献

{"title":"Intercellular crosstalk within human preimplantation lineages regulates trophectoderm specification.","authors":"Zhifen Tu, Yan Bi, Tan Lin, Tao Wu, Hong Wang, Jingyu Li, Guoning Huang, Shaorong Gao, Yixuan Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.scib.2025.06.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scib.2025.06.003","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":421,"journal":{"name":"Science Bulletin","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":18.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144493307","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The day-one experiment at SLEGS: systematic measurement of the (γ, 1n) cross sections on ¹⁹⁷Au and ¹⁵⁹Tb for resolving existing data discrepancies.","authors":"Zirui Hao, Gongtao Fan, Hongwei Wang, Longxiang Liu, Hanghua Xu, Yue Zhang, Yuxuan Yang, Sheng Jin, Kaijie Chen, Zhicai Li, Pu Jiao, Qiankun Sun, Mengdie Zhou, Shan Ye, Zhenwei Wang, Wenqing Shen, Yugang Ma","doi":"10.1016/j.scib.2025.05.037","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scib.2025.05.037","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The Shanghai Laser Electron Gamma Source (SLEGS), built in the Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility, is the first versatile laser Compton slant-scattering beamline in the world. The measurements of ¹⁹⁷Au(γ, 1n) and ¹⁵⁹Tb(γ, 1n) reaction cross sections were chosen as the day-one experiment at SLEGS. The SLEGS data are compared with data from the Livermore and Saclay positron annihilation in-flight facilities and with data from the NewSUBARU laser Compton backscattering facility. Our data evidence discrepancies with the results from Livermore and Saclay, while demonstrating consistency with the data from NewSUBARU. This is also consistent with new theoretical predictions. The new measurement lays the foundation for resolving the long-standing discrepancies between the Livermore and Saclay photoneutron cross section data for 19 nuclei in the future. Gamma-ray beams produced at SLEGS await a variety of experiments for nuclear physics, astrophysics and nuclear data as well as for industrial applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":421,"journal":{"name":"Science Bulletin","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":18.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144537631","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Selective electroreduction of carbon dioxide to ethylene over stable iodide-induced asymmetric copper sites within a metal-organic polyhedron.","authors":"Yaguang Peng, Yinlin Chen, Zi Wang, Yaoyu Yin, Jiangnan Li, Huanyan Liu, Jiapeng Jiao, Wenling Zhao, Ran Duan, Pei Zhang, Jiahao Yang, Hengan Wang, Xueqing Xing, Zhimin Liu, Sihai Yang, Xinchen Kang, Buxing Han","doi":"10.1016/j.scib.2025.06.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scib.2025.06.001","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Porous Cu-based metal-organic compounds have attracted increasing attention for CO₂ electroreduction due to their well-defined porous structures and abundant metal sites. However, the classical {Cu₂}-paddlewheel moieties within these materials often show poor electrochemical stability, leading to structural degradation during CO₂ electroreduction. Here, we report a strategy to generate stable {Cu(II)·Cu(I)} active sites by iodide species in a Cu-based metal-organic polyhedron, Cu-TCBB (TCBB=1,3,5-tris(4'-carboxybiphenyl-2-yl)benzene), to not only promote C₂H₄ production but also clarify the real active sites of {Cu₂}-paddlewheel-based materials during CO₂ electroreduction. Cu-TCBB exhibits a high Faradaic efficiency (FE) of 73.1% towards C₂H₄ at -1.1 V vs. reversible hydrogen electrode (RHE) in 0.1 mol L^-1 CsI aqueous solution, outperforming all porous metal-organic compounds to date. The presence of iodide-induced {Cu(II)·Cu(I)} sites was verified through in situ synchrotron X-ray diffraction and absorption spectroscopy, electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy, coupled with modelling, shedding light on the mechanism of CO₂ electroreduction over unique {Cu(II)·Cu(I)} sites.</p>","PeriodicalId":421,"journal":{"name":"Science Bulletin","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":18.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144493309","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reward-modulated spike-timing-dependent plasticity in van der Waals ferroelectric memtransistor for robotic recognition and tracking.","authors":"Yi Cao, Jinhao Liang, Tao Liu, Weihui Sang, Yang Gan, Honghong Li, Yue Wang, Zheng Ren, Yuan Yu, Zhou Xin, Yukang Chen, Xumeng Zhang, Du Xiang, Qi Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.scib.2025.05.044","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scib.2025.05.044","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Reward-modulated spike-timing-dependent plasticity (R-STDP) is a promising biomimetic learning rule in neuromorphic intelligent systems for implementing tasks in variable environments. Nevertheless, realizing R-STDP in a single synaptic device for building compact and energy-efficient neuromorphic systems remains challenging. Here, we report a two-dimensional ferroelectric memtransistor to emulate the R-STDP learning rule by effectively reconfiguring the STDP and anti-STDP. The thermionic emission and tunneling behavior of charges at the ferroelectric interface can be regulated via vertical electric field in a multi-terminal manner, allowing for controllable polarization reversal of synaptic plasticity and transition between STDP and anti-STDP. This enables faithful realization of the R-STDP feature in a single device with energy consumption of ∼1.3 nJ (the lowest known to date), approximately 10⁶ times lower than that of its complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) counterpart. By leveraging the synaptic characteristics in the hardware device, we construct spiking neural networks (SNNs) trained with R-STDP to perform robotic recognition and tracking tasks. The SNN achieves 95.1% accuracy on the MNIST dataset using only 8000 parameters, and faster convergence speed requiring only one data batch with 100% inference in the few-shot learning task. Moreover, a robotic arm motion control system configured with R-STDP exhibits 85.5% success rate in tracking both the static and moving targets, illustrating its outstanding adaptability to the dynamic environments. This work provides a potential hardware building block to support compact neuromorphic systems for the application of interactive artificial intelligence agents.</p>","PeriodicalId":421,"journal":{"name":"Science Bulletin","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":18.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144482736","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Subgenual anterior cingulate cortex functional connectivity abnormalities in depression: insights from brain imaging big data and precision-guided personalized intervention via transcranial magnetic stimulation.","authors":"Xiao Chen, Bin Lu, Yu-Wei Wang, Xue-Ying Li, Zi-Han Wang, Hui-Xian Li, Yi-Fan Liao, Daniel M Blumberger, Francisco Xavier Castellanos, Eduardo A Garza-Villarreal, Li-Ping Cao, Guan-Mao Chen, Jian-Shan Chen, Tao Chen, Tao-Lin Chen, Yan-Rong Chen, Yu-Qi Cheng, Zhao-Song Chu, Shi-Xian Cui, Xi-Long Cui, Zhao-Yu Deng, Qing-Lin Gao, Qi-Yong Gong, Wen-Bin Guo, Can-Can He, Zheng-Jia-Yi Hu, Qian Huang, Xin-Lei Ji, Feng-Nan Jia, Li Kuang, Bao-Juan Li, Feng Li, Tao Li, Xue Li, Tao Lian, Xiao-Yun Liu, Yan-Song Liu, Zhe-Ning Liu, Yi-Cheng Long, Jian-Ping Lu, Jiang Qiu, Xiao-Xiao Shan, Tian-Mei Si, Peng-Feng Sun, Chuan-Yue Wang, Han-Lin Wang, Xiang Wang, Ying Wang, Chen-Nan Wu, Xiao-Ping Wu, Xin-Ran Wu, Yan-Kun Wu, Chun-Ming Xie, Guang-Rong Xie, Peng Xie, Xiu-Feng Xu, Zhen-Peng Xue, Hong Yang, Jian Yang, Hua Yu, Yong-Qiang Yu, Min-Lan Yuan, Yong-Gui Yuan, Yu-Feng Zang, Ai-Xia Zhang, Ke-Rang Zhang, Wei Zhang, Zi-Jing Zhang, Jing-Ping Zhao, Jia-Jia Zhu, Xi-Nian Zuo, Hua-Ning Wang, Chao-Gan Yan","doi":"10.1016/j.scib.2025.05.042","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scib.2025.05.042","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The subgenual anterior cingulate cortex (sgACC) plays a central role in the pathophysiology of major depressive disorder (MDD). Its functional interactive profile with the left dorsal lateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) is associated with transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) treatment outcomes. Previous research on sgACC functional connectivity (FC) in MDD has yielded inconsistent results, partly due to small sample sizes and limited statistical power. Furthermore, calculating sgACC-FC to target TMS individually is challenging. We used a large multi-site cross-sectional sample (1660 patients with MDD vs. 1341 healthy controls) from Phase II of the Depression Imaging REsearch ConsorTium (DIRECT) to systematically delineate case-control difference maps of sgACC-FC. We explored the potential impact of group-level abnormality profiles on TMS target localization and clinical efficacy. Next, we developed an MDD big data-guided, individualized TMS targeting algorithm to integrate group-level statistical maps with individual-level brain activity to individually localize TMS targets. We found enhanced sgACC-DLPFC FC in patients with MDD compared with healthy controls (HC). These group differences altered the position of the sgACC anti-correlation peak in the left DLPFC. We showed that the magnitude of case-control differences in the sgACC-FC was related to clinical improvement in two independent clinical samples. This targeting algorithm may generate targets demonstrating stronger associations with clinical efficiency than group-level targets. We reliably delineated MDD-related abnormalities of sgACC-FC profiles in a large, independently ascertained sample and demonstrated the potential impact of such case-control differences on FC-guided localization of TMS targets.</p>","PeriodicalId":421,"journal":{"name":"Science Bulletin","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":18.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144590147","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Implementation and topological characterization of Weyl exceptional rings in quantum-mechanical systems.","authors":"Hao-Long Zhang, Pei-Rong Han, Xue-Jia Yu, Shou-Bang Yang, Jia-Hao Lü, Wen Ning, Fan Wu, Qi-Ping Su, Chui-Ping Yang, Zhen-Biao Yang, Shi-Biao Zheng","doi":"10.1016/j.scib.2025.05.041","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scib.2025.05.041","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Non-Hermiticity can lead to the emergence of many intriguing phenomena that are absent in Hermitian systems, enabled by exceptional topological defects, among which Weyl exceptional rings (WER) are particularly interesting. The topology of a WER can be characterized by the quantized Berry phase and a nonzero Chern number, both encoded in the eigenvectors of the non-Hermitian Hamiltonian. So far, WERs have been realized with classical wave systems, whose eigenvectors can be well described by classical physics. We here report the first quantum-mechanical implementation of WERs and investigate the related topology transitions. The experiment system consists of a superconducting qubit and a dissipative resonator, coupled to each other. The high flexibility of the system enables us to characterize its eigenvectors on different manifolds of parameter space, each of which corresponds to a quantum-mechanical entangled state. We extract both the quantized Berry phase and Chern number from these eigenvectors, and demonstrate the topological transition triggered by shrinking the size of the corresponding loop or manifold in parameter space.</p>","PeriodicalId":421,"journal":{"name":"Science Bulletin","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":18.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144482732","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preconception maternal and paternal one-carbon metabolism homeostasis and perinatal adverse outcomes: a prospective multiple events case-control study.","authors":"Weili Yan, Yuanzhou Peng, Xiaotian Chen, Yi Zhang, Qinyu Yao, Xiaojing Ma, Wei Sheng, Guoying Huang","doi":"10.1016/j.scib.2025.05.043","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scib.2025.05.043","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":421,"journal":{"name":"Science Bulletin","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":18.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144482735","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Directly determine the electron-neutrino mass with sub-eV sensitivity by the decay of ¹⁵⁹Dy.","authors":"Ying Fu, Yuekun Heng","doi":"10.1016/j.scib.2025.05.038","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scib.2025.05.038","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":421,"journal":{"name":"Science Bulletin","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":18.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144504400","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chemically gated ion transport in two-dimensional heterogeneous membranes with ultrahigh metal ion selectivity.","authors":"Gang Yuan, Junjie Fang, Yukun Sun, Jiaojiao Ma, Hao Wang, Wanqi Zhou, Yu Jiang, Chongyang Yang, Zhihua Zhou, Rong Hu, Mingyang Xia, Konstantin S Novoselov, Hu Qiu, Sheng Hu","doi":"10.1016/j.scib.2025.05.040","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scib.2025.05.040","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Membranes are of particular importance in maintaining physiological activities, with crucial functions including selective permeation of certain ions. Such ion selectivity is achieved via complex molecular machinery to distinguish ions depending on their local physical-chemical environments, which are triggered by a variety of stimuli. Reproduction of such machinery in solid state systems is desirable for applications such as smart filtration, chemical sensing, and energy conversion, but remains a challenging task. We report regulated ion transport in artificial two-dimensional heterogeneous membranes, where the assembled polyacrylic acid macromolecules on the surface of functionalized graphene oxide membranes behave as a molecular regulator. The membrane exhibits chemically gated ion permeation, with the permeability of bi-valent metal cations tunable in response to the concentration of certain signaling ions. The chemistry gating effect is further found bi-valent ion-specific since it negligibly influences the rapid flow of monovalent metal cations. Molecular dynamics simulations reveal its origin as the high energy barriers required for reconfiguring the anion shells formed around bi-valent cations upon their entry. That also explains the observed mono-/bi-valent ion permeability ratio of up to >10⁴. Our work allows fabricating membranes with implanted biomimetic functions of adaptive permeability and selectivity, governed by the choice of components and their responses to the chemical environments.</p>","PeriodicalId":421,"journal":{"name":"Science Bulletin","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":18.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144300857","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Promotion of grain growth via solvent fumigation for wide-bandgap perovskite solar cells with low V_OC deficit and perovskite/TOPCon tandem solar cells with efficiency >30.","authors":"Xiang Liao, Yuanfang Zhang, Zijian Qu, Qiang Zeng, Mingjun Zhang, Jungan Wang, Yining Pan, Jie Yang, Damin Zheng, Zengsheng Liu, Linhong Li, Menglei Xu, Xinyu Zhang, Fangyang Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.scib.2025.05.039","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scib.2025.05.039","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In perovskite solar cells (PSCs) with a wide bandgap (E_g ≥ 1.65 eV), mixed halides generate poor-quality perovskite films and lead to a low power conversion efficiency (PCE) due to uncontrolled fast perovskite crystallization. Herein, we propose a strategy to regulate the grain growth of perovskite wet films by fumigating them in a dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) atmosphere. Due to the better coordination of DMSO with lead halides and organic halides, DMSO fumigation effectively prolongs the existence time of intermediate phases, which slows the crystallization of perovskites, generating perovskite films with large grains and a low defect density. Such high-quality perovskite films were used to fabricate 1.65-eV- and 1.68-eV-bandgap PSCs, which achieved champion PCEs of 23.19% and 22.38%, respectively. The former PSC showed a V_OC deficit of 0.391 V, representing one of the state-of-the-art performances for this bandgap. Monolithic perovskite/tunnelling oxide passivating contact (TOPCon) tandem solar cells (TSCs) were also fabricated using the optimized PSCs as front cells, achieving a champion PCE of 30.9% (certified 30.83%). This study demonstrates an easy-to-operate and effective approach to realize high-performance wide-bandgap PSCs and perovskite/TOPCon TSCs.</p>","PeriodicalId":421,"journal":{"name":"Science Bulletin","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":18.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144315682","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}