Science Bulletin最新文献

{"title":"Pathways and geographical patterns of international shipping CO2 emissions in the future","authors":"Wen Yi ,&nbsp;Huan Liu ,&nbsp;Tingkun He ,&nbsp;Weiwei Zhang ,&nbsp;Xiaotong Wang ,&nbsp;Songxin Zheng ,&nbsp;Xiaodan Huang ,&nbsp;Zhenyu Luo ,&nbsp;Da Zhang ,&nbsp;Kebin He","doi":"10.1016/j.scib.2026.03.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scib.2026.03.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Carrying more than 80% of the international trade volume, international shipping has become a critical challenge for achieving climate goals, yet prognostic approaches investigating future international shipping emission pathways and geographical patterns remain limited. Here, by constructing the “SEIM-forecast” (Shipping Emission Inventory Model–forecast) framework, we explicitly linked future international shipping emissions to trade demand, fleet dynamics, and spatial patterns and realized a multidimensional projection of international shipping CO₂ emissions under 24 trade-energy-technology scenarios. Overall, future international maritime trade demand growth alone is projected to increase international shipping CO₂ emissions in 2050 by 81%–96.9% relative to 2021, with other conditions held constant. Based on the fleet dynamic simulation, aligning international shipping CO₂ emissions with the International Maritime Organization (IMO) 2023 Strategy under increasing trade demand pressure requires advancing the full adoption of zero-carbon fuels for newly built vessels and accelerating fleet renewal. With the current average vessel lifespan of 25 years, full adoption of zero-carbon fuels for newly built vessels should occur by 2035. Extending full adoption to 2040 would require shortening the assumed lifespan of existing vessels by about five years (e.g., from 25 to 20 years). Evolving trade structures introduce strong spatial heterogeneity in future international shipping CO₂ emission intensity, with increases in the Gulf of Thailand (49.3%, 2050 relative to 2021), Andaman Sea (37.7%), and Gulf of Aden (34.4%) driven by South–South trade, and decreases along traditional fossil-fuel transport corridors, including the western Europe–Middle East–East Asia and Gulf of Mexico routes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":421,"journal":{"name":"Science Bulletin","volume":"71 8","pages":"Pages 2070-2082"},"PeriodicalIF":21.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147508564","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rediscovering behavioral sciences: from classic theories to modern frontiers","authors":"Daiping Wang ,&nbsp;Andrew Morozov ,&nbsp;Yuansi He ,&nbsp;Jia Zheng ,&nbsp;Shengkai Pan ,&nbsp;Xiangjiang Zhan","doi":"10.1016/j.scib.2026.01.071","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scib.2026.01.071","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":421,"journal":{"name":"Science Bulletin","volume":"71 8","pages":"Pages 1880-1884"},"PeriodicalIF":21.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146177144","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intelligent textile interface for robust multimodal biophysical sensing to enhance driving safety","authors":"Yuanyuan Zheng ,&nbsp;Qian Ye ,&nbsp;Haicheng Yao ,&nbsp;Yichi Zhang ,&nbsp;Huanhuan Liu ,&nbsp;Yifeng Zhang ,&nbsp;Duo Li ,&nbsp;Jingxia Wu ,&nbsp;Kun Zhang ,&nbsp;Songlin Zhang ,&nbsp;Xuemei Sun ,&nbsp;Zhaohui Wang ,&nbsp;Bingjie Wang ,&nbsp;Huisheng Peng ,&nbsp;Peining Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.scib.2026.02.055","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scib.2026.02.055","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Adverse driver states account for approximately 30% of global traffic injuries, highlighting the need for real-time monitoring strategies that remain robust under complex real-world driving conditions. However, current vision-based driver monitoring systems are constrained by occlusion sensitivity, environmental interference, and privacy concerns, posing a risk of monitoring interruption. Herein, we report a skin-contact, privacy-preserving intelligent textile interface featuring a topologically invariant knitted architecture that enables robust, continuous multimodal biophysical sensing in vehicles. This is achieved through intrinsic mesoscale structural self-adaptation to complex contact interfaces. The synergistic effect of loop stretching, twisting, and sliding within the textile architecture promotes uniform stress distribution, resulting in exceptional adaptability to irregular surfaces. This design exhibits a bending modulus nearly five orders of magnitude lower than that of traditional polyimide film electrodes, along with an approximately 21-fold reduction in skin-contact impedance. It delivers clinical-grade ECG waveform fidelity and quantifies grip force with a sensitivity of 0.348 kPa⁻¹ across a 1.25 MPa dynamic range. Real-world validation over 70 km of mixed urban traffic demonstrates real-time monitoring of driver posture and behaviours through 25-channel multimodal signal fusion, while integrated electroluminescent modules provide posture-responsive visual feedback. The textile interface also meets automotive durability requirements, withstanding 100,000 compression cycles, 50,000 abrasion cycles, and 7 d of thermal and chemical exposure (−40 to 100 °C, ultraviolet light, sweat) without signal degradation, confirming its suitability for long-term in-vehicle use. This study establishes a privacy-preserving, skin-contact paradigm for robust biophysical signal acquisition, enabled by a highly adaptive, topologically invariant intelligent textile interface.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":421,"journal":{"name":"Science Bulletin","volume":"71 8","pages":"Pages 2022-2032"},"PeriodicalIF":21.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147493411","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Large-scale parallel characterization of RNA-guided nuclease activity and specificity","authors":"Jitan Zheng ,&nbsp;Xueyan Wang ,&nbsp;Mingdi Wu ,&nbsp;Jing Liu ,&nbsp;Hu Feng ,&nbsp;Hui Yang ,&nbsp;Dali Li ,&nbsp;Haoyi Wang ,&nbsp;Jiazhi Hu ,&nbsp;Erwei Zuo","doi":"10.1016/j.scib.2026.03.047","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scib.2026.03.047","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>As systematic comparisons of editing efficiency and specificity seldom keep pace with rapid developments in RNA-guided nucleases (RGNs), the current study examined 50 such editing systems and characterized the off-target effects and genomic structural impacts of a subset of high-efficiency RGNs. Among them, AsCas12a-Ultra, LbCpf1, and AsCas12a-Plus demonstrated similar or higher efficiency compared to SpCas9, while the relatively high efficiency and small size of enOsCas12f1 together support its suitability for <em>in vivo</em> delivery. AsCpf1-YH and FnCpf1 exhibited the lowest single-guide RNA-dependent (sgRNA-dependent) off-target risks, whereas DpFNuc showed the highest. Genomic structural analysis revealed that enCas12f-HKRA frequently introduces chromosomal translocations, while Cas12j-SF05 poses a lower risk of such mutations. Notably, the high-efficiency RGNs were associated with translocation hotspots. Additionally, enRhCas12f1 and SpaCas12f1 had the lowest cytotoxicity, while enAsCpf1-HF strongly inhibited cell proliferation. This study establishes the first multidimensional performance evaluation framework for RGNs, providing a data-driven tool to support precise genome editing.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":421,"journal":{"name":"Science Bulletin","volume":"71 8","pages":"Pages 2044-2054"},"PeriodicalIF":21.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147607658","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comprehensive understanding of new particle formation in China through advanced modeling","authors":"Jiewen Shen ,&nbsp;Bin Zhao ,&nbsp;An Ning ,&nbsp;Wei Nie ,&nbsp;Chao Yan ,&nbsp;Yuyang Li ,&nbsp;Runlong Cai ,&nbsp;Alfonso Saiz-Lopez ,&nbsp;Manish Shrivastava ,&nbsp;Biwu Chu ,&nbsp;Da Gao ,&nbsp;Nanna Myllys ,&nbsp;Dejia Yin ,&nbsp;Hua Zhang ,&nbsp;Yang Gao ,&nbsp;Yuliang Liu ,&nbsp;Xuguang Chi ,&nbsp;Ximeng Qi ,&nbsp;Ying Zhang ,&nbsp;Yongchun Liu ,&nbsp;Shuxiao Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.scib.2026.03.012","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scib.2026.03.012","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>New particle formation (NPF) substantially affects air pollution and climate change. However, as an NPF hotspot, the mechanisms and impacts of NPF across broad spatial and temporal scales over China remain poorly understood, largely owing to the lack of critical NPF processes in atmospheric models. This study developed a comprehensive model that integrates 12 NPF mechanisms, including recent insights on various iodine–oxoacid-driven pathways and cluster-dynamics-based rate calculations. The updated model reduces model–observation discrepancies from around or over an order of magnitude to within ±30% across different sites and seasons. Simulations revealed that NPF over mainland China is driven primarily by sulfuric acid (H₂SO₄), dimethylamine (DMA), and iodic acid (HIO₃). Importantly, H₂SO₄–DMA nucleation is not only the dominant mechanism in urban atmospheres, but also a major contributor in agricultural and forested regions. Differently, the HIO₃–(H₂SO₄)–DMA mechanism contributes substantially in southeastern coastal areas, while iodine–oxoacid–H₂SO₄ pathways dominate in marine regions. High H₂SO₄ levels are identified as the main driver of eastern China’s NPF hotspots, with temperature governing seasonal variations. Correspondingly, NPF contributes 10%–35% of cloud condensation nuclei (at 0.5% supersaturation) in the lower troposphere. Our models and findings support comprehensive understanding of NPF over China, and are also highly valuable for studying NPF in other regions with diverse emission sources and land cover types, and thereby contributing to accurate assessment of the environmental and climatic effects of aerosols.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":421,"journal":{"name":"Science Bulletin","volume":"71 8","pages":"Pages 2083-2093"},"PeriodicalIF":21.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147508486","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bridging social-ecological impacts of protected area strategy through ecosystem services","authors":"Hong Jiang ,&nbsp;Jian Peng ,&nbsp;Zihan Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.scib.2025.12.055","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scib.2025.12.055","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":421,"journal":{"name":"Science Bulletin","volume":"71 8","pages":"Pages 1894-1898"},"PeriodicalIF":21.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146040164","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gram-scale photocatalytic benzyl alcohol oxidation via photon-heteroatom jointly promoted redox cycling over nickel-based Pickering emulsion","authors":"Shihao Du ,&nbsp;Run Shi ,&nbsp;Gongao Peng ,&nbsp;Jiaqi Zhao ,&nbsp;Lingsong Wang ,&nbsp;Feng Ryan Wang ,&nbsp;Tierui Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.scib.2026.03.029","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scib.2026.03.029","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Photocatalytic oxidation of benzyl alcohol shows great potential in benzaldehyde green production, but still faces challenges in exploring the excited-state reaction mechanism and improving the production activity. We report a noble-metal-free photocatalyst consisting of cobalt-doped Ni(OH)₂ nanosheets loaded with CdS nanoparticles, achieving a benzaldehyde production rate of 112.0 mmol g⁻¹ h⁻¹ under visible light irradiation, 9.6 and 4.9 times higher than CdS and Ni(OH)₂/CdS without cobalt doping. The enhancement originates from a photon-heteroatom jointly promoted redox cycling mechanism, in which cobalt dopants withdraw electrons from the nickel-based substrate and facilitate the transfer of photogenerated holes from CdS, thereby promoting the formation of Ni³⁺ species as the key intermediates for the oxidation of benzyl alcohol. The amphiphilic nanocomposite constructs a stable Pickering emulsion system, allowing fast diffusion of hydrophobic alcohols and water molecules to the catalytic interfaces. The system produces 12.4 g of benzaldehyde with 97.9% selectivity and 85.9% yield, showing feasibilities in sunlight-driven and gram-scale benzaldehyde photosynthesis and hydrogen co-production.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":421,"journal":{"name":"Science Bulletin","volume":"71 8","pages":"Pages 1976-1983"},"PeriodicalIF":21.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147508502","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular mechanisms and genic resources responsive to salinity stress and their applications in maize and other crop breeding","authors":"Yingwei Qu ,&nbsp;Juan Zhang ,&nbsp;Yuqian Zhang ,&nbsp;Yurong Xie ,&nbsp;Xiaocong Cao ,&nbsp;Jianing Li ,&nbsp;Zhihong Yin ,&nbsp;Jie Luo ,&nbsp;Yan Long ,&nbsp;Pervez H. Zaidi ,&nbsp;Xiangyuan Wan","doi":"10.1016/j.scib.2026.03.023","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scib.2026.03.023","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Soil salinization poses a global challenge to agricultural sustainability, crop productivity, and food security. In maize, salinity stress severely restricts root and shoot development, ultimately compromising yield and quality. Unlike the traditional descriptive structure, this review presents a method-validation-oriented workflow that summarizes the molecular and genetic basis of salinity tolerance and aims to integrate salt-responsive genic resources, mine candidate genes, and clarify their functional roles in maize. First, we synthesize independent studies on maize salinity tolerance and compile a curated set of reported salt-responsive genes. On this basis, we construct a regulatory network underlying plant responses to salinity stress, thereby outlining the evolving landscape of their genetic and molecular regulation. Second, we catalogue genic resources, including quantitative trait loci (QTLs), quantitative trait nucleotides (QTNs), and functionally validated genes, identify QTL/QTN hotspots, and validate a multi-omics integration strategy by mapping transcriptomic, proteomic, and metabolomic salt-responsive signals onto hotspot regions to prioritize candidate genes. Third, comparative collinearity analyses across maize, rice, wheat, and sorghum further reveal orthologous genes associated with salinity tolerance in maize. Through this workflow, we identify 19 previously uncharacterized genes involved in salinity stress responses, 14 of which are predicted to participate in three salt-responsive pathways: proline biosynthesis, ABA signaling, and the PEP bypass. Importantly, we further validate the practical utility of this review-derived prioritization by functionally testing two candidates using virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS). Collectively, this workflow provides a reusable, quality-controlled set of actionable targets for developing high-yielding, salt-tolerant maize and other crops through integrated genomics, systems biology, and advanced breeding technologies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":421,"journal":{"name":"Science Bulletin","volume":"71 8","pages":"Pages 2094-2114"},"PeriodicalIF":21.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147519603","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Boosting single-particle luminescence of nanoprobes via in situ enrichment of lanthanide fluorides in dendritic silica for ultrasensitive cancer detection.","authors":"Zhuo Li, Xingyang Liu, Shan Lu, Xingjun Li, Tao Dai, Yan Liu, Lijuan Liu, Hang Gao, Wenwu You, Jianxi Ke, Shanyong Zhou, Datao Tu, Zhuo Chen, Xueyuan Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.scib.2026.04.060","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scib.2026.04.060","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":421,"journal":{"name":"Science Bulletin","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":21.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147863266","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Design principles and selectivity origins of Pt-CuO_x interfacial catalysts for low-voltage direct electroxidation of biomass-derived compounds.","authors":"An Pei, Shuoshuo Fu, Peng Wang, Yun Zhao, Weiwei Zhou, Jinyu Ye, Yanyan Jia, Xue Wang, Jian Peng, Zhengxiao Guo, Guangxu Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.scib.2026.04.056","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scib.2026.04.056","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":421,"journal":{"name":"Science Bulletin","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":21.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147863276","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}