Science Bulletin最新文献

{"title":"From signals to action: bridging the risk assessment–response gap for emerging and re-emerging infectious diseases","authors":"Ying Shen, Da Huo, Liselotte van Asten, Zengmiao Wang, Julius Oyugi, Wim van der Hoek, Peng Yang, Hongbin Song, Quanyi Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.scib.2026.09.012","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scib.2026.09.012","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":421,"journal":{"name":"Science Bulletin","volume":"71 20","pages":"Pages 5137-5140"},"PeriodicalIF":20.7,"publicationDate":"2026-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149035745","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Emerging advances in multimodal AI in cancer immunotherapy: from multi-scale data integration to clinical decision support","authors":"Wenjie Zhang,&nbsp;Zeyu Luo,&nbsp;Kaijie Liu,&nbsp;Yuzhu Wang,&nbsp;Yongying Hou,&nbsp;Xiaotan Su,&nbsp;Xisong Wu,&nbsp;Cheng Miao,&nbsp;Qin Liu,&nbsp;Zongsheng He,&nbsp;Qiaoqiao Zhang,&nbsp;Guohua Wang,&nbsp;Xiuwu Bian,&nbsp;Bin Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.scib.2026.09.016","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scib.2026.09.016","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Immunotherapy is increasingly reshaping the therapeutic landscape of clinical oncology by inducing effective tumor regression and durable responses in various types of human cancers. However, a substantial fraction of patients resist immunotherapy, or even experience relapse after an initial response. Clinically, the conventional biomarkers often exhibit limited predictive accuracy and poor transferability across tumor types. These limitations highlight the urgent need for more robust, data-driven strategies to decipher tumor-immune dynamics and guide personalized treatment. Recently, artificial intelligence (AI) has emerged as a transformative paradigm in immuno-oncology, offering scalable solutions to decode high-dimensional and heterogeneous biomedical data. The evolution of AI can be broadly divided into six key stages: early machine learning (ML) classifiers, unsupervised representation learning, graph-based modeling of cell–cell interactions, multimodal foundation and biomedical language models, reinforcement and active learning paradigms, and AI virtual cells. At the molecular level, AI facilitates the integration of genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, and spatially resolved single-cell omics, supporting fine-grained reconstruction of the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME). At the clinical interface, the application of deep learning (DL) in liquid biopsy, digital pathology, and radiologic imaging has advanced response prediction, biomarker discovery, and early detection of immune-related adverse events (irAEs), driving personized immunotherapy. This review synthesizes recent progress in AI-guided precision immunotherapy across molecular, cellular, and phenotypic area. By outlining key methodological advances and translational opportunities, we highlight that multimodal AI frameworks can pave the way toward the more interpretable, robust, and individualized immunotherapy strategies for cancer treatment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":421,"journal":{"name":"Science Bulletin","volume":"71 20","pages":"Pages 5349-5380"},"PeriodicalIF":20.7,"publicationDate":"2026-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149056742","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Beyond 100 GHz bandwidth-efficiency product germanium photodetectors enabling 400-Gbps/λ optical interconnects","authors":"Xu Wang,&nbsp;Xiao Hu,&nbsp;Fangchen Hu,&nbsp;Jinwen Song,&nbsp;Fengxin Yu,&nbsp;Xin Wang,&nbsp;Ruoyu Shen,&nbsp;Chengkun Yang,&nbsp;Ting Xia,&nbsp;Haibin Zhao,&nbsp;Wei Chu,&nbsp;Haiwen Cai","doi":"10.1016/j.scib.2026.09.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scib.2026.09.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><span><figure><span><img><ol><li><span><span>Download: <span>Download high-res image (220KB)</span></span></span></li><li><span><span>Download: <span>Download full-size image</span></span></span></li></ol></span></figure></span></div>","PeriodicalId":421,"journal":{"name":"Science Bulletin","volume":"71 20","pages":"Pages 5155-5158"},"PeriodicalIF":20.7,"publicationDate":"2026-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148981868","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells and regenerative medicine","authors":"Manjin Zhang,&nbsp;Zhengshi Li,&nbsp;Xinyu Liu,&nbsp;Qianhui Ren,&nbsp;Qianmin Ou,&nbsp;Longquan Shao,&nbsp;Songtao Shi","doi":"10.1016/j.scib.2026.09.057","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scib.2026.09.057","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) continue to drive innovation in regenerative medicine, yet the field is undergoing a critical evolution from the early concept of cellular engraftment to complex paracrine-mediated tissue repair. This review systematically evaluates the core scientific questions defining this transition, highlighting the latest advancements in MSC biology and the rapidly expanding therapeutic frontier of MSC-derived extracellular vesicles (MSC-EVs). We critically appraise recent progress in decoding MSC therapeutic mechanisms, specifically their profound capacity for immune modulation and microenvironmental remodeling. By synthesizing current findings across diverse and challenging clinical applications—encompassing oral tissue regeneration, osteoarthritis, and complex immune disorders—we provide expert insights into the discrepancies between promising preclinical data and variable clinical outcomes. Crucially, we address persistent translational bottlenecks, including inherent donor heterogeneity, manufacturing scalability, and the lack of standardized potency assays. It is our perspective that overcoming these limitations demands a strategic pivot towards precise cell-free MSC-EV therapies and advanced bioengineering strategies. Ultimately, this review highlights key directions for future research. By connecting basic mechanistic insights with clinical demands, we aim to accelerate the translation of effective MSC-based therapies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":421,"journal":{"name":"Science Bulletin","volume":"71 20","pages":"Pages 5336-5348"},"PeriodicalIF":20.7,"publicationDate":"2026-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149073101","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ferroptosis-driven immune output: metal modulation of an iron-centered redox network","authors":"Liu-Yi Liu,&nbsp;Yue Zheng,&nbsp;Zong-Wan Mao","doi":"10.1016/j.scib.2026.09.025","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scib.2026.09.025","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":421,"journal":{"name":"Science Bulletin","volume":"71 20","pages":"Pages 5120-5124"},"PeriodicalIF":20.7,"publicationDate":"2026-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149023408","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mannan-based oral nanovaccine rebalances intestinal immunity against food allergy","authors":"Yu Miao,&nbsp;Qiang Zhang,&nbsp;Pengxing Li,&nbsp;Hanlin Zhang,&nbsp;Mengyan Wang,&nbsp;Linfu Chen,&nbsp;Zheyu Kang,&nbsp;Zhuyu Hou,&nbsp;Haibin Zhao,&nbsp;Xinying Lv,&nbsp;Yang Yang,&nbsp;Qian Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.scib.2026.08.014","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scib.2026.08.014","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Food allergy is an escalating global health challenge. Although oral immunotherapy is clinically promising, its efficacy is limited by gastrointestinal adverse effects, allergen instability, and transient desensitization. We developed mannan-decorated allergen nanoparticles (Mann/Allergen NPs) that protected allergen integrity, prolonged intestinal residence (&gt;8 h), and selectively targeted tolerogenic antigen-presenting cells in the small intestinal lamina propria. Mann/Allergen NPs exhibited uniform size, excellent stability, and enhanced dendritic cell uptake compared with free allergen. In mouse models of food allergy, the nanoparticles induced robust immune reprogramming, including preferential uptake by macrophage-like dendritic cells (DCs), induction of tolerogenic DCs, rebalancing of Th1/Th2 responses, expansion of regulatory T cells (Tregs), and marked suppression of jejunal mast cell infiltration and allergen-specific IgE. In a translational peanut allergy model, a single treatment course conferred durable protection for over four weeks while preserving gut microbial diversity and short-chain fatty acid (SCFA)-producing commensals. These findings establish receptor-targeted nanodelivery as a promising strategy for safe and durable food allergy immunotherapy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":421,"journal":{"name":"Science Bulletin","volume":"71 20","pages":"Pages 5238-5250"},"PeriodicalIF":20.7,"publicationDate":"2026-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148861192","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cascade of candidate spin liquids in a bilayer triangular-lattice antiferromagnet Rb2Co2(SeO3)3","authors":"Xiaoyu Xu,&nbsp;Yunlong Wang,&nbsp;Xuejuan Gui,&nbsp;Jun Luo,&nbsp;Guijing Duan,&nbsp;Ke Shi,&nbsp;Zhaosheng Wang,&nbsp;Shuo Li,&nbsp;Huifen Ren,&nbsp;Chuanying Xi,&nbsp;Langsheng Ling,&nbsp;Zhanlong Wu,&nbsp;Ying Chen,&nbsp;Xiaohui Bo,&nbsp;Xinyu Shi,&nbsp;Kefan Du,&nbsp;Rui Bian,&nbsp;Jie Yang,&nbsp;Yi Cui,&nbsp;Rui Zhou,&nbsp;Weiqiang Yu","doi":"10.1016/j.scib.2026.08.052","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scib.2026.08.052","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In frustrated Ising magnets, classical spin liquids (CSLs) with macroscopic ground-state degeneracy can survive against conventional magnetic order. Here we report the discovery of a high-field route toward spin liquids in a bilayer triangular lattice antiferromagnet, Rb₂Co₂(SeO₃)₃. We demonstrate that field-controlled dilution of dimers gives rise to a cascade of candidate CSLs within an intermediate temperature regime. These states are characterized by correlated Ising dimers and are found to exhibit a macroscopic residual entropy of <span><math><mrow><mn>1</mn><mo>/</mo><mn>2</mn><mo>(</mo><mn>1</mn><mo>-</mo><mi>M</mi><mo>/</mo><msub><mrow><mi>M</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>s</mi></mrow></msub><mo>)</mo><mi>R</mi><mi>ln</mi><mn>2</mn></mrow></math></span>, originating from doubly degenerate spin configurations. Owing to the interplay of intra- and inter-layer interactions, these CSLs are stabilized by lattice symmetry breaking, precursory to the low-temperature fractional magnetization plateaus. Such field-induced spin liquids can be understood as a consequence of generalized ice rules. In particular, the 5/6-plateau phase may host a quantum spin liquid ground state. Our results thereby establish a new pathway for exploring diverse spin liquid states across both classical and quantum regimes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":421,"journal":{"name":"Science Bulletin","volume":"71 20","pages":"Pages 5188-5194"},"PeriodicalIF":20.7,"publicationDate":"2026-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148975243","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Crossover from BEC-like to BCS-like behavior and paramagnetic Meissner effect in LaAlO3/KTaO3(111) interface superconductivity","authors":"Xiangbo Cheng,&nbsp;Zhihong Pang,&nbsp;Meng Zhang,&nbsp;Ming Qin,&nbsp;Yanqiu Sun,&nbsp;Yichi Zhang,&nbsp;Jingyi He,&nbsp;Guangyu Xi,&nbsp;Yanwu Xie,&nbsp;Jie Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.scib.2026.09.021","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scib.2026.09.021","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Superconductivity has been discovered in a variety of heterostructures, yet the general principles governing interface superconductivity remain elusive. Superfluid density, or superfluid stiffness, is a key parameter for characterizing the superconducting state, and its relation to the transition temperature <span><math><mrow><msub><mrow><mi>T</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>c</mi></mrow></msub></mrow></math></span> is central to understanding the superconducting mechanism. Measuring the superfluid stiffness of interface superconductors is, however, technically challenging because the signal arises from an extremely small volume near the interface. Here, we overcome this challenge by developing a highly sensitive two-coil mutual inductance technique compatible with a dilution refrigerator, enabling systematic measurements of the superfluid stiffness <span><math><mrow><msub><mrow><mi>ρ</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>s</mi></mrow></msub></mrow></math></span> in LaAlO₃/KTaO₃(111) (LAO/KTO(111)) heterostructures. Under electrostatic gating, the diamagnetic transition temperature <span><math><mrow><msubsup><mrow><mi>T</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>c</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>MI</mi></mrow></msubsup></mrow></math></span> first increases in proportion to <span><math><mrow><msub><mrow><mi>ρ</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>s</mi></mrow></msub></mrow></math></span>, then saturates beyond a threshold and becomes independent of <span><math><mrow><msub><mrow><mi>ρ</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>s</mi></mrow></msub></mrow></math></span>, signaling a crossover from Bose-Einstein-condensate-like to Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer-like behavior. We propose that these results arise from emergent granular superconductivity, an interpretation further supported by the observation of a paramagnetic Meissner effect under small applied magnetic fields.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":421,"journal":{"name":"Science Bulletin","volume":"71 20","pages":"Pages 5195-5202"},"PeriodicalIF":20.7,"publicationDate":"2026-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149015130","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bulk exciton–polaritons are back: room-temperature coherent polaritonics in a bare perovskite crystal","authors":"Feng Li","doi":"10.1016/j.scib.2026.09.037","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scib.2026.09.037","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":421,"journal":{"name":"Science Bulletin","volume":"71 20","pages":"Pages 5107-5108"},"PeriodicalIF":20.7,"publicationDate":"2026-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149079318","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metastable C–Mo–O/Ni sites mediate partial oxidation of methane via O* species-assisted C–H bond activation pathway","authors":"Zheyuan Ding,&nbsp;Xin Chang,&nbsp;Tingting Yang,&nbsp;Zunrong Sheng,&nbsp;Jianhua Cai,&nbsp;Junzhong Xie,&nbsp;Chunlei Pei,&nbsp;Donglong Fu,&nbsp;Zhi-Jian Zhao,&nbsp;Lirong Zheng,&nbsp;Sai Chen,&nbsp;Ding Ma,&nbsp;Jinlong Gong","doi":"10.1016/j.scib.2026.09.047","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scib.2026.09.047","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The partial oxidation of methane (POM) is hampered by the high kinetic barrier of C–H bond activation, which demands high operating temperatures, and catalyst surface oxidation induces detrimental deactivation. This paper describes that the dual role of molybdenum carbide (MoC<em>_x</em>) enables facile methane activation and imparts oxidation resistance to Ni-based catalysts. We found that MoC<em>_x</em> modifies the reaction mechanism by altering oxygen adsorption, becoming the preferred site for oxygen activation and thereby protecting the Ni surface. <em>In situ</em> spectroscopy, transient and steady-state kinetics, and density functional theory calculations reveal the formation of a metastable C–Mo–O/Ni interface under reaction conditions. This interface provides a mechanism of O*-assisted C–H bond activation pathway instead of direct oxidation or combustion and reforming POM mechanism, lowering its activation energy. Concurrently, MoC<em>_x</em> maintains Ni in electron-deficient metallic state, effectively suppressing its oxidation. It achieves ∼94% CH₄ conversion and 99% syngas selectivity during a 75-h stability test at 720 °C. This work underscores the role of transition metal carbides as functional oxygen regulators, where the formation of oxycarbide intermediates dictates catalytic performance. The philosophy for anti-oxidation stability could generate broader implications for heterogeneous catalyst design.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":421,"journal":{"name":"Science Bulletin","volume":"71 20","pages":"Pages 5203-5211"},"PeriodicalIF":20.7,"publicationDate":"2026-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149102380","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}