American International Journal of Social Science最新文献

{"title":"Rethinking ESP in Algerian Universities: Towards an Adaptable Materials-Design Framework","authors":"Nacereddine Benabdallah","doi":"10.30845/aijss.v8n1p5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30845/aijss.v8n1p5","url":null,"abstract":"One of the most fundamental concerns of post-secondary education is to improve teaching and assure quality through the promotion of research. The aim of the present reflective piece is not to support or challenge a theory but find out new and better ways of doing things. It is an attempt to provide a simple and adaptable framework in order to help ESP teachers at Algerian universities design their own materials in diverse areas and disciplines. This framework takes into consideration not only the learners’ real needs but their linguistic cultural and communicative competencies and performances. It has to draw upon authentic materials, real-world tasks, and methodology. It incorporates ESP learners’ own experience, confidence and autonomy.","PeriodicalId":421989,"journal":{"name":"American International Journal of Social Science","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130968186","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Madrasah: Quality and Social Change (A Case Study in Banjarmasin Indonesia)","authors":"Ahdi Makmur","doi":"10.30845/aijss.v8n2p9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30845/aijss.v8n2p9","url":null,"abstract":"According to Indonesian Constitution of 1945, every citizen has his/her right to get education. Consequently, Indonesian government has to provide educational institutions for its nation, like school, madrasah and other forms of non-formal education. Both school and madrasah are carried out in different management. School management is on the hands of the Ministry of Education and Culture, madrasah is managed under the responsibility of the Ministry of Religious Affairs. The difference, however, presents dualism of educational system in Indonesia. As the result, madrasah has no more progress, treated discriminatively, and marginalized. What a negative action it has, nowadays madrasah still exists in this country. The purpose of this article is to explain the quality of madrasah (plural: madrasahs) and their role as the agent of social change. This is a field research of qualitative-quantitative approach carried out in a provincial capital city that is Banjarmasin in South Kalimantan Indonesia. The madrasahs studied were 15 (n=15) with various levels and status including the founding organizations that are responsible. The data were collected by questionnaire, interview, observation and documentary. By measuring the eight indicators of National Education Standard consisting of content standard, process, outputs, teachers and non-educational staff, structures and infrastructures, managementnt, cost, and standard of assessment, it is finally concluded that the quality of madrasahs was very good, although a little difference found out among the educational levels of them, between the state and private madrasahs. In addition, by understanding the students mind set, value, belief, norm, behavior and their moral or ethics, madrasahs also have played the role largely and significantly in social change, except in some aspects which have been deeply rooted in their tradition like their belief on supernatural life, sacrality and irrational power, that basically have not changed yet.","PeriodicalId":421989,"journal":{"name":"American International Journal of Social Science","volume":"15 4","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120917807","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Study of the Chinese Immigrants Housing Heritage at Gedong Village, Bangka Island - Indonesia","authors":"I. Gunawan, Krismanto Kusbiantoro","doi":"10.30845/aijss.v8n2p7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30845/aijss.v8n2p7","url":null,"abstract":"Bangka Island in Indonesia is recognized by the Chinese as mentioned in old documents as early as the 3’rd Century. Around the 17 th Century there were large migrations from mainland China into Bangka Island, which was known as one of the largest tin deposits in the world. They came to open tin mining both as owners and also workers, and brought the technology to process the tin. At the time the demand for tin was very high as it is used for incense paper in China and tea packaging in Europe. The Chinese immigrants built their settlements with their own architecture knowledge and skill. These is supported with a very tolerate environment from local residence, where the Chinese are free to conduct their traditions, resulted in a nearly original Chinese architecture. Some of assimilations with local culture did happen. In some cases, there are influences from Dutch colonizer who build houses for Chinese people, who were politically given responsibility as the supervisor of other Chinese worker. One of this type of settlement is Gedong Village, located in Belinyu district which is still exist today, and is being assigned by local government as one of tourist attraction. However, there are no clear business scheme nor subsidized fund from the local government of how to operate and maintain the village and its houses as a tourist attraction. Hence the residence who wants to have better economy conditions left the village to move to bigger cities and most of them the start to sell the houses since the maintenance cost is too high. The purpose of this research is to study the remaining houses as of what cultures influenced the architecture of the residential buildings, and to document to preserve one legacy of Indonesian intangible diaspora culture","PeriodicalId":421989,"journal":{"name":"American International Journal of Social Science","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114993191","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pathology of Students' Cell Phone Text Messages (Case study: Saghez's Payame Noor University)","authors":"M. Janmardi","doi":"10.30845/aijss.v9n2p6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30845/aijss.v9n2p6","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":421989,"journal":{"name":"American International Journal of Social Science","volume":"51 5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122871491","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Scheduling Configurations on Social Studies Achievement","authors":"K. Vogler, Susan L. Schramm-Pate","doi":"10.30845/AIJSS.V8N2P4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30845/AIJSS.V8N2P4","url":null,"abstract":"The study looked at the impact of scheduling configurations on middle-level social studies student achievement. Results of South Carolina’s accountability assessment system’s social studies mean test scores, at the school level, from seventh grade students in 117 schools as well as a survey completed by the principals of those schools were analyzed. After adjusting for poverty, the highest mean score for all demographic groups was for those using the 61-79 minute block all year configuration. However, there was no statistically significant difference found between scheduling configurations used and social studies accountability test results. Findings do show a statistically significant difference between scheduling configurations used and principals’ perceptions of students’ preparedness for the next grade level in social studies.","PeriodicalId":421989,"journal":{"name":"American International Journal of Social Science","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127157648","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lyme Disease: Giving Voice to the Illness Experience-An Exploratory Descriptive Study","authors":"Heidi S. Kulkin","doi":"10.30845/aijss.v8n3p1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30845/aijss.v8n3p1","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this study was to explore and describe the illness experience of patients suffering with Lyme disease. A survey containing demographic and Likert Scale items (The Illness Experience Survey) was constructed and administered to patients suffering with Lyme disease. Descriptive statistics were analyzed to produce findings that: 1) described the participants in the study, and2) described the participants’ illness experience. The study concluded that the pain and suffering that Lyme patients experience is undeniable and that people afflicted with Lyme disease appear to be at-risk of disenfranchisement by society at-large and the mainstream medical community; thus, adversely affecting their illness experience.","PeriodicalId":421989,"journal":{"name":"American International Journal of Social Science","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122723937","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"“Young Slaves in the Land of Gambling” The State as a Helpless Viewer of the Struggle of the Youth with Gambling","authors":"Periklis Polyzoidis","doi":"10.30845/aijss.v8n3p3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30845/aijss.v8n3p3","url":null,"abstract":"While gambling is thriving worldwide, two worrying observations are made: first, the increase in the age span of gamblers from 33-55 years in the 1970s to 17-70 years in the present, and second, the unprecedent growth of online gambling, a field that young people feel very familiar with. We describe the general landscape of gambling in Greece and record both the intensity and the effect of this promotion on individuals aged up to 25 years. Primary data are drawn, on the one hand, by measuring the advertising time of gambling in the prime-time broadcasting of all national TV channels and, on the other hand, by a nationwide survey with a sample of 315 adults aged 25 years or less. The results are rather encouraging with regard to the present, but the possible effects of early exposure in future periods of the life cycle are still unknown. 1. Walking in the valley of gambling: The stakes of the gambling industry and the “pass” of the state Gambling is a global and timeless phenomenon whose principles remain the same despite differences from region to region or across time periods. The gambling industry has been experiencing tremendous growth over the last three decades, and this trend is likely to prevail in the future. 1.1 “Faites vos jeux” 1 : No state without a casino, no city without a derby People invented gambling games very early. Backgammon has a history of at least 4,000 years, and the first form of betting gambling seems to be similar to the contemporary “barbot” (casting dices). In the times when this kind of game was illegal, there were clubs where, in addition to the lookout man, was another person assigned with the duty to swallow the dices in the event of a police raid. Legislation on both land and online gambling varies from country to country and shapes the total value of the gambling industry in different ways. The global turnover is estimated at US $390 billion for the year 2016, 50 billions of which was related to online gambling. Gaming spending per capita is $916 in Australia, which has the world record, and is followed by Singapore, where the amount is $892. The US, having Las Vegas as the hotspot, scores third with $505 per capita spending. The landscape in the US is mixed, as some states promote and others restrict gambling. In 2013, New Jersey legalized participation in online gambling, and by 2016, the turnover of the industry amounted to $16 million. It is estimated that at least 65 million people are regular poker players in the US, while in 2007, more than $170 billion were played in Las Vegas, bringing $163 billion profit to players and seven billion to the casinos (Vintage Value Investing, 2018). The gambling market is also large in Ireland, where per capita expenditure is approximately $500. The corresponding expense in the United Kingdom that operates approximately 8,800 gaming stores with at least 170,000 gaming machines is $377. China allows its citizens to participate only in state gambling. There is concern abou","PeriodicalId":421989,"journal":{"name":"American International Journal of Social Science","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128319670","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Portrayal of Tuberculosis in Cinema","authors":"Sofia Gourgoulianni","doi":"10.30845/aijss.v8n1p9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30845/aijss.v8n1p9","url":null,"abstract":"Undoubtedly, art is intrigued by human pain, its’ management by man and its’ consequences in various aspects of his life. Moreover, creation and inspiration often result from difficult periods of ones’ life associated with grief and suffering. Infectious diseases which have taken the form of plagues, like tuberculosis, are also linked to these negative feelings. Therefore, they have also been a significant source of inspiration for various art forms. In this paper, we will analyze the relation between cinema and tuberculosis, examining the ways in which it has been treated in relation to human behavior in a number of different cases. Throughout history, mankind has suffered from plenty of infectious diseases which have shaped or even altered history and social evolution. A large number of them have been significant enough to affect how and where we live, our economies, our cultures and daily habits. Moreover, many of the effects they have had on people’s lives and their general welfare continue long after the diseases have been eliminated. (Whittaker, 2017). Illness, as a notion, in everyday life, is mostly linked to pain and constant suffering. Upon the hearing of the word disease, one is inclined to recall memories of grief. The disease in real life coincides with pessimism and seems to exclude the pleasures of life of the people affected. One of these plagues which has infected man and has been particularly connected to suffering is tuberculosis. Art has always been interested in events which have shaped social evolution. Moreover, it often depicts human pain and the various consequences it has triggered in the history of mankind. As tuberculosis has been an important plague for man, it has also been a subject for various arts, like literature, in the novels of Fyodor Dostoyevsky (Crime and Punishment 1866, Demons 1872, The Idiot 1869) and Thomas Mann (The Magic Mountain 1924) and fine art, like in Edvard Munch’s work in his paintings Dead Mother and The Sick Child (Grogaard, 2013). In this paper, we will analyze the way in which tuberculosis has been treated in cinema. As far as tuberculosis is regarded, it is, undoubtedly, an ancient scourge. It has plagued humankind throughout known history and human prehistory. Modern strains of tuberculosis appear to have originated from a common ancestor about 20,000–15,000 years ago. In Egypt, tuberculosis can be documented for more than 5000 years ago. Typical skeletal abnormalities of tuberculosis, have been found in Egyptian mummies and are clearly depicted in early Egyptian art. In addition, there are written texts describing tuberculosis in India as early as 3300 years ago and in China 2300 years ago. Tuberculosis was well known in classical Greece, where it was called phthisis. Hippocrates clearly recognized tuberculosis and understood its clinical presentation. “Phthisis makes its attacks chiefly between the age of eighteen and thirty-five,” he wrote in his aphorisms, clearly recognizing the pred","PeriodicalId":421989,"journal":{"name":"American International Journal of Social Science","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131640459","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Model of Integration of Policy Implementation in Poverty Alleviation in Enrekang Regency","authors":"S. Nur","doi":"10.30845/aijss.v8n4p9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30845/aijss.v8n4p9","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of the research is to determine the output and outcome decisions on poverty policy implementation in Enrekang Regency, and organizational capacity on poverty policy implementation in Enrekang Regency. In addition to knowing the environmental capacity of poverty policy implementation in Enrekang Regency and to know the characteristics and poverty alleviation programs in Enrekang Regency. This research took place in Enrekang Regency with three districts namely Maiwa, Enrekang and Anggeraja Districts. The research approach is descriptive qualitative and prioritizing in-depth interviews through interview guidelines in addition to secondary data. Informants / respondents were taken as many as five people who were considered to know the background of this research. Analysis is carried out through descriptive qualitative. The theory used in studying the problem of poverty in Enrekang Regency Malcom L. Gogging et al. (1990), where the research results showed that output and outcome decisions, organizational capacity, environmental capacity, characteristics and poverty alleviation programs in Enrekang were not optimal. The implementation of poverty policy in Enekang Regency in terms of structural aspects with the formation of several institutions for reducing poverty from central, provincial to regency level policies. As a result, the implementation of poverty policies has not been able to mediate in making significant changes in education, health and employment. In the end, poverty alleviation as in the three cases of research locations namely Maiwa, Enrekang and Anggeraja Districts has not been able to reverse the facts as the BPS indicator standards. An integrated database of poverty alleviation programs is needed in Enrekang Regency and is more pro-job, pro-poor and pro-growth. Program synergy is needed between stakeholders, so that poverty alleviation programs are more targeted.","PeriodicalId":421989,"journal":{"name":"American International Journal of Social Science","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130626040","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploratory Study on the Determinants of Informal Employment in the Current Mexican Return Migration","authors":"Julio Santiago Hernández, E. Desiderio, Nicéforo Aguillar Delgadillo","doi":"10.30845/AIJSS.V8N1P10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30845/AIJSS.V8N1P10","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this work is to generate updated knowledge, make the determinants that have been characterizing the returning migrant working population that may show a higher incidence of informal employment. A dichotomous dependent variable model is generated to analyze the dynamics of the labour market, based on the data provided by the National Survey of Occupation and Employment (Encuesta Nacional de Ocupación y Empleo – ENOE), from the first quarter of 2010 to the first quarter of 2017. The results suggest that a higher level of informal employment is associated with lower levels of schooling, living in a rural area and low incomes.","PeriodicalId":421989,"journal":{"name":"American International Journal of Social Science","volume":"86 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133599601","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}