{"title":"Intangible Assets and a Theory of Heterogeneous Firms","authors":"David Teece","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2844864","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2844864","url":null,"abstract":"This article outlines a capabilities-enriched economic theory of the firm and its sources of competitive advantage. The nature and key categories of intangibles are discussed, with an emphasis on their suitability for providing differentiation in an era when so many services and tangible goods are readily available on a global basis. The linkages in the conversion of intangibles into profits are analyzed, including the frequent need for co-specialized complements. Among the key categories of intangibles are organizational capabilities, which can be either ordinary or dynamic. Ordinary capabilities are, generally, those that can be measured against best practice and with some effort, imitated by rivals. Dynamic capabilities, which reside in both signature processes and management skills, allow the enterprise and its top management to develop conjectures about the evolution of consumer preferences, business problems, markets, and technology; validate them; and realign assets and competences to enable continuous innovation for the creation of competitive advantage. The key concepts of complementarity, entrepreneurial management, and dynamic capabilities are then applied to deepening the economic theory of the firm, combining with the dominant transaction cost approach to provide a richer understanding of why firms are needed in the economic system.","PeriodicalId":419336,"journal":{"name":"Management of Innovation eJournal","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128084112","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
R. Pejanović, O. Sedlak, Z. Ćirić, L. Grubić-Nešić, S. Mitrovic, Jelica Eremić-Đođić
{"title":"Marketing Decision Making by Applying the Expert System","authors":"R. Pejanović, O. Sedlak, Z. Ćirić, L. Grubić-Nešić, S. Mitrovic, Jelica Eremić-Đođić","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3282322","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3282322","url":null,"abstract":"The main goal of this paper is to develop an expert system based on fuzzy set theory that will provide more successful and efficient decision making in the area of marketing, in relation with dilemma “to produce or to purchase”. Namely, authors will try to develop a model that will be suitable for making marketing decisions in production systems. Methodology in the paper obtained analysis of the theory of marketing, the development of the specific model for decision making, so as the application of developed model on one case from production system. Methodology which allows to model indeterminacy is fuzzy sets theory which is particularly well designed for dealing with non-probabilistic uncertainties. Authors will develop a model for decision making, based on successful integration of marketing and fuzzy theories. They will implement the model in decision making problem related to the debate “to produce or to purchase” on one real decision problem in production system. The main goal of this paper is to make changes in the work of decision makers in marketing sector. Authors pointed the advantages of the model with quality management, but also some limitations and possibilities for the future researches.","PeriodicalId":419336,"journal":{"name":"Management of Innovation eJournal","volume":"55 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114768276","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Analysing the Stakes of Stakeholders in Research and Development Project Management: A Systems Approach","authors":"A. Elias","doi":"10.1111/radm.12122","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/radm.12122","url":null,"abstract":"Research and development (R&D) project management involves managing multiple stakeholders with conflicting stakes. This article proposes a systems approach to capture such conflicting stakes of multiple stakeholders in controversial R&D projects. The approach is illustrated using a New Zealand case study related to the use of 1080 chemical for pest management. Initially, the problem situation was structured systemically by analysing the behaviour of the main variables and by conducting a stakeholder analysis. Further, a participative systems model related to the problem situation was developed using a group model‐building process. The analysis of the model revealed a set of feedback loops operating in the system identified as constituting and responsible for the complexity of the problem situation relating to 1080 use. In conclusion, the paper highlights some strategies suggested by the stakeholders to manage conflict.","PeriodicalId":419336,"journal":{"name":"Management of Innovation eJournal","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128277809","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Concept of Modeling Company's Development: Determinants of Sustainability","authors":"A. Lebedev","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2802007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2802007","url":null,"abstract":"Author of the article proposes a modeling development concept designed for an organization, with a set of descriptive and prescriptive development models. Formulation of assessment and strategy planning procedure in applying both economic proportions and economic indicators like: sales, company resources, expenditures. The emphasis places on association of stability development and the internal proportionality of the organization.","PeriodicalId":419336,"journal":{"name":"Management of Innovation eJournal","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123829360","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Firm-Level Evidence on the Cooperative Innovation Strategies in Russian Manufacturing","authors":"V. Roud, Valeriya Vlasova","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2799703","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2799703","url":null,"abstract":"This paper focuses on revealing the heterogeneous impact of firms’ specificities and the environment on the sophistication of the cooperative innovation strategies. We use the firm-level data on innovation strategies of over 1200 manufacturing enterprises in Russia to model the networking strategy as a simultaneous choice of the range of cooperative linkages (within and beyond the value chain and knowledge production sectors). The determinants comprise the internal factors (as absorptive capacity) and the external conditions (e.g. technological opportunities, appropriability and competition regimes). Revealed effects prove the initial heterogeneity hypothesis thus challenging the wide-spread simplified perception of ‘openness’ of the innovation strategy as a one-dimensional characteristic","PeriodicalId":419336,"journal":{"name":"Management of Innovation eJournal","volume":"261 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121815481","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Enterprises Retain High Propensity for Adaptability","authors":"S. Tsukhlo","doi":"10.2139/SSRN.2781856","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/SSRN.2781856","url":null,"abstract":"Assessment of the state of affairs in Russian industry and the level of its adaptability to real condi ons as of Q1 2016 demonstrated rather positive values of the normal index that reflects the estimation by the enterprises of indicators and conditions of their activity. Industry retains a high level of adaptability to all shocks of recent seven quarters.","PeriodicalId":419336,"journal":{"name":"Management of Innovation eJournal","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128977555","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Attaining Data-Driven Decision-Making through Social Discourse","authors":"S. Penn, Eric B. Dent","doi":"10.9774/GLEAF.3709.2016.AP.00004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9774/GLEAF.3709.2016.AP.00004","url":null,"abstract":"This systematic literature review offers a roadmap for firms seeking to increase their competitive advantage through data-driven decision-making. Based on current scholarship in strategy as practice, strategic planning, individual behavior, and business intelligence, this review indicates that corporate managers influence decision effectiveness by integrating information into the decision-making process. Decision-making is viewed as a single complex phenomenon where individuals come together to make joint decisions through discourse and information use. Ten key elements to this process are identified. Assessing an organization in these ten elements estimates an organization's cognition. The unique contribution of this paper is the assertion that a firm amplifies its organizational cognition over time by enhancing each of these ten elements in a balanced approach and in a very particular order.","PeriodicalId":419336,"journal":{"name":"Management of Innovation eJournal","volume":"585 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114386527","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Turbulence in the Watchmaking Field: A Socioecological Approach to Strategizing","authors":"J. Hoffmann, R. Ramírez, Laurent Lecamp","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2727275","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2727275","url":null,"abstract":"The Swiss Watchmaking Field is again entering a period of turbulence (Emery and Trist 1965) due to regulatory changes, the emergence of connected devices, volatile consumer behavior, currency changes, and relations among these factors that may challenge the capabilities for adaptation of key firms. Ramirez and Selsky (2014) suggested that in turbulent environments, a socio-ecological strategy approach emphasizing collaboration at a field level rather than competition is advisable. Based on multiple case study research, we empirically examine the application of contrasting strategic stances and principles comparing competitive strategy with the socio-ecological approach. We assess the presence of the transition, heterogeneity and subjectivity principles and how a coopetition strategic stance fares in the context of the Swiss Watchmaking Industry. We conclude by exploring new research venues.","PeriodicalId":419336,"journal":{"name":"Management of Innovation eJournal","volume":"103 ","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134348694","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Business Ethics in Apparel Manufacturing: A Literature Review","authors":"U. Rathnayake, G. Karunasena","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2699806","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2699806","url":null,"abstract":"Business organisations face ethical questions everyday concerning all aspects of the business. Today the management of ethics has become a very important aspect in the general management of business in order to maintain harmony within the organization and to ensure harmonious existence in the society. Business ethics can be defined as the principles and standards that determine acceptable conduct in business organizations which determined by customers, competitors, government regulators, interest groups, and the public, as well as each individual’s personal moral principles and values.The apparel industry in Sri Lanka is one of the most important business sectors as it is the number one foreign exchange earner and the largest single employer in the manufacturing industry. The industry provides direct employment opportunities to over 300,000 and 600,000. The ethical business practices of apparel industry are more important towards the business creditability and growth of Sri Lankan economy as over the past decade, global interest has focused on how, where and by whom products were made.The field of business ethics has traditionally been the domain of philosophers, academics and social critic. Consequently, much of today's literature about business ethics is not geared toward the practical information on managing ethics in the workplaces. The problem is the outcome of insufficient involvement of leaders and managers in discussion and literature about business ethics. Therefore, this paper focused on identifying the ethical issues in business organisations with special emphasized to the apparel manufacturing organisations. Poor working conditions, law wages, long working hours and prevention of worker rights in relation to joining together in trade unions were identified as the critical ethical issues in the apparel industry in Sri Lanka.","PeriodicalId":419336,"journal":{"name":"Management of Innovation eJournal","volume":"103 1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115519725","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Optimal R&D Outsourcing","authors":"P. Leoni","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2686782","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2686782","url":null,"abstract":"We study optimal contracts when R&D is outsourced to another company. We find that, when a realistic assumption holds, the optimal contract always leads in equilibrium to the lowest acceptable chance of having a successful technical innovation, given announced compensations. This assumption is significantly different from those used in the literature, and it is necessary for the result to hold.","PeriodicalId":419336,"journal":{"name":"Management of Innovation eJournal","volume":"65 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133356099","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}