Cultural HistoryPub Date : 2022-04-01DOI: 10.3366/cult.2022.0256
Anna Brunton
{"title":"‘Still may these Attic Glories Reign’: How Eighteenth-Century Whig Taste was Shaped by a Political Metaphor","authors":"Anna Brunton","doi":"10.3366/cult.2022.0256","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3366/cult.2022.0256","url":null,"abstract":"According to the cultural historian Peter Burke, cultural history concentrates on the ‘symbolic element in all human activities’. Building on Burke's remark, this essay examines how a particular set of metaphorical ideas shaped new approaches to material and visual culture in the eighteenth-century. The analysis applies a methodologically innovative approach, that of conceptual metaphor theory. This approach is generally used to analyse the hidden ideology found in contemporary political discourse, which finds that the use of similar metaphors by an ‘in’ group not only reinforces their own ideology, but also serves to create a sense of the ‘other’, or outsider, and so embodies a power imbalance. The results of my analysis suggest that Whig writers used the metaphor of ancient Greece to create an exclusionary discourse, defined against what they saw as negative values held by an oppositional ‘other’, in this case Catholic Europe. Whig writers mapped the metaphor of ancient Greece on to their interpretation of political liberty, and this same linguistic patterning shaped concepts of visual and material taste within Whig culture.","PeriodicalId":41779,"journal":{"name":"Cultural History","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43344365","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Cultural HistoryPub Date : 2022-04-01DOI: 10.3366/cult.2022.0255
Björn Billing
{"title":"‘The People’s Dinosaur’: How Dippy became British Heritage","authors":"Björn Billing","doi":"10.3366/cult.2022.0255","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3366/cult.2022.0255","url":null,"abstract":"In 2015 the Natural History Museum (NHM) in London informed the public that their most beloved exhibit, a Diplodocus replica nicknamed Dippy, was going to be dismounted and removed from the large entrance hall. Protests arose immediately: Facebook groups appeared, the hashtag #SaveDippy was trending and petitions were sent to the authorities. Paleontogists and celebrities debated the decision in the newspapers. When three years the NHM later launched a tour project that will take Dippy around the UK, the dinosaur’s popularity grew to unprecedented heights. Its significance shifted from being a London landmark to becoming a national icon. Although the original fossil was excavated in Wyoming in the late nineteenth century, Dippy has unofficially gained the status of British heritage. This article analyses this transformation by putting recent events into historical contexts, paying particular attention to the presentation of the dinosaur in the NHM in May 1905. The analysis shows how the skeleton cast was articulated with ideological intent in a confluence of museums, science, mass media, politics and popular culture. Throughout its history, Dippy has been appropriated and contested by various actors, and nationalistic ideas have been a recurrent theme in the heritageisation process.","PeriodicalId":41779,"journal":{"name":"Cultural History","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48999325","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Cultural HistoryPub Date : 2022-04-01DOI: 10.3366/cult.2022.0259
Christer Petley
{"title":"Michelle Faubert, Granville Sharp’s Uncovered Letter and the Zong Massacre","authors":"Christer Petley","doi":"10.3366/cult.2022.0259","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3366/cult.2022.0259","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":41779,"journal":{"name":"Cultural History","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48248426","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Cultural HistoryPub Date : 2022-04-01DOI: 10.3366/cult.2022.0260
Yiqun Zhou
{"title":"Evy Johanne Håland, Greek Festivals, Modern and Ancient: A Comparison of Female and Male Values","authors":"Yiqun Zhou","doi":"10.3366/cult.2022.0260","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3366/cult.2022.0260","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":41779,"journal":{"name":"Cultural History","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45918070","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Cultural HistoryPub Date : 2021-10-01DOI: 10.3366/cult.2021.0240
Diana Cooper-Richet
{"title":"English-Language Periodicals in Parisian Reading Rooms and the Cross-Channel Transfer of Editorial Innovation (1800–65)","authors":"Diana Cooper-Richet","doi":"10.3366/cult.2021.0240","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3366/cult.2021.0240","url":null,"abstract":"In the historical context of the development and modernization of the press, of an increasingly intense transnational circulation of ideas and of editorial styles, this essay sets out to analyze the reasons why reading rooms specialized in the foreign-language press, especially in English—for which the market was narrow—were successful in Paris during the first half of the nineteenth century. It examines the consequences of the circulation of the normally difficult to access British periodicals and newspapers, such as the Edinburgh Review, the Quarterly Review and the Westminster Review present in these reading rooms, on the transformation of the French media system. In the 1850s and 1860s, the wind started to change direction. By then, on the other side of the Channel, Alexander Macmillan and Mathew Arnold had become fervent admirers of the famous Revue des deux mondes. This turnabout testifies to the complexity of the mechanisms at work behind transnational cultural transfers and media innovation in France and in Britain at the time.","PeriodicalId":41779,"journal":{"name":"Cultural History","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47553903","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Cultural HistoryPub Date : 2021-10-01DOI: 10.3366/cult.2021.0239
Colette Colligan, Diana Cooper-Richet, I. Richet
{"title":"English Reading Rooms and Periodicals in France, Italy and Brazil","authors":"Colette Colligan, Diana Cooper-Richet, I. Richet","doi":"10.3366/cult.2021.0239","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3366/cult.2021.0239","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":41779,"journal":{"name":"Cultural History","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42787235","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Cultural HistoryPub Date : 2021-10-01DOI: 10.3366/cult.2021.0247
L. Noakes
{"title":"Power, Politics and Humiliation: Feeling and Shame in the Modern World","authors":"L. Noakes","doi":"10.3366/cult.2021.0247","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3366/cult.2021.0247","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":41779,"journal":{"name":"Cultural History","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46513600","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Cultural HistoryPub Date : 2021-10-01DOI: 10.3366/cult.2021.0242
N. Cannon
{"title":"‘Essentially an American Institution Planted on Foreign Soil’: The American Library in Paris, the Paris Herald, the Paris Tribune and Ex Libris","authors":"N. Cannon","doi":"10.3366/cult.2021.0242","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3366/cult.2021.0242","url":null,"abstract":"In 1920, the American Library in Paris (ALP) was incorporated, with the desire to ‘be a somewhat adequate representation of American life and thought’ in the city. This paper will argue that the ALP - an institution established for overseas soldiers in 1918, which became its own entity in 1920 and celebrated a century of service in 2020 - would do more than represent America in the interwar period: it would play a role in shaping American identity as well. Through archival materials, this paper explores the ALP’s representation in the three periodicals most imbricated with its interwar existence: the Paris editions of the Chicago Tribune and the New York Herald, and the little magazine, Ex Libris. I argue that the ALP - in both its physical and psychic forms - was an important site for the formation of transnational American identity in the interwar period, and that it strived to weigh in on conversations about emerging literary movements, including modernism and the Harlem Renaissance. American identity, as the Library represented it, combined national exceptionalism with a true desire for transnational cooperation. It was firmly at home on international soil, and well-versed in the era’s literary debates.","PeriodicalId":41779,"journal":{"name":"Cultural History","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48101243","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Cultural HistoryPub Date : 2021-10-01DOI: 10.3366/cult.2021.0243
I. Richet
{"title":"English-Language Periodicals and Reading Rooms in Nineteenth-Century Italy as Spaces of Intercultural Contact and Exchange","authors":"I. Richet","doi":"10.3366/cult.2021.0243","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3366/cult.2021.0243","url":null,"abstract":"This paper discusses the symbiotic relationship that developed between English-language periodicals published in Italy and major reading rooms in Rome and Florence. This relationship took various configurations – from Luigi Piale in Rome, who opened a reading room and published the weekly The Roman Advertiser, to the Gabinetto Vieusseux in Florence that provided access to the many English-language periodicals published in Italy – and created important spaces of transnational cultural interaction. The paper looks at the cultural practices and the forms of sociability represented by the reading of periodicals and the patronizing of reading rooms as ‘imported traditions’ brought to Italy by the many British cultured travellers and residents in the nineteenth century. It identifies the actors who promoted these cultural practices (editors, librarians, cosmopolitan intellectuals) and analyses their role as mediating figures who created in-between spaces where cross-cultural exchanges unfolded. The paper also discusses the broader transnational cultural dynamic at work as those cultural practices imported from England favoured a greater engagement of British visitors and expatriates with the Italian political and cultural environment.","PeriodicalId":41779,"journal":{"name":"Cultural History","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47297935","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}