Gaceta Mexicana de Oncologia最新文献

{"title":"Impacto pronóstico de la respuesta patológica completa y del estado ganglionar en pacientes con cáncer de mama avanzado tratadas con dosis alta de epirrubicina neoadyuvante","authors":"Nicolás Ramírez-Torres ,&nbsp;Ancizar Pérez-Puentes ,&nbsp;Rodolfo Rivas-Ruiz ,&nbsp;Juan O. Talavera ,&nbsp;Horacio Astudillo-de la Vega","doi":"10.1016/j.gamo.2016.05.005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gamo.2016.05.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>The primary endpoint was to assess the pathological complete response (pCR) rate, and the secondary endpoint was to determine the survival of the patients with advanced breast cancer treated with high doses of neoadjuvant epirubicin, and for different treatment periods.</p></div><div><h3>Patients and methods</h3><p>The patients received FE₁₀₀C (5-fluorouracil 500<!--> <!-->mg/m², epirubicin 100<!--> <!-->mg/m², cyclophosphamide 600<!--> <!-->mg/m²) in either 4 or 6 cycles.</p><p>A logistic regression analysis was performed to identify the relationship of pCR with predictive factors. Kaplan-Meier plots and Cox proportional hazard were performed. The groups were compared using log-rank test.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The study included 60 patients per group. A non-significant increase in the pCR rate (16.7%; <em>p</em>=.283) was observed after receiving 6 FE₁₀₀C. The logistic regression analysis revealed that only clinical stage IIIA (OR, 11; <em>p</em>=.023) was more likely to achieve a pCR. The univariate analysis showed a statistically significant difference in favour of IIIA tumours (82%; <em>p</em>=.042), and negative axillary lymph nodes (96%; <em>p</em>=.000) in disease-free survival. In the multivariate analysis, the group with more than 4 positive lymph nodes (hazard ratio [HR], 19.6; <em>p</em>=.003) had the worst prognosis. The treatment effect was not significant for the pCR (HR, 3.9; <em>p</em>=.184), or the number of cycles given (HR, 1.3; <em>p</em> = .412) on disease free survival.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>The results show a slight increase in the effectiveness (pCR) with 6 FE₁₀₀C, however there was no chance of improving the disease-free survival and the post-chemotherapy negative lymph node rates compared with a shorter treatment period.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":41581,"journal":{"name":"Gaceta Mexicana de Oncologia","volume":"15 3","pages":"Pages 128-137"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2016-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.gamo.2016.05.005","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136991414","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gefitinib concurrente con quimiorradiación en el cáncer de cabeza y cuello localmente avanzado","authors":"Surendra Kumar Saini,&nbsp;Shely Srivastava,&nbsp;Awadhesh Kumar Dixit","doi":"10.1016/j.gamo.2016.04.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gamo.2016.04.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Chemoradiation is standard treatment in locally advanced oropharyngeal and hypopharyngeal cancer but only few surviving for long term. Novel therapeutic agents targeting EGFR receptors demonstrated survival benefit in palliative setting and radiosensitization in preclinical studies. We compared cisplatin based concurrent chemoradiation with cisplatin and gefitinib based chemoradiation in patients with locoregionally advanced oro-hypo pharyngeal cancer.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Patients of oro-hypo pharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma with age between 18 and 70 and with locally advanced (stage <span>iii</span> and <span>iv</span>, M0) were randomly assigned to receive either radiation with cisplatin 100<!--> <!-->mg/m² on d1, 23 and 43 or radiation with cisplatin in same dose plus gefitinib 250<!--> <!-->mg daily started two week before commencing radiotherapy till the end of radiation treatment. Primary and secondary end points were progression free and overall survival, respectively.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Out of total 67 patients randomized, 32 received cisplatin with radiation (arm <span>i</span>) and 35 received cisplatin plus gefitinib with radiation (arm <span>ii</span>). Overall response rates (complete and partial) were 62% and 71.42% in arm <span>i</span> and arm <span>ii</span>, respectively, with no statistically significant difference (<em>P</em>=.605). The median progression free survival was 24 months for arm <span>i</span> while it was 35 months for arm <span>ii</span> (<em>P</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.2877, hazard ratio [HR]<!--> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.688, 95% CI 0.3346-1.4150). The median overall survival was 31 months for arm <span>i</span> and 37 months for arm <span>ii</span> (<em>P</em>=.4344, HR<!--> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.7542, 95% CI 0.3661-1.5539). Proliferative disease showed trend towards significance in terms of response but could not reach the level of significance (<em>P</em>=.086). No statisticallysignificant difference was found in toxicity profile of two arms.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Gefitinib and cisplatin combination is well tolerated concurrently with radiation but does not have impressive effect on response rate, progression free survival and overall survival, but encouraging result was seen in response rate in proliferative morphology.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":41581,"journal":{"name":"Gaceta Mexicana de Oncologia","volume":"15 3","pages":"Pages 138-144"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2016-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.gamo.2016.04.002","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136991415","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tumor escapular: presentación inusual de metástasis en un carcinoma de parótida. Reporte de un caso","authors":"Caterin Arévalo ,&nbsp;Gustavo Martínez ,&nbsp;Sandra Arauachan ,&nbsp;Maria Alejandra Espinosa ,&nbsp;Rafael Durango","doi":"10.1016/j.gamo.2016.05.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gamo.2016.05.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Mucoepidermoid carcinoma is a malignant tumour of salivary gland with varying degrees of aggressiveness, consisting of stratified squamous epithelial and mucus-secreting cells, without a capsule. It clinically presents with mainly regional metastases, without disregarding the low number of reports of distance metastasis. A case of a mucoepidermoid parotid carcinoma of low grade is presented in a 54 -year-old with recurrent humeral metastases, who was treated with surgery with resection of the lesion and confirmatory histopathological diagnosis. We reviewed the literature on the classification, clinical and histopathological diagnosis, treatments, and prognoses of the lesion, and the studies performed.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":41581,"journal":{"name":"Gaceta Mexicana de Oncologia","volume":"15 3","pages":"Pages 187-192"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2016-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.gamo.2016.05.001","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136991534","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Leucemia mieloide aguda. Una perspectiva de los mecanismos moleculares del cáncer","authors":"Francisco Alejandro Lagunas-Rangel","doi":"10.1016/j.gamo.2016.05.007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gamo.2016.05.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a group of haematological diseases, phenotipic an genetically heterogeneous, characterised by clonal expansion of myeloid precursors with a decreased capacity of differentiation. The process of leukaemic transformation or leukaemogenesis is a complex multi-step process arising from the accumulation of mutations that modify somewhere the cell signalling system. By studying the molecular basis in different mutations associated with AML, we have began to understand, but not completely, the effects that these play on key processes, such as proliferation, differentiation, and cell survival. In this paper a review is presented on the different mechanisms involved in the process of carcinogenesis, using AML as a model, because it has a large genetic and molecular variability, emphasising the main cytogenetic and genetic damage reported.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":41581,"journal":{"name":"Gaceta Mexicana de Oncologia","volume":"15 3","pages":"Pages 150-157"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2016-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.gamo.2016.05.007","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136991798","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"HER-2/neu en cáncer de mama localmente avanzado","authors":"Karla Malinalli Quevedo Gutiérrez ,&nbsp;Ana María Landa Fernández ,&nbsp;Víctor García Barrera","doi":"10.1016/j.gamo.2016.05.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gamo.2016.05.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>Breast cancer is the first cause of death due to malignancies in women over 25 years old, with 70% of the tumours being locally advanced. The therapeutic decision is based on lymph node activity, receptor status, size of the primary tumour, and the clinical stage at the time of diagnosis. A new predictor is the HER-2/neu gene, which has emerged as a prognostic marker and therapeutic target. Literature reports an expression range from 9% to 74%, with an average relative risk of 2.74 for overall survival.</p></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><p>To determine the prevalence of HER-2/neu gene in patients with locally advanced breast cancer.</p></div><div><h3>Material and methods</h3><p>A retrospective study, historical cohort was conducted on females older than 18 years of age with the diagnosis of locally advanced breast cancer, who were attended from June 2008 to January 2014. They had to have immunohistochemistry performed for hormonal receptors and positivity for HER-2/neu, as well as a known site of metastasis.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Of the 182 files included, an expression of 19.7% of HER-2/neu was found, with a tumour recurrence in 36%. The major site was bone, with 30.7%, of which 15.3% had a recurrence within 12-24 months, followed by lung and multiple sites in 23%, central nervous system in 15%, and locoregional in 7.7%.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>The frequency of HER-2/neu in locally advanced breast cancer was 19.7%, with a major site of relapse to bone. There was also an increased occurrence with lobular histology, the type of receptor status, and menopause.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":41581,"journal":{"name":"Gaceta Mexicana de Oncologia","volume":"15 3","pages":"Pages 108-115"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2016-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.gamo.2016.05.002","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136991552","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Día Mundial Sin Tabaco 2016: «Prepárate para el empaquetado neutro»","authors":"Francisco Javier Ochoa Carrillo","doi":"10.1016/j.gamo.2016.06.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gamo.2016.06.001","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":41581,"journal":{"name":"Gaceta Mexicana de Oncologia","volume":"15 3","pages":"Pages 105-107"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2016-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.gamo.2016.06.001","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136991553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cáncer renal metastásico, respuesta histopatológica completa posterior a sunitinib","authors":"Aarón Miguel Flores Aguilar ,&nbsp;Alejandro Priego Niño ,&nbsp;Edgar Cárdenas Rodríguez ,&nbsp;Fernando Silva Bravo ,&nbsp;Claudia Teresita Gutiérrez","doi":"10.1016/j.gamo.2016.05.009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gamo.2016.05.009","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Approximately 25% of with renal cell carcinoma have already reached the metastatic phase of disease (mRCC) at the time of diagnosis. Multi-targeted tyrosine kinase inhibitors have revolutionised the treatment of mRCC, replacing cytokine therapy. Sunitinib, a tyrosine kinase inhibitor has shown to be effective in terms of progression free survival and overall survival, with complete response rates of around 3%. A case is presented of a complete histological response after sunitinib in mRCC.</p><p>A 65 year-old hypertensive man, who in 2013 began with a considerable loss of weight, pain in the right hypochondrium, and an increase in ipsilateral abdominal volume. The computed tomography found a tumour of 24<!--> <!-->×<!--> <!-->13.8<!--> <!-->×<!--> <!-->10<!--> <!-->cm in the right kidney, with 98<!--> <!-->HU enhancement and a peri-hilar lymph node conglomerate. The thorax showed a single heterogeneous image with a hyperdense centre in the apical segment of the left lung. The percutaneous renal biopsy reported a Fuhrman grade I renal cell carcinoma. Sunitinib was started at 50<!--> <!-->mg orally every 24<!--> <!-->hours for 4 weeks, resting for 2 weeks, for 3 cycles. At the end of the treatment the tomography showed a tumour of 10.2<!--> <!-->×<!--> <!-->8.1<!--> <!-->×<!--> <!-->5.1<!--> <!-->cm hyperdense in the centre, peripheral calcifications, diffuse enhancement, and the thorax with no lesions. A right radical nephrectomy was performed, with the histopathology reporting an inflammatory infiltrate, necrosis, and with no evidence of a tumour.</p><p>The combination of surgery and systemic therapy is currently the best treatment option for many patients with advanced disease.</p><p>The treatment of mRCC has been revolutionised from the era of blanket therapy, with up to 30% - 40% partial responses, and a complete response in isolated cases. Neoadjuvant therapy has been shown to decrease tumour size and enables surgery to be performed in selected patients.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":41581,"journal":{"name":"Gaceta Mexicana de Oncologia","volume":"15 3","pages":"Pages 168-172"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2016-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.gamo.2016.05.009","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136991530","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Respuesta a «Guías de práctica clínica en oncología»","authors":"José Luis Mayorga-Butrón ,&nbsp;Liliana Velasco-Hidalgo ,&nbsp;Francisco Ochoa-Carrillo","doi":"10.1016/j.gamo.2016.02.012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gamo.2016.02.012","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":41581,"journal":{"name":"Gaceta Mexicana de Oncologia","volume":"15 2","pages":"Page 104"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2016-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.gamo.2016.02.012","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91619097","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"El estado mutacional de las inmunoglobulinas en pacientes con leucemia linfocítica crónica: significado y pronóstico","authors":"Sergio Yair Rodríguez Preciado ,&nbsp;Patricio Barros-Núñez","doi":"10.1016/j.gamo.2016.03.005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gamo.2016.03.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Chronic lymphocytic leukaemia is a malignant disease characterised by proliferation and accumulation of mature B lymphocytes in bone marrow, blood, lymph nodes, and spleen. As part of its process of differentiation, immunoglobulin molecules of B cells, in addition to the characteristic rearrangements in their heavy and light chains, present a set of somatic mutations that greatly increase their diversity. The presence or absence of somatic mutations in the variable regions of the immunoglobulin gene in the malignant B-cells defines the aggressiveness and prognosis of the disease in individuals with chronic lymphocytic leukaemia.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":41581,"journal":{"name":"Gaceta Mexicana de Oncologia","volume":"15 2","pages":"Pages 86-92"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2016-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.gamo.2016.03.005","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91619623","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Guías de práctica clínica en oncología","authors":"Jose Galvez-Olortegui ,&nbsp;Juan Astigueta-Perez ,&nbsp;Milagros Abad-Licham ,&nbsp;Tomas Galvez-Olortegui ,&nbsp;Yudy Condor-Rojas","doi":"10.1016/j.gamo.2016.02.011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gamo.2016.02.011","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":41581,"journal":{"name":"Gaceta Mexicana de Oncologia","volume":"15 2","pages":"Page 103"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2016-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.gamo.2016.02.011","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136991123","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}