{"title":"Profil Darah Ikan Kakap Putih ( Lates calcalifer )Yang Diberi Pakan Mengandung (Gracilaria sp.)","authors":"Isy Aulia Hanum Sahfitri, Rika Wulandari, Aminatul Zahra","doi":"10.31629/intek.v5i2.3100","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31629/intek.v5i2.3100","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Penelitian mengenai Profil Darah Ikan Kakap Putih yang Diberi Pakan Mengandung Gracillaria sp. dilakukan untuk mengkaji bahan yang mempunyai kemampuan menstimulasi hematokrit dan diferensial leukosit dengan adanya kandungan polisakarida sulfat. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan November 2020. Pemeliharaan ikan uji dilakukan di keramba jaring apung Desa Madong, Kelurahan Kampung Bugis, dan uji darah dilakukan di Laboratorium Marine Biotechnology, Fakultas Ilmu Kelautan dan Perikanan, Universitas Maritim Raja Ali Haji. Penelitian ini dilakukan menggunakan metode Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan 4 perlakuan dan 3 ulangan, dengan perlakuan K (Pemberian pakan tanpa penambahan Gracilaria sp.), A (Pakan dengan tepung Gracilaria sp. 15 gram/kg pakan), B (Pakan dengan tepung Gracilaria sp. 20 gram/kg pakan), dan C (Pakan dengan tepung Gracilaria sp. 25 gram/kg pakan). Ikan kakap putih diberi pakan perlakuan secara at satiation sebanyak 2 kali sehari selama 14 hari. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemberian tepung Gracilaria sp. pada pakan memberikan pengaruh signifikan terhadap hematokrit dan diferensial leukosit jenis limfosit pada ikan kakap putih, tetapi tidak memberikan pengaruh signifikan pada monosit dan neutrofil ikan kakap putih. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000","PeriodicalId":415772,"journal":{"name":"Intek Akuakultur","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130283805","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Pemberian Ekstrak Sargassum sp. melalui Pakan Komersil Terhadap Nilai Hematokrit dan Diferensial Leukosit pada Ikan Bawal Bintang Trachinotus blochii","authors":"Azminar Yuliana Yuli, Aminatul Zahra, Rika Wulandari","doi":"10.31629/intek.v5i2.3092","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31629/intek.v5i2.3092","url":null,"abstract":"Sargassum sp. merupakan bahan alami yang dapat digunakan untuk meningkatkan status kesehatan ikan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji konsentrasi ekstrak Sargassum sp. yang dicampur ke pakan komersil terhadap profil hematologi ikan bawal bintang. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan September – November 2020. Proses ekstraksi dan uji toksisitas bahan dilakukan di Marine Chemistry Laboratory FIKP, selanjutnya uji in-vivo dilakukan di Desa Madong, Kelurahan Kampung Bugis. Adapun profil darah ikan dianalisis di Marine Biotechnology Laboratory FIKP. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah eksperimental menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan 4 perlakuan dan 3 ulangan yaitu Kontrol (0 ppm ekstrak Sargassum sp. + pakan), perlakuan A (38 ppm ekstrak Sargassum sp. + pakan), perlakuan B (58 ppm ekstrak Sargassum sp. + pakan), dan perlakuan C (78 ppm ekstrak Sargassum sp. + pakan). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan nilai hematokrit tertinggi sebesar 54,65%, persentase limfosit tertinggi sebesar 87,67%, persentase monosit tertinggi sebesar 6,00%, dan persentase neutrofil tertinggi sebesar 7,33%. Pemberian ekstrak Sargassum sp. pada dosis 58 ppm melalui pakan komersil memberikan pengaruh terhadap nilai hematokrit dan persentase limfosit namun tidak memberikan pengaruh terhadap persentase monosit dan neutrofil pada ikan bawal bintang","PeriodicalId":415772,"journal":{"name":"Intek Akuakultur","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126700994","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Intek AkuakulturPub Date : 2022-06-17DOI: 10.31629/intek.v5i2.3099
Hendriyono, Rika Wulandari, Aminatul Zahra
{"title":"Pengaruh Pemberian Ekstrak Kulit Pisang Kepok (Musa acuminata X Musa balbisiana ) terhadap Diferensial Leukosit pada Benih Ikan Kakap Putih (Lates calcarifer)","authors":"Hendriyono, Rika Wulandari, Aminatul Zahra","doi":"10.31629/intek.v5i2.3099","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31629/intek.v5i2.3099","url":null,"abstract":"Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menguji pemberian ekstrak kulit pisang kepok dengan konsentrasi berbeda terhadap diferensial leukosit benih ikan kakap putih (Lates calcarifer). Pemeliharaan dilaksanakan selama 23 hari di HSRT Maju Mandiri Desa Madong, Kota Tanjungpinang, Provinsi Kepulauan Riau. Pembuatan ekstrak kulit pisang bertempatan di Marine Chemistry Laboratoty Fakultas Ilmu Kelautan dan Perikanan, Universitas Maritim Raja Ali Haji. Penelitian ini dilakukan secara eksprimental dengan melakukan pengujian terhadap ekstrak kulit pisang kepok pada benih ikan kakap putih. Penelitian ini dirancang dengan menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan 4 Perlakuan (0 ppm, 0,5 ppm, 0,9 ppm, dan 1,3 ppm) 3 ulangan. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan ekstrak kulit pisang kepok berpengaruh nyata pada persentase limfosit, neutrofil dan nilai hematokrit tetapi tidak berpengaruh singnifikan pada pertumbuhan dan kelangsungan hidup benih ikan kakap putih. Penggunaan ekstrak kulit pisang kepok yang dicampurkan pada pakan berpengaruh nyata terhadap diferensial leukosit, yaitu persentase limfosit dan neutrofil pada benih ikan kakap putih. Persentase limfosit dan neutrofil terbaik adalah pada perlakuan C, dengan nilai 75,67% dan 12,33% pada benih ikan kakap putih. ","PeriodicalId":415772,"journal":{"name":"Intek Akuakultur","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134583733","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Intek AkuakulturPub Date : 2022-06-17DOI: 10.31629/intek.v5i2.3080
Rafika Mulia, Tri Yulianto, R. Wulandari
{"title":"Giving Different Types of Attractant to Feed Consumption and Growth of White Snapper Lates calcarifer","authors":"Rafika Mulia, Tri Yulianto, R. Wulandari","doi":"10.31629/intek.v5i2.3080","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31629/intek.v5i2.3080","url":null,"abstract":"The administration of attractant aims to stimulate the appetite of white snapper Lates calcarifer to increase feed consumption and growth. This research was conducted in July - August 2020 for 42 days at the Marine Product Laboratory, Faculty of Marine Sciences and Fisheries, Raja Ali Haji Maritime University, Riau Islands Province. The method used is experimental with Complete Randomized Design (RAL) with 4 treatments and 3 repeats which Control is feed without attractant, treatment A (feed + glutinous squid flour), treatment B (feed + fish meal attractant), treatment C (feed + glutinous shrimp flour rebon). The results obtained in the response of fish and the best amount of feed consumption is treatment C of 0.45% for the amount of feed consumption is 73.50% and at the growth of the best result is the absolute weight of B treatment 11.22%, absolute length 3.34% and survival of 91.67%.","PeriodicalId":415772,"journal":{"name":"Intek Akuakultur","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129061621","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Application of recombinant Growth Hormone (rGH) in formulated Feed on Growth of Asian Seabass Lates calcarifer","authors":"Septy yolanda eka Saputri, Henky Irawan, Aminatul Zahra","doi":"10.31629/intek.v5i1.3064","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31629/intek.v5i1.3064","url":null,"abstract":"This study aimed to gain rGH dose for the growth of Asian Seabass This research was conducted from July to September 2020 in Madong Village, Tanjungpinang City, Riau Islands Province. The method used was a completely randomized design (CRD) with 4 treatments and 3 replications, namely K: without rGH, A: 10 mg rGH / kg of feed, B: 12 ​​mg of rGH / kg of feed and C: 14 mg of rGH / kg of feed. The results of the absolute weight parameter study showed the values ​​of K (24.79 ± 3.13 g), A (23.87 ± 1.91 g), B (42.01 ± 1.87 g) and C (41.93 ± 0.99 g). The daily growth rate parameters indicated the values ​​of K (0.59 ± 0.07 g), A (0.57 ± 0.05 g), B (1.00 ± 0.04 g) and C (1.00 ± 0.02 g). This study concludes that the rGH affects the growth of Asian Seabass seed. It can be seen from the best treatment namely the treatment with a dose of rGH 12 mg/kg of feed with an absolute weight parameter value of 42.01 ± 1.87 g and a daily growth rate of 1.00 ± 0.04 g / day. \u0000 ","PeriodicalId":415772,"journal":{"name":"Intek Akuakultur","volume":"202 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127599622","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Intek AkuakulturPub Date : 2022-06-17DOI: 10.31629/intek.v5i2.3083
Fernando, Henky Irawan, Rika Wulandari
{"title":"Pengaruh Jarak Tanam terhadap Laju Pertumbuhan Rumput Laut (Kappahycus alvarezii) dengan Metode Lepas Dasar","authors":"Fernando, Henky Irawan, Rika Wulandari","doi":"10.31629/intek.v5i2.3083","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31629/intek.v5i2.3083","url":null,"abstract":"Terdapat beberapa faktor yang menjadi penghambat untuk keberlangsungan budidaya, salah satunya ialah faktor pertumbuhan. Pertumbuhan erat kaitannya dengan jarak tanam dan metode. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan jarak tanam yang optimal pada laju pertumbuhan rumput laut K. alvarezii dengan metode lepas dasar. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada tanggal 01 November 2020 hingga 16 Desember 2020 selama 45 hari dengan masa aklimatisasi 3 hari di Desa Berakit, Kecamatan Teluk Sebong, Kabupaten Bintan, Provinsi Kepulauan Riau. Metode yang digunakan ialah eksperimental dengan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan 5 perlakuan dan 3 kali ulangan. Dimana A : Jarak tanam 10 cm, B : Jarak tanam 15 cm, C : Jarak tanam 20 cm, D : Jarak tanam 25 cm dan E : Jarak tanam 30 cm. Analisis data menggunakan uji sidik ragam ANOVA menunjukkan laju pertumbuhan spesifik sebesar 6.36±0.006 %/hari, bobot mutlak rumput laut K. alvarezii sebesar 267.83±0.25 g. dan pertumbuhan mutlak rumput laut K. alvarezii sebesar 167.83±0.25 g. Hasil yang diperoleh menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan D merupakan perlakuan yang terbaik untuk pertumbuhan.","PeriodicalId":415772,"journal":{"name":"Intek Akuakultur","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126198899","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Intek AkuakulturPub Date : 2022-06-15DOI: 10.31629/intek.v5i1.2413
Farizan Renaldi, Tri Yulianto, Wiwin Kusuma Atmaja Putra
{"title":"Penambahan Makro Nutrien, Mikro Nutrien, dan Tepung Bawang Putih pada Pakan terhadap Performa Pertumbuhan Ikan Kerapu Cantang (Epinephelus fuscoguttatus x Epinephelus lanceolatus)","authors":"Farizan Renaldi, Tri Yulianto, Wiwin Kusuma Atmaja Putra","doi":"10.31629/intek.v5i1.2413","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31629/intek.v5i1.2413","url":null,"abstract":"Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penambahan makro nutrien, mikro nutrien dan tepung bawang putih pada pakan terhadap performa pertumbuhan ikan kerapu cantang Epinephelus fuscoguttatus x Epinephelus lanceolatus. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada bulan Februari hingga April 2020 bertempat di kelompok pembudidaya ikan bawal bintang Desa Madong, kota Tanjungpinang, Provinsi Kepulauan Riau. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode eksperimental dengan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan 4 perlakuan dan 3 kali ulangan, di mana perlakuan K: (pakan repelletting : 700g pellet lele + 300g tepung ikan lemuru), perlakuan A: (pakan repelletting + 5g makro dan mikro nutrien / kg pakan), perlakuan B: (pakan repelletting + 1g tepung bawang putih), perlakuan C: (pakan repelletting + 5g makro dan mikro nutrien + 1g tepung bawang putih / kg pakan). Analisis data dengan Analysis of variance (ANOVA) dan uji lanjut Tukey, menunjukkan bahwa penambahan makro nutrien, mikro nutrien, dan tepung bawang putih pada pakan memberikan pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap performa pertumbuhan ikan kerapu cantang. Perlakuan 5g makro dan mikro nutrien + 1g tepung bawang putih/kg pakan atau perlakuan C merupakan perlakuan terbaik, hasil yang didapatkan pada pertumbuhan bobot mutlak (13.94 ± 0.19 g) dan efisiensi pakan (35.28 ± 0.89 %).","PeriodicalId":415772,"journal":{"name":"Intek Akuakultur","volume":"120 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122476484","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Intek AkuakulturPub Date : 2021-09-13DOI: 10.31629/intek.v5i1.2446
Monica Azuwarita, R. Wulandari, Aminatul Zahra
{"title":"Effect of Sargassum sp. Extract on Phagocytic Activity of White Snapper (Lates calcarifer) Infected by Vibrio alginolyticus Bacteria","authors":"Monica Azuwarita, R. Wulandari, Aminatul Zahra","doi":"10.31629/intek.v5i1.2446","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31629/intek.v5i1.2446","url":null,"abstract":"Sargassum sp. is a natural synthesis product it has bioactive metabolites as flavonoid which can increase the fish body's defense system from attacks of disease. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of Sargassum sp. added into the feed against the phagocytic activity of white snapper infected by Vibrio alginolyticus bacteria. This research was conducted using a completely randomized design method with 4 treatments and 3 replications, with K treatments (Sargassum sp. extract 0 ppm), A (Sargassum sp. extract 50 ppm), B (Sargassum sp. extract 70 ppm), and C (Sargassum sp. extract 90 ppm). The results showed that the administration of Sargassum sp. extract in white snapper feed and after infected by Vibrio alginolyticus bacteria was able to giving effect on phagocytic activity. The best concentration was obtained in treatment B with Sargassum sp. extract. 70 ppm with the highest phagocytosis activity value of 77.33%, and the highest survival rate of 43.33%. \u0000 ","PeriodicalId":415772,"journal":{"name":"Intek Akuakultur","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126469723","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Intek AkuakulturPub Date : 2021-09-06DOI: 10.31629/intek.v5i1.2448
Ryan Sukamto, W. K. A. Putra, Muzahar
{"title":"Maturation Performance of Gonggong Conch Laevistrombus turturella by Injection Different Sources of Gonadotropin Hormones","authors":"Ryan Sukamto, W. K. A. Putra, Muzahar","doi":"10.31629/intek.v5i1.2448","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31629/intek.v5i1.2448","url":null,"abstract":"Overfishing makes the population of gonggong conch even smaller in their habitat. Its preservation can be maintained by cultivating gonggong conch, including by preparing mature gonads through induction using gonadotropim hormone. This study aims to obtain an effective type of hormone treatment in accelerating the maturation process of the gonggong conch gonads. This research was conducted in April - July 2020 at the Laboratory of the Faculty of Maritime Science and Fisheries, Raja Ali Haji Maritime University, Tanjungpinang, Kepri Province. The method used is a completely randomized design (CRD) with 4 treatments and 3 replications, injection treatment NaCl 0,5µL/head (K), injection treatment oodev® 0,5µL/head (PA), injection treatment PG600® 0,5µL/head (PB), injection treatment oodev® 0,25 µL + PG600® 0,25 µL/head (PC). The results showed that the highest GSI value is PC treatment (0.12±0.36%). Effective treatment in accelerating the process of maturing of gonggong conch gonads is a PC treatment because it reaches TKG II through the histology result ogf gonad. The highest absolute weight growth of the gonggong conch was the PC treatment (0.07±0.01 g). The highest growth length of the gonggong conch was the PC treatment (0.83±0.23cm).","PeriodicalId":415772,"journal":{"name":"Intek Akuakultur","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129903928","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Intek AkuakulturPub Date : 2021-09-06DOI: 10.31629/intek.v5i1.2489
Ricko Rionaldo, Tri Yulianto, Henky Irawan
{"title":"The Effect of Squid Oil on Feed Against the Response of Eating Cantang Grouper (Epinephelus fuscoguttatus x Epinephelus lanceolatus)","authors":"Ricko Rionaldo, Tri Yulianto, Henky Irawan","doi":"10.31629/intek.v5i1.2489","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31629/intek.v5i1.2489","url":null,"abstract":"This study aims to determine the dose of squid oil attractant to increase the feeding response of grouper Epinephelus fuscoguttatus x Epinephelus lanceolatus. This research was conducted in March 2020 at the Fish Seed Center, Pengujan Village, Bintan Regency, Riau Islands Province. The method used was an experimental method with a completely randomized design (CRD) with 4 treatments and 3 replications, where treatment K: (Megami feed without attractants), treatment A: (Megami feed + 6 ml/kg of squid oil), treatment B : (Megami feed + 9 ml/kg squid oil), treatment C: (Megami feed + 12 ml/kg squid oil). Data analysis with Analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Duncan's continued test, showed that the fastest response of fish to feed was at a dose of 12 ml/kg or treatment C was the fastest treatment, the results obtained were at the level of feed consumption (99.23 ± 0.67%) and survival rate (100 ± 0.00%).","PeriodicalId":415772,"journal":{"name":"Intek Akuakultur","volume":"46 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128217647","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}