Advances in Social and Organizational Factors最新文献

{"title":"PUMA - Development and Application of a Tool for Supporting Nuclear Power Plant Operating Teams in Unexpected and Unknown Situations","authors":"Jonas Brüngger, C. Kleindienst, Julia Koch, Frank Ritz","doi":"10.54941/ahfe100325","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54941/ahfe100325","url":null,"abstract":"The method PUMA was developed to help operating teams coping with potentially critical situations that are unexpected and unknown, that means, situations that cannot be handled by standardized procedures. The method was developed with the participation of the operating teams of a nuclear power plant in Switzerland within the project TeamSafe (see also: Kleindienst, Brüngger, Koch & Ritz, 2014). By participation of the operating teams good practices were collected and condensed to the method PUMA, which consists of two essential components: \"structure problem-solving process\" and \"coordination/communication during team discussion\". Especially the encouragement of reflexivity and inclusion of all team members for information collection, situation assessment and planning of measures is supported by the tool. The method PUMA has been introduced to 10 operating teams (n=53) in the nuclear power plant. During the annually held simulator trainings in 2012 and in 2013, all control room teams of the plant have been trained theoretically and practically in applying PUMA for two simulation scenarios. After both training units all participants have been asked to evaluate the PUMA tool in a questionnaire. Analyses of the results clearly show that the tool is seen as a useful supplement to the existing standardized procedures.","PeriodicalId":415611,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Social and Organizational Factors","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134038319","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Environmental Problems Among Rural Women and Management of Occupational Health and Safety","authors":"Rakhi Saxena","doi":"10.54941/ahfe100341","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54941/ahfe100341","url":null,"abstract":"Women have long occupied a central place in agriculture production in developing countries, ensuring food security for their household and communities, but this role is not performed without adverse consequences for health. The major consequences include health risks owing due to women’s use and exposure to hazardous agro-chemicals/pesticides, farm-related accidents or physical injuries and exposure to hazardous solid fuel in the interior house. Developing countries like India have many polluting sources that produce high level of human exposure. Indoor air pollution in developing countries from biomass smoke is considered to be a significant source of public health hazard, particularly to the poor and vulnerable women and children. Women and children face the greatest exposure to the harmful health effects of pollution. Women traditionally carry out most household chores and spend a considerable part of their time indoors. The pollution also affects young children under their mothers’ care. Another source of high risk of ill health in rural India is exposure to spray of pesticides in the fields. In India, 70% of the population is farmers and they are the target group to be affected by the hazards of pesticide applications. In India, 70% of the population is farmers and they are the target group to be affected by the hazards of pesticide applications. Moreover, in developing countries the users are rather careless in handling pesticides. The high risk groups exposed to pesticides include the production workers, formulators, sprayers, mixers, loaders and agricultural farm workers. During manufacture and formulation, the possibility of hazards may be more because the processes involved are not risk free. In India, 70% of the population is farmers and they are the target group to be affected by the hazards of pesticide applications. Moreover, in developing countries the users are rather careless in handling pesticides. All pesticides in a given chemical group generally affect the human body in the same way; however, severity of the effects varies depending on the formulation, concentration, toxicity and route of exposure of the pesticide. Descriptive cum experimental research design was chosen for the study. The study was carried out in two districts Udham Singh Nagar and Nainital. Purposive cum Random sampling design was used to select the study area. Total sample size was comprised of 240 women from rural areas of Uttarakhand state in India. Experimental data was recorded through various scientific instruments and descriptive data was collected through interview schedule, awareness scales, and observation sheet. On the basis of anthropometric measurements the 5th, 50th and 95th percentile was calculated for the designing of personal protective equipments (gloves and coverall) through CAD for reducing the hazards of pesticide spraying and designing of chimney for minimizing the hazards of smoke originated by traditional cooking source. It was found","PeriodicalId":415611,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Social and Organizational Factors","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114111615","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mock-Up Test of Two Train Toilet Modules","authors":"Marian Loth, D. van Eijk, Johan F.M. Molenbroek","doi":"10.54941/ahfe100365","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54941/ahfe100365","url":null,"abstract":"Train toilets are perceived to be dirty and as a consequence train travelers rate the toilet as insufficient. While the train toilet is mainly used to urinate it is for men impossible to keep the train toilet clean without spilling urine outside the bowl while standing. This causes women to hover while urinating and as a result they add to the soiling of the train toilet, by spilling drips over the seat. A ‘hygienic train toilet’ will make train travel more attractive, and it can remove one of the obstacles to travelling by train, particularly for the elderly and families with young children.A possible solution to improve hygiene in the train toilet is splitting its interior based on the posture while urinating. Accordingly, a toilet with two modules was designed: One for urinating standing and the other for the seated or hovered toilet use which was ‘inclusively designed’, thus the interior is enhanced with adaptations such as toddler platforms, a diaper changing table, extra support and enough space for wheel-chair manipulation. The observation and questionnaire both with 26 users of 3-68 years old (some wheel chair users) showed that the mock-up of the train toilet indirectly scored a 7.1 on a 10 point scale (1= very bad, 10= very good), but there is room for improvement, for instance a sanitary waste bin, an extra support bar on the left side of the toilet and a toddler platform under the urinal were lacking.","PeriodicalId":415611,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Social and Organizational Factors","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128528063","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"How Quality Management supports Sustainable Development?","authors":"M. Jasiulewicz-Kaczmarek","doi":"10.54941/ahfe100337","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54941/ahfe100337","url":null,"abstract":"In the following paper an attempt to present the role of quality management in enterprises following sustainable development strategy was taken. Methods striving for quality(defined in their broadest meaning) are the basic catalyzer for changes which enable identification of new opportunities and definition of alternative actions to be taken. They focus on the best practices and means leading to improvement in the areas jeopardizing economic, environmental and social infrastructure.","PeriodicalId":415611,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Social and Organizational Factors","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129602970","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Humanization of Work in Project Management","authors":"Andrzej Borucki","doi":"10.54941/ahfe100329","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54941/ahfe100329","url":null,"abstract":"The experience gathered in the course of many IT projects ranging from the simplest to the very complex, shows that the key adverse factors affecting the productivity of project teams are: the stress that accompanies designers in the development and implementation of IT projects, poor use of the intellectual capacities of individual project team members, excessive focus on design support tools at the expense of project quality, excessive adherence to a specific method of IT project management, the pressures of time and budget restraints on projects where labor intensity has been underestimated. According to many IT project managers, the treating of people as “spare parts” often jeopardizes project outcome. Managers commonly forget the simple fact that the intellect and personalities of every employee are different and that often neglected in accomplishing project goals by not helping individual staff members to achieve personal satisfaction. My practice shows that the choice of a design method has little effect on design productivity and often reduces it where the system needs continuous customization to ever new client requirements and restrict the operating freedom on individual projects contributing to less innovative outcomes.","PeriodicalId":415611,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Social and Organizational Factors","volume":"56 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116612488","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancing the Vigilance of Car Drivers:a Review on Fatigue Caused by the Driving Task and Possible Countermeasures","authors":"S. van Veen, P. Vink, M. Franz, Peer-Oliver Wagner","doi":"10.54941/ahfe100364","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54941/ahfe100364","url":null,"abstract":"Before fatigue caused by the driving task becomes a safety threat, it already has a negative effect on well-being. Therefore, it is desirable to intervene in an early stage of the fatiguing process to decrease the perceived load from a monotonous driving task and to create a more pleasurable driving experience. Enhancing driver vigilance could also create a competitive advantage for the car manufacturer. This paper reviews the existing body of knowledge concerning driver fatigue theories and countermeasures against driver fatigue. Current (automotive) features concerning fatigue are also evaluated. A fatigue countermeasure system should measure and/or predict fatigue, intervene with a stimulus and subsequently restore performance and alertness. A distinction can be made between physical and cognitive fatigue. Physical fatigue results mainly from static sitting issues. This type of fatigue can be countered with micro-movements and the stimulation of postural change. Cognitive fatigue can be further divided into task-related and sleep-related fatigue. Fatigue resulting from task overload can be countered with automation and assist systems. Fatigue from task underload can be countered with a variety of stimulation. Sleep-related fatigue is considered intervention resistant by some researchers, although it also seems to be possible to manipulate the circadian rhythm with blue light.","PeriodicalId":415611,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Social and Organizational Factors","volume":"185 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124283220","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of QOC Matrix- The Worker's Voice (part 1)","authors":"Erick Eduardo Lozano-Ramos, Martha Roselia Contreras-Valenzuela","doi":"10.54941/ahfe100355","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54941/ahfe100355","url":null,"abstract":"The Faculty of chemical sciences and engineering form the Morelos University in México, has developed a tool called “QOC Matrix - the worker’s voice”. It is based on the logics of QOC (Questions, Options and Criterion), 6’s philosophy, ISO International Standers about Ergonomic guiding principles, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health – USA publications, among others. Quality concepts like the Voice of Customer VOC (activity to meet the customer’s requirements), are used to obtain “The worker’s voice”, that will be used in the decision-making process about the design or redesign their workstation. The results obtained from the matrix have the objective to define if the workstations meet standards about cleanliness, organization and safety. Also, identify, the waste of “Talent” (underestimating as the creativity and intelligence of the workforce). All these having as a goal: “to create formal means to add value to the voice of the worker to express quality of working life that they want and need”.","PeriodicalId":415611,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Social and Organizational Factors","volume":"11233 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116177048","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Relative age effect in physical and psychological development in young Japanese children and associated problems for kindergarten teachers","authors":"Yujiro Kawata a, B. Akari Kamimura c, Shino Izutsu d, Kai Yamada c","doi":"10.54941/ahfe100352","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54941/ahfe100352","url":null,"abstract":"In school classroom, a child born soon after the selection period’s cut-off date (early born children) may benefit by up to a full year in physical and psychological development compared with a child born just before the cut-off date (late born children). This phenomenon is called the “relative age effect” (RAE). RAE is defined as the consequence of age differences between individuals within the same cohort, either in school or on sports teams (Musch & Grondin, 2001). This study examines the effect size of RAE in physical and psychological development and discusses educational problems faced by kindergarten teachers due to this RAE. Data were collected from 100 five-year-old Japanese children (60 male, 40 female) and their kindergarten teachers. Significant main effects of birth month category on physical development and on psychological development were found (early born children were more developed than late born children). The effect size of RAE in physical development was greater than that in psychological development. We concluded that the RAE existed in physical and psychological development among young children. Further, RAE appeared greatly on physical than on psychological development. Thus, we propose that kindergarten teachers could benefit from an awareness of the RAE.","PeriodicalId":415611,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Social and Organizational Factors","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127789350","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comfort Design Through Music and Emotion: Effects of Passengers' Activities on Comfort","authors":"Aernout Kruithof a, Valentijn Visch a, Peter Vink a, Owain Pedgley b","doi":"10.54941/ahfe100368","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54941/ahfe100368","url":null,"abstract":"Comfort experiences are not caused by a single factor, but are the result of diverse components such as postures, cognitive- and emotional experiences, as well as a person’s activity. The present empirical study investigated the experienced comfort of car passengers in the rear seat. We varied typical car passengers’ activities such as listening to music, working, and looking out the window. Dependent variables were the passenger’s comfort rating, his emotional valence- and arousal-related experience, his heart rate, and his seating position. The results (N = 23/16) showed that music positively influences comfort experiences. Moreover, correlation analysis between the dependent variables showed that comfort was significantly correlated only to the positive emotional valence component, and not to more physiological components such as emotional arousal, heart rate or seating position. The results suggest that car designers can improve the comfort of rear passengers by focussing on music and emotion design in contrast to the more conventional approach of physical ergonomics.","PeriodicalId":415611,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Social and Organizational Factors","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133534571","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Design, Maintenance and Refurbishment of Turbines in a Collaborative Environment","authors":"Arcadio Reyes-Lecuonaa, Luis Molina-Tancoa, Daniel González-Toledoa, S. Floresb, Eva Frutosb, H. PatelC, Robert Houghtonc","doi":"10.54941/ahfe100319","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54941/ahfe100319","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, a conceptual prototype of a collaborative tool for supporting decision making in the context of power plants maintenance is presented. The context of this industrial problem together with an analysis of the need for such a tool is also described. Then, a use case analysis is performed, as a conceptual specification of this tool. This conceptual prototype was evaluated using the cognitive walkthrough technique and the results of that evaluation process are also presented here.","PeriodicalId":415611,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Social and Organizational Factors","volume":"49 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131271042","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}