{"title":"Laura Z. Hobson and the Making of Gentleman’s Agreement","authors":"R. Gordan","doi":"10.5325/STUDAMERJEWILITE.34.2.0231","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5325/STUDAMERJEWILITE.34.2.0231","url":null,"abstract":"Scholars of postwar American Jewish history have traditionally focused on highbrow texts in charting the shifting ways that “Jews,” as a category, has been defined and characterized. Including postwar middlebrow publications in our analysis offers a more comprehensive picture of the changing discursive representation of Jews during the twentieth century. Despite the fact that Gentleman’s Agreement rarely receives more than a line or two of mention in scholarly accounts of postwar Jews, it is a text that ably demonstrates the power that popular novels wield in shaping cultural sensibilities. Hobson was not the only 1940s novelist to publish an anti-Semitism themed novel, and her connection to a larger body of such literature contributes to the value of Gentleman’s Agreement. The novel’s best-selling status (and its adaptation into an Academy Award-winning film) is what makes it exceptional among this genre. The making of Gentleman’s Agreement, with all of the debate and opposition it aroused, indicated tectonic shifts within publishing circles and the wider American culture about how to treat the topic of Jews and anti-Semitism.","PeriodicalId":41533,"journal":{"name":"Studies in American Jewish Literature","volume":"40 1","pages":"231 - 256"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2015-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.5325/STUDAMERJEWILITE.34.2.0231","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70897759","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"“What about a Teakettle?”: Anxiety, Mourning, and Burial in Jonathan Safran Foer’s Extremely Loud and Incredibly Close","authors":"V. Bryan","doi":"10.5325/STUDAMERJEWILITE.34.2.0274","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5325/STUDAMERJEWILITE.34.2.0274","url":null,"abstract":"The roles of mourning and melancholia in Jonathan Safran Foer’s novel Extremely Loud and Incredibly Close, and the connections that exist between Oskar Schell’s initial emotional inertia after the 9/11 attacks and his anxious personality, dominate the current critical conversation surrounding this character. This article, however, seeks to expand this critical conversation by paying due attention to the importance of Oskar’s decision to dig up his father’s coffin that signifies his movement into mourning. His closeness to the burial site, his one-on-one interaction with the coffin, and his personal realization that the coffin does not contain his father’s body is what allows him to move into productive mourning. Through this interaction with burial and commemoration, Oskar realizes that though his father is gone he will never have not existed, and begins to move into productive mourning. Analyzing the importance of burial/commemorative practices in this novel allows a reading that focuses on the productive nature of Oskar’s quest, his ultimately promising encounter with loss, and an understanding of America’s adjusted approach to burial and commemoration after an instance of terror that resulted in mass death—a frequent contributor to shifts in burial and commemorative practices.","PeriodicalId":41533,"journal":{"name":"Studies in American Jewish Literature","volume":"34 1","pages":"274 - 289"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2015-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.5325/STUDAMERJEWILITE.34.2.0274","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70897466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"We Will Not Be Silent: I. L. Peretz’s “Bontshe the Silent” vs. 1950s Mccarthyism in America and the Story of the Staging of The World of Sholom Aleichem","authors":"Adi Mahalel","doi":"10.5325/STUDAMERJEWILITE.34.2.0204","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5325/STUDAMERJEWILITE.34.2.0204","url":null,"abstract":"On May Day 1953, a group of actors and a production crew staged the premiere of an Off-Broadway play called The World of Sholom Aleichem. What made this production unique was that all of the people involved in it were blacklisted. They were all victims of McCarthy’s assault on the entertainment industry, part of his campaign to defeat “the red enemies from within.” But this group of people refused to be silent victims, and they—the vast majority of whom were Jewish—produced this play in defiance of the authorities, proving the vitality of their artistic talents. The play was based on the English dramatic adaptations by Arnold Perl of three classic Yiddish short stories: two by Sholem Aleichem (“The High School” and “The Enchanted Tailor”) separated by one famous short story by I. L. Peretz entitled “Bontshe Shvayg” (Bontshe the Silent). In this paper, I discuss the social, political, and historical significance of this play with a special emphasis on the story by Peretz, which I believe stands out between the three acts.","PeriodicalId":41533,"journal":{"name":"Studies in American Jewish Literature","volume":"34 1","pages":"204 - 230"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2015-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.5325/STUDAMERJEWILITE.34.2.0204","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70897692","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Stanley Kunitz’s Cracked Vocation","authors":"Jim Cocola","doi":"10.5325/STUDAMERJEWILITE.34.1.0134","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5325/STUDAMERJEWILITE.34.1.0134","url":null,"abstract":"Though Stanley Kunitz was among the most decorated poets of his generation, he did not secure his first college teaching position until he was in his forties, and it wasn’t until he was well into his fifties that he began to receive widespread acclaim for his work. Ultimately, these early fissures in Kunitz’s vocation were problems of professionalization that can be traced back to his origins. As the youngest son of a hardscrabble immigrant widow in a gritty industrial city, Kunitz transcended his difficult childhood, but found it more complicated to contend with his heritage as he shaped a career for himself. Though Kunitz made isolated attempts to reckon with his Jewish and Lithuanian roots, his more usual course was to de-emphasize that heritage. But if Kunitz’s poetics proved to be a poetics of sublimation in the main, there are also instances in which the sorrows of his station shine through—as, for instance, in the masterful short poem “An Old Cracked Tune,” where Kunitz takes pains to reassert his beleaguered identity, to think through the terms of the prejudices he faced up to, and, in his own terms, “to embrace a wounded name.”","PeriodicalId":41533,"journal":{"name":"Studies in American Jewish Literature","volume":"34 1","pages":"134 - 153"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2015-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.5325/STUDAMERJEWILITE.34.1.0134","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70897227","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"“Women and poets see the truth arrive”: Muriel Rukeyser and Walt Whitman","authors":"Dara Barnat","doi":"10.5325/STUDAMERJEWILITE.34.1.0094","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5325/STUDAMERJEWILITE.34.1.0094","url":null,"abstract":"Walt Whitman is a crucial figure in the Jewish American poetic tradition. Though scholars have periodically noted Whitman’s influence on this tradition, the breadth of Jewish American poets who have embraced Whitman’s aesthetics and ethos, from the mid-nineteenth century to date, has yet to be recognized, notwithstanding Allen Ginsberg. This essay presents an intriguing example of a Jewish American poet responding pre–World War II to the non-Jewish Whitman: the political poet Muriel Rukeyser. Rukeyser adopts aspects of Whitman’s work to create a more democratic, socially informed, and inclusive America in general and Jewish America in particular. This case of intertextuality demonstrates how a Jewish minority writer, in order to negotiate their position in America, turns to a non-Jewish American majority writer.","PeriodicalId":41533,"journal":{"name":"Studies in American Jewish Literature","volume":"34 1","pages":"116 - 94"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2015-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.5325/STUDAMERJEWILITE.34.1.0094","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70897280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"To Organize Beauty: The Sonnets of Mani Leyb","authors":"Jordan D. Finkin","doi":"10.5325/STUDAMERJEWILITE.34.1.0070","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5325/STUDAMERJEWILITE.34.1.0070","url":null,"abstract":"Toward the end of his life, the American Yiddish poet Mani Leyb turned to composing a series of intensely personal lyrics in the form of loosely connected sonnets. These he conceived as his summum opus, combining his ideas of simplicity and plainspokenness with a lifelong achievement in impressionist poetics, all within the framework of the sonnet, the token of the pinnacle of high-art achievement in Western poetry. In some of the inherent tensions between these elements we see Mani Leyb staking a claim on what it means to write poetry that was both authentically Yiddish and American.","PeriodicalId":41533,"journal":{"name":"Studies in American Jewish Literature","volume":"34 1","pages":"70 - 93"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2015-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.5325/STUDAMERJEWILITE.34.1.0070","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70897260","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"On Jacob Glatshteyn’s Sacco and Vanzetti Poem","authors":"L. Rosenwald","doi":"10.5325/STUDAMERJEWILITE.34.1.0024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5325/STUDAMERJEWILITE.34.1.0024","url":null,"abstract":"Jacob Glatshteyn’s poem about Nicola Sacco and Bartolomeo Vanzetti, the celebrated Italian anarchists executed for murder on August 23, 1927, is both the greatest poem about the two men and among the least widely known; the goal of this article is to make the poem more broadly available for discussion. The means of arriving at that goal include a rigorously literal translation and a set of commentaries on particular lines of the poem, on its general themes and patterns, and on the relation between this poem and other poems on the subject. Among the themes explored are the poem’s temporality, its portrait of the city, its dramatization of character, its shifting refrains, its Christian imagery, and its broad range of pity and curiosity.","PeriodicalId":41533,"journal":{"name":"Studies in American Jewish Literature","volume":"34 1","pages":"24 - 43"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2015-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.5325/STUDAMERJEWILITE.34.1.0024","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70897181","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"“The World Is Tref”: Delmore Schwartz, Jews, Poets and the Crisis of the Middle Generation","authors":"Hilene Flanzbaum","doi":"10.5325/STUDAMERJEWILITE.34.1.0117","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5325/STUDAMERJEWILITE.34.1.0117","url":null,"abstract":"Why did Delmore Schwartz linger in cultural memory, even as his poetry was more and more overlooked? This essay argues that it is Schwartz’s Jewishness that marked him a celebrity of his literary generation, and that his poetry had little, if anything, to do with it. Rather, Schwartz’s cultural identity branded him. Schwartz’s vast influence among his peers arises from his unique social position: the poet at midcentury nurtured on the values of New Criticism in conflict with the emerging tastes of postwar audiences; in addition: the Jewish American, largely second-generation, determined to embrace a national identity and detach himself from religion and ethnic practices and affiliations of earlier generations. The uncertainties, ambiguities and disorienting evolutions in each of these subject positions leave both poets and Jews searching for a comfortable perch. The impact of these changes on Schwartz, who was both, would have devastating effects; and it is in the shadow of that devastation that we find his lasting cultural legacy. In order to understand Schwartz’s continuing resonance, then, we have to examine how two identities—poet and Jew—collide and concatenate in the culture of the fifties, and become paradigmatic of the irreconcilable forces that lie at the center of the American artist’s experience at midcentury.","PeriodicalId":41533,"journal":{"name":"Studies in American Jewish Literature","volume":"34 1","pages":"117 - 133"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2015-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.5325/STUDAMERJEWILITE.34.1.0117","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70896991","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Hebrew on a Desert Island: The Case of Annabelle Farmelant","authors":"Adriana X. Jacobs","doi":"10.5325/STUDAMERJEWILITE.34.1.0154","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5325/STUDAMERJEWILITE.34.1.0154","url":null,"abstract":"The poetic output of the American-born poet and playwright Annabelle “Chana” Farmelant consists entirely of two books of Hebrew poetry, Iyyim bodedim (Desert Islands) and Pirchei zehut (Flowers of Identity), published in Israel in the early 1960s. In this article, I offer an overview of Farmelant’s oeuvre through my own English translations of her poems and in the context of American Hebrew literary history and scholarship, which has long neglected women writers. Farmelant’s short career as a poet notwithstanding, her work engaged directly—and thereby offers crucial attestation of—the gender politics and U.S.-Israel literary relations that contributed to the decline of American Hebrew literature in the mid-twentieth century and to Farmelant’s early departure from the field of modern Hebrew poetry.","PeriodicalId":41533,"journal":{"name":"Studies in American Jewish Literature","volume":"34 1","pages":"154 - 174"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2015-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.5325/STUDAMERJEWILITE.34.1.0154","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70897626","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Bounty of the Earth: I. J. Schwartz’s Kentucky","authors":"Avraham Novershtern","doi":"10.5325/STUDAMERJEWILITE.34.1.0006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5325/STUDAMERJEWILITE.34.1.0006","url":null,"abstract":"I. J. Schwartz’s book Kentucky (1925) includes six long epic poems telling variegated life experiences, both of Jews and non-Jews (mostly African-Americans) set against the background of post–Civil War Kentucky. This was a marginal topic in American Yiddish poetry, which centered mostly around the New York urban landscape. The longest and most significant text in the book, “Nayerd” (New Earth), tells the story of three generations in a typical, almost normative Jewish family making its way in the new environment. On the one hand, the epic narrator depicts the financial success of the protagonist, as well as the gradual distancing of his family from its Jewish cultural baggage, as an inevitable process that is pointless to bemoan. On the other hand, the family’s confrontation with the Jewish experience remains one of the main topics in the poem. “Nayerd” is a narrative poem that lacks any overriding ideological thesis. It presents the life experiences of its protagonists by means of a pragmatic psychological and moral approach that appears to be very American, thus challenging implicitly the main tenets of the American Yiddish poetry of its time.","PeriodicalId":41533,"journal":{"name":"Studies in American Jewish Literature","volume":"34 1","pages":"23 - 6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2015-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.5325/STUDAMERJEWILITE.34.1.0006","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70897312","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}