Ukraïnsʹkij žurnal medicini, bìologìï ta sportu最新文献

{"title":"Study of the Features of the Structure of the Cardiovascular System Diseases, Injuries and Combat Wounds of the Chest during Martial Law","authors":"V. Lazoryshynets, M. Rudenko, S. O. Siromakha, T. A. Andrushchenko","doi":"10.26693/jmbs08.01.241","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26693/jmbs08.01.241","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of the work was to study the frequency of diseases of the cardiovascular system, the frequency and nature of received injuries and combat wounds of the chest in order to ensure the proper quality of the provision of highly qualified medical care of the cardiosurgical profile. Materials and methods. The study included military personnel who took part in combat operations and received injuries and combat wounds of the chest, as well as requiring surgical treatment for diseases of the cardiovascular system. The study was carried out on the basis of the State Institute “Amosov National Institute of Cardiovascular Surgery affiliated to National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine”. Results and discussion. The article presents the results of the analysis of the primary accounting medical documentation, clinical data, research on the evacuation routes of servicemen with diseases of the cardiovascular system, injuries and combat chest wounds received during hostilities. According to the basics of medical care, all military personnel must be knowledgeable about cardiopulmonary resuscitation, bleeding control, immobilization, dressings, transportation of the wounded and evacuation, communication with other levels of medical care, and be able to fill out reports on accounting for combat wounds and injuries that will accompany soldiers during evacuation to medical facilities. After analyzing in more detail the mechanism of damage/injury to the chest according to the primary medical record documentation, as well as according to the medical card of the outpatient/inpatient patient, it was found that during the provision of specialized cardiosurgical care in 3 cases out of 7, there was a need for the involvement of specialists from other medical specialties. Having specified the clinical cases of combat injuries and wounds of the chest, it was established in which specialists there was a need for consultation and joint surgical intervention: a thoracic surgeon, an orthopedic trauma surgeon, a neurosurgeon, and others. The above determines the expediency of creating multidisciplinary medical teams, approving their work schedule/shifts during martial law. Conclusion. The study has begun on creating a clinical registry of diseases of the circulatory system, injuries and combat wounds of the chest in military personnel and civilians. The main types of injuries and combat wounds of the chest were established, nosological forms of diseases of the circulatory system were clarified. When analyzing the clinical forms of injuries and combat wounds of the chest, the feasibility of creating multidisciplinary medical teams to ensure the proper quality of medical care and increase its efficiency was substantiated","PeriodicalId":413454,"journal":{"name":"Ukraïnsʹkij žurnal medicini, bìologìï ta sportu","volume":"56 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124294513","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Features of Psychopathological Symptoms in Combatants with Non-Psychotic Mental Disorders Who Had COVID-19","authors":"M. Koval, O. Venger","doi":"10.26693/jmbs08.01.115","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26693/jmbs08.01.115","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of the work was to study the peculiarities of the expressiveness of psychopathological symptoms in combatants with non-psychotic mental disorders who suffered from the COVID-19 disease. Materials and methods. 252 combatants with non-psychotic mental disorders took part in the study, based on the examination of 132 combatants who did not have COVID-19 and 120 – who had COVID-19. Results and discussion. Significantly lower indicators of expressiveness of psychopathological symptoms were found in combatants who did not suffer from COVID-19, and the basis of psychopathological manifestations are: obsessive-compulsive disorders – 2.42 ± 0.33 and 2.55 ± 0.36 points, respectively (р <0.01); depression – 2.20 ± 1.15 and 2.66 ± 1.03 points (p <0.01); anxiety – 2.18 ± 0.91 and 2.41 ± 0.89 points (p <0.05). Manifestations of somatization are: auxiliary psychopathological constructs – 1.63 ± 1.07 and 2.47 ± 0.80 points (р <0.01); interpersonal sensitivity – 1.23 ± 0.96 and 1.52 ± 0.97 points, respectively (p <0.05); hostility – 1.31 ± 0.38 and 1.42 ± 0.39 points (p <0.05) and phobic anxiety – 1.23 ± 0.49 and 1.28 ± 0.48 points (p>0.05), with insignificant expressiveness of paranoid symptoms and psychoticism. It was established that combatants who suffered from the disease of COVID-19 had significantly higher levels of post-traumatic stress – 88.9 ± 16.6 and 97.8 ± 15.7 points, respectively (p <0.01), invasion symptoms – 24.5 ± 4.4 and 26.3 ± 4.9 points (p <0.01); avoidance – 23.1 ± 5.8 and 25.7 ± 5.0 points (p <0.01); excitability – 21.6 ± 5.1 and 23.8 ± 4.5 points (p <0.01); guilt – 19.7 ± 5.4 and 22.0 ± 5.0 points (p <0.01), and post-traumatic depression – 5.3 ± 4.1 and 8.2 ± 5.1 points; anxiety – 4.9 ± 3.7 and 6.8 ± 3.8 points (p <0.01), and stress – 8.1 ± 4.2 and 10.3 ± 4.1 points (p <0.01). Deterioration of cognitive functioning with a decrease in the speed and efficiency of cognitive processes was established, which did not reach the level of severe cognitive dysfunction, more pronounced in patients who suffered from COVID-19, which was manifested by a decrease in performance indicators of the TMT-A test – respectively, 37.0 ± 12.2 and 45.9 ± 14.8 sec. (p <0.01); TMT-B – 147.4 ± 37.6 and 164.4 ± 53.8 sec. (p <0.05); indicators of semantic verbal speed: number of words for letter “K” – 18.2 ± 5.4 and 16.8 ± 5.4 words (p <0.01); words for letter “P” – 16.6 ± 5.7 and 15.2 ± 5.6 words (p <0.05); words “Male names” – 17.1 ± 5.1 and 15.7 ± 5.1 words (p <0.01); words “Fruits/furniture” – 16.0 ± 5.3 and 14.7 ± 5.2 words (p <0.05), as well as slowing down the Stroop test: reading the names of colors printed in black – 51.5 ± 9.6 and 57.6 ± 8.9 sec. (p <0.01), color naming – 77.0 ± 16.9 and 86.7 ± 17.4 sec. (p <0.01), reading the names of colors where the color of the font differs from the meaning of the word – 131.2 ± 20.4 and 142.1 ± 19.9 sec., naming the color of a word where the color of the font differs from the meaning of the word – 50.5 ± 9.6 ","PeriodicalId":413454,"journal":{"name":"Ukraïnsʹkij žurnal medicini, bìologìï ta sportu","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128322282","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anthropometric Characteristics of the Face in Patients with Congenital Defects of Alveolar Process on Maxilla before Surgical Intervention","authors":"M. Kulynych, Yu. O. Mochalov","doi":"10.26693/jmbs08.01.165","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26693/jmbs08.01.165","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of the study was to investigate the anthropometric parameters of the nasolabial complex in patients with different sizes of the congenital defect of the alveolar process before surgical intervention. Materials and methods. To achieve the goal, a clinical assessment of the nasolabial complex was carried out in 54 children with clefts of upper lip and palate (aged 10 to 19 years). The next indicators were included: the length of the nasal wing, the width of the bottom in the nostril, the vertical displacement of the nasal wing and their ratios. The children were divided into three subgroups, depending on the size of the bone defect, which involved the planning of a different type of surgical intervention: 1 (n=13) – recovery of the defect without osteoplasty, 2 (n=11) – osteoplasty using the mandibular symphysis tissue, 3 (n=30) – osteoplasty using an autograft from tibia. Results and discussion. Clefts of upper lip and palate are accompanied by numerous anatomical and functional disorders in the maxillofacial system. Reconstruction of the maxilla alveolar processes on the cleft side is a necessary stage of the complex rehabilitation of the patient. The degree of severity of functional disorders in cases of clefts of upper lip and palate depends on many factors and conditions – the form and size of the cleft, the patient's age, concomitant local and general somatic pathology, as well as the success of the performed complex treatment. Fixation of the patient's rehabilitation process by photography and analysis of clinical photos are important components of evaluation of treatment results. The volume of the congenital (residual) defect of the alveolar process on maxilla directly affects the level of facial asymmetry which is reflected in changes in the ratios on the affected and healthy side – the length of the nasal wing, the width of the nostril, the angles of the base of the nasal wing. Such anthropometric data may be crucial points in the selection of surgical intervention methods and the use of different autologous transplants. The obtained results are consistent with similar studies by Ajami S., 2020, which established pronounced differences in the structure of the nasolabial complex even under the conditions of full and timely rehabilitation of children with congenital cleft of the upper lip and palate, compared to the ethnic anthropometric norm of healthy patients. And the sooner the integrity of the upper lip is restored, the better the symmetry of the nasolabial complex is achieved. Alveolar process plasty significantly equalizes the symmetry of the nose and upper lip in patients with congenital cleft of the upper lip and palate, which was shown by three-dimensional anthropometric studies in a number of clinics around the world. Conclusion. Anthropometry (photogrammometry) of the nasolabial complex on the face is an additional method in diagnostic that is necessary to make the correct clinical decisions during the planning of re","PeriodicalId":413454,"journal":{"name":"Ukraïnsʹkij žurnal medicini, bìologìï ta sportu","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114803343","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Changes in Left Ventricular Diastolic Function in Patients with Ischemic Heart Disease Depending on the Severity of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus","authors":"M. Koshkina","doi":"10.26693/jmbs08.01.133","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26693/jmbs08.01.133","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of the study was to determine the characteristics of changes in the diastolic function of the left ventricle in patients with coronary heart disease and type 2 diabetes mellitus of various degrees of severity. Materials and methods. The study included 106 patients with an average age of 68.8 ± 8.9 years (46.2% men (average age 65.2 ± 9.0 years) and 53.9% women (average age 71.6 ± 7.8 years)) with isolated coronary heart disease and in comorbidity with type 2 diabetes mellitus of various degrees of severity, which formed 4 research groups: the first group included 36 patients with a monocourse of coronary heart disease (average age 66.4 ± 10.1 years); the second group included 21 patients with coronary heart disease and mild type 2 diabetes mellitus (average age 71.9 ± 9.4 years); the third group – 28 people with coronary heart disease and type 2 diabetes mellitus of an average degree of severity (average age 69.7 ± 8.0 years) and the fourth group – 21 patients with coronary heart disease and type 2 diabetes mellitus with a severe course (average age 67.9 ± 6.5 years). All patients were receiving inpatient treatment in the cardiology department of the Communal Non-Profit Enterprise “City Clinical Hospital No. 27”. Results and discussion. The study showed that systolic blood pressure values are significantly higher in patients with coronary heart disease and moderate type 2 diabetes mellitus. In all groups of patients, the average values of both systolic and diastolic blood pressure were above normal values, which indicates the presence of hypertension. The average values of diastolic blood pressure increased with increasing severity of the course of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Regular reliable differences were found in the mean values of glucose metabolism indicators between groups. Also, triglyceridemia was reliably noted in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus with a severe course. In the data of the patients, a predominance of very low-density lipoprotein cholesterol concentrations was also noted. The vast majority of lipid metabolism indicators were within the reference values, which may be due to the effect of hypolipidemic therapy. Conclusion. The analysis showed that the value of the time of isovolumetric relaxation of the left ventricle and the time of slowing down of the E peak, which is a strong indicator of the development of diastolic dysfunction, increase significantly with the increasing severity of type 2 diabetes mellitus. At the same time, the values of the ejection fraction in the research groups of patients did not differ significantly and were almost at the same level, which indicates the long-term preservation of the systolic function of the heart and the possible development against this background of isolated diastolic dysfunction in patients with concomitant coronary heart disease and type 2 diabetes mellitus","PeriodicalId":413454,"journal":{"name":"Ukraïnsʹkij žurnal medicini, bìologìï ta sportu","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114393535","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of HIF1A Expression Level and Parenchymal-Stromal Relationships after Traumatic Air Shock Wave Exposure to the Liver","authors":"S. V. Kozlov, M. A. Korzachenko","doi":"10.26693/jmbs08.01.086","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26693/jmbs08.01.086","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of the study was to investigate, analyze and evaluate the expression level of HIF1A and parenchymal-stromal relations after traumatic air shock wave exposure to the liver. Materials and methods. The material for the study was the liver of 30 male rats, weighing 177.5 ± 15.8 g. All animals were randomly divided into three groups: group 1 consisted of intact rats (n - 6), group 2 – control (halothane anesthesia with fixation) (n - 12), group 3 (n - 12) – experimental animals (halothane anesthesia with fixation, traumatic single action of an air shock wave with an excess pressure of 31.6 ± 4.8, which was generated in the device developed by us). In order to study the reactive changes in the liver after exposure to an air shock wave, an immunohistochemical method was used to study the expression of the hypoxia marker HIF1A and a morphometric analysis of parenchymal-stromal relations on the 7th and 30th day of the experiment. Results and discussion. The studied expression of the transcription factor HIF1A in the liver after exposure to an air shock wave by the immunohistochemical method showed a relationship with the consequences that occur after the injury (alteration, inflammation, regeneration), as well as with the observation period and distribution in the liver parenchyma. Despite the diffuse injury of the liver, which occurs after a low-intensity exposure to an air shock wave, we record a high threshold of resistance of liver cells to the action of this traumatic factor. The absence of HIF1A expression in the liver one month after exposure to an air shock wave is a direct indication of the restoration of the functioning of specialized liver cells, despite the initial significant diffuse changes at the level of the microcirculatory channel of the liver lobules. Research has repeatedly shown the high regenerative potential of the liver, despite the factors of influence, toxic, mechanical, and others. Understanding the spatial response of liver cells to external and internal factors will allow us to assess the adaptive capabilities of the metabolism of hepatocytes that are in different conditions of blood supply, which will expand our knowledge about the pathogenesis of the post-traumatic period and offer new therapeutic tools for their correction. Conclusion. Morphometric analysis of parenchymal-stromal relations of the liver after a single exposure to an air shock wave showed a significant decrease in the area of hepatocytes by 8% and a significant increase in the area of connective tissue by almost 2.4 times on the 30th day of the post-traumatic period in comparison with the control group of animals. Evaluation of the level of expression of the transcription factor HIF1A in the liver at the stages of the post-traumatic period showed that moderate expression was characteristic of the subcapsular area of the liver in the early post-traumatic period. On the 30th day of the post-traumatic period, the accumulation of the HIF1A marker in t","PeriodicalId":413454,"journal":{"name":"Ukraïnsʹkij žurnal medicini, bìologìï ta sportu","volume":"60 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116702441","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Competence Approach to the Study of Histology, Cytology and Embryology","authors":"O. D. Lysachenko, V. Shepitko, N. Boruta, Y. Stetsuk, L. B. Pelypenko, O. Vilkhova, O. Voloshina","doi":"10.26693/jmbs08.01.253","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26693/jmbs08.01.253","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of the study was to reveal the features of the competence approach to the study and assimilation of knowledge in histology, cytology and embryology by students of higher medical education. Materials and methods. Analysis, generalization and systematization of information of scientific and methodical work were used in the study. Results and discussion. A competence approach to the educational process is an approach that clearly outlines the competencies that must be acquired and implemented in real life during future professional activity. Today, medical institutions of higher education combine traditional and innovative teaching methods. The acquisition of professional competencies is more effective due to the application of the latest learning technologies and the introduction of modern methodological approaches in the study of theoretical and clinical disciplines. The latest methods and technologies provide a personally oriented approach to learning, develop critical thinking, cognitive activity, contribute to self-improvement and self-education of the future doctor. In the process of training, medical students acquire the following competencies: integral – the ability to solve tasks and problems in professional health care activities; general – the ability to apply knowledge in practical situations and professional activities; special – the ability to determine the structural components of organs and systems; the ability to use the acquired knowledge for further diagnosis of pathological changes in the clinic; the ability to evaluate the results of laboratory tests, make a diagnosis, determine the nature of treatment; skills in performing medical manipulations, etc. When determining the forms of pedagogical activity at the Department of Histology, Cytology, and Embryology, the competence approach to the study of histology is preferred. A competence approach to education is the key to students acquiring high-quality knowledge, skills and abilities that will meet the modern needs of the medical field and the expectations of patients. The examples of the methods used to develop competencies among students include the method of working with material in small groups, evaluating advantages and disadvantages and the method of comparisons (searching for common and distinctive features when determining and comparing histological structures). Conclusion. Thanks to the competence approach to education, the tasks set for higher medical education students are successfully implemented: acquiring professional competencies, acquiring quality knowledge, abilities and skills, forming clinical thinking, developing communication, mental and practical abilities, which will facilitate the adaptive process of future doctors","PeriodicalId":413454,"journal":{"name":"Ukraïnsʹkij žurnal medicini, bìologìï ta sportu","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129455379","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effectiveness оf Mobilization аnd Ischemic Compression in Adhesive Capsulitis and Myofascial Pain Syndrome","authors":"A. P. Rusanov, I. V. Roi, N. Borzykh, A. Kudrin, V. Vitomskyi","doi":"10.26693/jmbs08.01.228","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26693/jmbs08.01.228","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of the study was to investigate the effect of end- range mobilization and ischemic compression on the range of motion and pain scores in patients with adhesive capsulitis of the shoulder joint and myofascial pain syndrome in the thoracic spine. Materials and methods. 20 patients participated in the study. Goniometry of the shoulder joint, pain assessment on a numerical scale at the endpoints of the range of motion and trigger points (when applying a pressure of 2.5 kg×cm-2) were performed before the intervention, at the end of the first week of therapy, at the end of the second and third week. Physical therapy began after an examination and consultation with an orthopedic traumatologist. All patients received intensive end-range mobilization performed by a physical therapist and ischemic compression performed by the patient 5 times a week (3 weeks). Mobilization techniques from I to V degrees of intensity according to the Maitland classification system were used. Localization of active and latent trigger points was determined, their marking was carried out on an individual map, which was provided to the patient. The patient was instructed in techniques and methods of influencing trigger points of various locations. Compression was performed with an average or above average pain level and a duration of 30 seconds for each trigger point. Results and discussion. The existence of differences in the results of the amplitude was established, taking into account the time factor. The median score for active abduction increased by 65.5° and for flexion – by 115.5°. The amplitude of active internal rotation increased by 73°, and external – by 72°. According to Friedman's test, similar results were obtained when comparing pain indicators, which were assessed at the endpoints of the range of motion. The dynamics of medians was from 5 to 6 points. The median trigger point pain score decreased by 5.5 points after three weeks of physical therapy. The results obtained when studying the effectiveness of ischemic compression in patients with adhesive capsulitis of the shoulder joint and myofascial pain syndrome are consistent with the conclusions of previous studies and complement the data presented in the literature. Conclusion. Physical therapy, which consists of a combination of end-range mobilization and ischemic compression, is effective in increasing passive and active range of motion in the shoulder joint, reducing pain at the end of the range of motion, and reducing pain at trigger points","PeriodicalId":413454,"journal":{"name":"Ukraïnsʹkij žurnal medicini, bìologìï ta sportu","volume":"91 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124600138","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Features of VR Rehabilitation in Patients with Parkinson's Disease","authors":"S. K. Nazhar Saleh, S. V. Seleznyova, O. Kozynskyi, Sevinj Ali-Kyzy Mamedalieva, Singh Hira Harpreet","doi":"10.26693/jmbs08.01.041","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26693/jmbs08.01.041","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of the study was to determine the possibilities and effectiveness of VR rehabilitation in patients with Parkinson's disease compared to conventional rehabilitation intervention according to literature sources. Materials and methods. The study was carried out based on the results of the research and analysis of existing global scientific studies with the establishment of the possibilities and effectiveness of VR rehabilitation in patients with Parkinson's disease compared to the usual rehabilitation intervention. The search for information was performed using domestic and foreign Internet resources such as Google Scholar, PubMed, Medscape, Scopus, Web of Science databases, etc. Results and discussion. Treatment for Parkinson's disease is aimed at restoring motor and non-motor manifestations, which is corrected by appropriate pharmacological and surgical means, which are not fully effective without the addition of adequate rehabilitation interventions. Drug therapy is effective only in the first stages of the disease (some disorders do not respond to pharmacological agents at all); and deep stimulation of the affected area of the brain by implanting electrodes with their incorrect intraoperative location or incorrect stimulation parameters can provoke additional motor and sensory disorders and other adverse reactions. Physical rehabilitation in Parkinson's disease is an effective addition to drug therapy and surgery, and a long-term rehabilitation intervention effectively improves motor skills and cognitive abilities in this disease. In Parkinson's disease, rehabilitative measures aimed at motor-cognitive interactions are more useful in the early stages, which makes it possible to improve motor skills and general daily activities of the patient in real life. However, with the progression of Parkinson's disease, motor-cognitive impairments significantly limit the ability to learn, so it is directed at altered subcortical and cortical mechanisms of plasticity, which makes patients especially dependent on external sources of feedback. This problem is quite well leveled by the use of VR rehabilitation mechanisms. The effectiveness of rehabilitation with VR methodology in Parkinson's disease is determined by the need to take into account the arising sensory-motor and cognitive disorders, accurate assessment of the effectiveness of rehabilitation measures, optimized adaptation and safety for the patient himself. Conclusion. When determining the possibilities of VR rehabilitation technologies in patients with Parkinson's disease compared to conventional rehabilitation intervention, it was determined that these technologies are the most promising methods of treatment and rehabilitation intervention and an effective tool for the revitalization of disorders, have a number of advantages in the rehabilitation of gait and balance disorders, cognitive shifts, improving the quality of life and daily activities of patients, leveling neuropsychic sympto","PeriodicalId":413454,"journal":{"name":"Ukraïnsʹkij žurnal medicini, bìologìï ta sportu","volume":"91 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122211781","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dynamics of Changes in the Content of Cadmium and Nitrate Ion Compounds in the Ecosystem of the Ciscarpathia","authors":"L. Nechytailo, S. Danyliv, S. V. Shkurashkivska, L. Kuras","doi":"10.26693/jmbs08.01.273","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26693/jmbs08.01.273","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of the study was to form an algorithm for constant control of the content of cadmium and nitrate ions as an important component of environmental monitoring in the Ciscarpathia ecosystem. Materials and methods. The soils and drinking water of the plain, foothill and mountainous areas of the region were the object of research. The cadmium content was determined by atomic absorption spectrophotometry on a C-115 PC spectrophotometer. The concentration of nitrate ions in drinking water was determined potentiometrically using an ion-selective electrode. Results and discussion. The Ciscarpathia is a unique region of Ukraine with rich natural resources, diverse flora and fauna. At the same time, more than 500 industrial enterprises (more than 4% of the total area) of the chemical, energy, oil and gas, woodworking and other industries are located in the region. These enterprises cause a significant man-made load on all components of the natural environment. The ecological situation of the Ciscarpathian region is closely related to the state of soils and water resources. In this regard, it is appropriate to study and control the level of cadmium and nitrate compounds in the environment of the region. The study of the soils of the Carpathian region confirmed the growth of the cadmium toxic element, the content of which was by 1.3–1.5 times higher than the background indicators. It is determined that the level of nitrate ions in the drinking water of the plain zone exceeds the maximum permissible concentration by 1.5–2 times, and the physiological water completeness indicator – by 160–606 times; in the foothills and mountain zones the content of nitrates does not exceed the maximum permissible concentration, but it is by 35−253 times higher than the physiological water completeness indicator. The main stages of entry and accumulation of cadmium in the plant body have been analyzed. Conclusion. The results of our research made it possible to establish significant differences in the content of cadmium and nitrate ions in the soils and drinking water of different geographical zones of the Carpathian region. In particular, a significant number of the population living in the plains and foothills consumes water with a high content of nitrate ions and cadmium, which leads to an increase in the combined effect of these toxicants on living organisms. It is proposed to carry out constant monitoring of the level of toxicants in the ecosystem as an important component of environmental monitoring. The use of cultivated plants is recommended for cleaning the soil from cadmium contamination","PeriodicalId":413454,"journal":{"name":"Ukraïnsʹkij žurnal medicini, bìologìï ta sportu","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128553891","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Сharacteristics of Some Hemostasis System Indices in Patients with Compensated Chronic Cor Pulmonale of Broncho-Pulmonary Genesis and Peculiarities of Their Changes in Conditions of Comorbidity with Stable Coronary Heart Disease","authors":"Ye. Ye. Petrov, Yu. G. Burmak, T. A. Ivanytska, I. A. Pogoryelova, L. B. Nyemchenko","doi":"10.26693/jmbs08.01.140","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26693/jmbs08.01.140","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of the study was to research and analyze the peculiarities of changes of some hemostasis system indices and define their possible role in the formation of a vascular lesion in the patients with compensated chronic cor pulmolale of broncho-pulmonary genesis in conditions of its comorbidity with stable coronary heart disease. Materials and methods. The retrospective study and analysis of hemostasis system indices (platelet count, thrombin time, prothrombin time, antithrombin – III, plasma tolerance to heparin, plasmin lysis, fibrinogen, soluble fibrin) in 64 patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and compensated chronic cor pulmonale (29 female, 35 male, mean age – 54.6 ± 2.3) were carried out. 32 patients with the isolated pathology formed the comparative group whereas 32 patients with the comorbid coronary heart disease (exertional angina, functional class II-III, postinfarction or aterosclerotic cardiosclerosis) built the main group. The obtained research results of the patients of the main and comparative groups were compared both in groups and with the indices of practically healthy individuals (n = 15) of the same gender and age. Results and discussion. The obtained results indicated the presence of a significant increase of coagulation potential (the changes of indices of platelets, fibrinogen, plasma tolerance to heparin, antithrombin – III, and soluble fibrin) and activation of fibrinolysis system (thrombin time) and, simultaneous, its more pronounced depression (plasmin lysis) and increase of prothrombin time in case of presence of comorbid coronary heart disease in the patients with chronic cor pulmonale in conditions of chronic inflammatory process. Comorbidity promoted to the formation of disbalance of systemic correlation hemocoagulation and fibrinolysis. Our results confirm to a certain extent the following ideas of scientists: there are hypercoagulation and “exhaustion of the anticoagulant system potential” in case of combination of coronary heart disease and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; hypercoagulation together with the oxidative stress and chronic systemic inflammation are general pathogenic mechanisms of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and cardiovascular diseases, particularly of the coronary heart disease. Conclusion. The analysis of the changes of the hemostasis system indices in patients with compensated chronic cor pulmonale of broncho-pulmonary genesis indicates the presence of an increase of coagulation potential; the most significant changes with suppression of fibrinolytic activity are typical of the patients with comorbid coronary heart disease. The peculiarities of the hemostasis system changes in the patients with compensated chronic cor pulmonale of broncho-pulmonary genesis should be considered as a marker of the increased risk of the thrombogenic vascular complications. It should be taken into account for treatment-diagnostic strategy formation","PeriodicalId":413454,"journal":{"name":"Ukraïnsʹkij žurnal medicini, bìologìï ta sportu","volume":"601 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133465621","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}