Ukraïnsʹkij žurnal medicini, bìologìï ta sportu最新文献

{"title":"Biodynamics of the Technique of Barbell Jerk in Weightlifters of Different Sexes","authors":"V. G. Oleshko, G. Korobeynikov, O. Shynkaruk, S. O. Putsov","doi":"10.26693/jmbs08.01.311","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26693/jmbs08.01.311","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of the study was to examine the biodynamics of the clean and jerk technique of the different gender athletes in weightlifting. Materials and methods. The following methods were used in the study: the study of scientific and methodological literature, Internet resources, pedagogical observations, video recordings of competitions, biomechanical analysis of the structure of the movement of the barbell, methods of mathematical statistics. More than 90 elite weightlifters participated in the research, in the conditions of competitive activity at the World, European and Ukrainian championships during the last ten years. Results and discussion. The analysis of the biodynamic characteristics of the barbell clean and jerk technique shows that the individual values of the force of interaction of athletes with the barbell in weightlifters of different genders and groups of weight categories have some differences: some of them increase with an increase in the body weight of athletes, others decrease, and some do not change, respectively. The biodynamic characteristics of the barbell clean and jerk in female weightlifters in terms of the force of interaction with the barbell have significant differences from the similar strength characteristics of male weightlifters. Tendencies were established to decrease simultaneously with the increase in weight categories of athletes in the magnitude of the force of interaction of athletes with the barbell at the limit moment between the phases of pre-acceleration and the transition phase, in the transition phase (in clean), in the phase of active braking and drive (in women in jerk). The level of force applied to the barbell in the phase of the catch in jerk does not change in all weight category groups of male athletes. A comparative analysis of the biodynamic components of the technique of performing the clean in the different gender weightlifters shows that they have significant differences in the level of manifestation of the force of interaction with the barbell. At the same time, female athletes have higher level of interaction with the barbell than male. Such a conclusion requires coaches to take into account these features during the development of biodynamic characteristics of the technique of performing competitive exercises by athletes of different genders and groups of weight categories, as well as during the process of improving the technique of motor actions. The analysis of the characteristics of the force of interaction with the barbell of different gender athletes in the jerk phases shows that female weightlifters in some phases of the movement apply a higher level of maximum force to the barbell than male athletes, and in others, its level of force is lower, despite of the fact that they lift a barbell of much less weight. Conclusion. Most of the biodynamic components of the technique of lifting the barbell in jerk are significantly higher in women than in men. The vast majority of biodynami","PeriodicalId":413454,"journal":{"name":"Ukraïnsʹkij žurnal medicini, bìologìï ta sportu","volume":"25 5","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121009555","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Changes in Calculated Indices of Blood Serum Biochemical Indicators of Rats of Different Age after Filling of the Defect in the Metaphysis of the Femur Bone with Allogeneic Bone Implants Saturated with Mesench","authors":"P. Vorontsov, V. Tulyakov, T. I. Gulida","doi":"10.26693/jmbs08.01.068","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26693/jmbs08.01.068","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of the study was based on the analysis of calculated biochemical parameters of mineralization in the blood serum of laboratory rats to evaluate the course of metabolic processes in bone tissue after filling a defect of critical size in the metaphysis of the femur with allogeneic bone implants saturated with mesenchymal stem cells. Materials and methods. Indicators of mineralization of bone tissue in the blood serum of white rats were studied (the content of total protein, calcium, alkaline and acid phosphatase activity), the ratio of alkaline to acid phosphatase activity, as well as the degree of mineralization, were calculated. Results and discussion. In 3-month-old rats with alloimplants without mesenchymal stem cells on the 90th day, a decrease in the degree of mineralization was observed, which reflects the final stages of bone tissue remodeling by 1.13 times compared to the level of this in animals of a similar age and conditions of filling the defect on the 14th day (р = 0.008) and 1.12 times compared to the data on the 28th day of the experiment (р = 0.008). In 3-month-old rats with alloimplants saturated with mesenchymal stem cells, a decrease in the degree of mineralization on the 90th day was determined compared to that in experimental rats of a similar age and defect filling conditions on the 14th day by 1.13 times (p = 0.008), and compared with the data of the similar group on the 28th day – 1.14 times (p = 0.008), which reflects the delay in the course of the full stage of bone tissue remodeling due to the use of mesenchymal stem cells. The ratio of serum alkaline to acid phosphatase activity in 3-month-old rats with alloimplants saturated with mesenchymal stem cells was 1.32 times lower on the 14th day compared to the data of a group of the same age with alloimplants without mesenchymal stem cells (p = 0.008), and on the 90th day – by 1.12 times (p = 0.008), which also indicates a delay in the early stages of bone tissue mineralization due to the use of mesenchymal stem cells as part of alloimplants. In 12-month-old rats without the use of mesenchymal stem cells, on the 90th day, there was a decrease in the degree of mineralization by 1.10 times, in accordance with the level of this in a group of rats of a similar age and conditions of defect filling on the 14th day (р = 0.008) and by 1.09 times compared to that on the 28th day (p = 0.008), from which we can conclude about a progressive decrease in the activity of the final stages of bone tissue remodeling. The ratio of the activity of alkaline and acid phosphatase in 12-month-old rats with alloimplants without mesenchymal stem cells on the 90th day was significantly inferior to that in the corresponding 3-month-old animals by 1.12 times (p = 0.008), which indicates a lower activity of the initial stages of bone tissue mineralization in the late stages of defect healing. This indicator progressively decreased during the experiment. Thus, on the 28th day, it was 1.12 time","PeriodicalId":413454,"journal":{"name":"Ukraïnsʹkij žurnal medicini, bìologìï ta sportu","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125652205","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of Oral Hygiene and Periodontal Indices of 6–14-Year-Old Children with Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus","authors":"O. Sheshukova, I. Kuz, S. S. Bauman, K. S. Kazakova, A. S. Mosiienko, T. Polishchuk, V. Trufanova","doi":"10.26693/jmbs08.01.202","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26693/jmbs08.01.202","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of the study was to evaluate oral hygiene and periodontal indices in children with type 1 diabetes mellitus. Materials and methods. 258 children aged 6-14 years were examined, including 129 children with type 1 diabetes mellitus and 129 children without concomitant somatic diseases. All patients were divided into four subgroups according to the presence of gingivitis. We determined the oral hygiene index-simplified (according to Green, Vermillion, 1964), the papillary-marginal-alveolar index in Parma modification (1960), the gingival index according to Loe, Sillness (1967). The t-test for paired samples was used to compare values. The difference was considered statistically significant at p<0.05. Results and discussion. The worst level of oral hygiene was in group of children with type 1 diabetes mellitus and chronic catarrhal gingivitis because gum bleeding and pain in gums in these children did not allow them to make full efforts and carry out oral hygiene well. Our research showed a statistically significant difference between the patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus and control group in accordance with periodontal indices. Children with diabetes mellitus had the highest values of periodontal indices. The inflammatory processes in the tissues of periodontium in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus are expanded, so it is very important to recognize them and diagnose them as early as possible. Periodontal indices in patients of the youngest age subgroup, namely, both the group of patients with diabetes mellitus and the group of children without somatic pathologies were the lowest. The totality of data on periodontal indices in children with chronic catarrhal gingivitis and type 1 diabetes mellitus indicated an average degree of severity of gingivitis, namely, the papillary-marginal-alveolar index was 42.77 ± 1.31%, the gingival index was 1.81 ± 0.05 points. Protective mechanisms in young patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus are changed. Children with this endocrine illness suffer from swelling of the gums and have extreme gum bleeding along with the development of the main endocrinological disease compared to healthy patients of the same age. According to the results we obtained, we believe that screenings of the oral cavity and preventive programs should emphasize the importance of early diagnosis of gingivitis and periodontitis even during the milk and mixed bite period, particularly in children with type 1 diabetes mellitus. Conclusion. Children with type 1 diabetes mellitus had a worse state of oral hygiene than healthy children. Children with diabetes mellitus had gum bleeding both during the period of temporary bite, and during the period of mixed bite","PeriodicalId":413454,"journal":{"name":"Ukraïnsʹkij žurnal medicini, bìologìï ta sportu","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131164308","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"On the Equivalence of Control Exercises of Physical Training Standards to the Tabular System for Evaluating the Physical Fitness of Military Personnel and Their Adequacy to the Requirements of Combat Activity","authors":"Yevhen Anokhin, S. Romanchuk, A. Oderov, S. A. Barachevskyi, O. Pervachuk, M. Babych, A. V. Melnikov, Yurii Bobko, O. Bahas, O. Y. Slivinskyi","doi":"10.26693/jmbs08.01.285","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26693/jmbs08.01.285","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of the study was to investigate the adequacy of the standards of physical training of soldiers of the Ground Forces to the requirements that are objectively imposed on the physical fitness of soldiers by the content, nature and conditions of modern combat operations, as well as their equivalence to the tabular evaluation system; determine the possibility and expediency of their use in the educational process to assess the physical fitness of cadets. Materials and methods. To achieve the goal, a complex of general scientific research methods was used. The methods of theoretical analysis, synthesis, systematization, generalization of available information and practical experience were used to argue the main provisions of the research, generalize the available data, justify the place and role of control to ensure the effective functioning of the system of physical improvement of cadets of higher military educational institutions. The main material of the theoretical analysis was scientific articles and guiding documents on the management of physical training of military personnel of the leading countries in the military field of the world. Preference was given to printed official documentary materials, scientific articles and textbooks related to the development of methods for checking and assessing the physical condition of military personnel. Results and discussion. When assessing the physical fitness of the same cadets at the same time using the exercises of the standards of physical training of the Ground Forces soldiers and according to the requirements of the Physical Training Manual, radically opposite results were obtained. In accordance with the requirements of the standards, 100% of the personnel completed the established standards of control exercises and received a rating “completed”, and the physical readiness of the unit was rated “ready”. When assessing the physical fitness of cadets in accordance with the requirements of the 2021 Physical Training Instructions, only 53 cadets (42.4%) received positive evaluations, the remaining 72 cadets (57.6%) did not score the required 80 points in one or more exercises and, accordingly, received an unsatisfactory rating. The physical training of the unit according to the requirements of the 2021 Physical Training Instructions is also rated unsatisfactory. Conclusion. The norms of control exercises of the standards of physical training of servicemen of the Army of the Armed Forces of Ukraine are not equivalent to the norms of the tests of the tabular system for evaluating the physical fitness of servicemen, and their availability to cadets whose physical fitness is assessed as unsatisfactory according to the tabular system indicates their inadequacy to the requirements of combat activity for the physical fitness of servicemen. They do not allow obtaining reliable information about the level of physical readiness of personnel to perform combat tasks. Thus, their use in the educational p","PeriodicalId":413454,"journal":{"name":"Ukraïnsʹkij žurnal medicini, bìologìï ta sportu","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133506661","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preventive Medicine as a Component of Objective Structured Clinical Examination","authors":"O. Shevchenko, T. A. Holovkova, N. Onul, Yu. S. Kramaryova, O. Shtepa, S. Shchudro","doi":"10.26693/jmbs08.01.258","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26693/jmbs08.01.258","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of the study was to develop an optimal model of simulation and practical examination stations “hygiene and ecology” as components of objective structured clinical examination for the actualization of the formation of a preventive way of thinking among students of higher medical training. The paper analyzes the Passports of the simulation and practical stations of the objective structured clinical examination, their methodological and logistical support, which will allow to fully perform all the tasks and methods provided by the algorithms for mastering special professional competencies. The simulation station reproduces a number of real-life situations in specific tasks (25 options in total), the solution of which allows to assess the student's mastery of the professional competencies provided by the higher education standard, in particular: determining the risks to public health from the consumption of poor-quality drinking water, determining the nutritional status of the patient and the appropriateness of the prescription of therapeutic nutrition for the prevention of “diseases of civilization”, determining the requirements for compliance with sanitary and epidemiological requirements in health care facilities. The practical station is equipped with modern analytical instruments which allows the student to demonstrate their practical skills, in particular: bacterial air testing with evaluation of the results, research and evaluation of indoor microclimate parameters, research and evaluation of light environment parameters, measurement and evaluation of ionizing radiation, professional hand hygiene in health care facilities. To ensure high-quality training of students to perform the tasks of a practical station additional educational video guides were created, which are posted for general access on the department's page on the website of the University. Conclusion. Ukraine has now formed its own complex set of social, technogenic and environmental problems, which necessitates the development of appropriate skills and abilities in preventive medicine in future general practitioners. Objective structured clinical examination is a modern type of assessment of students' practical knowledge and skills, designed to test their acquisition of clinical skills and competencies that cannot be assessed by traditional forms of examinations. For the practical implementation of the preventive part of objective structured clinical examination in institutions of higher medical education, it should be taken into account that the traditional methods of protection and prevention, which have been developed by mankind over the centuries for the prevention of mass infectious, environmentally dependent, occupational and lifestyle diseases, in modern conditions are insufficient and/or ineffective","PeriodicalId":413454,"journal":{"name":"Ukraïnsʹkij žurnal medicini, bìologìï ta sportu","volume":"92 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126899906","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Socio-Economic Determinants of Children`s Dental Health. Literature Review","authors":"I. Mochalov","doi":"10.26693/jmbs08.01.030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26693/jmbs08.01.030","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of the work was to study the world literature on the socio-economic determinants of dental health among children. Materials and methods. An online information search was performed in the databases “PubMed”, “SciELO”, “Medcape” and “Science of Ukraine: access to knowledge” using the keywords “children caries”, “dental (oral) health”, “children and adolescents”, “social and economic determinants of health” with appropriate translations in foreign languages. Results and discussion. At the global level, dental diseases lead to serious medical and economic consequences which manifest themselves in the form of a significant decrease in the quality of life. The foundations of the dental health level are laid in childhood and are strengthened in adolescence, so these age groups of the population are the main “target audience” for disease prevention measures, valeological research, sanitary and educational work and the formation of appropriate habits. Socio-economic determinants of dental health in children, adolescents and adults on a global scale have been studied unevenly. Mostly, the results of research performed in the developed countries of the world are available. Such a situation creates a need for rethinking approaches and methods for assessing the problem of health care systems in separate countries and changing the methods for developing measures to influence the dental health of children and adolescents with high individualization and adaptation of socially oriented program products in health care. Giving a priority in the development of preventive programs in the field of health care to only individual and collective training measures and communal prevention does not allow to neutralize the negative impact of socio-economic conditions, and even more – it deepens inequality in dental health in the population, which is recognized as a problem by the World Health Organization. With regard to Ukraine, the presence of martial law and the continuation of fighting in certain countries have caused a number of demographic and socio-economic processes, which will be measured and evaluated after some time. But, unequivocally, the existing economic crisis, a decrease in the level of income of the population, negative demographic processes, complications of work in the health care system and other factors that can be defined as determinants of children's dental health continue to operate. Therefore, it is expected that we should be prepared for the deterioration of dental health indicators at the national level and the negative consequences of this. Conclusion. The main socio-economic determinants of children's dental health are recognized as: the level of economic development of the country, access to medical and dental care, the level of family wealth, the age and level of education of parents, their employment, the number of children in the family, the migration status of the family and separately – parents, local peculiarities of the cultu","PeriodicalId":413454,"journal":{"name":"Ukraïnsʹkij žurnal medicini, bìologìï ta sportu","volume":"198 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124437869","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Relationship of Maladaptation Factors with the Prevalence of Symptoms and Conditions of Vegetative Dysfunction Occurrence in Athletes","authors":"T. Oleshko, Y. Ataman, A. Boyko, A. Starchenko, N. Petrenko","doi":"10.26693/jmbs08.01.279","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26693/jmbs08.01.279","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of the study was to establish the connection between symptoms of autonomic dysfunction and factors that can increase the likelihood of its development. Materials and methods. A total of 150 athletes were examined. The number of women was 65 (43.3%), the average age of the examined was 22.8 2.9 years. During the collection of anamnesis, the athletes were separately asked to answer about the presence of such symptoms as the insufficient result of the performance of the coaching task, insufficient motivation, dissatisfaction with the construction of the training session, feeling of lack of progress, unpreparedness for the competition, feeling of overfatigue after training, disturbance of the emotional sphere, difficulty in performing other types of activities in non-exercise time, a feeling of muscle weakness, muscle pain, decreased tolerance to temperature effects, periodic dizziness when standing up, after performing exercises, periodic headaches and satisfaction with sleep. The design, purpose, tasks and methods of the conducted research were discussed at the meeting of the commission on bioethics of the Educational and Scientific Medical Institute of Sumy State University. Results and discussion. A significant difference in the frequency of detected symptoms between the studied groups was established and it was found that in almost all cases the criterion of statistical significance p was less than 0.001. This applied to all general, neurological and cardiac symptoms directly related to autonomic dysfunction. Insignificant differences were established only when comparing the frequency of disorders of the emotional sphere (p=0.176) and the motivational component (p=0.273). It was also shown that there is a certain connection between the specifics of training activities and other aspects of athletes' lives with the appearance of symptoms and conditions for the occurrence of autonomic dysfunction. These factors may be of limited importance, for example, the frequency of headaches increases exclusively in women, and in athletes aged 20-24 years problems with the motivational component prevail. The last symptom, together with disturbances in the emotional sphere, is also characteristic of those who have suffered significant injury during the last month. Conclusion. Resting autonomic dysfunction is largely unaffected by overexertion, although this may be the result of methodological issues that warrant further investigation. Heart rate acceleration appears to decrease in response to overexercise and therefore may be a potential indicator of exercise-induced fatigue","PeriodicalId":413454,"journal":{"name":"Ukraïnsʹkij žurnal medicini, bìologìï ta sportu","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130656282","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Actualization of Control of General Preparedness of Athletes Aged 12-13 Years in Taekwon-Do ITF","authors":"S. Danyshchuk, Y. Yatsiv, Y. Hnatchuk, I. Y. Hrobatyn","doi":"10.26693/jmbs08.01.297","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26693/jmbs08.01.297","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of the study was to define the structure of means of general preparedness control for athletes aged 12-13 in taekwon-do ITF. Materials and methods. The following methods were used: the method of theoretical analysis and academic and methodological references data generalization; analysis of document materials; the method of expert polling; methods of mathematical and statistical data processing. The structure and content of Training programs in taekwon-do ITF, WTF and karate WKF, rules of competitions in taekwon-do ITF were studied. Experts (24 coaches) determined priority variants of shuttle running, tests to control speed qualities, endurance, strength endurance of various muscles groups, explosive power, speed and power endurance, flexibility of athletes aged 12-13 in taekwon-do ITF. Results and discussion. The issue of various aspects of preparedness control in the system of multi-year athletes’ improvement has always been topical. Over 70 separate means suggested by specialists in various versions of taekwon-do to control general physical preparedness have been revealed. The issue of parameter actualization for control of general preparedness of athletes aged 12-13 in taekwon-do ITF has emerged. The battery of tests in general physical preparedness of athletes aged 12-13 in taekwon-do ITF included: shuttle running 3x10 m (agility), 30-meter dash speed, 1000-meter run (endurance), chin-up and body lifting from the sitting position (power endurance), padded ball throw upfront and long jump from the spot (explosive power), skip rope jumping for 60 seconds, squats on one leg (30 sec), multiple jumps on one leg for 20 seconds (speed and power endurance), side splits, forward body lean in standing position, and “bridge” (flexibility).The following tests have been used to control coordination qualities: “8-shapes running with direction change” aimed at determination of general coordination; “rotation jumps (left-right)” – space perception; “the difference between forward and backwards jump” – distance perception; “three rotations forward – three rotations backwards” (time forward, time backwards, overall time) – keeping kinematic and dynamic motion characteristics; “Romberg’s test right/left” – statistical balance; dynamic balance and complex instrumental measurement of complex and specific reactions. Conclusion. Based on the research, parameters for control of general physical preparedness of athletes aged 12-13 years in taekwon-do ITF have been specified","PeriodicalId":413454,"journal":{"name":"Ukraïnsʹkij žurnal medicini, bìologìï ta sportu","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116657164","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Homocysteine as a Biomarker of Vascular Pathology","authors":"O. Vynogradova, L. Minko, O. Slaba, V. Dyryk, T. Vykhtyuk, V. M. Batig","doi":"10.26693/jmbs08.01.014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26693/jmbs08.01.014","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of the study was to analyze professional literature sources devoted to the influence of homocysteine on the development of vascular disorders. The role of homocysteine as a biomarker of vascular pathology is considered. Materials and methods. Bibliosemantic and analytical methods were used in the study. The analysis of the specialized literature (47 sources) was carried out using information in the scientific-metric databases MEDLINE/PubMed, Scopus and Google Scholar. Results and discussion. Homocysteinemia is a pathological condition associated with quite serious consequences for the body; the endothelium of vessels suffers mostly: systemic endothelial dysfunction develops (including disruption of the synthesis and exchange of the endothelium-relaxing factor – nitric oxide), oxidative stress, activation of platelet aggregation, hypercoagulation occurs (due to a decrease in the activity of heparin, thrombomodulin and an increase in the activity of thromboxane A2). The prevalence of hyperhomocysteinemia in Ukraine is quite high and reaches 10% among healthy adults, 2% among young people and adolescents, from 13% to 43% in patients with cardiovascular pathology. The C677T polymorphism of the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase gene is widespread among the population of Ukraine (40.7%). Researchers believe that hyperhomocysteinemia is an independent and modifiable risk factor for vascular pathology. Conclusion. Homocysteine is recognized as one of the markers of vascular pathology. Scientists consider the activation of oxidative stress, damage to the endothelium, stimulation of the proliferation of smooth muscle cells, and pro-inflammatory effects to be the main mechanisms of vascular damage in hyperhomocysteinemia. The described pathological changes are accompanied by a violation of the regulation of vascular tone, mostly due to a decrease in the synthesis of nitric oxide. Unbalanced synthesis of nitric oxide causes and potentiates oxidative stress, the processes of atherothrombogenesis. The professional literature presents enough scientific data that convincingly prove the role of homocysteine in the development of cardiovascular and neurological pathology. However, there is a small number of studies devoted to the relationship between hyperhomocysteinemia and periodontal diseases, and the pathogenetic mechanisms of the influence of hyperhomocysteinemia on the development of vascular disorders in coronavirus disease are not fully disclosed","PeriodicalId":413454,"journal":{"name":"Ukraïnsʹkij žurnal medicini, bìologìï ta sportu","volume":"2017 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127557374","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Craniotopographic Characteristics of Sinuous-Liquor Relationships in Mature People","authors":"S. Bondarenko, S. O. Dubina, S. Serbin, D. Khapchenkova, I. O. Fedorova, M. Koptev, S. Danylchenko","doi":"10.26693/jmbs08.01.062","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26693/jmbs08.01.062","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of the study was to determine the craniotopographic (craniometric) indicators of sinuous-liquor relationships in the horizontal plane in people of the first and second periods of mature age, based on the maximum permissible depth of its introduction. Materials and methods. The object of the study was the dura mater of the brain with its sinuses, the ventricles of the brain and the vault of the skull of mature people. The study was performed on 100 corpses of people of different ages and gender with the manufacturing of native preparations of the brain with membranes and liquor structures. Of the indicated number of morphological objects, 70 preparations of veins and sinuses of the dura mater of the brain and 30 preparations of the cerebrospinal fluid system of the brain of mature people were made. The study used such research methods as: macro- and micropreparation of anatomical objects of the brain; cranio- and morphometry of veins, sinuses of the dura mater of the brain and liquor structures of the brain; manufacturing of corrosive (acrylic) casts – preparations of veins, sinuses of the dura mater of the brain and liquor formations of the brain; injection technique; variational-statistical analysis of morphometric data; computer-graphic analysis. Results and discussion. As a result of the study, it was found that the puncture of the central part of the lateral ventricle is better to be performed at the level of the bregma point, or between this point and the vertex (v). The puncture needle penetrates to a depth of 6.0–7.0 cm through the milling hole, which is displaced by 3.0–4.0 cm from the arrow line at an angle of 70–75°. The obtained data make it possible to determine the most optimal craniometric puncture points of the cerebrospinal fluid system of the brain. To penetrate into the cavity of the anterior horn of the lateral ventricle, the metopion point is proposed, which is located at the intersection of the median plane of the head with the line connecting the most convex areas of the frontal humps. The upper puncture of the lateral ventricle is better to be performed by puncturing at the bregma point (the point of connection of the sagittal and coronal sutures) 2.0 cm from the midline (sagittal plane); the needle is directed down and backwards and at a depth of 5–6 cm (taking into account that it is enlarged and stretched) it enters the ventricular cavity. The suboccipital puncture or a puncture of the cerebellar-cerebral cistern must be performed between the opisthocranion and lambda points. The puncture needle is inserted to a depth of 6.0–7.5 cm, and the end of the needle is gradually lowered to the base of the skull. Conclusion. The most optimal puncture points of the constituent parts of the cerebrospinal fluid system of the brain – the cavity of the anterior horn and the central part of the lateral ventricle, the cavity of the cerebellar-cerebral cistern – were determined using craniometric analysis","PeriodicalId":413454,"journal":{"name":"Ukraïnsʹkij žurnal medicini, bìologìï ta sportu","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127980298","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}