Vestnik Sankt-Peterburgskogo Universiteta-Yazyk i Literatura最新文献

{"title":"Context-dependent variation of a naming across the euphemism/dysphemism spectrum","authors":"T. Fomina, A. Druzhinin","doi":"10.21638/spbu09.2023.108","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu09.2023.108","url":null,"abstract":"The object of the investigation are X-phemisms (euphemisms or/and dysphemisms), i. e. units of affective semantics and polite communication. Euphemisms and dysphemisms that make evaluative judgements and stance taking possible are treated dialectically, as variants of a naming in/through its contextual ambivalence and the relativity of its affective semantics (relationality). The evidential base of the research builds on the findings of theoretical analysis and empirical investigation of context, in which direct and indirect naming identifies with a positive or negative stance taken by the ‘namer’ (i. e. speaker). Theoretical interpretation of the context-dependent variation of a naming is based on the textological analysis of dictionary, functional and occasion-specific euphemism and dysphemism on the level of structural semantics with the use of lexicographical and culturological data as well as the pragmatical parameters of the discourse. Empirical analysis implies putting together observational data from the investigation of the experiential context of communicative actions upon the semantic units in question. The research material is based on the dialogical discourse of the TV show Desperate Housewives. A conclusion is made that X-phemism is a dynamic semantic unit characterized by affective valence and blurred lines between its positive and negative value. On a textuallevel, X-phemism is a contextually ambivalent naming.","PeriodicalId":41205,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik Sankt-Peterburgskogo Universiteta-Yazyk i Literatura","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79102426","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Publicism of F.M.Dostoevsky and A.I. Solzhenitsyn: From socialism to the “Russian idea”","authors":"Ludmila P. Gromova, Kseniya A. Kulko","doi":"10.21638/spbu09.2023.202","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu09.2023.202","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of the article is to describe the socio-political and philosophical views of Dostoevsky and Solzhenitsyn on socialism and the “Russian idea”. The empirical basis of the study is publications from Dostoevsky’s “Diary of the Writer”, as well as articles, interviews, speeches at press conferences by Solzhenitsyn. The study is divided into several parts: 1) analysis of thе views of Dostoevsky and Solzhenitsyn’s youth; 2) socialism as the antithesis of Christianity; 3) transformation of socialist ideas; 4) understanding of the “Russian idea”. Dostoevsky’s “Diary of the Writer presented not a rejection of socialist ideas, but a critique of the European version of socialism and an understanding of “Russian socialism”. This becomes the basis for the formulation of the “Russian idea”, associated for Dostoevsky with the conviction that the Russian nation must bring true Orthodoxy to other nations. The novelty of research is that it presents a comparative analysis of Dostoevsky’s and Solzhenitsyn’s ideas about socialism, messianism, the “Russian idea”, and the fate of Russian people. These ideas are reflected in the authors’ publicism related to the issues of Russian pochvennichesvo. Solzhenitsyn argues about the fate of the people and its task. However, the “Russian idea” becomes “the preservation of people” and the rejection of global objectives. At the same time, these calls and Christian ideals are paradoxically combined in the work of Solzhenitsyn with a love for the revolution and the demand to fight communism in the USSR.","PeriodicalId":41205,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik Sankt-Peterburgskogo Universiteta-Yazyk i Literatura","volume":"57 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135912858","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Language-based transfer learning approaches for part-of-speech tagging on Saint Petersburg Corpus of Hagiographic texts (SKAT)","authors":"Vadim V. Gudkov, Olga V. Mitrenina, Evgenii G. Sokolov, Angelina A. Koval","doi":"10.21638/spbu09.2023.205","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu09.2023.205","url":null,"abstract":"The article describes an experiment about training a part-of-speech tagger using artificial neural networks on the St. Petersburg Corpus of Hagiographic Texts (SKAT), which is being developed at the Department of Mathematical Linguistics of St. Petersburg State University. The corpus includes the texts of 23 manuscripts dating from the 15th–18th centuries with about 190,000 words usages, four of which were labelled manually. The bi-LSTM, distilled RuBERTtiny2 and RuBERT models were used to train a POS tagger. All of them were trained on modern Russian corpora and further fine-tuned to label Old Russian texts using a technique called language transfer. To fine-tune transformer-based language models it was necessary to tokenize the texts using byte pair encoding and map tokens from the original Russian-language tokenizer to the new one based on indices. Then the model was fine-tuned for the token classification task. To fine-tune the model, a tagged subcorpus of three hagiographical texts was used, which included 35,603 tokens and 2,885 sentences. The experiment took into account only the tags of the parts of speech, the classification included seventeen tags, thirteen of which corresponded to parts of speech, and the remaining four marked punctuation marks. To evaluate the quality of the model, the standard metrics F1 and Accuracy were used. According to automatic evaluation metrics, the RuBERT model showed the best result. Most of the errors were related to incorrect generalization of linear position patterns or to the similarity of word forms in both the extreme left and extreme right positions.","PeriodicalId":41205,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik Sankt-Peterburgskogo Universiteta-Yazyk i Literatura","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135914626","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Estimation of regiolect speech and its speakers depending on social parameters","authors":"Elena V. Erofeeva, Ekaterina S. Khudyakova, Evgeniya V. Glazanova","doi":"10.21638/spbu09.2023.206","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu09.2023.206","url":null,"abstract":"The paper considers estimation of regiolect speech in accordance with metalinguistic characteristics, as well as estimation of the speakers by their speech depending on the place of residence of the speakers and the estimating experts, and on other social parameters. The study includes fragments of interviews with residents of Solikamsk and Kungur (two towns within the same region); the sample of the speakers is balanced by the factors “city of residence”, “gender”, “age”, and “education”. The respondents — residents of Solikamsk, Kungur, Perm and St Petersburg — estimated the speech according to six metalinguistic scales, and the speakers according to six social parameters. The results of the experiment showed that the boundaries of in- and outgroups are drawn differently depending on the scales used (a town vs a city or the same region vs a different region). Identification of social characteristics of the speaker by their speech demonstrates the following patterns: gender is identified accurately and predetermines the use of strong and uniform stereotypes; age is identified by the speech characteristics; education level is not significant according to our material. The connection between stereotypical representations of speech and the speaker under normal conditions is revealed. In regions or towns with a stable regional norm, speech social stereotypes based on this norm are developed. If the speech of a region or a town is a mixture of different language systems and the local norm is unstable, the formation of speech social stereotypes is complicated.","PeriodicalId":41205,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik Sankt-Peterburgskogo Universiteta-Yazyk i Literatura","volume":"94 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135914631","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Aspects of media communication in social networks","authors":"Y. V. Kobenko","doi":"10.21638/spbu09.2023.111","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu09.2023.111","url":null,"abstract":"The peer-reviewed two-volume monograph Social Networks: A Comprehensive Linguistic Analysis (2021) is devoted to the study of the existence of language in modern social networks. The first volume covers the general issues of the linguistic study of Internet communication, its linguocognitive and discursive aspects, as well as its characteristic speech genres. The second volume provides a description of linguo-personological, conflictological and linguo-didactic aspects of communication in social networks. Each volume has a predetermined structural sequence: an introduction by the scientific editor, three chapters, and an off-text bibliographiс list. Social networks in today’s world implement mainly the integrative function of language, aimed at overcoming spatio-temporal restrictions. An auxiliary machine translation option provided for major international Internet platforms also aims to remove the language barrier. The disintegrative potential of social networks, as an antinomic pandan of the integrative function, is manifested in the physical isolation and anonymization of users. The leading trends in the intralinguistic nature of media interaction should be recognized as the determination of industry terminologies as well as the hybridization of texts (turning them into hypertexts by supplying hyperlinks, supplying them metacommunicative symbols, etc.). The extralinguistic features include the massive nature of Internet bilingualism. In general, social networks continue the transhumanistic mission of language in the virtual space: to serve as a means of overcoming the negative aspects of being through the mediatization of man and society, which is expressed by such properties of Internet communication as achronism, acentricity (rhizomorphism), hybridity and alinearity.","PeriodicalId":41205,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik Sankt-Peterburgskogo Universiteta-Yazyk i Literatura","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89912148","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The meaning and functions of pragmatic markers in Russian oral speech","authors":"E. Erofeeva","doi":"10.21638/spbu09.2023.110","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu09.2023.110","url":null,"abstract":"* Review: Pragmatic Markers of Russian Everyday Speech: dictionary-monograph. Bogdanova-Beglaryan N. V. (comp., ed., forew.). The reviewed dictionary-monograph Pragmatic Markers of Russian Everyday Speech (St Petersburg, 2021) is devoted to the lexicographic description of pragmatic markers, considered as a class of discursive words whose typical features (absence of denotation, lexical and grammatical meanings, multi-categorization, multi-functionality) are manifested to the highest degree. The dictionary-monograph is the first dictionary that provides a detailed description of over 60 Russian discursive units in various contexts and in the variety of their functions, which makes it a unique phenomenon in modern Russian linguistic studies. The genre of the publication is defined not as a dictionary but as a dictionary-monograph, since the dictionary entries are not traditional. They are more like linguistic essays which include both common lexicographic zones and rich illustrative material, as well as the functions of the markers in speech. In addition, the description is given not in the genre of a dictionary but rather in the genre of a scientific article. All this provides extensive material important for understanding the functioning of markers in speech; without such data the dictionary of discursive units would not make sense. The dictionary is based on the results of work of many linguists while creating the corpora One speech day and Balanced annotated text collection and processing the richest material from these sources. The structure of the dictionary-monograph includes the editor’s preface, the dictionary of pragmatic markers itself, and some final reflections. The editor’s preface is a theoretical introduction that explains to the reader the point of view of the authors’ team on the units of the dictionary, and the results of the studies on how they function in speech. The most important part of the theoretical introduction is the typology of pragmatic markers based on the functions they perform in speech. The dictionary entry includes the headword, all the functions of the pragmatic marker, rich illustrative material from everyday speech for each of the marker’s functions and, in some cases, statistics on the use of the marker in a particular function. The dictionary clearly demonstrates multi-functionality of pragmatic markers. In conclusion, the author-compiler notes that the work on the dictionary is still in progress, and it is open for additions. A multimedia version of the dictionary is already available.","PeriodicalId":41205,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik Sankt-Peterburgskogo Universiteta-Yazyk i Literatura","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81121707","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metaphor as a means of describing flavor in the contemporary English-speaking culture","authors":"A. Nagornaya","doi":"10.21638/spbu09.2023.105","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu09.2023.105","url":null,"abstract":"The paper presents an analysis of metaphors used to describe flavor in the 21st century English-speaking culture. The analysis is based on the modern theories of taste developed within the Humanities and the most relevant ideas of Metaphor Studies. Among the latter is J.Zinken’s Discourse Metaphor Theory. According to it, metaphor can serve as a framing device, setting conceptual landmarks for oral and written narratives. The research was conducted on the basis of the culinary show MasterChef. The author made a sample of five hundred metaphors, which is representative enough to achieve the main objective of the research: to reveal the patterns of metaphorical activity in conceptualizing flavor and model the metaphoric landscape of flavor. The research shows that the metaphoric landscape of flavor is constructed around several discourse metaphors: flavor is an event, flavor is a dimensional object, flavor is balance, flavor is a living being, flavor is a form of art. Each discourse metaphor can be used as it is, represented in speech by the most typical verbal means. It can also be represented by its subordinate forms. For instance, the subordinate forms for the event metaphor are flavor is motion, flavor is an impact, flavor is an explosion, and others. Genetically different metaphors may be combined within one description conveying different aspects of flavor. Metaphor expands the repertoire of means used for communicating flavor experience and is a full-fledged means of its cognition and verbalization, alongside qualia terms.","PeriodicalId":41205,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik Sankt-Peterburgskogo Universiteta-Yazyk i Literatura","volume":"100 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84126018","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Linguocultural evaluation specifics in German and Russian reviews on sociology","authors":"E. S. Stepanov","doi":"10.21638/spbu09.2023.107","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu09.2023.107","url":null,"abstract":"The article raises the issue of linguocultural specifics of evaluation strategies in scientific expert practices of Russia and Germany. The relevance of the work is explained by its inclusion in the modern context of interdisciplinary studies and its focus on linguistic, sociolinguistic and linguoculturological aspects of examination of evaluative linguistic means. It is revealed that the communicative practice of scientific expertise is pivotal for verification and axiomatisation of scientific knowledge. The material for the study are German and Russian corpora of scientific sociology reviews, with the evaluation predication being chosen as the main analysis unit. The analysis of predications is carried out using qualitative and quantitative methods, including both statistical analysis of quantitative corpus data and their interpretation based on context, authorial intention and the type of specific evaluative meanings within the frame-work of real communicative practices. The novelty of the study consists in the identification of sociolinguistic features of rational and emotional evaluation procedures in scientific sociological discourse in Russia and Germany. It is found that German- and Russian-speaking reviewers use different specific evaluation strategies. Whereas in German-language sociological reviews, the focus is on rational evaluation by validity, clarity and completeness criteria for an objectively detached work examination, Russian reviewers widely use emotional evaluation to express their attitude and personal interest. German-language reviews are generally characterised by a significantly higher degree of evaluative saturation, with evaluations roughly equally distributed into the positive and negative groups, in contrast to Russian-language reviews, where negative evaluations are scarcely found.","PeriodicalId":41205,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik Sankt-Peterburgskogo Universiteta-Yazyk i Literatura","volume":"109 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88148143","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Traditions of classical literature in the film “Brother” by Alexei Balabanov","authors":"Dmitry K. Baranov","doi":"10.21638/spbu09.2023.201","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu09.2023.201","url":null,"abstract":"Alexei Balabanov’s film “Brother” is an integral part of modern Russian culture. An analysis of the audience’s reception of the film suggests that “Brother” is not just a mass action movie. A close look reveals that Balabanov’s film combines elements of pop-culture product and intellectual cinema. The article for the first time offers a holistic analysis of the film “Brother”. Balabanov uses a complex system of repetitions at the level of a phrase, visual image, situation. This allows the author to build a complicated system of motifs that are associated with some literary traditions of classical literature. We are talking primarily about the tradition of the Petersburg text and about a complex of themes and plots that go back to romanticism. The angle from which one should look at the film is indicated by the introduction of an important character named Hoffmann, who warns the protagonist that the city is a terrible force. Motive analysis and intertextual analysis leads to the following conclusions. The plot of “Brother” can be read as a story about a young man Danila, who betrays his ideal (love of music), unable to withstand the temptation of money and power, and pays for this: he turns into his evil doppelganger — his brother Victor. The plot, seemingly tied to a specific socio-historical reality, turns into a potentially eternal plot about a confused romantic hero who changes his ideals after falling into the mythologized space of St Petersburg that fools him.","PeriodicalId":41205,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik Sankt-Peterburgskogo Universiteta-Yazyk i Literatura","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135914544","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lexical realizations of hedging: A cross-disciplinary study of research article abstracts by Russian authors","authors":"Olga A. Boginskaya","doi":"10.21638/spbu09.2023.211","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu09.2023.211","url":null,"abstract":"Currently, when the English language has established itself as a lingua franca in academic settings, it is relevant to investigate rhetorical strategies in texts produced by L2 writers who use English in their academic prose. This paper explores lexical patterns of hedging in Englishmedium research article abstracts written by L2 (Russian) writers from two fields representing hard sciences and humanities — engineering and linguistics. The main focus is on quantitative and qualitative variations in the lexical realizations of hedging as a metadiscourse strategy used to present research results and enter into a dialogue with the reader. The corpus comprises 312 engineering and linguistics research article abstracts taken equally from six Russian linguistic and engineering journals. In order to investigate hedging devices and their lexical categories, this study adopted the methods of quantitative and qualitative analysis. The results of the quantitative analysis show that there are many differences in the distribution of lexical patterns of hedging in the two sub-corpora. In the engineering abstracts, hedging was most frequently realized through modal auxiliaries and adverbs of frequency. In the linguistics subcorpus, probability nouns and reporting verbs were among the most frequent lexical patterns of hedging. In the linguistics abstracts, hedging was realized through a greater variety of lexical categories. This suggests that lexical realizations of hedging seem to be influenced by the discipline rather than generic conventions.","PeriodicalId":41205,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik Sankt-Peterburgskogo Universiteta-Yazyk i Literatura","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135914503","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}