Progress in Energy and Combustion Science最新文献

{"title":"Policy supports for the deployment of solar fuels: islands as test-beds for a rapid green transition","authors":"Pau Farràs, Júlia T M Machado, B. Flynn, Joshua Williamson","doi":"10.1088/2516-1083/accef8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/2516-1083/accef8","url":null,"abstract":"Coastal areas, particularly islands, are especially vulnerable to climate change due to their geographic and climate conditions. Reaching decarbonisation targets is a long process, which will require radical changes and ‘out of the box’ thinking. In this context, islands have become laboratories for the green transition by providing spaces for exploring possibilities and alternatives. Here we explore how hydrogen (H2) energy technologies can be a critical ally for island production of renewable electricity in part by providing a storage solution. However, given the abundance of sunlight on many islands, we also note the huge potential for a more profound engagement between renewables and hydrogen technologies via the co-generation of ‘green hydrogen’ using solar fuels technology. Solar hydrogen is a clean energy carrier produced by the direct or indirect use of solar irradiation for water-splitting processes such as photovoltaic systems coupled with electrolysers and photoelectrochemical cells. While this technology is fast emerging, we question to what extent sufficient policy support exists for such initiatives and how they could be scaled up. We report on a case study of a pilot H2 plant in the Canary Islands, and we offer recommendations on early-stage policy implications for hydrogen and other solar fuels in an island setting. The paper draws on the literature on islands as policy laboratories and the multi-level perspective on energy transitions. We argue that particular attention needs to be given to discrete issues such as research and planning, and better synchronising between emerging local technology niches, the various regulatory regimes for energy, together with global trends.","PeriodicalId":410,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Energy and Combustion Science","volume":"28 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":29.5,"publicationDate":"2023-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90648878","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Electrodes with metal-based electrocatalysts for redox flow batteries in a wide pH range","authors":"Yingjia Huang, Liangyu Li, Lihui Xiong, Jinchao Cao, Fangfang Zhong, Xiaoqi Wang, Mei Ding, Chuankun Jia","doi":"10.1088/2516-1083/acce1b","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/2516-1083/acce1b","url":null,"abstract":"Redox flow batteries (RFBs) with decoupling energy and power, high safety, long durability and easy scalability have been considered as giant promising candidates for large-scale energy storage systems. As a key component of RFBs, the electrodes provide active sites for the conversion between electrical and chemical energies. Thus, the electrochemical properties of both the positive and negative electrodes are significantly important to the performance of batteries, especially the energy efficiency and the power. Therefore, improving the electrochemical performance of electrodes by effective modifications is essential for the advancements of RFBs. With high conductivity, high activity and stability, metal-based electrocatalysts have been widely used to modify and increase the electrochemical activities of electrodes in RFBs. This review summarizes and discusses the applications of metal-based electrocatalysts modified carbon-based electrodes of RFBs in a wide pH range (the acidic, alkaline and neutral electrolytes), including the characterizations of physicochemical and electrochemical properties of electrodes, the cell performance, the merits, and limitations.","PeriodicalId":410,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Energy and Combustion Science","volume":"43 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":29.5,"publicationDate":"2023-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88606752","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pool fire dynamics: Principles, models and recent advances","authors":"Yuhang Chen , Jun Fang , Xiaolei Zhang , Yanli Miao , Yujie Lin , Ran Tu , Longhua Hu","doi":"10.1016/j.pecs.2022.101070","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pecs.2022.101070","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Pool fire is generally described as a diffusion combustion process<span> that occurs above a horizontal fuel surface (composed of gaseous or volatile condensed fuel) with low (∼zero) initial momentum. Fundamentally, this type of diffusion combustion can be represented by basic forms ranging from a small laminar candle flame, to a turbulent medium-scale sofa fire, and up a storage tank fire, or even a massive forest fire. Pool fire research thus not only has fundamental scientific significance for the study of classical diffusion combustion, but also plays an important role in practical fire safety engineering. Therefore, pool fire is recognized as one of the canonical configurations in both the combustion and fire science communities. Pool fire research involves a rich, multilateral, and bidirectional coupling of fluid mechanics with scalar transport, combustion, and heat transfer. Because of the unabated large-scale disasters that can occur and the numerous and complex 'unknowns' involved in pool fires, several new questions have been raised with accompanying solutions and old questions have been revisited, particularly in recent decades. Significant developments have occurred from a variety of different perspectives in terms of pool fire dynamics, and thus the scientific progress made must be summarized in a systematic manner. This paper provides a comprehensive review of the basic fundamentals of pool fires, including the scale effect, the wind effect, pressure and gravity effects, and multi-pool fire dynamics, with particular focus on recent advances in this century. As the fundamentals of pool fires, the theoretical progress made with regard to burning rates, air entrainment<span><span>, flame pulsation, the morphological characteristics of flames, radiation, and the dimensional modelling are reviewed first, followed by new insights into the fluid mechanics involved, radiative heat transfer and </span>combustion modeling. With regard to the scale effect, recent experimental and theoretical advances in internal thermal transport and fluid motions within the liquid-phase fuel, lip height effects, and heat transfer blockage are summarized systematically. Furthermore, new understandings of aspects including heat feedback and the burning rate, flame tilt, flame length and instability, flame sag and base drag, and soot and radiation behavior under wind, pressure and gravity effects are reviewed. The growing research into the onset and the merging dynamics of multiple pool fires in the last decade is described in the last section, this research will be helpful in the mitigation of threatening outdoor massive (group) fires. This review provides a state-of-the-art survey of the knowledge gained through decades of research into this topic, and concludes by discussing the challenges and prospects with regard to the complex coupling effects of heat transfer, with the fluid and combustion mechanics of pool fires in future work.</span></span></p><","PeriodicalId":410,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Energy and Combustion Science","volume":"95 ","pages":"Article 101070"},"PeriodicalIF":29.5,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"1752265","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Low-speed pre-ignition and super-knock in boosted spark-ignition engines: A review","authors":"Kristian Rönn ,&nbsp;Andre Swarts ,&nbsp;Vickey Kalaskar ,&nbsp;Terry Alger ,&nbsp;Rupali Tripathi ,&nbsp;Juha Keskiväli ,&nbsp;Ossi Kaario ,&nbsp;Annukka Santasalo-Aarnio ,&nbsp;Rolf Reitz ,&nbsp;Martti Larmi","doi":"10.1016/j.pecs.2022.101064","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pecs.2022.101064","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The introduction of downsized, turbocharged Gasoline Direct Injection (GDI) engines in the automotive market has led to a rapid increase in research on Low-speed Pre-ignition (LSPI) and super-knock as abnormal combustion phenomena within the last decade. The former is characterized as an early ignition of the fuel–air mixture, primarily initiated by an oil–fuel droplet or detached deposit. Meanwhile, super-knock is an occasional development from pre-ignition to high intensity knocking through detonation, which is either initiated by a shock wave interacting with a propagating reaction and cylinder surfaces or inside a hotspot with a suitable heat release and reactivity gradient. The phenomenon can be divided into four stages, including LSPI precursor initiation, establishment and propagation of a pre-ignited flame, autoignition of end-gases and development to a detonation. LSPI and super-knock are rare phenomena, difficult to observe optically in engines, and differences in methodologies and setups between steady-state experiments can lead to discrepancies in results. Experimental research has included more detailed approaches using glow plug-equipped engines, constant volume combustion chambers and rapid compression machines. In addition, the improved availability of mechanisms for fuel and lubricant surrogates has allowed researchers to model the oil–fuel interaction at the cylinder walls, evaporation and autoignition of oil–fuel droplets and regimes for different propagation modes of an autoignition reaction wave. This paper presents a comprehensive review of the underlying phenomena behind LSPI and its development to super-knock. Furthermore, it presents the methodology in experimental research and draws conclusions for mitigating strategies based on studies involving fuel, oil and engine parameters. Finally, it discusses the prerequisites for LSPI from oil–fuel droplets and the future needs of research as original equipment manufacturers (OEM) and lubricant industry have already adopted some proven solutions to their products.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":410,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Energy and Combustion Science","volume":"95 ","pages":"Article 101064"},"PeriodicalIF":29.5,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"3137475","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intrinsic thermoacoustic instabilities","authors":"Camilo F. Silva","doi":"10.1016/j.pecs.2022.101065","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pecs.2022.101065","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>It is accepted that the thermoacoustic behavior of a given combustion system<span><span> can be analyzed by investigating how its natural acoustic modes are perturbed by the flame dynamics. As a result, the </span>resonance frequency<span> and structure of the resulting thermoacoustic mode – understood as a perturbed acoustic mode – are slightly modified with respect to the natural acoustic mode counterpart. However, experimental evidence shows that the frequency of unstable thermoacoustic modes sometimes lies far away from the natural acoustic frequencies<span><span> of the system under study. In many cases, this frequency cannot be associated with hydrodynamic or entropy-related instabilities. In recent years, the intrinsic thermoacoustic (ITA) feedback loop has been formally recognized as the responsible mechanism in some of those situations. Theory and devoted experiments have been developed that have enormously contributed to the understanding of the particular behavior of intrinsic </span>thermoacoustic instabilities.</span></span></span></p><p><span>The present review encapsulates in a single theoretical framework the theory presented in the collection of today existing ITA papers, which spread through different cases of study regarding acoustic boundaries – anechoic, partially or fully reflecting – and geometries – duct flames, combustors<span> composed by three coaxial ducts and annular configurations. Several examples are shown that summarize the most relevant results on ITA theory to this day. This review paper also gives special attention to the categorization of ITA modes, given the fact that there is no current agreement on the definition of an ITA mode: one example in this review paper explicitly shows that the proposed categorization methods can indeed be contradictory. Of high interest is also the review of papers illustrating the coexistence of thermoacoustic modes of acoustic and ITA nature, which in turn relate to the recently discovered exceptional points in the thermoacoustic spectrum. Additionally, this paper discusses the ‘counter-intuitive’ evidence that shows that ITA modes can be destabilized when acoustic dissipative elements are added into the system. Finally, it is shown how a single-mode Galerkin expansion may be able to model some ITA eigenfrequencies. This result is suggested in some recent works and is not obvious. The practical relevance of ITA modes in industrial </span></span>combustion chambers<span> of gas turbines is also discussed together with suggestions for future studies.</span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":410,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Energy and Combustion Science","volume":"95 ","pages":"Article 101065"},"PeriodicalIF":29.5,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"3446872","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A review of hydrogen/rock/brine interaction: Implications for Hydrogen Geo-storage","authors":"Masoud Aslannezhad ,&nbsp;Muhammad Ali ,&nbsp;Azim Kalantariasl ,&nbsp;Mohammad Sayyafzadeh ,&nbsp;Zhenjiang You ,&nbsp;Stefan Iglauer ,&nbsp;Alireza Keshavarz","doi":"10.1016/j.pecs.2022.101066","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pecs.2022.101066","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Hydrogen (H₂) is currently considered a clean fuel to decrease anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions and will play a vital role in climate change mitigation. Nevertheless, one of the primary challenges of achieving a complete H₂ economy is the large-scale storage of H₂, which is unsafe on the surface because H₂ is highly compressible, volatile, and flammable. Hydrogen storage in geological formations could be a potential solution to this problem because of the abundance of such formations and their high storage capacities. Wettability plays a critical role in the displacement of formation water and determines the containment safety, storage capacity, and amount of trapped H₂ (or recovery factor). However, no comprehensive review article has been published explaining H₂ wettability in geological conditions. Therefore, this review focuses on the influence of various parameters, such as salinity, temperature, pressure, surface roughness, and formation type, on wettability and, consequently, H₂ storage. Significant gaps exist in the literature on understanding the effect of organic material on H₂ storage capacity. Thus, this review summarizes recent advances in rock/H₂/brine systems containing organic material in various geological reservoirs. The paper also presents influential parameters affecting H₂ storage capacity and containment safety, including liquid–gas interfacial tension, rock–fluid interfacial tension, and adsorption. The paper aims to provide the scientific community with an expert opinion to understand the challenges of H₂ storage and identify storage solutions. In addition, the essential differences between underground H₂ storage (UHS), natural gas storage, and carbon dioxide geological storage are discussed, and the direction of future research is presented. Therefore, this review promotes thorough knowledge of UHS, provides guidance on operating large-scale UHS projects, encourages climate engineers to focus more on UHS research, and provides an overview of advanced technology. This review also inspires researchers in the field of climate change to give more credit to UHS studies.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":410,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Energy and Combustion Science","volume":"95 ","pages":"Article 101066"},"PeriodicalIF":29.5,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"1886077","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sorption direct air capture with CO2 utilization","authors":"L. Jiang ,&nbsp;W. Liu ,&nbsp;R.Q. Wang ,&nbsp;A. Gonzalez-Diaz ,&nbsp;M.F. Rojas-Michaga ,&nbsp;S. Michailos ,&nbsp;M. Pourkashanian ,&nbsp;X.J. Zhang ,&nbsp;C. Font-Palma","doi":"10.1016/j.pecs.2022.101069","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pecs.2022.101069","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Direct air capture (DAC) is gathering momentum since it has vast potential and high flexibility to collect CO₂ from discrete sources as “synthetic tree” when compared with current CO₂ capture technologies, e.g., amine based post-combustion capture. It is considered as one of the emerging carbon capture technologies in recent decades and remains in a prototype investigation stage with many technical challenges to be overcome. The objective of this paper is to comprehensively discuss the state-of-the-art of DAC and CO₂ utilization, note unresolved technology bottlenecks, and give investigation perspectives for commercial large-scale applications. Firstly, characteristics of physical and chemical sorbents are evaluated. Then, the representative capture processes, e.g., pressure swing adsorption, temperature swing adsorption and other ongoing absorption chemical loops, are described and compared. Methods of CO₂ conversion including synthesis of fuels and chemicals as well as biological utilization are reviewed. Finally, techno-economic analysis and life cycle assessment for DAC application are summarized. Based on research achievements, future challenges of DAC and CO₂ conversion are presented, which include providing synthesis guidelines for obtaining sorbents with the desired characteristics, uncovering the mechanisms for different working processes and establishing evaluation criteria in terms of technical and economic aspects.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":410,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Energy and Combustion Science","volume":"95 ","pages":"Article 101069"},"PeriodicalIF":29.5,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"3137474","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Application of reinforcement learning in planning and operation of new power system towards carbon peaking and neutrality","authors":"Fangyuan Sun, Zhiwei Wang, Jun-hui Huang, R. Diao, Yingru Zhao, Tu Lan","doi":"10.1088/2516-1083/acb987","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/2516-1083/acb987","url":null,"abstract":"To mitigate global climate change and ensure a sustainable energy future, China has launched a new energy policy of achieving carbon peaking by 2030 and carbon neutrality by 2060, which sets an ambitious goal of building NPS with high penetration of renewable energy. However, the strong uncertainty, nonlinearity, and intermittency of renewable generation and their power electronics-based control devices are imposing grand challenges for secure and economic planning and operation of the NPS. The performance of traditional methods and tools becomes rather limited under such phenomena. Together with high-fidelity modeling and high-performance simulation techniques, the fast development of AI technology, especially RL, provides a promising way of tackling these critical issues. This paper first provides a comprehensive overview of RL methods that interact with high-fidelity grid simulators to train effective agents for intelligent, model-free decision-making. Secondly, three important applications of RL are reviewed, including device-level control, system-level optimized control, and demand side management, with detailed modeling and procedures of solution explained. Finally, this paper discusses future research efforts for achieving the goals of full absorption of renewable energy, optimized allocation of large-scale energy resources, reliable supply of electricity, and secure and economic operation of the power grid.","PeriodicalId":410,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Energy and Combustion Science","volume":"250 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":29.5,"publicationDate":"2023-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76990371","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Internationalism in climate action and China’s role","authors":"Danae Kyriakopoulou, L. Xia, Chunping Xie","doi":"10.1088/2516-1083/acb4d6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/2516-1083/acb4d6","url":null,"abstract":"The world is facing dual challenges of generating an economic recovery from the COVID-19 crisis, and transitioning to a low-carbon economy to tackle climate change. Strongly interrelated global challenges will require an integrated and coordinated response by all countries to manage the risk and lay the foundation for building back better. As the world’s biggest emitter and the second-largest economy, China is a very important player in international collaboration and coordination in climate action. Against this backdrop, this paper looks into the increasingly crucial role that China is playing in global climate action, especially focusing on three aspects: China’s domestic and foreign policymaking for the energy transition; its role in promoting multilateralism and international collaboration on building a sustainable world; and how it could accelerate climate action and diplomacy through research, development and innovation. In the critical decade of the 2020s, China has a great opportunity to further transform and upgrade its energy and industrial structures, promote research, development and the application of green and low-carbon technologies and intensify international climate cooperation on climate change. China should aim to be at the forefront of raising climate ambition and accelerating climate action for a sustainable and more equitable world.","PeriodicalId":410,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Energy and Combustion Science","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":29.5,"publicationDate":"2023-01-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81952480","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fundamentals of window-ejected fire plumes from under-ventilated compartment fires: Recent progresses and perspectives","authors":"Xiepeng Sun ,&nbsp;Fei Tang ,&nbsp;Kaihua Lu ,&nbsp;Fei Ren ,&nbsp;Congling Shi ,&nbsp;Bart Merci ,&nbsp;Longhua Hu","doi":"10.1016/j.pecs.2022.101039","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pecs.2022.101039","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This paper intends to provide a comprehensive state-of-art review of recent progresses and to formulate perspectives on window-ejected fire plumes, originating from under-ventilated compartment fires (known as ‘Regime I’ fires). Various external boundary conditions are considered, as they contribute to the fire and plume dynamics, and as such affect decisions on fire prevention and firefighting. Hence this is an important fire combustion topic of both fundamental and practical significance. After discussing the general fundamentals, the paper focuses particularly on recent progresses on quantifying the ejected fire plume behavior: constrained by the presence of walls; at sub-atmospheric pressure (for fires at high altitudes) and under complex flow conditions caused by wind. Experiments, theoretical scaling analysis and basic models are reviewed. The key points cover systematically: the compartment fire evolution (and hence criteria for flame ejection through the window); flame interaction and merging behavior from two windows; air entrainment mechanisms and characteristic parameters (flame structure/dimensions, temperature profile and heat flux) of window-ejected fire plumes. Meanwhile, the limitations of present research and future challenges are also discussed.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":410,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Energy and Combustion Science","volume":"94 ","pages":"Article 101039"},"PeriodicalIF":29.5,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"2622298","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}