Business Ethics and Leadership最新文献

{"title":"The Public Good of Internet Usage and its Social Impact: A Business Ethics Approach","authors":"R. Bardy, A. Rubens","doi":"10.21272/BEL.3(2).63-71.2019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21272/BEL.3(2).63-71.2019","url":null,"abstract":"Public goods are indispensable for producing value in an economy and their usage is part of resource consumption in by any business. Of the two types of public goods, natural ones and social ones, it has mainly been the natural resources, which caught the attention of politicians, academics and business alike. And it is only the natural public goods like, e.g., air and water, for which attempts have been made to develop monetary valuation. This is changing as the Internet gets into focus. The various concerns taken up increasingly by policy makers on many issues of the Internet lead to a discussion that is increasingly questioning whether Internet provision really is a public good, if it really is for free, how it can be governed, whether Internet provision can be monetized and how this monetization changes the public goods character of the Internet. It is the purpose of this paper to discuss these topics. One outcome that is sought is to define the societal mandate of the parties involved, which would be to create private economic gain and public welfare. This social mandate must encompass the topic of business accountability − otherwise there will be no social effect from including as many users in Internet access as possible or feasible. Developing a society that is inclusive would be one major objective of conducting stakeholder relations in an ethical manner.","PeriodicalId":410560,"journal":{"name":"Business Ethics and Leadership","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116068783","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Graduate Learners’ Perspectives of Developing ‘Speaking’ Skill in the Classrooms of Non-native English Speakers","authors":"Mohammad Ehsanul Islam Khan","doi":"10.21272/BEL.3(2).107-112.2019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21272/BEL.3(2).107-112.2019","url":null,"abstract":"The major focus of the current study is to know different students’ perspectives on the different activities, which improve the learners’ speaking skill in the English as Second Language (ESL) or English as Foreign Language (EFL) classrooms that are from different countries and background. The current research paper depicts the innovative activities that help learners’ speaking skill and how these activities can be effective to graduate learners. The obstacles or benefits of those activities are also subjected to be surveyed. This is a qualitative and descriptive study in nature. The researchers selected 15 participants from 12 different countries where there were 3 male and 12 female participants. The data was collected through direct interviews and a focus group discussion (FGD) with open-ended questions. The research is based on the students’ viewpoints of their previous experiences about the activities to improve speaking skill in the ESL/EFL classrooms. Therefore, the manuscript, in fact, deals with different classroom activities to improve speaking skill from the lens of graduate students. As all the students were professionals and were involved in the teaching profession, the researchers tried to depict their past experiences as a student and a teacher as well. Since they are still the students of language background, they could successfully opine for the best activities effective in their respective context of second or foreign language. The findings implicated using activities likerole play, debate, picture description, group activities, drama, competition, presentations, multicultural interactions, answering questions, songs, read aloud task, pair work that are effective as these activities can encourage and motivate by engaging the learners to learn a second or foreign language. Few participants also mentioned the obstacles like lack of confidence, shyness, and communication problem because of different cultural background and opinions and some talked about the benefits.","PeriodicalId":410560,"journal":{"name":"Business Ethics and Leadership","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124363626","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Current Mining Taxation Policy Implemented by both Mongolia and Kazakhstan: The Development Comparatives between Ulaanbaatar and Astana","authors":"A. Miller","doi":"10.21272/BEL.3(2).39-52.2019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21272/BEL.3(2).39-52.2019","url":null,"abstract":"This paper’s purpose is an attempt to examine the taxation policies enacted onto international mining companies operating in both Mongolia and Kazakhstan (being geographic neighbours) and both nations have a similarity within their respective extraction of raw minerals and other precious metals/resources therein. In addition, this body of research will display a succinct deviation in one country’s corporation tax policy compared to the other; how it has created the “phoenix from the ashes” scenario between Astana-Kazakhstan and the meagre resourced outcome for development in Ulaanbaatar-Mongolia. The data will also illustrate how a nation’s gathering of revenue, has been undermined due to the pressure from international mining companies, which are indeed supported by foreign entities. Therefore, highlighting the differences in policy in corporation taxation within two neighbouring administrations. This report will objectively compare mining extraction quantities and projected revenues concurrently via confirmed cited testimonials from official governmental respected offices of statistics inclusive of the contributions from notable audit firms involved with the data collection cum archiving. The data therein would confirm this paper’s findings within empirical validity via Standard Error projections within the subject matter’s hypothesis and subsequently determine data mining findings.","PeriodicalId":410560,"journal":{"name":"Business Ethics and Leadership","volume":"174 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115236042","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Deterministic Modeling for Evaluating Consumers’ Attitude towards Telecommunication Service in Bangladesh","authors":"Meher Neger","doi":"10.21272/BEL.3(2).72-82.2019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21272/BEL.3(2).72-82.2019","url":null,"abstract":"This study is conducted empirically for measuring consumers’ attitude towards telecommunication service in Bangladesh. A conceptual model has been developed based on two constructs. Telecommunication service related intrinsic and intrinsic constructs where five individual attributes (network availability, service quality, service charge strategies, offered value, brand image) are included. A series of analysis technique (arithmetic means) are used to find out the weighted average of intrinsic & extrinsic attributes, which are considered by Bangladeshi consumers for using telecommunication service. Fishbein’s Multiattribute Attitude Model has been used for measuring the overall attitude of consumers toward telecommunication service in Bangladesh, which could help for successful business operations, management, and long-term sustainability of attitude measurement in order to improve product or service quality as per consumer expectation level. A total of 840 respondents who have a direct role for receiving telecommunication service are selected on the basis of stratified random sampling to fill up the questionnaire where some of the information is gathered by using Likert and Semantic Differential scales. Data has been collected from the students of both (public and private) universities and professional of different categories (Universities Teachers, Different Businessmen, Banker, Corporate Officers, Housewives, and others Government, non-government employees) of Bangladesh through a set of a structured questionnaire. To measure the overall evaluation (ei) regarding the selected attributes for the specific firm rating scale ranging from extremely good to extremely bad (+3 to -3) was used and asked to encircle the point to express their opinion. The respondents were also asked through the Seven Point scale ranging from 7 indicates very strongly believe, and 1 indicates very strongly disbelieve to know how strongly they believe that the individual firm of Bangladesh contains the said attributes. Findings of Fishbein’s Multiattribute Attitude Model point out that the consumers’ overall attitude towards Grameen phone Ltd. as the telecommunication service providing firm is higher than other selected firms in Bangladesh. That means, Grameen Phone Ltd. is viewed top most favorable position and Banglalink is the next position; Robi is the last position; among the three alternatives on the basis of said attributes. Consumers’ solid knowledge and experiences about the product or service and their long-term observation and interactions have played an important role in the service sector. The implications of these findings can be applied to the enhancement of the competitive position of different telecommunication service providing firms in a competitive market of Bangladesh. From a research perspective, the study suggests fruitful research directions for further research by others.","PeriodicalId":410560,"journal":{"name":"Business Ethics and Leadership","volume":"69 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123414165","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of Leadership Style and Ethical Climate on Attitude to Work of Police Officers: Evidence from Osun State Police Headquarter, Nigeria","authors":"Popoola, M. Samaila, A. A. L. Kamaldeen","doi":"10.21272/BEL.3(2).83-92.2019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21272/BEL.3(2).83-92.2019","url":null,"abstract":"This study examined the influence of leadership style and ethical climate of attitude to work of the police officers in Nigeria. Two hypotheses were tested in line with the objectives and research questions of the study. The ex-post facto method, which involved the use of secondary data from the internet, journals, and articles, was employed. For this research work, the quantitative research design was used. The population of the study consists of Officers of The Nigeria Police Force Osun State Headquarter in Nigeria. However, a sample size for this study was determined using Yamane formula. The sample size consists of one hundred and sixty-five (165) Officers of the Nigeria Police Force. The instrument used for this research work is the questionnaire. The instrument passes the test of validity. The data were analyzed using manual and electronic-based methods through the data preparation grid and statistical package for the social sciences (SPSS). The utilization of structured grids allows specific responses to be located with relative ease and facilitate the identification of emerging patterns. The linear regression analysis method and ANOVA were employed to test the hypothesis. Other methods of data analysis, which were also used in this study, include parametric and non-parametric measurement such as trend analysis. The research finds out that leadership style and ethical climate have a significant effect on police officers’ attitude to work and also Police officers who are affected by unfavorable ethical climate may result to lackadaisical attitude during official assignments which affect their productivity at work. It was also revealed that Self-Esteem adopted by the Nigeria Police force had an effect on Ethical Behavior of Police officers in Nigeria. The Study recommends that government should provide modern equipment to change outdated one and inculcate the habit of frequent use of technology in the discovery of the crime, curbing the crime as well and also specialized training should be conducted on regular basis to the officers of the force.","PeriodicalId":410560,"journal":{"name":"Business Ethics and Leadership","volume":"106 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128171246","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Business Inefficiencies and Youth Unemployment in Ethiopia: A Case Study of Mettu Town","authors":"S. Singh","doi":"10.21272/BEL.3(2).93-106.2019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21272/BEL.3(2).93-106.2019","url":null,"abstract":"This paper summarizes the arguments and counterarguments within the scientific discussion on the issues of unemployment in Ethiopia. The main purpose of the research is to examine the trend and determinants of unemployment in context of the inefficient manner of business in Ethiopia particularly in Mettu Town. The other specific objectives are to examine the current situation and trends of unemployment, to examine socioeconomic characteristics of unemployment and to identify the major factors that are responsible for unemployment in Mettu town of Ethiopia. Systematization of literary sources and approaches for solving the problem has widely been used that indicates that there is a contradictory scalier of unemployment in Ethiopia. The relevance of the decision of this scientific problem is how population growth, urbanization, and higher education increase unemployment in the country during the adoption of new business policy. Investigation of the unemployment topic in Ethiopia in the paper is carried out in the following logical sequence measuring the population growth; urbanization and education, which have an impact on unemployment. Methodological tools of the research methods were comparative analysis using statistical tools and techniques used in years of research 2018-2019. The object of the research are the regions specified systematically because namely they were elaborated. The paper presents the results of an empirical analysis of the unemployment trend and its determinant, which showed that there is a contradictory paradox among parameters. The research empirically confirms and theoretically proves that unemployment, particularly among youth, is creeping ahead in the region because of population growth, rapid urbanization and business inefficiencies as well. The results of the research can be useful for policymakers, academicians and researchers.","PeriodicalId":410560,"journal":{"name":"Business Ethics and Leadership","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125748863","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of the Determinants of Social Capital in Organizations","authors":"J. Vargas-Hérnandez, María del Pilar Sandra Rosas Mercado","doi":"10.21272/BEL.3(1).124-133.2019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21272/BEL.3(1).124-133.2019","url":null,"abstract":"In the actuality, there is an environment of uncertainty and mistrust due the increase in the level of crime and low level of confidence derived from opportunistic behavior aimed at obtaining an individual rather than a collective benefit, affecting business activities in the country. This research analyzes the determinants of social capital in various theoretical and empirical investigations.  The study proposes the analysis of eight dimensions necessary for the study of organizations.","PeriodicalId":410560,"journal":{"name":"Business Ethics and Leadership","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124285669","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Relationship between Organization Culture and Managers’ Performance: Empirical Study of a Chinese University","authors":"Yu Sing Ong, Wang Yue","doi":"10.21272/bel.2(2).97-105.2018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21272/bel.2(2).97-105.2018","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigated the relationships between organizational culture and managers’ performance in a Chinese university, with commitment as a mediating variable. It revealed that organizational culture had a significant impact on commitment of employees. At the same time, commitment impacted managers’ performance positively. However, the study also highlighted that organizational culture had no significant impact on performance, contradicting many past studies on the impact of organizational culture on performance. The authors developed a framework adapting the four dimensions of organizational culture based on Denison Organizational Culture Survey (DOCS). They also adapted the three dimensional concept of organizational commitment developed by Allen & Meyer, characterized by affective, continuance and normative commitment. The authors decided to investigate the contextual performance rather than task performance as it relates to spontaneous behavior, organizational citizenship behavior, pro-social behavior and dedication to the spirit of organization. While contextual performance does not contribute directly to organizational performance unlike task performance, it nevertheless, enhances the psychological and social aspects of the organization. They have also adapted the performance measurement scale developed by Scotter & Motowidlo as a measure for contextual performance. Chinese universities are unique as most of the top leaders are appointed by the central government. Major challenges arise for university leaders as they face competition both locally and abroad to raise the academic ranking of their institutions. The study suggested changing the governance structure of universities to meet the rising demands for greater autonomy and flexibility from academics and administrators. A more diversified system of higher education institutions is needed to cater to different demands within the higher education system at large. As such, each institution will have to develop its unique organizational culture to ensure its sustainability.","PeriodicalId":410560,"journal":{"name":"Business Ethics and Leadership","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122567582","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Examining the Efficacy of the Common Law Tort of Intentional Infliction of Emotional Distress and Bullying in the Context of the Employment Relationship","authors":"F. Cavico, B. Mujtaba, E. Lawrence, Stephen C. Muffler","doi":"10.21272/BEL.2(2).14-31.2018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21272/BEL.2(2).14-31.2018","url":null,"abstract":"The common law tort of intentional infliction of emotional distress (IIED) is a frequently occurring lawsuit. It seems that in almost every wrongful discharge suit by a terminated employee at-will, or lawsuit to redress bullying-like conduct at work, or lawsuit pursuant to civil rights act for discrimination or harassment there appears a count for the IIED tort. As such, there are many, many IIED cases; however, this article demonstrates that there are only a handful of cases that are successful due to the various elements to the tort as well as the high evidentiary hurdles to sustain those elements. This article explicates the elements of the tort and illustrates those elements in the context of wrongful discharge, bullying, and discrimination/harassment lawsuits. The authors discuss the implications of the tort, particularly for management; and provide recommendations to employers on how to avoid liability, especially by bully-proofing the organization, and also to employees on how to sustain an IIED cause of action.","PeriodicalId":410560,"journal":{"name":"Business Ethics and Leadership","volume":"21 3","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"113984568","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gender Sensitive Practices as Effective Tools for Implementing the Equality Policy: The Experience of Ukrainian Universities","authors":"I. Domina, Yulia Savelieva, Nina Svitailo","doi":"10.21272/bel.2(2).106-117.2018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21272/bel.2(2).106-117.2018","url":null,"abstract":"The article is based on the experience of creating a gender sensitive environment at Sumy State University in order to integrate the gender aspect into policies, programmes and projects related to learning activities and research, as well as other areas of the university's life. This experience is analyzed on the example of the implementation of the “Family friendly university” initiative and the practice of conducting a partial gender audit of the university's activities. The relevance of this direction is determined by the fact that, despite the existence of legislative bases and state programmes on gender equality, there is a lack of initiatives in Ukraine, which really contribute to it. There is a lack of practical tools that would help identify weaknesses in achieving gender equality and could also be used to make a real positive move towards overcoming this gender gap. As an effective tool for introducing a gender sensitive environment, we also consider gender audit, which is both a tool and a process based on participatory methodology and aimed at organizing training on gender sensitivity, both at the individual level and at the level of the structural units and administration of the university. We are confident that the procedures of gender audit allow to bring the whole complex of the organizational and communication mechanisms inside the university to the new level of efficiency and significantly expand the circle of people who are conscious and interested in being involved in the promotion of gender approaches. Gender audit can be considered as a truly universal and effective means of promoting the gender equality policy, as it allows for a complex implementation of a number of important tasks: monitoring, evaluation, communication, implementation of gender sensitive work methods, education, etc. In the future, it is expected that, through the acquaired experience, knowledge and successful gender audit practices, the HEIs will increase their efforts to create equal opportunities. As an achievement, it will be possible to assess the dissemination of the “Family friendly university” initiative as an opportunity to combine study/work in a high school with family responsibilities. It is this model that serves as a marker of gender-sensitive policies, social protection and targeting of services for vulnerable groups – students-mothers with young children and other members of the team having family responsibilities.","PeriodicalId":410560,"journal":{"name":"Business Ethics and Leadership","volume":"122 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133988357","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}