Business Ethics and Leadership最新文献

{"title":"To Overcome Ethical Dilemmas in an Organization: Paradox and Ethics of Freedom Can Help","authors":"Benoît Cherré, Nathalie Lemieux","doi":"10.61093/bel.8(2).76-91.2024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.61093/bel.8(2).76-91.2024","url":null,"abstract":"A theoretical model for managers responding to a morally challenging situation is developed in the article. This model explores and examines how managers deal with paradoxes created by ethical dilemmas. To explain their strategy, the authors’ model combines a moral philosophy approach – existentialism ‒ with paradox theories. Starting with an emblematic situation such as a dilemma, the lens of Smith and Tushman’s Paradoxical Cognition is used to develop the theoretical construct. Then, with the help of Sartre’s ethics of freedom, two stages that managers pass through to find a solution are explained. Drawing on those theories, a model of ethical cognition to solve the paradoxical tension issues from ethical dilemmas is submitted. A reflexive process that includes awareness, freedom, and personal projects is combined and described. Every stage with examples of issues from the previous research of human resource managers is illustrated. This model allows people to escape those paradoxical tensions and suggests how a person articulates and creates ethical principles to handle a paradoxical conflict. Based on the in-depth interviews reanalyzed, concrete illustrations about paradoxical cognition are shown. These semi-structured in-depth interviews were conducted to determine how French-Canadian HR managers make ethical decisions (respondents: 37 HR managers working in Montreal and its suburbs (Quebec, Canada); period: 2013‒2017; number of questions: 16, divided into 4 sections; discourse analysis of data: using AtlasTi software). In doing so, the gap between theory and empirical with Sartre’s concepts such as Awareness, Freedom, and Project is overcome. This conceptual model can be used in the individual to solve of a moral dilemma and can be most valuable for manager when they are facing some moral paradoxical situations.","PeriodicalId":410560,"journal":{"name":"Business Ethics and Leadership","volume":" 39","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141680617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring Leadership and Other Influential Dimensions When Assessing Online Learning Modules Within Higher Education Institutions: Insights From Flow Theory and Two-Factor Principles","authors":"Hiroko Oe, Xiaorui Zhu, Kai Weeks","doi":"10.61093/bel.8(2).20-34.2024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.61093/bel.8(2).20-34.2024","url":null,"abstract":"This study explores the concept of flow status as a crucial factor affecting student engagement in online learning, using Herzberg’s motivation-hygiene theory as an analytical framework. Herzberg proposed two main principles influencing learner satisfaction: motivating factors associated with increased satisfaction and hygiene factors associated with dissatisfaction avoidance. While both motivation and hygiene factors influence learner satisfaction, this study applies the concept of flow status and incorporates elements of leadership to the concept to examine the implementation of effective learning systems in higher education institutions. A qualitative approach was applied to data collected from 24 interviews with stakeholders in the field of learning, including students, tutors, curriculum designers/programme leaders and policy makers in education. Interviews were recorded, transcribed, and subjected to text mining analysis. Most students interviewed identified various hygiene factors as motivating factors, such as their grades and supportive guidance from their tutors, thereby underscoring the importance of leadership visualisation in learning design. These hygiene factors were particularly appreciated in the disruptive environment experienced during the COVID-19 period. Students expressed scepticism about pre-set online group work, suggesting a preference for the ability to choose to participate in various types of group work. Tutors emphasised the importance of motivating factors in student engagement, recognising the significance of students’ technological readiness and effective teamwork in relation to how well they concentrated on their learning. This study develops practical insights for higher education educators, considering contemporary technological impacts and the immersive effects of online module design. The results propose a conceptual model that fosters students’ ability to concentrate in disruptive environments, highlighting the necessity of clear leadership from both system designers and implementers to enhance student engagement in online learning. This study’s findings are expected to serve as a valuable analytical tool for stakeholders in the field of education.","PeriodicalId":410560,"journal":{"name":"Business Ethics and Leadership","volume":" 17","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141680929","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Forecast of Corruption: From Ethical to Pragmatic Considerations","authors":"Larysa Kovbasyuk, Yevheniia Vakulenko, Iryna Ivanets, V. Bozhenko, Dmytro Kharchenko","doi":"10.61093/bel.8(2).184-199.2024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.61093/bel.8(2).184-199.2024","url":null,"abstract":"From an ethical standpoint, combating corruption is crucial for promoting justice and equality. The rule of law and ethical governance involves clear standards of behavior for public servants and mechanisms for ensuring these standards are upheld. Corruption undermines public trust in government and democratic institutions and exacerbates social inequality and injustice (disproportionately affects the poor and marginalized groups, denying them access to essential services and opportunities). The fight against corruption during a full-scale war has ethical and purely pragmatic implications for Ukraine, the data of which formed the basis of this study. The lack of tangible progress in the fight against corruption in general, the lack of transparency of many institutional mechanisms in public administration, the revealed corruption schemes in the distribution of international military and humanitarian aid, as well as in the field of public defence procurement, the lack of punishment for corrupt officials in the highest echelons of power threaten the loyalty of international donors and allies, reduce Ukraine’s authority in the international arena, slows down Ukraine’s movement towards the EU, and significantly affects the decisions of foreign partners. The article demonstrates the results of forecasting the future level of corruption in Ukraine (for 2024‒2027) based on the retrospective dynamics of the Corruption Perceptions Index by Transparency International for 1998‒2023. Two economic and mathematical models are used for forecasting: Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA), which better reflects long-term historical trends and fluctuations, and the exponential smoothing method, which is more sensitive to the latest values of the time series. The statistical analysis package STATISTICA was used for the calculations. The forecasting results are disappointing since both methods showed an expected decrease in the level of corruption in 2024-2027, but in critically low volumes: by 1 point according to the ARIMA model and by 3-4 points according to the exponential smoothing method. The results of this study can serve as a basis for public advocacy campaigns as an argument for the need to radically revise the existing format of anti-corruption policy in Ukraine given its European future.","PeriodicalId":410560,"journal":{"name":"Business Ethics and Leadership","volume":"110 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141683461","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Influence of Leadership Styles on Employee Performance: Transformational, Transactional and Ethical Leadership","authors":"Padam Bahadur Lama, Narayan Prasad Aryal, Rohan Shrestha","doi":"10.61093/bel.8(2).152-163.2024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.61093/bel.8(2).152-163.2024","url":null,"abstract":"Employee performance in the organizational realm is indispensable for the perpetual sustainability of an entity. Performance deterioration is inclined to leadership styles embraced by leaders in the organization. The dilemma is still depicted with the absence of a conclusive statement regarding which leadership philosophies are essential for raising the performance and quality of the organization. When linking to this theoretical gap, this study investigates the impact of transformational, transactional, and ethical leadership on employee performance in the banking sector of Nepal. This research proposes and empirically examines three hypotheses, namely, a positive and significant relationship between transformational leadership and employee performance, a positive and significant relationship between transactional leadership and employee performance, and a positive and significant relationship between ethical leadership and employee performance. These hypotheses were examined in reference to the employees working in commercial and development banks in Kathmandu, Nepal. Convenience sampling-based data was collected for the study to test hypotheses. A total of 160 questionnaires were distributed to the targeted respondents, who were bank employees. 140 questionnaires were received useful for the study, representing 87.50 percent of respondents who voluntarily participated in the survey. Leadership styles and employee performance were measured using Likert scale items. Internal consistency and reliability were tested with Cronbach’s alpha. The Cronbach’s alpha for transformational leadership is 0.841, transactional leadership is 0.616, ethical leadership is 0.795, and Cronbach’s alpha for employee performance is 0.869. The study employed a descriptive and causal-relational research approach. The analysis of data was based on the use of statistical software SPSS and STATA packages. The statistical methods and tests employed in the study were descriptive statistics: frequency and percentage for demographic data, correlation and regression analysis were adopted for testing hypotheses. The analysis results depicted a positive and significant effect on transformational and transactional leadership concerning employee performance. Ethical leadership has a positive impact on employee performance but is found insignificant. Moreover, the findings of the study support research from others depicting that leadership styles affect the employee performance.","PeriodicalId":410560,"journal":{"name":"Business Ethics and Leadership","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141683579","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Coalition Governance: Unchartered Waters in South African Political Landscape","authors":"K. Makole, B. Ntshangase, S. Adewumi","doi":"10.21272/bel.6(4).23-37.2022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21272/bel.6(4).23-37.2022","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Coalition governance in South Africa is adjudged as an opportunity for nation-building and social compact, which intends to jettison the apartheid legacy of racial and social separation. Coalition governance in South Africa quintessentially demonstrates a maturing nation-building project whereby political parties embrace a cohesive spirit for democratic governance and citizenship representation. However, the lack of consensus about a developmental posture to drive nation-building in South Africa put different political parties on antithetical dissimulations that undermine effective coalition governance in both national and local governmental spheres. An era of dominant party hegemony is approaching its final demise, which challenges political parties to build workable and collaborative consensus toward leading South Africa out of its current developmental stagnation. The study examines the challenges and opportunities of coalition governance in South Africa. The objective of the paper is to understand how coalition building can be a leverage for Nation building in the context of South African political structure. A qualitative study is undertaken by analyzing strategic and policy documents of political parties and journal articles to examine challenges and opportunities for coalition governance in South Africa. The thematic content analysis examines emerging patterns from primary and secondary documentary sources to generate relevant themes that influence and guide conceptualization, challenges, and opportunities for coalition governance in South Africa. Findings revealed that a major challenge for coalition governance in South Africa is political brinkmanship by political parties who negotiate in bad faith, demanding more concessions than votes garnered from election results, which demonstrates political immaturity. However, a positive aspect of coalition governance might be for parties to formalize binding coalition agreements that can serve as conflict management mechanisms that can compel parties to demonstrate reciprocal accountability during governance.","PeriodicalId":410560,"journal":{"name":"Business Ethics and Leadership","volume":"11 1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116880675","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fathanah Responsive Leadership: As a Supplement in the Satellite Model","authors":"F. S. Anggraeni, B. Widarno","doi":"10.21272/10.21272/bel.6(4).108-117.2022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21272/10.21272/bel.6(4).108-117.2022","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This paper provides the main points of argument and counterarguments in scientific controversies on the issue of organizational learning and leadership practices. This paper aims to reveal organizational learning practices in modern times marked by Volatility, Uncertainty, Complexity, and Ambiguity (VUCA), especially for those who study Islamic values. In addition, it also provides an overview of how organizations learn to sharpen sensitivity, respond and be agile in dealing with any changes. The paper analyzed the previous research literature on organizational learning, especially leadership, which contributes to the successful functioning of the organization in VUCA conditions. The paper integrated the results of previous studies with the Islamic worldview, one of the characteristics of prophethood, namely fathana (intelligence). This made it possible to develop a new concept of organization management, which is called as “fathanah responsive leadership”. The basis of this study is the understanding of fathana − not as an ordinary intelligence that everyone possesses, but a special intelligence, namely leadership, which is secretly formed through the basis of one’s faith in God. The results of previous studies formed the basis for determining six hypotheses of this research: first, VUCA has a negative impact on competitiveness. Second, VUCA has a negative impact on financial performance. Third, competition has a positive effect on financial performance. Fourth, fathanah’s responsive leadership weakens the influence of VUCA on competitiveness. Fifth, fathanah responsive leadership weakens the influence of VUCA on financial performance. Sixth, fathanah responsive leadership strengthens the competitive influence on financial performance. The article presents the results of an empirical analysis of the features of ensuring responsible leadership, which proved that for the high-quality organization of the company’s activities, not only fathana and the sensitive character of the leader are needed, which is only an addition to this process and does not consider such characteristics as shiddik, amana and tabligh. However, the results of future research should be aimed at analyzing whether organizational learning and VUCA leadership practices can contribute to increasing the competitiveness of an organization and improving its financial performance.","PeriodicalId":410560,"journal":{"name":"Business Ethics and Leadership","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115651521","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Book Review on Frank N. Pieke and Koichi Iwabuchi (2021). Global East Asia: Into the Twenty-First Century","authors":"Paul F. Gentle","doi":"10.21272/bel.6(4).118-120.2022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21272/bel.6(4).118-120.2022","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Global trade is world-wide. This book focuses on East. The main countries examine China, Japan, Korea and Southeast Asia. The diasporas of some Eats Asian counties are examined in this book. Many different authors are considered in this book. A scholar East Asia and commerce may find this book to be helpful.","PeriodicalId":410560,"journal":{"name":"Business Ethics and Leadership","volume":"186 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116136402","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"How to Sustain Businesses in the Post-COVID-19 Era: A Focus on Innovation, Sustainability and Leadership","authors":"Hiroko Oe, Yasuyuki Yamaoka, Kapil Duda","doi":"10.21272/10.21272/bel.6(4).1-9.2022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21272/10.21272/bel.6(4).1-9.2022","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This study aims to discuss the universal and important theme of how innovation supports the growth of global firms, relying on two issues: technology adoption and sustainability in the global marketplace. In other words, the main goal of this research is to show how global innovation management can respond to difficult market conditions and maintain sustainability of businesses through problem solving. The electric vehicle sector was chosen as the object of the study as it faced unprecedented challenges brought about by COVID-19. The electric vehicle sector has emerged as a new model in the automotive sector with accumulations of innovative technologies and is destined to continue to evolve, from the perspective of achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) backed up by policy interventions. The methodological tools of the conducted research were the methods of office research, analysis of primary and secondary data, bibliometric analysis of literature. The article presents the results of an empirical study based on primary data collection and analysis, the generalization of scientific work on the impact of innovations on ensuring sustainable business development. Based on a comparative analysis of the main models of conducting innovative research, such as the diffusion model, business model innovation, and Lewin’s change management model, the most successful innovative solutions and the best practices of their implementation at specific companies are determined. The contribution of this study is to build on previous findings and academic discussions in the innovation field, analyse case studies of successful realization of sustainable business through innovative actions in response to unprecedented difficulties caused by the recent COVID-19 pandemic. The greatest contribution is to discuss the paths that innovation has successfully taken, with examples of specific companies, and to present a practical discussion agenda that will provide suggestions through stimulating further discussion in future research.","PeriodicalId":410560,"journal":{"name":"Business Ethics and Leadership","volume":"70 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115100995","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Impact of Corporate Social Investment on Customer Loyalty in the Gaming Industry","authors":"Steven Kayambazinthu Msosa","doi":"10.21272/bel.6(4).38-48.2022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21272/bel.6(4).38-48.2022","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Sports betting has become a very profitable business of late. For instance, in 2020, it contributed 48% of Africa’s Gross Gaming Revenue (GGR), and the South African Bookmaking business was ranked ninth in the world for web traffic. The relevance of this scientific problem decision is that the industry is saturated with many betting companies. Companies that conduct business in the gambling industry in South Africa are obliged to provide a charitable contribution equal to a certain percentage of either their annual revenue or, more specifically, their after-tax net profit to be eligible for a gaming license. Before the company can be granted the license, it is necessary for them to make this contribution first. Under this legislation, operators are evaluated based on a variety of criteria, including ownership, management control, employment equity, skills development, preferential procurement, enterprise development, and socio-economic development. The B-BB-EE Act compels operators to be evaluated in line with these factors. Therefore, this study analyzed the impact of Corporate Social Investment on Customer loyalty in the Gaming Industry. This study adopted a descriptive, quantitative and cross-sectional approach. A nonprobability sampling technique known as convenience sampling was used to collect data from 150 customers who made sports bets. The Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) was used to analyse the primary data, which included descriptive and inferential statistics, as well as correlation and regression analyses. The study’s findings show that Corporate Social Investment has a positive (= 0.746) and statistically significant (p. value<0.05) impact on customer loyalty. This study has contributed to the literature on Corporate Social Investment and customer loyalty in the Gaming industry, with specific reference to a developing country, South Africa. The recommendations provided as a result of the conducted research can be useful for managers of bookmaking companies to ensure the long-lasting impact of various initiatives in the field of corporate social investment on society, thereby creating goodwill that, in the long-run, contributes to customer loyalty.","PeriodicalId":410560,"journal":{"name":"Business Ethics and Leadership","volume":"83 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130420993","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Education and Business in Conditions of Coopetition: Bibliometrics","authors":"V. Koibichuk, Anastasiia Samoilikova, Valeriia Herasymenko","doi":"10.21272/bel.6(4).49-60.2022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21272/bel.6(4).49-60.2022","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The study of the relationship between education and business is a very relevant issue when education and business are key factors in developing and uplifting the economy. Education is the foundation for creating a business since the effective activity is impossible without a strong information base. The purpose of this research is a bibliographic review of scientific publications devoted to the relationship between business and education, based on materials indexed by the Scopus, Web of Science, and Mendeley databases using the built-in functions of the Bibliometrix application and the R programming language. The logic of the research is implemented with the help of three stages: at the first stage, an analysis of literary sources related to bibliometric analysis, as well as about business and education, the interdependence of education and business, which were published in the publishing house of MDPI scientific journals with open access, was carried out. Survey and interview methods are the methodological tools of most of the analyzed publications in the open access of the MDPI database. The research is conducted in the R language, using VOSViewer tools for bibliometric analysis. Various qualitative and quantitative methods were used to analyze the relationship between education and business, such as performance analysis, scientific mapping and thematic analysis, structural equation modelling, and Z-score statistics. At the second stage, the main functions of the Bibliometrix package were studied, countries, keywords constructed a three-field plot, and the year of publication of cited references to reflect the proportion of research topics for each country and the freshness of cited articles. Source clustering through Bradford’s Law was also used to identify the best journals for publishing own research and searching for the most relevant scientific information. In addition, the Hirsch and Gini indexes of the selected sample of publications were examined in detail within the second stage. The Hirsch index is a quantitative measure of productivity based on analyzing published publications and citations. The distribution of authorship is estimated using the Gini index. At the third stage, keywords were analyzed, and a table was built with the most frequently used words to decrease the number of keywords mentioned. The conducted comprehensive analysis of scientific publications confirmed the close correlation of paradigms of business and education in the conditions of coopetition in modernity.","PeriodicalId":410560,"journal":{"name":"Business Ethics and Leadership","volume":"203 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133227282","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}