Powder Technology最新文献_第8页

The influence of coal pyrolysis heating rate on char fragmentation propensity during secondary reactions 煤热解加热速率对二次反应中焦炭破碎倾向的影响

IF 4.6 2区工程技术

Powder Technology Pub Date : 2026-04-15 Epub Date: 2026-01-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2026.122186

Dongbin Mai , Linmin Zhang , Wei Li , Juntao Wei , Xudong Song , Yan Gong , Yonghui Bai , Weiguang Su , Guangsuo Yu

{"title":"The influence of coal pyrolysis heating rate on char fragmentation propensity during secondary reactions","authors":"Dongbin Mai , Linmin Zhang , Wei Li , Juntao Wei , Xudong Song , Yan Gong , Yonghui Bai , Weiguang Su , Guangsuo Yu","doi":"10.1016/j.powtec.2026.122186","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.powtec.2026.122186","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>During the process of staged coal conversion, secondary fragmentation of coal char in fluidized bed reactors causes fluctuations in bed pressure drop. The resulting fine particles are easily entrained by gas flow to downstream sections, complicating separation processes and exacerbating environmental pollution. This study systematically investigated the influence of coal pyrolysis heating rates on char fragmentation propensity during secondary reactions. Slow-heated char (SHC) and rapid-heated char (RHC) were prepared using a tubular furnace and Joule-heating reactor, respectively. Results demonstrate that SHC fragments more readily than RHC, attributed to heating rate-dependent volatile release during primary pyrolysis that governs pore structure development. SHC exhibits a high specific surface area, small pore size, and high porosity characteristics, with a specific surface area of 91.873 m<sup>2</sup>/g and an average pore size of 2.954 nm, whereas RHC has a significantly lower specific surface area of only 4.092 m<sup>2</sup>/g and an average pore size of 9.530 nm. Through an innovative method converting RGB images to quantitative temperature distribution maps, we found that the core heating rate of SHC particles during secondary reactions is significantly lower than that of RHC, with thermal equilibration times of 1300 and 400 ms, respectively. This leads to steeper internal temperature gradients and higher thermal stresses in slow-heated chars. Consequently, SHC exhibits a maximum fragmentation probability of 81% in oxygen and carbon dioxide mixed atmospheres. This research provides a theoretical foundation for optimizing coal staged conversion processes and reactor design.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":407,"journal":{"name":"Powder Technology","volume":"473 ","pages":"Article 122186"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2026-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146076419","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Controllable synthesis of porous anatase TiO2 microspheres: Regulating pore structure via template size and precursor concentration 多孔锐钛矿型TiO2微球的可控合成：通过模板尺寸和前驱体浓度调节孔结构

IF 4.6 2区工程技术

Powder Technology Pub Date : 2026-04-15 Epub Date: 2026-01-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2026.122163

Yuanfei Lan , Houan Zhang , Jiqiong Lian , Haoyu Cai

{"title":"Controllable synthesis of porous anatase TiO2 microspheres: Regulating pore structure via template size and precursor concentration","authors":"Yuanfei Lan , Houan Zhang , Jiqiong Lian , Haoyu Cai","doi":"10.1016/j.powtec.2026.122163","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.powtec.2026.122163","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Porous anatase TiO<sub>2</sub> is a promising candidate for environmental remediation due to its high photocatalytic activity. However, achieving precise control over its pore structure and crystallinity remains challenging. Here, we regulated the architecture of TiO<sub>2</sub> microspheres by adjusting the size of silica templates (53–200 nm) and the precursor concentration. The template size dictates macropore replication through spatial confinement, with an intermediate template size (∼108 nm) yielding the best balance between specific surface area (14.91 m<sup>2</sup> g<sup>−1</sup>) and pore volume (0.13 cm<sup>3</sup> g<sup>−1</sup>). The precursor concentration influences crystal growth kinetics, where the optimized condition results in the formation of an interconnected mesoporous network composed of nanosheet assemblies. Structural optimization enhances light scattering and inhibits electron–hole recombination, as confirmed by ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy and photoluminescence analyses. Among all samples, the TiO<sub>2</sub> microsphere prepared with a 108 nm SiO<sub>2</sub> template and precursor concentration of 0.1 mol L<sup>−1</sup> (S108M06) exhibits the highest photocatalytic performance for methylene blue degradation, achieving 88.8% degradation efficiency within 60 min, with an apparent first order rate constant of <em>k</em> = 0.035 min<sup>−1</sup>. This study elucidates the existence of a synergistic mechanism based on geometric confinement and kinetic regulation, wherein the template imposes geometric confinement to form periodic pores, while the precursor concentration governs nucleation kinetics and crystal orientation. These findings provide systematic insight into how geometric confinement and growth kinetics cooperatively regulate the structure–property–performance relationships of porous TiO<sub>2</sub> microspheres, offering guidance for the rational design of advanced photocatalysts.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":407,"journal":{"name":"Powder Technology","volume":"473 ","pages":"Article 122163"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2026-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146076478","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Selective adsorption mechanism of novel depressant CMCS in cassiterite/calcite flotation system: Experimental and computational simulation study 新型抑制剂CMCS在锡石/方解石浮选体系中的选择性吸附机理：实验与计算模拟研究

IF 4.6 2区工程技术

Powder Technology Pub Date : 2026-04-15 Epub Date: 2026-01-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2026.122172

Guoliang Zhao , Jian Liu , Ye Wang , Rong Huang , Jiamei Hao , Hulin Gao

{"title":"Selective adsorption mechanism of novel depressant CMCS in cassiterite/calcite flotation system: Experimental and computational simulation study","authors":"Guoliang Zhao , Jian Liu , Ye Wang , Rong Huang , Jiamei Hao , Hulin Gao","doi":"10.1016/j.powtec.2026.122172","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.powtec.2026.122172","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Cassiterite was the core raw material of the tin industry, and its separation and purification were crucial, and the removal of impurities such as calcite becomes the key to cassiterite flotation. This study investigated the depressant effect of carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCS) on the flotation separation of cassiterite from calcite and explored its depressant mechanism in detail. The artificial mixed minerals yielded a cassiterite concentrate with a grade of 73.21% and a recovery rate of 83.11%. SEM-EDS results revealed weak CMCS adsorption on cassiterite surfaces but significant adsorption on calcite. FTIR and XPS analyses further confirmed that Ca sites on calcite surfaces had a higher affinity for CMCS than cassiterite. MD simulations provided microscopic evidence for CMCS adsorption on calcite surfaces by illustrating the spatial distribution of water molecules. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations demonstrated that CMCS formed Ca<img>O bonds with calcite. This study provides a theoretical basis and promising new strategies for the flotation separation of cassiterite and calcite.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":407,"journal":{"name":"Powder Technology","volume":"473 ","pages":"Article 122172"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2026-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146076475","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Critical appraisal of pore network and coarse-grid CFD models for predicting fluid–particle interaction forces in gap-graded soils 孔隙网络的临界评价和粗网格CFD模型用于预测间隙梯度土壤中的流体-颗粒相互作用力

IF 4.6 2区工程技术

Powder Technology Pub Date : 2026-04-15 Epub Date: 2026-01-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2026.122164

Tokio Morimoto

{"title":"Critical appraisal of pore network and coarse-grid CFD models for predicting fluid–particle interaction forces in gap-graded soils","authors":"Tokio Morimoto","doi":"10.1016/j.powtec.2026.122164","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.powtec.2026.122164","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We assess Pore Network Modeling (PNM) and coarse-grid CFD (CG-CFD) methods for predicting fluid–particle interaction forces that control initiation of internal erosion (suffusion/suffosion) in gap-graded, cohesionless soils — a practical problem for dams, levees and embankments. Two DEM-generated benchmark packings with size ratio 10, a 45% fine-content overfilled (suffosion-prone) sample and a 10% fine-content underfilled (suffusion-prone) sample, were simulated with fully-resolved CFD (FR-CFD) using a fluid mesh 30 times finer than the smallest particle to produce reference force fields. FR-CFD revealed strong pressure and velocity heterogeneity and large variability in forces on fines. The PNM reproduced spatial heterogeneity, force magnitudes and directions for both coarse and fine particles with excellent agreement to FR-CFD, demonstrating suitability for engineering analyses of internal instability at much lower cost. Standard empirical models used in CG-CFD predicted total forces on coarse particles reasonably well but failed to capture force variability on fines because they depend only on particle diameter and global velocity. A local-solid-fraction drag correction improved coarse–fine differentiation but still poorly matched forces on fines, indicating that local porosity alone is insufficient. Findings show that pore geometry and connectivity—captured by PNM—are essential to predict fluid-particle interaction forces on fines in gap-graded packs. The FR-CFD benchmarks and PNM validation presented here enable more reliable, computationally efficient CFD–DEM assessments of susceptibility to suffusion and suffosion in geotechnical practice.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":407,"journal":{"name":"Powder Technology","volume":"473 ","pages":"Article 122164"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2026-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146045219","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Combined effects of nanoparticles and endogenous Cl− on cement hydration, mortar strength and microstructure in marine structures 纳米颗粒和内源Cl−对海洋结构中水泥水化、砂浆强度和微观结构的联合影响

IF 4.6 2区工程技术

Powder Technology Pub Date : 2026-04-15 Epub Date: 2026-01-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2026.122158

Maohua Zhang , Jiyin Cui , Fating Xie , Daocheng Zhou

{"title":"Combined effects of nanoparticles and endogenous Cl− on cement hydration, mortar strength and microstructure in marine structures","authors":"Maohua Zhang , Jiyin Cui , Fating Xie , Daocheng Zhou","doi":"10.1016/j.powtec.2026.122158","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.powtec.2026.122158","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The presence of endogenous Cl<sup>−</sup> in sea sand and seawater will deteriorate the mechanical properties and durability of marine structures, and are the main reason restricting its large-scale application. The hydration heat, Cl<sup>−</sup> content, compressive and flexural strength of seawater and sea sand mortar are measured in this paper. The macroscopic analysis indicates that during initial phase of cement hydration, the presence of endogenous Cl<sup>−</sup> and nanoparticles collectively accelerate hydration process and boost the early compressive strength. Adding nano-CaCO<sub>3</sub> can promote the participation of endogenous Cl<sup>−</sup> in hydration, while nano-SiO<sub>2</sub> reduces the participation of endogenous Cl<sup>−</sup> in hydration. In later stage of hydration, endogenous Cl<sup>−</sup> reduces the strength, while nanoparticles can enhance the Cl<sup>−</sup> bonding capacity and strength and reduce the deterioration of strength caused by endogenous Cl<sup>−</sup>. Microscopic results show that nano-CaCO₃ facilitates the reaction between a greater amount of endogenous Cl<sup>−</sup> and Ca(OH)₂, generating more Friedel's salt. However, nano-SiO₂ preferentially reacts with Ca(OH)₂ to produce C-S-H gels, suppressing the generation of Friedel's salt. Adding nano-CaCO<sub>3</sub> can enhance the chemical bonding Cl<sup>−</sup> capacity, while adding nano-SiO<sub>2</sub>, although it reduces the chemical bonding capacity of mortar, improves its physical adsorption Cl<sup>−</sup> capacity. Furthermore, nanoparticles limit the size and aggregation of Friedel's salt, reducing the influence of endogenous Cl<sup>−</sup> on strength deterioration.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":407,"journal":{"name":"Powder Technology","volume":"473 ","pages":"Article 122158"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2026-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146076422","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Mechanism of deglomeration for waste printed circuit boards (WPCBs) via grinding activation 废印刷电路板磨矿活化脱杂机理研究

IF 4.6 2区工程技术

Powder Technology Pub Date : 2026-04-15 Epub Date: 2026-01-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2026.122189

Tao Long , Yuanxiang Zhao , Wei Yang , Sha Deng , Chao Yang , Jinrong Ju

{"title":"Mechanism of deglomeration for waste printed circuit boards (WPCBs) via grinding activation","authors":"Tao Long , Yuanxiang Zhao , Wei Yang , Sha Deng , Chao Yang , Jinrong Ju","doi":"10.1016/j.powtec.2026.122189","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.powtec.2026.122189","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The rapid obsolescence of electronics has led to a global surge in electronic waste. A major recycling challenge is the severe agglomeration of comminuted waste printed circuit board (WPCB) powders, driven by hydrophobic interactions, which significantly hinders metal recovery. This study employed grinding activation as a pretreatment to enhance the dispersion of WPCB powders in water, thereby improving downstream gravity separation. The article compares the effects of grinding with those of stirring dispersion and chemical (ethanol) dispersion, and analyzes their mechanisms. Contact angle measurements confirmed the inherent surface hydrophobicity causing aggregation. Comparative analysis demonstrated that optimal ball milling for 45 s was the most effective method for deagglomeration, outperforming alternatives like ethanol-assisted dispersion. This pretreatment yielded a copper concentrate grade of 26.92% with a high recovery rate of 93.22%, Compared with ethanol-assisted stirring dispersion, the grade and recovery rate increased by 2.89% and 12.94%, respectively. Mechanistic analysis revealed that the performance enhancement stemmed from improved particle liberation, a morphological change of metals to spherical shapes, and the removal of hydrophobic resin coatings. These findings establish the integration of grinding activation with gravity separation as an efficient and environmentally sound strategy for metal recovery from WPCBs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":407,"journal":{"name":"Powder Technology","volume":"473 ","pages":"Article 122189"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2026-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146076480","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Study on enhanced flotation of fine-grained cassiterite using sodium monododecyl phosphate as a novel hydrophobic modifier and its mechanism 新型疏水改性剂单十二烷基磷酸钠强化细粒锡石浮选及其机理研究

IF 4.6 2区工程技术

Powder Technology Pub Date : 2026-04-15 Epub Date: 2026-01-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2026.122171

Renjie Yang , Xun Wang , Xian Xie , Xiong Tong , Ruiqi Xie

{"title":"Study on enhanced flotation of fine-grained cassiterite using sodium monododecyl phosphate as a novel hydrophobic modifier and its mechanism","authors":"Renjie Yang , Xun Wang , Xian Xie , Xiong Tong , Ruiqi Xie","doi":"10.1016/j.powtec.2026.122171","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.powtec.2026.122171","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Efficient flotation of fine-grained cassiterite is a universally recognized challenge in the tin mineral processing industry. Currently, the traditional flotation process faces issues in its recovery, including low tin recovery rate, high gangue entrainment, and excessive reagent consumption. For the first time, this study employed sodium monododecyl phosphate (SMP) as a hydrophobic modifier to pretreat fine-grained cassiterite, realizing the mineral's selective hydrophobic agglomeration and thereby enhancing its flotation recovery with the traditional collector salicylhydroxamic acid (SHA). Flotation experimental results showed that SHA performed poorly in floating the −23 μm cassiterite fraction, with a recovery of only 14.69% under optimal conditions. In contrast, pretreating fine-grained cassiterite with SMP (stirring speed: 700 rpm, pH: 9, SMP concentration: 130 mg/L, stirring time: 5 min) increased its recovery to 80.39% (an enhancement of 65.70%) under otherwise unchanged flotation conditions. Furthermore, artificial mixed ore flotation experiments confirmed that SMP exerted a favorable selective hydrophobic agglomeration effect on cassiterite, enabling the selective enhanced recovery of cassiterite in cassiterite-quartz mixed systems. Additionally, the mechanism underlying SMP-induced flotation enhancement was clarified using a series of surface analysis techniques. SMP forms chemical bonds with Sn atoms on the cassiterite surface using its phosphate groups as anchoring sites, ultimately generating stable Sn-O-P-O-Sn five-membered cyclic chelates adsorbed on the cassiterite surface. This enhances inter-particle hydrophobic interactions, promotes cassiterite agglomeration, increases the mineral's apparent particle size, and thus strengthens flotation recovery. This study provides a novel hydrophobic modifier and a feasible strategy for the efficient flotation of fine-grained cassiterite.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":407,"journal":{"name":"Powder Technology","volume":"473 ","pages":"Article 122171"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2026-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146076476","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effect of blade configuration and screw pitch on granular flow and heat transfer in industrial-scale screw conveyors: A DEM study 叶片构型和螺距对工业规模螺旋输送机颗粒流动和传热影响的数值模拟研究

IF 4.6 2区工程技术

Powder Technology Pub Date : 2026-04-15 Epub Date: 2026-01-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2026.122165

Shuai Wang , Xushu Zeng , Yuxin Ge , Zhanheng Zhu , Kun Luo , Jianren Fan

{"title":"Effect of blade configuration and screw pitch on granular flow and heat transfer in industrial-scale screw conveyors: A DEM study","authors":"Shuai Wang , Xushu Zeng , Yuxin Ge , Zhanheng Zhu , Kun Luo , Jianren Fan","doi":"10.1016/j.powtec.2026.122165","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.powtec.2026.122165","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Industrial-scale screw conveyors are widely employed for the efficient conveying and heating of particulate materials; however, the particle dynamics and heat transfer characteristics within such systems remain insufficiently understood. In this study, a high-fidelity discrete element method (DEM) model was employed to systematically investigate the influence mechanisms of two key design parameters (i.e., screw blade configurations and screw pitch) on particle flow behavior, residence time, temperature distribution, and mixing uniformity. The results reveal that increasing the pitch from 200 mm to 400 mm significantly and almost linearly enhances both conveying and heating rates; however, an excessively large pitch compromises heat retention at the outlet, while a 300 mm pitch achieves the optimal balance between conveying efficiency and heat transfer performance. The baffle configuration extends particle residence time by approximately 10%, improves longitudinal lifting and tumbling, and slightly enhances mixing uniformity. The chain configuration increases residence time by about 50% and promotes more thorough mixing, yet tends to generate stagnant zones in the mid-section of the conveyor. A particle size segregation effect is observed, with fine particles accumulating in the lower layers and coarse particles in the upper layers. While this stratification enlarges the effective heat transfer contact area, excessive segregation can conversely hinder overall heat transfer. These findings provide a systematic theoretical foundation and practical engineering guidance for the structural optimization and parameter selection of industrial-scale screw conveyors.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":407,"journal":{"name":"Powder Technology","volume":"473 ","pages":"Article 122165"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2026-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146076473","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A diffusion-based generative framework for virtual porous granular media generation 基于扩散的虚拟多孔颗粒介质生成生成框架

IF 4.6 2区工程技术

Powder Technology Pub Date : 2026-04-15 Epub Date: 2026-02-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2026.122230

Chenghao Li , Linchong Huang , Zhengshou Lai , Shuai Huang , Yuexiang Lin

{"title":"A diffusion-based generative framework for virtual porous granular media generation","authors":"Chenghao Li , Linchong Huang , Zhengshou Lai , Shuai Huang , Yuexiang Lin","doi":"10.1016/j.powtec.2026.122230","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.powtec.2026.122230","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The morphology of porous granular media governs transport processes and effective mechanical response in a wide range of particulate and porous materials. X-ray micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) provides direct access to internal architectures, yet experimental sampling remains limited and the resulting datasets are often insufficient for numerical simulations and parametric studies. In this work, an end-to-end diffusion-based generative framework is proposed for virtual porous media generation from image data. Within this framework, a denoising diffusion model is trained to learn the microstructure distribution and to synthesize diverse realizations through controlled sampling. This is a fundamentally different approach in that microstructures are generated by sampling from a learned distribution, rather than being constructed through handcrafted reconstruction rules. The framework is demonstrated using coral sand as a representative example of a highly heterogeneous porous granular material. Quantitative evaluation shows that generated samples reproduce key descriptors, including porosity, pore size statistics, spatial correlation measures, and pore topology indicators. These results indicate that diffusion-based generation provides an effective and efficient route to construct statistically consistent virtual porous granular media. The proposed workflow is general and applicable to a broad class of particulate and porous materials, providing statistically consistent digital microstructures for subsequent transport modeling and mechanical analysis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":407,"journal":{"name":"Powder Technology","volume":"473 ","pages":"Article 122230"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2026-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146185358","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Synergistic effects of fly ash and desulfurization gypsum on loess stabilization: Experimental evidence, DEM insights, and life-cycle benefit 粉煤灰和脱硫石膏对黄土稳定的协同效应：实验证据、DEM见解和生命周期效益

IF 4.6 2区工程技术

Powder Technology Pub Date : 2026-04-15 Epub Date: 2026-02-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2026.122228

Yongfeng Zhu , Wen Fan , Kangze Yuan , Zhengwen Wei , Chen Ma

{"title":"Synergistic effects of fly ash and desulfurization gypsum on loess stabilization: Experimental evidence, DEM insights, and life-cycle benefit","authors":"Yongfeng Zhu , Wen Fan , Kangze Yuan , Zhengwen Wei , Chen Ma","doi":"10.1016/j.powtec.2026.122228","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.powtec.2026.122228","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Loess exhibits high collapsibility and water sensitivity, posing persistent challenges for infrastructure safety and sustainability in the Loess Plateau. This study proposes a dual industrial by-product stabilizer, combining fly ash (FA) and desulfurization gypsum (DG), as a low-carbon alternative to lime. Unconfined compression strength (UCS) tests demonstrated that the optimal mixture (10% FA + 10% DG) increased strength more effectively than higher single-component dosages. Multi-scale microstructural analyses (FTIR, XRD, SEM, CT) revealed the co-formation of calcium silicate hydrate (C–S–H) gels and ettringite (AFt), leading to a ∼ 59% porosity reduction and an isotropic pore network that enhanced load transfer. Complementary discrete element simulations (PFC<sup>3</sup>ᴰ) further validated the experimental results, showing that FA-DG addition elevated coordination numbers and the proportion of strong contact forces, thereby elucidating the particle-scale mechanisms of reinforcement. Beyond mechanical benefits, a cradle-to-gate life cycle assessment indicated that FA-DG stabilization reduced global warming potential by 32.1% and primary energy demand by 21.6% compared with lime at equivalent performance. Together, these findings provide the first integrated experimental–numerical–environmental evidence of FA-DG synergy in loess stabilization, offering a scalable pathway to valorize coal-based solid wastes while advancing sustainable geotechnical engineering.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":407,"journal":{"name":"Powder Technology","volume":"473 ","pages":"Article 122228"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2026-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146185605","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0