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Simulation analysis of damage and energy consumption of rocks during abrasive water jet impacts based on SPH-FDEM method 基于 SPH-FDEM 方法的磨料水射流冲击岩石时的损伤和能耗模拟分析
IF 4.5 2区 工程技术
Powder Technology Pub Date : 2024-11-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2024.120418
Yisheng Hu , Fuzeng Wang , Feng Jiang , Lingbao Hu , Guoqin Huang
{"title":"Simulation analysis of damage and energy consumption of rocks during abrasive water jet impacts based on SPH-FDEM method","authors":"Yisheng Hu ,&nbsp;Fuzeng Wang ,&nbsp;Feng Jiang ,&nbsp;Lingbao Hu ,&nbsp;Guoqin Huang","doi":"10.1016/j.powtec.2024.120418","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.powtec.2024.120418","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study established a simulation model for abrasive water jet rock breaking based on the SPH-FDEM method. The effects of abrasive concentration and jet velocity on crack and energy consumption were investigated based on the model. The effect of finite and infinite element boundaries on simulation results was compared, and it was found that the infinite element boundary can mitigate the damage caused by stress wave reflection on rocks. During water jet rock breaking, the crack mode inside the rock was dominated by Mode-I crack (opening-mode crack) due to the water wedge effect, and the number of cracks and the broken volume increased with increasing velocity and abrasive concentration. In this study, the specific energy consumption (SEC) was used to evaluated the rock-breaking capacity. Under pure water jetting, the SEC decreased with increasing velocity, while with the addition of abrasive, the SEC increased with increasing velocity and abrasive concentration. These findings provided a basis for optimization of water jet machining parameters in engineering applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":407,"journal":{"name":"Powder Technology","volume":"449 ","pages":"Article 120418"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142587416","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Effects of fluid properties on coarse particles transport in vertical pipe 流体特性对垂直管道中粗颗粒输送的影响
IF 4.5 2区 工程技术
Powder Technology Pub Date : 2024-11-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2024.120421
Xiaodong Chen , Lele Yang , Lian Luo , Liang Yu , Zhiyuan Luo
{"title":"Effects of fluid properties on coarse particles transport in vertical pipe","authors":"Xiaodong Chen ,&nbsp;Lele Yang ,&nbsp;Lian Luo ,&nbsp;Liang Yu ,&nbsp;Zhiyuan Luo","doi":"10.1016/j.powtec.2024.120421","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.powtec.2024.120421","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The mineral resources in deep-seabed are attracting extensive attention. A numerical simulation of particle transport in a vertical pipe for a deep-sea mining system is conducted using the CFD-DEM method. The effects of fluid density, fluid viscosity and rheological parameters of non-Newtonian fluids on the liquid-solid flow behavior in a vertical pipe are investigated. For Newtonian fluids, increasing the density or viscosity enhances the particles' performance in following the fluid and reduces the slip velocity, but also increases the pressure drop. The efficient lifting of particles can be facilitated by adjusting fluid density and viscosity, while considering factors such as energy consumption. For non-Newtonian fluids, an increase in either the flow behavior index <em>n</em> or the consistency coefficient <em>k</em> results in an increase in the fluid's apparent viscosity. This leads to an increase in the particle suspension capacity and local particle velocity, along with a decrease in local particle concentration.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":407,"journal":{"name":"Powder Technology","volume":"449 ","pages":"Article 120421"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142653679","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Surface chemistry characterization of AA2014 aluminum alloy powder through triboelectric charging 通过三电荷对 AA2014 铝合金粉末进行表面化学表征
IF 4.5 2区 工程技术
Powder Technology Pub Date : 2024-11-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2024.120411
Ali N. Alagha , Mathilde Rossier , Emilio Galindo , Martin Conlon , José Muñiz , Kamran Azari , Evan Butler-Jones , Mathieu Brochu
{"title":"Surface chemistry characterization of AA2014 aluminum alloy powder through triboelectric charging","authors":"Ali N. Alagha ,&nbsp;Mathilde Rossier ,&nbsp;Emilio Galindo ,&nbsp;Martin Conlon ,&nbsp;José Muñiz ,&nbsp;Kamran Azari ,&nbsp;Evan Butler-Jones ,&nbsp;Mathieu Brochu","doi":"10.1016/j.powtec.2024.120411","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.powtec.2024.120411","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Traditional characterization techniques for powders primarily focus on bulk properties, often neglecting the critical role of surface chemistry variations that influence the performance in applications such as additive manufacturing. The method presented in this work addresses this gap by utilizing triboelectric charging concept to gain a comprehensive understanding of powder surface state under varying environmental conditions. In particular, the study investigates the detection of surface chemistry variations of AA2014 powder caused by an exposure to various relative humidity (RH) levels through a change in triboelectric charging behavior. The surface variations are analyzed in parallel with X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The findings reveal a direct correlation between elevated RH and increased hydroxide species content at the surface of the powder. The triboelectric charging experiments demonstrated a significant RH-dependent variations of charge accumulation, with higher humidity levels leading to reduced static charge buildup on the powder particles. The charge accumulation behavior in the powder was fitted with the compressed exponential relaxation model. The results showed that each surface chemical species exhibits a distinct correlation between charging rate and charge accumulation, confirming the effectiveness of the method to detect subtle variations in surface chemistry. The variations in the exponent of the fitted model were shown to be characteristics to the surface scale of the powder particles.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":407,"journal":{"name":"Powder Technology","volume":"449 ","pages":"Article 120411"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142653789","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Measurement and modeling of solids flow behaviors in an aerated standpipe and inclined pipe of circulating fluidized bed full-loop system 循环流化床全循环系统充气立管和斜管中固体流动行为的测量与建模
IF 4.5 2区 工程技术
Powder Technology Pub Date : 2024-11-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2024.120414
Chunguang Zhou , Christian Jonasson , Marcus Gullberg , Fredrik Ahrentorp , Christer Johansson
{"title":"Measurement and modeling of solids flow behaviors in an aerated standpipe and inclined pipe of circulating fluidized bed full-loop system","authors":"Chunguang Zhou ,&nbsp;Christian Jonasson ,&nbsp;Marcus Gullberg ,&nbsp;Fredrik Ahrentorp ,&nbsp;Christer Johansson","doi":"10.1016/j.powtec.2024.120414","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.powtec.2024.120414","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To control solids circulation and optimize design and operating parameters in a circulating fluidized bed full-loop system<strong>,</strong> measurement and modeling of solids flow behaviors in an aerated standpipe and inclined pipe were conducted. Different aeration gas flows were injected at the inclined pipe, which was equipped with different orifice sizes of 37 mm, 54 mm and 75 mm, for regulating solids flow rates. The magnetic tracer-tracking method, which only needs to inject one small magnetic tracer for each measurement to follow the main solids flow, was successfully demonstrated for measuring sand particles' real-time discharge rates, with good accuracy and no calibration requirement. A mathematical model was constructed to predict solids discharge rates and investigate the adverse effect of the pressure gradient in the standpipe bed in a full loop fluidized bed system. The optimization of the solids-return and circulation unit could therefore be achieved with the tools developed in this study.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":407,"journal":{"name":"Powder Technology","volume":"449 ","pages":"Article 120414"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142592855","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Systematic analysis of mixing and segregation patterns of binary mixtures in fluidised beds for multi-functional processes 对流化床中二元混合物的混合和分离模式进行系统分析,以实现多功能工艺
IF 4.5 2区 工程技术
Powder Technology Pub Date : 2024-11-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2024.120419
Hualun Zhu, Paola Lettieri, Massimiliano Materazzi
{"title":"Systematic analysis of mixing and segregation patterns of binary mixtures in fluidised beds for multi-functional processes","authors":"Hualun Zhu,&nbsp;Paola Lettieri,&nbsp;Massimiliano Materazzi","doi":"10.1016/j.powtec.2024.120419","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.powtec.2024.120419","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Fluidized beds are increasingly used in renewable energy and chemical production due to their versatility in handling different solids for multi-functional industrial applications. The diversity in size and density of solid particles impacts fluidization, influencing mixing and segregation behaviours critical for optimizing chemical processes and reactor design. This study investigates the expansion and segregation behaviours of mixed Geldart group powders in binary systems, simulating polydispersed beds with different materials and catalysts. By applying a modified Cheung equation and an adapted Gibilaro-Rowe model, the study analyzes segregation behaviours of Geldart Group A and B materials at varying mixing rates and gas flow velocities. Results show a good match between experimental data and model predictions. Using novel non-invasive X-ray imaging, the study provides real-time analysis of mixing and segregation at different fluidization regimes and temperatures. These findings aid in designing and optimizing advanced thermochemical conversion technologies, enhancing process efficiency and resilience.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":407,"journal":{"name":"Powder Technology","volume":"449 ","pages":"Article 120419"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142653678","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Development and calibration of discrete element model for layered gravel soils in forested areas 林区层状砾石土壤离散元素模型的开发与校准
IF 4.5 2区 工程技术
Powder Technology Pub Date : 2024-11-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2024.120405
Yuan Zhou , Mohamed A. Shahin , Can Xu , Hongxing Zhu , Zian Ding , Shufa Sun
{"title":"Development and calibration of discrete element model for layered gravel soils in forested areas","authors":"Yuan Zhou ,&nbsp;Mohamed A. Shahin ,&nbsp;Can Xu ,&nbsp;Hongxing Zhu ,&nbsp;Zian Ding ,&nbsp;Shufa Sun","doi":"10.1016/j.powtec.2024.120405","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.powtec.2024.120405","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this paper, a Discrete Element Method (DEM) model is developed to accurately simulate the interaction between forestry machinery vehicles and forest-layered gravel soils. The soil grains in the DEM model are simulated as spherical particles, while the gravel is represented by nine types of non-spherical particle clusters based on the actual gravel content, size, and shape. The DEM model parameters are calibrated through the indoor angle of repose (AOR) and triaxial shear tests, followed by statistical calibration using Plackett-Burman, Steepest Ascent, and Box-Behnken experiments. The values of the optimal DEM model parameters are determined based on the obtained quadratic regression analysis. Finally, the MED model accuracy is verified by comparing indoor test results with the DEM simulation outputs and mathematical predictions. The results revealed that the DEM model simulated curves closely match the measured values, indicating good agreement.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":407,"journal":{"name":"Powder Technology","volume":"449 ","pages":"Article 120405"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142592856","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Highly efficient lithium leaching from α-spodumene via binary composite salts low-temperature roasting process 通过二元复合盐低温焙烧工艺从α-锑中高效萃取锂
IF 4.5 2区 工程技术
Powder Technology Pub Date : 2024-11-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2024.120404
Chenquan Ni , Chang Liu , Jieyi Wang , Yinbo Song , Yuting Liang , Weiqi Xie , Hui Zhong , Zhiguo He
{"title":"Highly efficient lithium leaching from α-spodumene via binary composite salts low-temperature roasting process","authors":"Chenquan Ni ,&nbsp;Chang Liu ,&nbsp;Jieyi Wang ,&nbsp;Yinbo Song ,&nbsp;Yuting Liang ,&nbsp;Weiqi Xie ,&nbsp;Hui Zhong ,&nbsp;Zhiguo He","doi":"10.1016/j.powtec.2024.120404","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.powtec.2024.120404","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>With the rapid development and widespread application of lithium-ion batteries, the demand for lithium has surged dramatically, drawing increasing attention to its extraction from spodumene deposits. However, the sustainable development of the lithium industry faces challenges, as traditional processes are hindered by high conversion temperatures, excessive acid consumption, and difficulties in purifying the leachate. Hence, we propose a binary composite additive system based on sodium sulfate‑calcium oxide (Na<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub>-CaO) for roasting α-spodumene at comparative low temperatures. The optimal roasting conditions entailed a mass ratio of spodumene/CaO/Na<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub> at 1:0.1:0.8, a roasting temperature of 900 °C, a holding time of 2 h, a liquid-to-solid ratio of 5 mL/g, and leaching at 60 °C for 30 min, resulting in an impressive lithium leaching efficiency of 95.45 %. Thermodynamic and kinetic analyses reveal that the roasting formed the product of water-soluble LiNaSO<sub>4</sub>, which was then dissolved into water, with the leaching process being governed by internal diffusion.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":407,"journal":{"name":"Powder Technology","volume":"449 ","pages":"Article 120404"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142587335","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Spatially resolved CFD-DEM model with innovative experimental validation methods to improve understanding of sand retention in oil and gas wells with the consideration of filter-beds on standalone screens 空间分辨 CFD-DEM 模型与创新实验验证方法,通过考虑独立滤网上的滤床,加深对油气井中砂滞留的理解
IF 4.5 2区 工程技术
Powder Technology Pub Date : 2024-11-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2024.120406
Razqan Razak , Mohammad S. Alosail , Khaliq I. Musa , Paula A. Gago , Shaheryar Hussain , Zhixi Chen , Stephen Tyson , Sheikh S. Rahman
{"title":"Spatially resolved CFD-DEM model with innovative experimental validation methods to improve understanding of sand retention in oil and gas wells with the consideration of filter-beds on standalone screens","authors":"Razqan Razak ,&nbsp;Mohammad S. Alosail ,&nbsp;Khaliq I. Musa ,&nbsp;Paula A. Gago ,&nbsp;Shaheryar Hussain ,&nbsp;Zhixi Chen ,&nbsp;Stephen Tyson ,&nbsp;Sheikh S. Rahman","doi":"10.1016/j.powtec.2024.120406","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.powtec.2024.120406","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Coupling CFD and DEM is commonly used to study particle-fluid flow in sand retention systems for oil and gas wells, addressing the limitations of laboratory experiments and reliance on empirical data. These numerical studies aid in optimising standalone sand screens, which are favoured over gravel-pack completions for cost-effectiveness. However, such studies overlook the critical role of the bulk filter-bed in retaining permeability for both particulate and fluid phases. This paper presents a robust numerical methodology using resolved CFD-DEM to model a sand retention system that accurately captures filter-bed permeability, which has a greater impact on sand production and retained fluid productivity than the screen itself from a long-term perspective. The numerical model's accuracy is validated through a novel experimental methodology, which involves benchmarking the numerically derived porosity and single-phase permeability against micro-CT imaging of the filter-bed. Results show strong consistency between the numerical model and micro-CT imaging of the laboratory-derived filter-bed. This validated model provides a solid foundation for running more accurate sand retention tests and improving standalone sand screen selection criteria. Future work will explore the effects of varying parameters on the filter-bed formation to determine optimal conditions for maximising sand retention while maintaining hydrocarbon productivity from a long-term perspective.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":407,"journal":{"name":"Powder Technology","volume":"449 ","pages":"Article 120406"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142653855","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Preparation and Performance study of covalently polymerized dust suppressant via Maillard reaction 通过 Maillard 反应制备共价聚合抑尘剂及其性能研究
IF 4.5 2区 工程技术
Powder Technology Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2024.120409
Wu Baoyang , Song Shaofu , Liu Jurong , Zhang Yanni , Huang Yunfeng
{"title":"Preparation and Performance study of covalently polymerized dust suppressant via Maillard reaction","authors":"Wu Baoyang ,&nbsp;Song Shaofu ,&nbsp;Liu Jurong ,&nbsp;Zhang Yanni ,&nbsp;Huang Yunfeng","doi":"10.1016/j.powtec.2024.120409","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.powtec.2024.120409","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To effectively address coal dust pollution, the amino group (−NH<sub>2</sub>) in soy protein isolate was reacted with the carbonyl group (C=O) produced by corn starch through the Maillard reaction, overcoming the disadvantages of the existing modification methods such as sophisticated process and toxic monomer, and the optimal surfactant was determined to be SDBS by sedimentation experiments, an environmentally friendly polyhydroxy dust suppressant with both wetting and coagulation functions was finally prepared. The structural changes of the product, the reaction mechanism, and the microscopic morphology of the coal were analyzed by FTIR, XRD, and SEM. The large amount of hydroxyl groups (-OH) contained in the dust suppressant, combined with the oxygen-containing groups of the coal dust, is able to form hydrogen bonds, which promotes the agglomeration of the coal dust. The wind erosion resistance rates of this dust suppressant were 99.87 % and 99.01 % at wind speeds of 6 m/s and 12 m/s, respectively.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":407,"journal":{"name":"Powder Technology","volume":"449 ","pages":"Article 120409"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142592854","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Development of a XGBoost-based drag force model for freely evolving particle suspensions 为自由演变的颗粒悬浮液开发基于 XGBoost 的阻力模型
IF 4.5 2区 工程技术
Powder Technology Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2024.120408
Ze Cao , Danesh K. Tafti
{"title":"Development of a XGBoost-based drag force model for freely evolving particle suspensions","authors":"Ze Cao ,&nbsp;Danesh K. Tafti","doi":"10.1016/j.powtec.2024.120408","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.powtec.2024.120408","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>An XGBoost-based drag model is developed using data from Particle Resolved Simulations (PRS) of freely evolving spherical particle suspensions, encompassing Reynolds numbers from 10 to 300, solid volume fraction between 0.1 and 0.4, and particle-to-fluid density ratio of 2, 10 and 100. Drag force data from 150 continuous time instances in PRS are divided into two sets: the first set that includes data from the initial 120 instances is used for training the model and interpolation testing, while the second set comprises drag forces from the final 30 instances is used exclusively for extrapolation testing. Both interpolation and extrapolation tests demonstrate significantly improved accuracy compared to traditional drag correlations. Notably, the model achieves its highest prediction accuracy for particles with density ratios of 100, which is attributed to the increased influence of unsteady drag forces at lower density ratios that cannot be fully captured by instantaneous particle distributions alone.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":407,"journal":{"name":"Powder Technology","volume":"449 ","pages":"Article 120408"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142587336","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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