Powder Technology最新文献_第8页

A bio-based casein flame retardant synergist for improving phosphorus utilization efficiency: Char-forming behavior and flame retardant mechanism 一种提高磷利用效率的生物酪蛋白阻燃增效剂：成炭行为及阻燃机理

IF 4.6 2区工程技术

Powder Technology Pub Date : 2025-08-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2025.121553

Kaixuan Feng , Fei Xin , Shihong Chen , Jiayue Hu , Yu Chen , Zun Gao

{"title":"A bio-based casein flame retardant synergist for improving phosphorus utilization efficiency: Char-forming behavior and flame retardant mechanism","authors":"Kaixuan Feng , Fei Xin , Shihong Chen , Jiayue Hu , Yu Chen , Zun Gao","doi":"10.1016/j.powtec.2025.121553","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.powtec.2025.121553","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this paper, a new flame retardant synergist PSil-CS was successfully synthesized, which was combined with flame retardant ammonium polyphosphate (APP) to flame retardant Unsaturated polyester resin (UPR) composites. When the weight ratio of APP: PSil-CS is 30:1 and 15:1, the UL 94 V-0 level can be achieved. When the weight ratio of APP: PSil-CS is 15:1, the UPR showed a good flame retardant promotion effect, the LOI value was up to 35.1 %, the peak heat release rate (pk-HRR) was 70.45 % lower than that of pure UPR sample, and 30.4 % lower than that of UPR/APP-16 % sample. Under the premise that the total amount of flame retardants is unchanged, although the total amount of phosphorus is reduced by replacing APP with PSil-CS, it is found in TGIR test that the addition of PSil-CS can promote the flame retarding effect of phosphorus by generating more PO· and PO2· free radicals. These free radicals can capture the free radicals released by the UPR matrix during the combustion process, thus interrupting the chain reaction of the combustion of UPR composites and reducing the combustion intensity of the composites. Adding PSil-CS can promote the carbonization of the UPR matrix and increase the utilization efficiency of the P element. The silicon element can also form a silicon-containing protective layer on the surface to improve the thermal stability of the surface char layer. At the same time, the addition of phosphosilane-modified PSil-CS can effectively improve the bending strength of the composites.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":407,"journal":{"name":"Powder Technology","volume":"467 ","pages":"Article 121553"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144866333","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The effects of relo body and spherical balls on breakage rate 球体和球体对破碎率的影响

IF 4.6 2区工程技术

Powder Technology Pub Date : 2025-08-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2025.121555

Qiang Zhou , Haichan Liu , Yifan Wang , Qingfei Xiao , Qing Guo , Qiuxiang Chang , Feiyu Yu

引用次数: 0

Continuous structural evolution of deadman coke in the hydrogen-rich blast furnace: Insights from full-scale dissection 富氢高炉中死焦的连续结构演化：全尺寸解剖的启示

IF 4.6 2区工程技术

Powder Technology Pub Date : 2025-08-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2025.121511

Shuixin Ye, Yinghui Zhong, Xiaodie Hu, Fengmei Wang, Ming Qi, Yuwen Zhang, Ya Gao, Wenhe Wu, Xionggang Lu

{"title":"Continuous structural evolution of deadman coke in the hydrogen-rich blast furnace: Insights from full-scale dissection","authors":"Shuixin Ye, Yinghui Zhong, Xiaodie Hu, Fengmei Wang, Ming Qi, Yuwen Zhang, Ya Gao, Wenhe Wu, Xionggang Lu","doi":"10.1016/j.powtec.2025.121511","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.powtec.2025.121511","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Replacing coke with hydrogen in the reduction of iron ore offers the potential to lower carbon dioxide emissions, but hydrogen injection may affect the quality of the coke. This study evaluates the structural characteristics and degradation mechanisms of coke in the deadman of the furnace hearth through dissection of a 40m<sup>3</sup> experimental hydrogen-rich blast furnace. The results revealed that the average particle size of coke in the hearth region decreased by 52.48 % compared to the charged coke, and the <em>I</em><sub>10</sub><sup>600</sup> strength dropped to as low as 80.33 %. The ash content of central coke ranged from 11 % to 15 %, lower than in conventional blast furnaces. Hydrogen-rich smelting reduced the retention of dead slag and iron in the deadman. After hydrogen enrichment, the FeO content in the slag declined, leading to reduced wettability and reactivity between coke and slag and resulting in a distinct interface between them. Upon entering the hearth, surface pores the of coke expanded significantly, the matrix became rougher, and both the specific surface area and total pore volume increased rapidly. Notably, the height of graphite microcrystals exhibited the fastest growth. Under the combined influence of pore structure degradation and matrix graphitization, coke strength reached its minimum in the central zone of the deadman. These findings offer valuable insights for coke quality evaluation and effective optimization of hydrogen blast furnace in practical production.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":407,"journal":{"name":"Powder Technology","volume":"467 ","pages":"Article 121511"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144866873","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

An adaptive and bi-directional PBM-DEM framework for multi-component wet granulation: Bridging the gap between computational efficiency and High-fidelity model physics 多组分湿制粒的自适应双向PBM-DEM框架：弥合计算效率和高保真模型物理之间的差距

IF 4.6 2区工程技术

Powder Technology Pub Date : 2025-08-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2025.121507

Tarun De , Ashley Dan , Rohit Ramachandran , Ashok Das

{"title":"An adaptive and bi-directional PBM-DEM framework for multi-component wet granulation: Bridging the gap between computational efficiency and High-fidelity model physics","authors":"Tarun De , Ashley Dan , Rohit Ramachandran , Ashok Das","doi":"10.1016/j.powtec.2025.121507","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.powtec.2025.121507","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study introduces a novel bi-directional and bi-component coupling framework that integrates Population Balance Modeling (PBM) and the Discrete Element Method (DEM) for simulating wet granulation processes. In conventional approaches, we have treated liquid droplets as granular particles in DEM, which has led to significant computational demands due to the generation and deletion of liquid droplets. To address this challenge, we establish a relationship between granule size and their liquid absorption rate utilizing DEM. Consequently, we propose a novel mechanistic formulation that incorporates liquid droplets within the PBM, enhancing the framework’s ability to accurately simulate particle-liquid interactions, which are crucial for granulation outcomes. Additionally, we introduce an adaptive system scaling method (ASSM) within DEM that dynamically adjusts system dimensions to accommodate a fixed number of particles, reducing computational resources by 82% while maintaining simulation accuracy. We have further validated the proposed framework against experimental data. Moreover, integrating these advancements, we investigated the effects of key process parameters, such as liquid-to-solid ratio and liquid addition duration, on granulation processes. Results indicate a computational cost saving of fivefold through the implementation of ASSM.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":407,"journal":{"name":"Powder Technology","volume":"467 ","pages":"Article 121507"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144851913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Drying strategies for magnetite nanocrystals: Unveiling the effects of air- and freeze-drying on fatty acid coatings 磁铁矿纳米晶体的干燥策略：揭示空气干燥和冷冻干燥对脂肪酸涂层的影响

IF 4.6 2区工程技术

Powder Technology Pub Date : 2025-08-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2025.121550

María Salvador , Vanessa Pilati , Mª. Arantzazu Argüelles-Vélez , Mona Fadel , Francisco Javier Palomares , Alberto Castro-Muñiz , José Carlos Martínez-García , Fabián Suárez-García , Jesús Ángel Blanco , Montserrat Rivas

{"title":"Drying strategies for magnetite nanocrystals: Unveiling the effects of air- and freeze-drying on fatty acid coatings","authors":"María Salvador , Vanessa Pilati , Mª. Arantzazu Argüelles-Vélez , Mona Fadel , Francisco Javier Palomares , Alberto Castro-Muñiz , José Carlos Martínez-García , Fabián Suárez-García , Jesús Ángel Blanco , Montserrat Rivas","doi":"10.1016/j.powtec.2025.121550","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.powtec.2025.121550","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The accurate characterization of magnetic nanoparticles suspended in liquid media, such as those obtained through wet-chemical synthesis methods or from magnetic colloids, often requires the removal of the liquid phase. To obtain a nanoparticle powder, different drying strategies are frequently employed, such as freeze-drying and air-drying. These procedures can impact particle aggregation, surface oxidation, morphology, and magnetic properties; however, systematic comparisons remain limited. This study provides a detailed evaluation of these two drying methods, highlighting their effects on the crystal structure, crystallite size, surface chemistry, and magnetic behavior of nanocrystals. Our findings reveal that both methods yield comparable results for crystallite size, but subtle variations in strain and surface properties, with air-dried samples exhibiting slightly higher strain, likely due to oxidation effects during the drying process. Furthermore, a significant discrepancy in saturation magnetization was noted between liquid and powder samples, underscoring challenges related to mass normalization. This paper addresses a critical gap in our understanding of the role of drying techniques in nanoparticle preparation and lays the groundwork for extending these findings to other nanomaterials.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":407,"journal":{"name":"Powder Technology","volume":"467 ","pages":"Article 121550"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144866872","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effect of particle attrition on gas-solid flow and heat transfer characteristics with a developed CFD-DEM model 基于CFD-DEM模型的颗粒磨损对气固流动和传热特性的影响

IF 4.6 2区工程技术

Powder Technology Pub Date : 2025-08-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2025.121549

Haoyuan Bo , Yingjuan Shao , Wenqi Zhong

{"title":"Effect of particle attrition on gas-solid flow and heat transfer characteristics with a developed CFD-DEM model","authors":"Haoyuan Bo , Yingjuan Shao , Wenqi Zhong","doi":"10.1016/j.powtec.2025.121549","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.powtec.2025.121549","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The present study employs the CFD-DEM method coupled with heat transfer and a self-developed fluidized attrition sub-model to simulate the fluidization process of particles in a fluidized bed. The accuracy of the attrition model is validated through comparative analysis with experimental data. First, the effects of different attrition mechanisms on particle abrasion, fragmentation, and gas-solid flow behavior are investigated under cold conditions. Subsequently, the effects of these mechanisms on gas-solid heat transfer characteristics are systematically investigated under thermal conditions. Thus, it provides a theoretical foundation for optimizing the gas-solid heat transfer process. The results indicate that fluidized attrition significantly affects the particle size distribution. The degree of particle abrasion is closely related to its motion patterns. Particle fragmentation primarily occurs within the range of 1.3 to 2.1 times the static bed height of the fluidized bed. Additionally, by performing a time-averaged statistical analysis of the particle volume fraction at different reaction stages, the potential erosive impact of the particles on the bed material is revealed. Under thermal conditions, the temperature response characteristics and temperature levels of particles exhibit direct correlations with their abrasion degree. Furthermore, the abrasion mechanism effectively enhances the temperature uniformity of the bed, whereas the fragmentation mechanism reduces it.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":407,"journal":{"name":"Powder Technology","volume":"467 ","pages":"Article 121549"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144840863","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A visco-plastic constitutive model for accurate densification and shape predictions in powder metallurgy hot isostatic pressing 粉末冶金热等静压中精确密度和形状预测的粘塑性本构模型

IF 4.6 2区工程技术

Powder Technology Pub Date : 2025-08-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2025.121526

Subrato Sarkar , Jason R. Mayeur , K.P.K. Ajjarapu , Fred A. List III , Soumya Nag , Ryan R. Dehoff

{"title":"A visco-plastic constitutive model for accurate densification and shape predictions in powder metallurgy hot isostatic pressing","authors":"Subrato Sarkar , Jason R. Mayeur , K.P.K. Ajjarapu , Fred A. List III , Soumya Nag , Ryan R. Dehoff","doi":"10.1016/j.powtec.2025.121526","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.powtec.2025.121526","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Powder metallurgy hot isostatic pressing (PM-HIP) is an advanced manufacturing process that produces near net shape parts with high material utilization and uniform microstructures. Despite being used frequently to produce small-scale components, the application of PM-HIP to large-scale components is limited due to inadequate understanding of its complex mechanisms that cause unpredictable post-HIP shape distortions. A computational model can provide necessary information about the intermediate and final stages of the HIP process that can help understand it better and make accurate predictions. Generally, two types of computational models are employed for PM-HIP of metal powders, namely, plastic and visco-plastic models. Between these, the plastic model is preferred due to its cheaper calibration approach requiring less experimental data. However, the plastic model sometimes produces incorrect predictions when slight variations of the HIP conditions are encountered in practical situations. Therefore, this work presents a visco-plastic model that addresses these limitations of the plastic model. A novel modified calibration approach is employed for the visco-plastic model that utilizes less experimental data than existing approaches. With the new approach, the data requirement is same for both plastic and visco-plastic models. This also enables a quantitative comparison of plastic and visco-plastic models, which have been only qualitatively compared in the past. When calibrated with the same experimental data, both the models are found to produce similar results. The calibrated visco-plastic model is applied to several complex geometries, and the predictions are found to be in good agreement with experimental observations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":407,"journal":{"name":"Powder Technology","volume":"467 ","pages":"Article 121526"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144851916","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Efficient recovery of zinc material from zinc reductive smelting flue gas via vapor condensation 用蒸汽冷凝法从锌还原冶炼烟气中高效回收锌料

IF 4.6 2区工程技术

Powder Technology Pub Date : 2025-08-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2025.121551

Xiaobo Min , Dezhou Zhang , Yun Li , Xin Wang , Qingyu Huang , Yu Liu , Yunyan Wang , Pingsheng Zeng , Xingwu Lu , Cong Peng , Yong Ke

{"title":"Efficient recovery of zinc material from zinc reductive smelting flue gas via vapor condensation","authors":"Xiaobo Min , Dezhou Zhang , Yun Li , Xin Wang , Qingyu Huang , Yu Liu , Yunyan Wang , Pingsheng Zeng , Xingwu Lu , Cong Peng , Yong Ke","doi":"10.1016/j.powtec.2025.121551","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.powtec.2025.121551","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The inherent susceptibility of zinc vapor Zn<sub>(g)</sub> to oxidation during conventional pyrometallurgical zinc production fundamentally limits direct metallic zinc recovery. This study developed an innovative multi-field controlling condensation technique to address this challenge through synergistic regulation of atmospheric composition (Zn<sub>(g)</sub>-CO₂-CO-N₂ system), thermal gradients, and concentration fields in smelting operations. Combining thermodynamic simulations with pilot experiments, the oxidation inhibition mechanisms were systematically elucidated, quantitative relationships between operational parameters and zinc recovery efficiency were established. Thermodynamic analysis revealed that increasing the reaction temperature, elevating CO and zinc vapor concentrations in the gas phase, and reducing H<sub>2</sub>O and SO<sub>2</sub> contents can effectively inhibit zinc vapor oxidation. Experimental validation demonstrated exceptional zinc vapor oxidation inhibition rates of 95.7–99.1 % under optimized conditions: 1050 °C reaction temperature, CO/CO₂ ratios of 3.0–5.0, 0.34 mL/min zinc vapor flux, 610–625 °C condensation temperature, and 60 min retention time without H<sub>2</sub>O and SO<sub>2</sub>. Additionally, this methodology enables precise morphological control of condensed products, achieving tunable zinc crystal structures ranging from dendritic to compact granular morphologies through strategic manipulation of condensation kinetics. This breakthrough establishes a robust technical pathway for sustainable zinc recovery from smelting off-gases while providing fundamental insights into vapor-phase metal purification strategies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":407,"journal":{"name":"Powder Technology","volume":"467 ","pages":"Article 121551"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144866871","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Particle clogging and two-phase flow in fracture networks of water-saturated coal: Insights from laser-etched model experiments 饱和水煤裂隙网络中的颗粒堵塞和两相流：来自激光蚀刻模型实验的见解

IF 4.6 2区工程技术

Powder Technology Pub Date : 2025-08-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2025.121554

Zhen Liu , Shuyang Sun , He Yang , Qingbo Gu , Weiqun Wang , Jinrui Hu , Weijun Zhou , Ning Geng

{"title":"Particle clogging and two-phase flow in fracture networks of water-saturated coal: Insights from laser-etched model experiments","authors":"Zhen Liu , Shuyang Sun , He Yang , Qingbo Gu , Weiqun Wang , Jinrui Hu , Weijun Zhou , Ning Geng","doi":"10.1016/j.powtec.2025.121554","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.powtec.2025.121554","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The seepage of dynamic water through coal seam fractures directly affects dust suppression. However, the particles produced by the original coal seam and mechanical crushing enter the fracture network with the dynamic water, leading to blockage and reduced water injection efficiency. Therefore, this study independently developed a visual experimental system for water-borne particle migration. Laser etching technology was used to reconstruct the characteristics of the fracture network, and numerical simulation was conducted to model the migration of water-particle two-phase flow, exploring particle behavior under varying flow rates (40–80 mL/min) and particle concentrations (3–7 g/L). The results show that the maximum <em>R</em><sub><em>c</em></sub> value of the ratio parameter of pulverized coal in branch throats and shrinkage zones of the fracture network exceeds 0.79, indicating that these areas are the primary sites of particle blockage. The migration and deposition of particles are affected by the flow rate and particle concentration. An increase in concentration promotes deposition, and the porosity and fractal dimension D<sub>2</sub> of the fracture network decrease synchronously, while the increase in flow rate can alleviate the blockage. It was found that at a concentration of 3 g/L, as the flow rate increased from 40 mL/min to 80 mL/min, the blockage coefficient <em>B</em> decreased from 0.5654 to 0.1455, representing a reduction of approximately 74.3 %. These findings provide a theoretical reference for solving the problem of pulverized coal particles blocking fractures.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":407,"journal":{"name":"Powder Technology","volume":"467 ","pages":"Article 121554"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144840865","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Combustion characteristics and instability mechanisms of the pulverized coal jet with low loads 低负荷煤粉射流燃烧特性及不稳定机理

IF 4.6 2区工程技术

Powder Technology Pub Date : 2025-08-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2025.121552

Yuanlu Li , Wenqi Zhong , Xuejiao Liu , Xi Chen , Guanwen Zhou , Yingjuan Shao , Qian Liu , Qinwen Liu

{"title":"Combustion characteristics and instability mechanisms of the pulverized coal jet with low loads","authors":"Yuanlu Li , Wenqi Zhong , Xuejiao Liu , Xi Chen , Guanwen Zhou , Yingjuan Shao , Qian Liu , Qinwen Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.powtec.2025.121552","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.powtec.2025.121552","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To integrate with renewable and low-carbon, but intermittent solar and wind powers, the coal-fired power generation units are compelled to operate under conditions of frequently fluctuating loads as well as prolonged low-load states. With such new operating modes, the rapid and safe regulation and control of the pulverized coal boiler necessitate a more profound comprehension of the combustion dynamic characteristics of pulverized coal jets especially under the low-load conditions. In this study, based on CFD (LES-DPM) numerical simulations, a quantitative method, which identifies heat-release cores and employs a coefficient of variation to evaluate their spatial continuity, was developed to describe the flame evolution process and assess the combustion stability of pulverized coal jets. The combustion characteristics were investigated under varying coal feed and air supply rates, and the instability mechanism under low-load conditions was emphatically discussed. It was found that the essence of stable pulverized coal jet combustion is to form the continuous high-intensity heat release regions, namely the heat-release cores in jets and the formation, merging, and fragmentation of heat-release cores, are closely affected by the gas-solid diffusion and the mixing of fuel and oxidant. Under low-load conditions, the reduced coal feed rates and air supply with the weak gas-solid turbulence lead to the non-homogeneous fuel and heat distribution in the jet space. The heat-release cores fail to merge and the flame shows significant spatiotemporal fluctuations. Increasing the air/oxygen supply at low loads is able to improve combustion efficiency to some extent, but cannot enhance the flame stability obviously.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":407,"journal":{"name":"Powder Technology","volume":"467 ","pages":"Article 121552"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144866334","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0